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authorwuesk <wsk@tuta.com>2026-09-22 13:30:39 +0200
committerwuesk <wsk@tuta.com>2026-09-22 13:30:39 +0200
commit72fafe4553e075c040734e31164e50c4cdc7f319 (patch)
tree4a58557786185e993c11a5c4c27894333ab84842 /include
initial commitHEADmaster
Diffstat (limited to 'include')
-rw-r--r--include/guestbook.hpp13
-rw-r--r--include/httplib.h22885
-rw-r--r--include/json.hpp25526
-rw-r--r--include/views.hpp4
4 files changed, 48428 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/include/guestbook.hpp b/include/guestbook.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd095dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/guestbook.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+struct GuestbookEntry
+{
+ std::string name;
+ std::string message;
+};
+
+std::vector<GuestbookEntry> loadGuestbook();
+bool saveGuestbook(const std::vector<GuestbookEntry>& entries); \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/include/httplib.h b/include/httplib.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96c390b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/httplib.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22885 @@
+//
+// httplib.h
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
+// MIT License
+//
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H
+
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION "0.56.0"
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION_NUM "0x003800"
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#if defined(_WIN32_WINNT) && _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0A00
+#error \
+ "cpp-httplib doesn't support Windows 8 or lower. Please use Windows 10 or later."
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Configuration
+ */
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_CHECK_INTERVAL_USECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_CHECK_INTERVAL_USECOND 10000
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_MAX_COUNT
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_MAX_COUNT 100
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_SECOND 300
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_USECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 300
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_MAX_TIMEOUT_MSECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_MAX_TIMEOUT_MSECOND 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_THRESHOLD
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_THRESHOLD 1024
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND 1000
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD (1024 * 1024)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MSECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MSECOND 50
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_SECOND 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_USECOND
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_USECOND 1000
+#else
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_USECOND 0
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH 8192
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH 8192
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT 100
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_REDIRECT_MAX_COUNT
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_REDIRECT_MAX_COUNT 20
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_FILE_MAX_COUNT
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_FILE_MAX_COUNT 1024
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH (100 * 1024 * 1024) // 100MB
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_FORM_URL_ENCODED_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_FORM_URL_ENCODED_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH 8192
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_STATIC_FILE_COMPRESSION_MIN_LENGTH
+// 1400 rather than a round number: a body that already fits in one 1500-byte
+// MTU gains nothing from being made smaller.
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_STATIC_FILE_COMPRESSION_MIN_LENGTH 1400
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_STATIC_FILE_COMPRESSION_MAX_LENGTH
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_STATIC_FILE_COMPRESSION_MAX_LENGTH (4 * 1024 * 1024) // 4MB
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_RANGE_MAX_COUNT
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_RANGE_MAX_COUNT 1024
+#endif
+
+// std::regex_match's backtracking implementation (most acutely on libstdc++)
+// recurses roughly once per matched character for quantified patterns such
+// as "(.*)", so a long enough path can exhaust the calling thread's stack; on
+// a default ~8MB thread stack that has been observed to take on the order of
+// a couple thousand characters for a simple pattern. 256 leaves a wide safety
+// margin below that (well under the 8192-byte request URI limit) while still
+// fitting any realistic route segment; raise it if a route legitimately needs
+// longer paths. Regex routes are never applied to paths longer than this.
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_REGEX_ROUTE_PATH_MAX_LENGTH
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_REGEX_ROUTE_PATH_MAX_LENGTH 256
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY false
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY false
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ size_t(16384u)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_BUFSIZ
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_BUFSIZ size_t(16384u)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ size_t(16384u)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT \
+ ((std::max)(8u, std::thread::hardware_concurrency() > 0 \
+ ? std::thread::hardware_concurrency() - 1 \
+ : 0))
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_MAX_COUNT
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_MAX_COUNT (CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT * 4)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT 3 // seconds
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_FLAGS
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_FLAGS 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_LISTEN_BACKLOG
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_LISTEN_BACKLOG 128
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MAX_LINE_LENGTH
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_MAX_LINE_LENGTH 32768
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH 16777216
+#endif
+
+// One macro used to set the read timeout for both sides. They want different
+// defaults: a client's read timeout is the caller's own tool (it waits forever
+// until asked not to), while a server keeps a ceiling that reclaims a worker
+// from a peer that has gone quiet. The old name still works and sets both.
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#pragma message( \
+ "CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND is deprecated; define " \
+ "CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND and/or " \
+ "CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND instead")
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND \
+ CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#endif
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND \
+ CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#endif
+#endif
+
+// 0 waits forever. A read timeout is how a caller gets control back to send on
+// the same connection; it is not a liveness check (that is ping/pong). Only a
+// timeout set at runtime through set_read_timeout() is reported as
+// ws::Timeout; when one of these compile-time defaults elapses, read() returns
+// ws::Fail and closes the connection.
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 300
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND 30
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_MISSED_PONGS
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_MISSED_PONGS 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Headers
+ */
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#endif //_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+
+#ifndef _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+#define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+#endif //_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#if _MSC_VER < 1900
+#error Sorry, Visual Studio versions prior to 2015 are not supported
+#endif
+
+#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
+
+#ifndef _SSIZE_T_DEFINED
+using ssize_t = __int64;
+#define _SSIZE_T_DEFINED
+#endif
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+#ifndef S_ISREG
+#define S_ISREG(m) (((m) & S_IFREG) == S_IFREG)
+#endif // S_ISREG
+
+#ifndef S_ISDIR
+#define S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFDIR) == S_IFDIR)
+#endif // S_ISDIR
+
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+#define NOMINMAX
+#endif // NOMINMAX
+
+#include <io.h>
+#include <winsock2.h>
+#include <ws2tcpip.h>
+
+#if defined(__has_include)
+#if __has_include(<afunix.h>)
+// afunix.h uses types declared in winsock2.h, so has to be included after it.
+#include <afunix.h>
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_HAVE_AFUNIX_H 1
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT
+#define WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT 0x80
+#endif
+
+using nfds_t = unsigned long;
+using socket_t = SOCKET;
+using socklen_t = int;
+
+#else // not _WIN32
+
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#if !defined(_AIX) && !defined(__MVS__)
+#include <ifaddrs.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef __MVS__
+#include <strings.h>
+#ifndef NI_MAXHOST
+#define NI_MAXHOST 1025
+#endif
+#endif
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include <resolv.h>
+#undef _res // Undefine _res macro to avoid conflicts with user code (#2278)
+#endif
+#include <csignal>
+#include <netinet/tcp.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/un.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+using socket_t = int;
+#ifndef INVALID_SOCKET
+#define INVALID_SOCKET (-1)
+#endif
+#endif //_WIN32
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+#include <TargetConditionals.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <climits>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <exception>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <functional>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <list>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <random>
+#include <regex>
+#include <set>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <system_error>
+#include <thread>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+// On macOS with a TLS backend, enable Keychain root certificates by default
+// unless the user explicitly opts out. Not enabled on iOS/tvOS/watchOS since
+// the SecTrustSettings APIs used to enumerate anchor certificates are macOS
+// only; on those platforms the user must provide a CA bundle explicitly.
+#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__clang__) && \
+ !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES) && \
+ (defined(CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT) || \
+ defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT) || \
+ defined(CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT))
+#if TARGET_OS_OSX
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN) && \
+ defined(__APPLE__) && !TARGET_OS_OSX
+#error \
+ "CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN is only supported on macOS. On iOS/tvOS/watchOS, supply a CA bundle via set_ca_cert_path()."
+#endif
+
+// On Windows, enable Schannel certificate verification by default
+// unless the user explicitly opts out.
+#if defined(_WIN32) && \
+ !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE)
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO) || \
+ defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN)
+#if TARGET_OS_MAC && defined(__clang__)
+#include <CFNetwork/CFHost.h>
+#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <wincrypt.h>
+
+// these are defined in wincrypt.h and it breaks compilation if BoringSSL is
+// used
+#undef X509_NAME
+#undef X509_CERT_PAIR
+#undef X509_EXTENSIONS
+#undef PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma comment(lib, "crypt32.lib")
+#endif
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
+#if TARGET_OS_OSX
+#include <Security/Security.h>
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+#include <openssl/evp.h>
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
+#include <openssl/x509v3.h>
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(OPENSSL_USE_APPLINK)
+#include <openssl/applink.c>
+#endif
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#if defined(OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL) || defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x1010107f
+#error Please use OpenSSL or a current version of BoringSSL
+#endif
+#define SSL_get1_peer_certificate SSL_get_peer_certificate
+#elif OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x30000000L
+#error Sorry, OpenSSL versions prior to 3.0.0 are not supported
+#endif
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
+// version.h defines MBEDTLS_VERSION_MAJOR (on 2.x/3.x/4.x alike); it is pulled
+// in with this first include group so the version gating below can use it.
+#include <mbedtls/error.h>
+#include <mbedtls/net_sockets.h>
+#include <mbedtls/oid.h>
+#include <mbedtls/pk.h>
+#include <mbedtls/ssl.h>
+#include <mbedtls/version.h>
+#include <mbedtls/x509_crt.h>
+#if MBEDTLS_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4
+// Mbed TLS 4.x moved hashing/RNG to PSA Crypto and removed these headers.
+#include <psa/crypto.h>
+#else
+#include <mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h>
+#include <mbedtls/entropy.h>
+#include <mbedtls/md5.h>
+#include <mbedtls/sha1.h>
+#include <mbedtls/sha256.h>
+#include <mbedtls/sha512.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <wincrypt.h>
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma comment(lib, "crypt32.lib")
+#endif
+#endif // _WIN32
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
+#if TARGET_OS_OSX
+#include <Security/Security.h>
+#endif
+#endif
+
+// Mbed TLS version API compatibility. Note: V4 implies V3 (both defined on
+// 4.x), so version-specific 3.x-only code must check V3 && !V4.
+#if MBEDTLS_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+#endif
+#if MBEDTLS_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
+#endif
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
+#include <wolfssl/options.h>
+
+#include <wolfssl/openssl/x509v3.h>
+
+// Fallback definitions for older wolfSSL versions (e.g., 5.6.6)
+#ifndef WOLFSSL_GEN_EMAIL
+#define WOLFSSL_GEN_EMAIL 1
+#endif
+#ifndef WOLFSSL_GEN_DNS
+#define WOLFSSL_GEN_DNS 2
+#endif
+#ifndef WOLFSSL_GEN_URI
+#define WOLFSSL_GEN_URI 6
+#endif
+#ifndef WOLFSSL_GEN_IPADD
+#define WOLFSSL_GEN_IPADD 7
+#endif
+
+#include <wolfssl/ssl.h>
+#include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/hash.h>
+#include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/md5.h>
+#include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/sha256.h>
+#include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/sha512.h>
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <wincrypt.h>
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma comment(lib, "crypt32.lib")
+#endif
+#endif // _WIN32
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
+#if TARGET_OS_OSX
+#include <Security/Security.h>
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
+
+// Define CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED if any SSL backend is available
+#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT) || \
+ defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT) || defined(CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT)
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+#include <zlib.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
+#include <brotli/decode.h>
+#include <brotli/encode.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
+#include <zstd.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Declaration
+ */
+namespace httplib {
+
+namespace ws {
+class WebSocket;
+} // namespace ws
+
+namespace detail {
+
+/*
+ * Backport std::make_unique from C++14.
+ *
+ * NOTE: This code came up with the following stackoverflow post:
+ * https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10149840/c-arrays-and-make-unique
+ *
+ */
+
+template <class T, class... Args>
+typename std::enable_if<!std::is_array<T>::value, std::unique_ptr<T>>::type
+make_unique(Args &&...args) {
+ return std::unique_ptr<T>(new T(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
+}
+
+template <class T>
+typename std::enable_if<std::is_array<T>::value, std::unique_ptr<T>>::type
+make_unique(std::size_t n) {
+ typedef typename std::remove_extent<T>::type RT;
+ return std::unique_ptr<T>(new RT[n]);
+}
+
+// Locale-independent ASCII character classification. The <cctype>
+// counterparts (std::isalnum, std::isdigit, ...) consult the global C locale,
+// so e.g. std::isalnum(0xC5) can return true once an embedder calls
+// setlocale(). HTTP grammars are defined over ASCII, so raw bytes must be
+// classified without regard to the locale.
+inline bool is_ascii_digit(char c) { return '0' <= c && c <= '9'; }
+
+inline bool is_ascii_alpha(char c) {
+ return ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') || ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z');
+}
+
+inline bool is_ascii_alnum(char c) {
+ return is_ascii_digit(c) || is_ascii_alpha(c);
+}
+
+namespace case_ignore {
+
+inline unsigned char to_lower(int c) {
+ const static unsigned char table[256] = {
+ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
+ 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
+ 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44,
+ 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59,
+ 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106,
+ 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121,
+ 122, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104,
+ 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119,
+ 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134,
+ 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149,
+ 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164,
+ 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179,
+ 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 224, 225, 226,
+ 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241,
+ 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 215, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 223, 224,
+ 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239,
+ 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254,
+ 255,
+ };
+ return table[(unsigned char)(char)c];
+}
+
+inline std::string to_lower(const std::string &s) {
+ std::string result = s;
+ std::transform(
+ result.begin(), result.end(), result.begin(),
+ [](unsigned char c) { return static_cast<char>(to_lower(c)); });
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool equal(const std::string &a, const std::string &b) {
+ return a.size() == b.size() &&
+ std::equal(a.begin(), a.end(), b.begin(), [](char ca, char cb) {
+ return to_lower(ca) == to_lower(cb);
+ });
+}
+
+struct equal_to {
+ bool operator()(const std::string &a, const std::string &b) const {
+ return equal(a, b);
+ }
+};
+
+struct hash {
+ size_t operator()(const std::string &key) const {
+ return hash_core(key.data(), key.size(), 0);
+ }
+
+ size_t hash_core(const char *s, size_t l, size_t h) const {
+ return (l == 0) ? h
+ : hash_core(s + 1, l - 1,
+ // Unsets the 6 high bits of h, therefore no
+ // overflow happens
+ (((std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)() >> 6) &
+ h * 33) ^
+ static_cast<unsigned char>(to_lower(*s)));
+ }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+using unordered_set = std::unordered_set<T, detail::case_ignore::hash,
+ detail::case_ignore::equal_to>;
+
+} // namespace case_ignore
+
+// This is based on
+// "http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/n4189".
+
+struct scope_exit {
+ explicit scope_exit(std::function<void(void)> &&f)
+ : exit_function(std::move(f)), execute_on_destruction{true} {}
+
+ scope_exit(scope_exit &&rhs) noexcept
+ : exit_function(std::move(rhs.exit_function)),
+ execute_on_destruction{rhs.execute_on_destruction} {
+ rhs.release();
+ }
+
+ ~scope_exit() {
+ if (execute_on_destruction) { this->exit_function(); }
+ }
+
+ void release() { this->execute_on_destruction = false; }
+
+private:
+ scope_exit(const scope_exit &) = delete;
+ void operator=(const scope_exit &) = delete;
+ scope_exit &operator=(scope_exit &&) = delete;
+
+ std::function<void(void)> exit_function;
+ bool execute_on_destruction;
+};
+
+// Simple from_chars implementation for integer and double types (C++17
+// substitute)
+template <typename T> struct from_chars_result {
+ const char *ptr;
+ std::errc ec;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+inline from_chars_result<T> from_chars(const char *first, const char *last,
+ T &value, int base = 10) {
+ value = 0;
+ const char *p = first;
+ bool negative = false;
+
+ if (p != last && *p == '-') {
+ negative = true;
+ ++p;
+ }
+ if (p == last) { return {first, std::errc::invalid_argument}; }
+
+ T result = 0;
+ for (; p != last; ++p) {
+ char c = *p;
+ int digit = -1;
+ if (is_ascii_digit(c)) {
+ digit = c - '0';
+ } else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') {
+ digit = c - 'a' + 10;
+ } else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') {
+ digit = c - 'A' + 10;
+ } else {
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (digit < 0 || digit >= base) { break; }
+ if (result > ((std::numeric_limits<T>::max)() - digit) / base) {
+ return {p, std::errc::result_out_of_range};
+ }
+ result = result * base + digit;
+ }
+
+ if (p == first || (negative && p == first + 1)) {
+ return {first, std::errc::invalid_argument};
+ }
+
+ value = negative ? T(0) - result : result;
+ return {p, std::errc{}};
+}
+
+// from_chars for double (hand-written, locale-independent)
+//
+// The only double consumed by this library is the HTTP quality value, whose
+// grammar is (RFC 9110 12.4.2):
+// qvalue = ( "0" [ "." 0*3DIGIT ] ) / ( "1" [ "." 0*3("0") ] )
+// i.e. a non-negative decimal with no sign, exponent, "inf"/"nan", or wide
+// magnitude. So this parser recognizes exactly 1*DIGIT [ "." *DIGIT ] with
+// '.' always the decimal separator (std::strtod would instead read it from the
+// global C locale, mis-parsing q-values once an embedder calls
+// setlocale(LC_ALL, "") into a comma-decimal locale). The caller range-checks
+// the result to [0, 1], so inputs outside that range need not be distinguished
+// here. Allocation-free, single pass, and free of the overflow/rounding edge
+// cases that exponent and wide-range handling would introduce.
+inline from_chars_result<double> from_chars(const char *first, const char *last,
+ double &value) {
+ value = 0.0;
+ const char *p = first;
+
+ // Each 1eN is exactly representable, so a single final division by the
+ // matching entry yields a correctly-rounded result.
+ static const double powers_of_ten[] = {
+ 1e0, 1e1, 1e2, 1e3, 1e4, 1e5, 1e6, 1e7, 1e8, 1e9,
+ 1e10, 1e11, 1e12, 1e13, 1e14, 1e15, 1e16, 1e17, 1e18};
+ const int max_frac_digits =
+ static_cast<int>(sizeof(powers_of_ten) / sizeof(powers_of_ten[0])) - 1;
+
+ // Accumulate digits into a 64-bit integer and remember how many were
+ // fractional. Two independent caps keep this bounded and safe:
+ // * accumulation saturates before mantissa could overflow uint64_t, and
+ // * frac_digits is capped at max_frac_digits so it is always a valid index
+ // into powers_of_ten (without this an input like "0.000...0" would never
+ // grow mantissa, so the saturation cap alone would not bound it).
+ // Both caps only drop digits far beyond the precision a q-value needs; any
+ // value they would change is well outside [0, 1] and rejected by the caller.
+ uint64_t mantissa = 0;
+ int frac_digits = 0;
+ bool seen_digit = false;
+
+ const uint64_t limit = ((std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max)() - 9) / 10;
+ auto accumulate = [&](char c) {
+ if (mantissa <= limit) {
+ mantissa = mantissa * 10 + static_cast<uint64_t>(c - '0');
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+ };
+
+ for (; p != last && is_ascii_digit(*p); ++p) {
+ seen_digit = true;
+ accumulate(*p);
+ }
+
+ if (p != last && *p == '.') {
+ ++p;
+ for (; p != last && is_ascii_digit(*p); ++p) {
+ seen_digit = true;
+ if (frac_digits < max_frac_digits && accumulate(*p)) { ++frac_digits; }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!seen_digit) { return {first, std::errc::invalid_argument}; }
+
+ value = static_cast<double>(mantissa) / powers_of_ten[frac_digits];
+ return {p, std::errc{}};
+}
+
+inline bool parse_port(const char *s, size_t len, int &port) {
+ int val = 0;
+ auto r = from_chars(s, s + len, val);
+ if (r.ec != std::errc{} || val < 1 || val > 65535) { return false; }
+ port = val;
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool parse_port(const std::string &s, int &port) {
+ return parse_port(s.data(), s.size(), port);
+}
+
+struct UrlComponents {
+ std::string scheme;
+ std::string host;
+ std::string port;
+ std::string path;
+ std::string query;
+};
+
+inline bool parse_url(const std::string &url, UrlComponents &uc) {
+ uc = {};
+ size_t pos = 0;
+
+ auto sep = url.find("://");
+ if (sep != std::string::npos) {
+ uc.scheme = url.substr(0, sep);
+
+ // Scheme must be [a-z]+ only
+ if (uc.scheme.empty()) { return false; }
+ for (auto c : uc.scheme) {
+ if (c < 'a' || c > 'z') { return false; }
+ }
+
+ pos = sep + 3;
+ } else if (url.compare(0, 2, "//") == 0) {
+ pos = 2;
+ }
+
+ auto has_authority_prefix = pos > 0;
+ auto has_authority = has_authority_prefix || (!url.empty() && url[0] != '/' &&
+ url[0] != '?' && url[0] != '#');
+ if (has_authority) {
+ if (pos < url.size() && url[pos] == '[') {
+ auto close = url.find(']', pos);
+ if (close == std::string::npos) { return false; }
+ uc.host = url.substr(pos + 1, close - pos - 1);
+
+ // IPv6 host must be [a-fA-F0-9:]+ only
+ if (uc.host.empty()) { return false; }
+ for (auto c : uc.host) {
+ if (!(is_ascii_digit(c) || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') ||
+ (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') || c == ':')) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ pos = close + 1;
+
+ // The IPv6 literal is the whole host, so ']' must be followed by a port,
+ // path, query or fragment delimiter (or the end of input). Otherwise the
+ // trailing bytes would be folded into the path while the connection
+ // still targets the bracketed address.
+ if (pos < url.size()) {
+ auto c = url[pos];
+ if (c != ':' && c != '/' && c != '?' && c != '#') { return false; }
+ }
+ } else {
+ auto end = url.find_first_of(":/?#", pos);
+ if (end == std::string::npos) { end = url.size(); }
+ uc.host = url.substr(pos, end - pos);
+ pos = end;
+ }
+
+ if (pos < url.size() && url[pos] == ':') {
+ ++pos;
+ auto end = url.find_first_of("/?#", pos);
+ if (end == std::string::npos) { end = url.size(); }
+ uc.port = url.substr(pos, end - pos);
+ pos = end;
+ }
+
+ // Without :// or //, the entire input must be consumed as host[:port].
+ // If there is leftover (path, query, etc.), this is not a valid
+ // host[:port] string — clear and reparse as a plain path.
+ if (!has_authority_prefix && pos < url.size()) {
+ uc.host.clear();
+ uc.port.clear();
+ pos = 0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (pos < url.size() && url[pos] != '?' && url[pos] != '#') {
+ auto end = url.find_first_of("?#", pos);
+ if (end == std::string::npos) { end = url.size(); }
+ uc.path = url.substr(pos, end - pos);
+ pos = end;
+ }
+
+ if (pos < url.size() && url[pos] == '?') {
+ auto end = url.find('#', pos);
+ if (end == std::string::npos) { end = url.size(); }
+ uc.query = url.substr(pos, end - pos);
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+enum class SSLVerifierResponse {
+ // no decision has been made, use the built-in certificate verifier
+ NoDecisionMade,
+ // connection certificate is verified and accepted
+ CertificateAccepted,
+ // connection certificate was processed but is rejected
+ CertificateRejected
+};
+
+// System CA loading policy for SSL clients. Auto (the default) loads system
+// CA certs only when no custom CA is configured; enable_system_ca() switches
+// to an explicit policy.
+enum class SystemCAMode { Auto, Enabled, Disabled };
+
+enum StatusCode {
+ // Information responses
+ Continue_100 = 100,
+ SwitchingProtocol_101 = 101,
+ Processing_102 = 102,
+ EarlyHints_103 = 103,
+
+ // Successful responses
+ OK_200 = 200,
+ Created_201 = 201,
+ Accepted_202 = 202,
+ NonAuthoritativeInformation_203 = 203,
+ NoContent_204 = 204,
+ ResetContent_205 = 205,
+ PartialContent_206 = 206,
+ MultiStatus_207 = 207,
+ AlreadyReported_208 = 208,
+ IMUsed_226 = 226,
+
+ // Redirection messages
+ MultipleChoices_300 = 300,
+ MovedPermanently_301 = 301,
+ Found_302 = 302,
+ SeeOther_303 = 303,
+ NotModified_304 = 304,
+ UseProxy_305 = 305,
+ unused_306 = 306,
+ TemporaryRedirect_307 = 307,
+ PermanentRedirect_308 = 308,
+
+ // Client error responses
+ BadRequest_400 = 400,
+ Unauthorized_401 = 401,
+ PaymentRequired_402 = 402,
+ Forbidden_403 = 403,
+ NotFound_404 = 404,
+ MethodNotAllowed_405 = 405,
+ NotAcceptable_406 = 406,
+ ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407 = 407,
+ RequestTimeout_408 = 408,
+ Conflict_409 = 409,
+ Gone_410 = 410,
+ LengthRequired_411 = 411,
+ PreconditionFailed_412 = 412,
+ PayloadTooLarge_413 = 413,
+ UriTooLong_414 = 414,
+ UnsupportedMediaType_415 = 415,
+ RangeNotSatisfiable_416 = 416,
+ ExpectationFailed_417 = 417,
+ ImATeapot_418 = 418,
+ MisdirectedRequest_421 = 421,
+ UnprocessableContent_422 = 422,
+ Locked_423 = 423,
+ FailedDependency_424 = 424,
+ TooEarly_425 = 425,
+ UpgradeRequired_426 = 426,
+ PreconditionRequired_428 = 428,
+ TooManyRequests_429 = 429,
+ RequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge_431 = 431,
+ UnavailableForLegalReasons_451 = 451,
+
+ // Server error responses
+ InternalServerError_500 = 500,
+ NotImplemented_501 = 501,
+ BadGateway_502 = 502,
+ ServiceUnavailable_503 = 503,
+ GatewayTimeout_504 = 504,
+ HttpVersionNotSupported_505 = 505,
+ VariantAlsoNegotiates_506 = 506,
+ InsufficientStorage_507 = 507,
+ LoopDetected_508 = 508,
+ NotExtended_510 = 510,
+ NetworkAuthenticationRequired_511 = 511,
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// A multimap that keeps its entries in the order they were inserted.
+//
+// HTTP needs that order in two places. RFC 9110 5.3 makes the order of header
+// fields sharing a field name significant and forbids a proxy from reordering
+// them, and a query string's parameters are meaningful in the order the caller
+// wrote them. Neither standard container expresses it: std::unordered_multimap
+// gives no ordering guarantee at all for equivalent keys (libstdc++ yields
+// reverse insertion order, libc++ insertion order), and std::multimap sorts by
+// key, which would drop control data such as Host behind whatever else the
+// message carries and alphabetise a query string.
+//
+// Entries are therefore kept in a flat vector, in order. Lookup is a linear
+// scan, which beats hashing for the handful of entries a message carries
+// (headers are capped at CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT).
+//
+// KeyEqual compares keys; it is what makes Headers case-insensitive and
+// Params, whose parameter names are case-sensitive, not.
+template <typename Mapped, typename KeyEqual> class insertion_ordered_multimap {
+public:
+ using key_type = std::string;
+ using mapped_type = Mapped;
+ using value_type = std::pair<std::string, Mapped>;
+ using size_type = std::size_t;
+ using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+ using reference = value_type &;
+ using const_reference = const value_type &;
+
+private:
+ static size_type npos() { return static_cast<size_type>(-1); }
+
+ static bool keys_equal(const std::string &a, const std::string &b) {
+ return KeyEqual()(a, b);
+ }
+
+ // Iterating yields every entry in insertion order, but equal_range() and
+ // find() have to walk only the entries sharing one key, which are not
+ // adjacent. Both are the same iterator type: key_idx_ selects between the
+ // two traversals, and since equality compares only the position, an iterator
+ // restricted to one key still compares equal to end().
+ template <typename V> class iterator_t {
+ public:
+ using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
+ using value_type = insertion_ordered_multimap::value_type;
+ using difference_type = insertion_ordered_multimap::difference_type;
+ using pointer = V *;
+ using reference = V &;
+
+ iterator_t() : data_(nullptr), idx_(0), size_(0), key_idx_(npos()) {}
+
+ template <typename U,
+ typename std::enable_if<std::is_convertible<U *, V *>::value,
+ int>::type = 0>
+ iterator_t(const iterator_t<U> &rhs)
+ : data_(rhs.data_), idx_(rhs.idx_), size_(rhs.size_),
+ key_idx_(rhs.key_idx_) {}
+
+ reference operator*() const { return data_[idx_]; }
+ pointer operator->() const { return data_ + idx_; }
+
+ iterator_t &operator++() {
+ // Saturating, so that advancing past the last entry of a key (which
+ // get_multimap_value() does when asked for an out-of-range id) stays at
+ // end() instead of running off the container.
+ if (idx_ >= size_) { return *this; }
+ ++idx_;
+ if (key_idx_ != npos()) {
+ while (idx_ < size_ && !matches(idx_)) {
+ ++idx_;
+ }
+ }
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ iterator_t operator++(int) {
+ auto tmp = *this;
+ ++*this;
+ return tmp;
+ }
+
+ iterator_t &operator--() {
+ if (idx_ == 0) { return *this; }
+ --idx_;
+ if (key_idx_ != npos()) {
+ while (idx_ > 0 && !matches(idx_)) {
+ --idx_;
+ }
+ }
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ iterator_t operator--(int) {
+ auto tmp = *this;
+ --*this;
+ return tmp;
+ }
+
+ template <typename U> bool operator==(const iterator_t<U> &rhs) const {
+ return idx_ == rhs.idx_;
+ }
+
+ template <typename U> bool operator!=(const iterator_t<U> &rhs) const {
+ return idx_ != rhs.idx_;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ friend class insertion_ordered_multimap;
+ template <typename> friend class iterator_t;
+
+ iterator_t(V *data, size_type idx, size_type size, size_type key_idx)
+ : data_(data), idx_(idx), size_(size), key_idx_(key_idx) {}
+
+ bool matches(size_type i) const {
+ return keys_equal(data_[i].first, data_[key_idx_].first);
+ }
+
+ V *data_;
+ size_type idx_;
+ size_type size_;
+ size_type key_idx_;
+ };
+
+public:
+ using iterator = iterator_t<value_type>;
+ using const_iterator = iterator_t<const value_type>;
+
+ insertion_ordered_multimap() = default;
+ insertion_ordered_multimap(std::initializer_list<value_type> il)
+ : entries_(il) {}
+ template <typename InputIt>
+ insertion_ordered_multimap(InputIt first, InputIt last)
+ : entries_(first, last) {}
+
+ iterator begin() { return make_iter(0, npos()); }
+ iterator end() { return make_iter(entries_.size(), npos()); }
+ const_iterator begin() const { return make_citer(0, npos()); }
+ const_iterator end() const { return make_citer(entries_.size(), npos()); }
+ const_iterator cbegin() const { return begin(); }
+ const_iterator cend() const { return end(); }
+
+ bool empty() const { return entries_.empty(); }
+ size_type size() const { return entries_.size(); }
+ void clear() { entries_.clear(); }
+ void swap(insertion_ordered_multimap &rhs) { entries_.swap(rhs.entries_); }
+
+ iterator insert(const value_type &val) {
+ entries_.push_back(val);
+ return make_iter(entries_.size() - 1, npos());
+ }
+
+ iterator insert(value_type &&val) {
+ entries_.push_back(std::move(val));
+ return make_iter(entries_.size() - 1, npos());
+ }
+
+ template <typename... Args> iterator emplace(Args &&...args) {
+ entries_.emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+ return make_iter(entries_.size() - 1, npos());
+ }
+
+ // For entries that have to lead the message, such as the Host header field
+ // (RFC 9110 5.3 recommends sending control data first).
+ template <typename... Args> iterator emplace_front(Args &&...args) {
+ entries_.emplace(entries_.begin(), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+ return make_iter(0, npos());
+ }
+
+ iterator find(const std::string &key) {
+ auto i = index_of(key);
+ return i == npos() ? end() : make_iter(i, i);
+ }
+
+ const_iterator find(const std::string &key) const {
+ auto i = index_of(key);
+ return i == npos() ? end() : make_citer(i, i);
+ }
+
+ size_type count(const std::string &key) const {
+ size_type n = 0;
+ for (const auto &entry : entries_) {
+ if (keys_equal(entry.first, key)) { n++; }
+ }
+ return n;
+ }
+
+ std::pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const std::string &key) {
+ auto i = index_of(key);
+ return i == npos() ? std::make_pair(end(), end())
+ : std::make_pair(make_iter(i, i), end());
+ }
+
+ std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
+ equal_range(const std::string &key) const {
+ auto i = index_of(key);
+ return i == npos() ? std::make_pair(end(), end())
+ : std::make_pair(make_citer(i, i), end());
+ }
+
+ size_type erase(const std::string &key) {
+ auto before = entries_.size();
+ entries_.erase(std::remove_if(entries_.begin(), entries_.end(),
+ [&](const value_type &entry) {
+ return keys_equal(entry.first, key);
+ }),
+ entries_.end());
+ return before - entries_.size();
+ }
+
+ iterator erase(const_iterator pos) {
+ entries_.erase(entries_.begin() + static_cast<difference_type>(pos.idx_));
+ return make_iter(pos.idx_, npos());
+ }
+
+ // Erases what iterating [first, last) would actually visit, so erasing an
+ // equal_range() removes only the entries with that key, not everything
+ // positioned between them.
+ iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) {
+ auto from = first.idx_;
+ auto to = last.idx_;
+ if (from >= to) { return make_iter(from, npos()); }
+
+ auto begin_it = entries_.begin();
+ auto from_it = begin_it + static_cast<difference_type>(from);
+ auto to_it = begin_it + static_cast<difference_type>(to);
+
+ if (first.key_idx_ == npos()) {
+ entries_.erase(from_it, to_it);
+ } else {
+ auto key = entries_[first.key_idx_].first;
+ auto keep = from_it;
+ for (auto it = from_it; it != to_it; ++it) {
+ if (!keys_equal(it->first, key)) {
+ if (keep != it) { *keep = std::move(*it); }
+ ++keep;
+ }
+ }
+ if (keep != to_it) {
+ keep = std::move(to_it, entries_.end(), keep);
+ } else {
+ keep = entries_.end();
+ }
+ entries_.erase(keep, entries_.end());
+ }
+ return make_iter(from, npos());
+ }
+
+ friend bool operator==(const insertion_ordered_multimap &lhs,
+ const insertion_ordered_multimap &rhs) {
+ return lhs.entries_ == rhs.entries_;
+ }
+
+ friend bool operator!=(const insertion_ordered_multimap &lhs,
+ const insertion_ordered_multimap &rhs) {
+ return !(lhs == rhs);
+ }
+
+private:
+ size_type index_of(const std::string &key) const {
+ for (size_type i = 0; i < entries_.size(); i++) {
+ if (keys_equal(entries_[i].first, key)) { return i; }
+ }
+ return npos();
+ }
+
+ iterator make_iter(size_type idx, size_type key_idx) {
+ return iterator(entries_.data(), idx, entries_.size(), key_idx);
+ }
+
+ const_iterator make_citer(size_type idx, size_type key_idx) const {
+ return const_iterator(entries_.data(), idx, entries_.size(), key_idx);
+ }
+
+ std::vector<value_type> entries_;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+using Headers =
+ detail::insertion_ordered_multimap<std::string,
+ detail::case_ignore::equal_to>;
+
+// Query parameter names are case-sensitive, unlike header field names.
+using Params =
+ detail::insertion_ordered_multimap<std::string, std::equal_to<std::string>>;
+using Match = std::smatch;
+
+using DownloadProgress = std::function<bool(size_t current, size_t total)>;
+using UploadProgress = std::function<bool(size_t current, size_t total)>;
+
+/*
+ * detail: type-erased storage used by UserData.
+ * ABI-stable regardless of C++ standard — always uses this custom
+ * implementation instead of std::any.
+ */
+namespace detail {
+
+using any_type_id = const void *;
+
+template <typename T> any_type_id any_typeid() noexcept {
+ static const char id = 0;
+ return &id;
+}
+
+struct any_storage {
+ virtual ~any_storage() = default;
+ virtual std::unique_ptr<any_storage> clone() const = 0;
+ virtual any_type_id type_id() const noexcept = 0;
+};
+
+template <typename T> struct any_value final : any_storage {
+ T value;
+ template <typename U> explicit any_value(U &&v) : value(std::forward<U>(v)) {}
+ std::unique_ptr<any_storage> clone() const override {
+ return std::unique_ptr<any_storage>(new any_value<T>(value));
+ }
+ any_type_id type_id() const noexcept override { return any_typeid<T>(); }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+class UserData {
+public:
+ UserData() = default;
+ UserData(UserData &&) noexcept = default;
+ UserData &operator=(UserData &&) noexcept = default;
+
+ UserData(const UserData &o) {
+ for (const auto &e : o.entries_) {
+ if (e.second) { entries_[e.first] = e.second->clone(); }
+ }
+ }
+
+ UserData &operator=(const UserData &o) {
+ if (this != &o) {
+ entries_.clear();
+ for (const auto &e : o.entries_) {
+ if (e.second) { entries_[e.first] = e.second->clone(); }
+ }
+ }
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ template <typename T> void set(const std::string &key, T &&value) {
+ using D = typename std::decay<T>::type;
+ entries_[key].reset(new detail::any_value<D>(std::forward<T>(value)));
+ }
+
+ template <typename T> T *get(const std::string &key) noexcept {
+ auto it = entries_.find(key);
+ if (it == entries_.end() || !it->second) { return nullptr; }
+ if (it->second->type_id() != detail::any_typeid<T>()) { return nullptr; }
+ return &static_cast<detail::any_value<T> *>(it->second.get())->value;
+ }
+
+ template <typename T> const T *get(const std::string &key) const noexcept {
+ auto it = entries_.find(key);
+ if (it == entries_.end() || !it->second) { return nullptr; }
+ if (it->second->type_id() != detail::any_typeid<T>()) { return nullptr; }
+ return &static_cast<const detail::any_value<T> *>(it->second.get())->value;
+ }
+
+ bool has(const std::string &key) const noexcept {
+ return entries_.find(key) != entries_.end();
+ }
+
+ void erase(const std::string &key) { entries_.erase(key); }
+
+ void clear() noexcept { entries_.clear(); }
+
+private:
+ std::unordered_map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<detail::any_storage>>
+ entries_;
+};
+
+struct Response;
+using ResponseHandler = std::function<bool(const Response &response)>;
+
+struct FormData {
+ std::string name;
+ std::string content;
+ std::string filename;
+ std::string content_type;
+ Headers headers;
+};
+
+struct FormField {
+ std::string name;
+ std::string content;
+ Headers headers;
+};
+// RFC 7578 5.2: a form processor "SHOULD send back results in order" and
+// "Intermediaries MUST NOT reorder the results", so a handler walking these
+// should see the parts as they were sent. A std::multimap sorts by field name
+// and loses that. Field names are case-sensitive, hence std::equal_to rather
+// than the case-insensitive predicate Headers uses.
+using FormFields =
+ detail::insertion_ordered_multimap<FormField, std::equal_to<std::string>>;
+
+using FormFiles =
+ detail::insertion_ordered_multimap<FormData, std::equal_to<std::string>>;
+
+struct MultipartFormData {
+ FormFields fields; // Text fields from multipart
+ FormFiles files; // Files from multipart
+
+ // Text field access
+ std::string get_field(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
+ std::vector<std::string> get_fields(const std::string &key) const;
+ bool has_field(const std::string &key) const;
+ size_t get_field_count(const std::string &key) const;
+
+ // File access
+ FormData get_file(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
+ std::vector<FormData> get_files(const std::string &key) const;
+ bool has_file(const std::string &key) const;
+ size_t get_file_count(const std::string &key) const;
+};
+
+struct UploadFormData {
+ std::string name;
+ std::string content;
+ std::string filename;
+ std::string content_type;
+};
+using UploadFormDataItems = std::vector<UploadFormData>;
+
+class DataSink {
+public:
+ DataSink() : os(&sb_), sb_(*this) {}
+
+ DataSink(const DataSink &) = delete;
+ DataSink &operator=(const DataSink &) = delete;
+ DataSink(DataSink &&) = delete;
+ DataSink &operator=(DataSink &&) = delete;
+
+ std::function<bool(const char *data, size_t data_len)> write;
+
+ // Only `write` is mandatory. The rest are defaulted so that a provider
+ // calling one on a writer that does not set it gets sensible behaviour
+ // rather than std::bad_function_call thrown from a worker thread. Capturing
+ // `this` is safe: DataSink is neither copyable nor movable.
+ std::function<bool()> is_writable = []() { return true; };
+ std::function<void()> done = []() {};
+ std::function<void(const Headers &trailer)> done_with_trailer =
+ [this](const Headers & /*trailer*/) { done(); };
+
+ std::ostream os;
+
+private:
+ class data_sink_streambuf final : public std::streambuf {
+ public:
+ explicit data_sink_streambuf(DataSink &sink) : sink_(sink) {}
+
+ protected:
+ std::streamsize xsputn(const char *s, std::streamsize n) override {
+ if (sink_.write(s, static_cast<size_t>(n))) { return n; }
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ DataSink &sink_;
+ };
+
+ data_sink_streambuf sb_;
+};
+
+using ContentProvider =
+ std::function<bool(size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink)>;
+
+using ContentProviderWithoutLength =
+ std::function<bool(size_t offset, DataSink &sink)>;
+
+using ContentProviderResourceReleaser = std::function<void(bool success)>;
+
+struct FormDataProvider {
+ std::string name;
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength provider;
+ std::string filename;
+ std::string content_type;
+};
+using FormDataProviderItems = std::vector<FormDataProvider>;
+
+inline FormDataProvider
+make_file_provider(const std::string &name, const std::string &filepath,
+ const std::string &filename = std::string(),
+ const std::string &content_type = std::string()) {
+ FormDataProvider fdp;
+ fdp.name = name;
+ fdp.filename = filename.empty() ? filepath : filename;
+ fdp.content_type = content_type;
+ fdp.provider = [filepath](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
+ std::ifstream f(filepath, std::ios::binary);
+ if (!f) { return false; }
+ if (offset > 0) {
+ f.seekg(static_cast<std::streamoff>(offset));
+ if (!f.good()) {
+ sink.done();
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ char buf[8192];
+ f.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
+ auto n = static_cast<size_t>(f.gcount());
+ if (n > 0) { return sink.write(buf, n); }
+ sink.done(); // EOF
+ return true;
+ };
+ return fdp;
+}
+
+inline std::pair<size_t, ContentProvider>
+make_file_body(const std::string &filepath) {
+ size_t size = 0;
+ {
+ std::ifstream f(filepath, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
+ if (!f) { return {0, ContentProvider{}}; }
+ size = static_cast<size_t>(f.tellg());
+ }
+
+ ContentProvider provider = [filepath](size_t offset, size_t length,
+ DataSink &sink) -> bool {
+ std::ifstream f(filepath, std::ios::binary);
+ if (!f) { return false; }
+ f.seekg(static_cast<std::streamoff>(offset));
+ if (!f.good()) { return false; }
+ char buf[8192];
+ while (length > 0) {
+ auto to_read = (std::min)(sizeof(buf), length);
+ f.read(buf, static_cast<std::streamsize>(to_read));
+ auto n = static_cast<size_t>(f.gcount());
+ // The file is shorter than the size make_file_body() measured, which the
+ // caller has already committed to as Content-Length. The body cannot be
+ // completed, so fail as every other error here does.
+ if (n == 0) { return false; }
+ if (!sink.write(buf, n)) { return false; }
+ length -= n;
+ }
+ return true;
+ };
+ return {size, std::move(provider)};
+}
+
+using ContentReceiverWithProgress = std::function<bool(
+ const char *data, size_t data_length, size_t offset, size_t total_length)>;
+
+using ContentReceiver =
+ std::function<bool(const char *data, size_t data_length)>;
+
+using FormDataHeader = std::function<bool(const FormData &file)>;
+
+class ContentReader {
+public:
+ using Reader = std::function<bool(ContentReceiver receiver)>;
+ using FormDataReader =
+ std::function<bool(FormDataHeader header, ContentReceiver receiver)>;
+
+ ContentReader(Reader reader, FormDataReader multipart_reader)
+ : reader_(std::move(reader)),
+ formdata_reader_(std::move(multipart_reader)) {}
+
+ bool operator()(FormDataHeader header, ContentReceiver receiver) const {
+ return formdata_reader_(std::move(header), std::move(receiver));
+ }
+
+ bool operator()(ContentReceiver receiver) const {
+ return reader_(std::move(receiver));
+ }
+
+ Reader reader_;
+ FormDataReader formdata_reader_;
+};
+
+using Range = std::pair<ssize_t, ssize_t>;
+using Ranges = std::vector<Range>;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+// TLS abstraction layer - public type definitions and API
+namespace tls {
+
+// Opaque handles (defined as void* for abstraction)
+using ctx_t = void *;
+using session_t = void *;
+using const_session_t = const void *; // For read-only session access
+using cert_t = void *;
+using ca_store_t = void *;
+
+// TLS versions
+enum class Version {
+ TLS1_2 = 0x0303,
+ TLS1_3 = 0x0304,
+};
+
+// Subject Alternative Names (SAN) entry types
+enum class SanType { DNS, IP, EMAIL, URI, OTHER };
+
+// SAN entry structure
+struct SanEntry {
+ SanType type;
+ std::string value;
+};
+
+// Verification context for certificate verification callback
+struct VerifyContext {
+ session_t session; // TLS session handle
+ cert_t cert; // Current certificate being verified
+ int depth; // Certificate chain depth (0 = leaf)
+ bool preverify_ok; // OpenSSL/Mbed TLS pre-verification result
+ long error_code; // Backend-specific error code (0 = no error)
+ const char *error_string; // Human-readable error description
+
+ // Certificate introspection methods
+ std::string subject_cn() const;
+ std::string issuer_name() const;
+ bool check_hostname(const char *hostname) const;
+ std::vector<SanEntry> sans() const;
+ bool validity(time_t &not_before, time_t &not_after) const;
+ std::string serial() const;
+};
+
+using VerifyCallback = std::function<bool(const VerifyContext &ctx)>;
+
+// TlsError codes for TLS operations (backend-independent)
+enum class ErrorCode : int {
+ Success = 0,
+ WantRead, // Non-blocking: need to wait for read
+ WantWrite, // Non-blocking: need to wait for write
+ PeerClosed, // Peer closed the connection
+ Fatal, // Unrecoverable error
+ SyscallError, // System call error (check sys_errno)
+ CertVerifyFailed, // Certificate verification failed
+ HostnameMismatch, // Hostname verification failed
+};
+
+// TLS error information
+struct TlsError {
+ ErrorCode code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ uint64_t backend_code = 0; // OpenSSL: ERR_get_error(), mbedTLS: return value
+ int sys_errno = 0; // errno when SyscallError
+
+ // Convert verification error code to human-readable string
+ static std::string verify_error_to_string(long error_code);
+};
+
+// RAII wrapper for peer certificate
+class PeerCert {
+public:
+ PeerCert();
+ PeerCert(PeerCert &&other) noexcept;
+ PeerCert &operator=(PeerCert &&other) noexcept;
+ ~PeerCert();
+
+ PeerCert(const PeerCert &) = delete;
+ PeerCert &operator=(const PeerCert &) = delete;
+
+ explicit operator bool() const;
+ std::string subject_cn() const;
+ std::string issuer_name() const;
+ bool check_hostname(const char *hostname) const;
+ std::vector<SanEntry> sans() const;
+ bool validity(time_t &not_before, time_t &not_after) const;
+ std::string serial() const;
+
+private:
+ explicit PeerCert(cert_t cert);
+ cert_t cert_ = nullptr;
+ friend PeerCert get_peer_cert_from_session(const_session_t session);
+};
+
+// Callback for TLS context setup (used by SSLServer constructor)
+using ContextSetupCallback = std::function<bool(ctx_t ctx)>;
+
+} // namespace tls
+#endif
+
+struct Request {
+ std::string method;
+ std::string path;
+ std::string matched_route;
+ Params params;
+ Headers headers;
+ Headers trailers;
+ std::string body;
+
+ std::string remote_addr;
+ int remote_port = -1;
+ std::string local_addr;
+ int local_port = -1;
+
+ // for server
+ std::string version;
+ std::string target;
+ MultipartFormData form;
+ Ranges ranges;
+ Match matches;
+ std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> path_params;
+ std::function<bool()> is_connection_closed = []() { return true; };
+
+ // for client
+ std::vector<std::string> accept_content_types;
+ ResponseHandler response_handler;
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress content_receiver;
+ DownloadProgress download_progress;
+ UploadProgress upload_progress;
+
+ bool has_header(const std::string &key) const;
+ std::string get_header_value(const std::string &key, const char *def = "",
+ size_t id = 0) const;
+ size_t get_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def = 0,
+ size_t id = 0) const;
+ size_t get_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const;
+ void set_header(const std::string &key, const std::string &val);
+
+ bool has_trailer(const std::string &key) const;
+ std::string get_trailer_value(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
+ size_t get_trailer_value_count(const std::string &key) const;
+
+ bool has_param(const std::string &key) const;
+ std::string get_param_value(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
+ std::vector<std::string> get_param_values(const std::string &key) const;
+ size_t get_param_value_count(const std::string &key) const;
+
+ bool is_multipart_form_data() const;
+
+ // private members...
+ bool body_consumed_ = false;
+ size_t redirect_count_ = CPPHTTPLIB_REDIRECT_MAX_COUNT;
+ size_t content_length_ = 0;
+ ContentProvider content_provider_;
+ bool is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
+ size_t authorization_count_ = 0;
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_ =
+ (std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min)();
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ tls::const_session_t ssl = nullptr;
+ tls::PeerCert peer_cert() const;
+ std::string sni() const;
+#endif
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// Declared up here, away from the rest of the compression helpers, because
+// `Response` stores one.
+enum class EncodingType { None = 0, Gzip, Brotli, Zstd };
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+struct Response {
+ std::string version;
+ int status = -1;
+ std::string reason;
+ Headers headers;
+ Headers trailers;
+ std::string body;
+ std::string location; // Redirect location
+
+ // User-defined context — set by pre-routing/pre-request handlers and read
+ // by route handlers to pass arbitrary data (e.g. decoded auth tokens).
+ UserData user_data;
+
+ bool has_header(const std::string &key) const;
+ std::string get_header_value(const std::string &key, const char *def = "",
+ size_t id = 0) const;
+ size_t get_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def = 0,
+ size_t id = 0) const;
+ size_t get_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const;
+ void set_header(const std::string &key, const std::string &val);
+
+ bool has_trailer(const std::string &key) const;
+ std::string get_trailer_value(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
+ size_t get_trailer_value_count(const std::string &key) const;
+
+ void set_redirect(const std::string &url, int status = StatusCode::Found_302);
+ void set_content(const char *s, size_t n, const std::string &content_type);
+ void set_content(const std::string &s, const std::string &content_type);
+ void set_content(std::string &&s, const std::string &content_type);
+
+ void set_content_provider(
+ size_t length, const std::string &content_type, ContentProvider provider,
+ ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser = nullptr);
+
+ void set_content_provider(
+ const std::string &content_type, ContentProviderWithoutLength provider,
+ ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser = nullptr);
+
+ void set_chunked_content_provider(
+ const std::string &content_type, ContentProviderWithoutLength provider,
+ ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser = nullptr);
+
+ void set_file_content(const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &content_type);
+ void set_file_content(const std::string &path);
+
+ Response() = default;
+ Response(const Response &) = default;
+ Response &operator=(const Response &) = default;
+ Response(Response &&) = default;
+ Response &operator=(Response &&) = default;
+ ~Response() {
+ if (content_provider_resource_releaser_) {
+ content_provider_resource_releaser_(content_provider_success_);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // private members...
+ size_t content_length_ = 0;
+ ContentProvider content_provider_;
+ ContentProviderResourceReleaser content_provider_resource_releaser_;
+ bool is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
+ bool content_provider_success_ = false;
+ std::string file_content_path_;
+ std::string file_content_content_type_;
+
+ // Content coding chosen for the response body, decided once so that the
+ // headers and the body cannot disagree: where the file is opened for a
+ // file-backed content provider (keeping the ETag honest), and in
+ // `apply_ranges()` for a chunked content provider. `EncodingType::None`
+ // for every other kind of response.
+ detail::EncodingType content_coding_ = detail::EncodingType::None;
+};
+
+enum class Error {
+ Success = 0,
+ Unknown,
+ Connection,
+ BindIPAddress,
+ Read,
+ Write,
+ ExceedRedirectCount,
+ Canceled,
+ SSLConnection,
+ SSLLoadingCerts,
+ SSLServerVerification,
+ SSLServerHostnameVerification,
+ UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars,
+ Compression,
+ ConnectionTimeout,
+ ProxyConnection,
+ ConnectionClosed,
+ Timeout,
+ ResourceExhaustion,
+ TooManyFormDataFiles,
+ ExceedMaxPayloadSize,
+ ExceedUriMaxLength,
+ ExceedMaxSocketDescriptorCount,
+ InvalidRequestLine,
+ InvalidHTTPMethod,
+ InvalidHTTPVersion,
+ InvalidHeaders,
+ MultipartParsing,
+ OpenFile,
+ Listen,
+ GetSockName,
+ UnsupportedAddressFamily,
+ HTTPParsing,
+ InvalidRangeHeader,
+ UnsupportedContentEncoding,
+ WebSocketHandshake,
+ UserCallbackException,
+
+ // For internal use only
+ SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_,
+};
+
+std::string to_string(Error error);
+
+std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Error &obj);
+
+class Stream {
+public:
+ virtual ~Stream() = default;
+
+ virtual bool is_readable() const = 0;
+ virtual bool wait_readable() const = 0;
+ virtual bool wait_writable() const = 0;
+ virtual bool is_peer_alive() const { return wait_writable(); }
+
+ virtual ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) = 0;
+ virtual ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) = 0;
+ virtual void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const = 0;
+ virtual void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const = 0;
+ virtual socket_t socket() const = 0;
+
+ virtual time_t duration() const = 0;
+
+ virtual void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0) {
+ (void)sec;
+ (void)usec;
+ }
+
+ // Bytes already pulled off the socket and sitting in this stream's own
+ // buffer. Exposing them lets a line reader scan for a terminator in one
+ // pass instead of asking for a byte at a time. A stream that does no
+ // buffering of its own reports none, and readers fall back to read().
+ virtual const char *buffered_data(size_t &size) const {
+ size = 0;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ // Discards `size` bytes previously returned by buffered_data().
+ virtual void consume_buffered(size_t size) { (void)size; }
+
+ ssize_t write(const char *ptr);
+ ssize_t write(const std::string &s);
+
+ Error get_error() const { return error_; }
+
+protected:
+ Error error_ = Error::Success;
+};
+
+class TaskQueue {
+public:
+ TaskQueue() = default;
+ virtual ~TaskQueue() = default;
+
+ virtual bool enqueue(std::function<void()> fn) = 0;
+ virtual void shutdown() = 0;
+
+ virtual void on_idle() {}
+};
+
+class ThreadPool final : public TaskQueue {
+public:
+ explicit ThreadPool(
+ size_t n, size_t max_n = 0, size_t mqr = 0,
+ time_t idle_timeout_sec = CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT);
+ ThreadPool(const ThreadPool &) = delete;
+ ~ThreadPool() override = default;
+
+ bool enqueue(std::function<void()> fn) override;
+ void shutdown() override;
+
+private:
+ void worker(bool is_dynamic);
+ void move_to_finished(std::thread::id id);
+ void cleanup_finished_threads();
+
+ size_t base_thread_count_;
+ size_t max_thread_count_;
+ size_t max_queued_requests_;
+ time_t idle_timeout_sec_;
+ size_t idle_thread_count_;
+
+ bool shutdown_;
+
+ std::list<std::function<void()>> jobs_;
+ std::vector<std::thread> threads_; // base threads
+ std::list<std::thread> dynamic_threads_; // dynamic threads
+ std::vector<std::thread>
+ finished_threads_; // exited dynamic threads awaiting join
+
+ std::condition_variable cond_;
+ std::mutex mutex_;
+};
+
+using Logger = std::function<void(const Request &, const Response &)>;
+
+// Forward declaration for Error type
+enum class Error;
+using ErrorLogger = std::function<void(const Error &, const Request *)>;
+
+using SocketOptions = std::function<void(socket_t sock)>;
+
+void default_socket_options(socket_t sock);
+
+bool set_socket_opt(socket_t sock, int level, int optname, int optval);
+
+const char *status_message(int status);
+
+std::string to_string(Error error);
+
+std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Error &obj);
+
+std::string get_bearer_token_auth(const Request &req);
+
+namespace detail {
+
+class MatcherBase {
+public:
+ MatcherBase(std::string pattern) : pattern_(std::move(pattern)) {}
+ virtual ~MatcherBase() = default;
+
+ const std::string &pattern() const { return pattern_; }
+
+ // Match request path and populate its matches and
+ virtual bool match(Request &request) const = 0;
+
+private:
+ std::string pattern_;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Captures parameters in request path and stores them in Request::path_params
+ *
+ * Capture name is a substring of a pattern from : to /.
+ * The rest of the pattern is matched against the request path directly
+ * Parameters are captured starting from the next character after
+ * the end of the last matched static pattern fragment until the next /.
+ *
+ * Example pattern:
+ * "/path/fragments/:capture/more/fragments/:second_capture"
+ * Static fragments:
+ * "/path/fragments/", "more/fragments/"
+ *
+ * Given the following request path:
+ * "/path/fragments/:1/more/fragments/:2"
+ * the resulting capture will be
+ * {{"capture", "1"}, {"second_capture", "2"}}
+ */
+class PathParamsMatcher final : public MatcherBase {
+public:
+ PathParamsMatcher(const std::string &pattern);
+
+ bool match(Request &request) const override;
+
+private:
+ // Treat segment separators as the end of path parameter capture
+ // Does not need to handle query parameters as they are parsed before path
+ // matching
+ static constexpr char separator = '/';
+
+ // Contains static path fragments to match against, excluding the '/' after
+ // path params
+ // Fragments are separated by path params
+ std::vector<std::string> static_fragments_;
+ // Stores the names of the path parameters to be used as keys in the
+ // Request::path_params map
+ std::vector<std::string> param_names_;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Performs std::regex_match on request path
+ * and stores the result in Request::matches
+ *
+ * Note that regex match is performed directly on the whole request.
+ * This means that wildcard patterns may match multiple path segments with /:
+ * "/begin/(.*)/end" will match both "/begin/middle/end" and "/begin/1/2/end".
+ */
+class RegexMatcher final : public MatcherBase {
+public:
+ RegexMatcher(const std::string &pattern)
+ : MatcherBase(pattern), regex_(pattern) {}
+
+ bool match(Request &request) const override;
+
+private:
+ std::regex regex_;
+};
+
+int close_socket(socket_t sock) noexcept;
+
+bool is_accept_resource_error();
+
+bool is_accept_transient_error();
+
+ssize_t write_headers(Stream &strm, const Headers &headers);
+
+bool set_socket_opt_time(socket_t sock, int level, int optname, time_t sec,
+ time_t usec);
+
+size_t get_multipart_content_length(const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary);
+
+ContentProvider
+make_multipart_content_provider(const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary);
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+bool is_valid_multipart_boundary(const std::string &boundary);
+
+// Serializer for multipart/form-data request bodies. The boundary is owned
+// by the writer so that per-part framing and the final terminator always
+// agree. Field names and filenames are escaped following the WHATWG HTML
+// standard ('"' -> %22, CR -> %0D, LF -> %0A); CR and LF are also escaped
+// in content types.
+class MultipartFormDataWriter {
+public:
+ MultipartFormDataWriter();
+ // precondition: is_valid_multipart_boundary(boundary)
+ explicit MultipartFormDataWriter(std::string boundary);
+
+ const std::string &boundary() const;
+ std::string content_type() const;
+
+ // In-memory items -> whole body (known length)
+ std::string serialize(const UploadFormDataItems &items) const;
+ size_t content_length(const UploadFormDataItems &items) const;
+
+ // Per-part framing for streaming via a content provider
+ std::string item_begin(const UploadFormData &item) const;
+ static std::string item_end();
+ std::string finish() const;
+
+private:
+ std::string boundary_;
+};
+
+class Server {
+public:
+ using Handler = std::function<void(const Request &, Response &)>;
+
+ using ExceptionHandler =
+ std::function<void(const Request &, Response &, std::exception_ptr ep)>;
+
+ enum class HandlerResponse {
+ Handled,
+ Unhandled,
+ };
+ using HandlerWithResponse =
+ std::function<HandlerResponse(const Request &, Response &)>;
+
+ using HandlerWithContentReader = std::function<void(
+ const Request &, Response &, const ContentReader &content_reader)>;
+
+ using Expect100ContinueHandler =
+ std::function<int(const Request &, Response &)>;
+
+ using StartHandler = std::function<void()>;
+
+ using WebSocketHandler =
+ std::function<void(const Request &, ws::WebSocket &)>;
+ using SubProtocolSelector =
+ std::function<std::string(const std::vector<std::string> &protocols)>;
+
+ Server();
+
+ virtual ~Server();
+
+ virtual bool is_valid() const;
+
+ Server &Get(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
+ Server &Post(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
+ Server &Post(const std::string &pattern, HandlerWithContentReader handler);
+ Server &Put(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
+ Server &Put(const std::string &pattern, HandlerWithContentReader handler);
+ Server &Patch(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
+ Server &Patch(const std::string &pattern, HandlerWithContentReader handler);
+ Server &Delete(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
+ Server &Delete(const std::string &pattern, HandlerWithContentReader handler);
+ Server &Options(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
+
+ // Register a handler for an HTTP method outside the built-in set (e.g. the
+ // WebDAV methods from RFC 4918). Registering a method here is what makes the
+ // server accept it; an unregistered method is still rejected with 400.
+ // `method` must be a valid HTTP method token and must not be one of the
+ // built-in methods, which have their own registration functions above. A
+ // rejected registration makes is_valid() return false, so listen() fails.
+ Server &CustomRoute(const std::string &method, const std::string &pattern,
+ Handler handler);
+ Server &CustomRoute(const std::string &method, const std::string &pattern,
+ HandlerWithContentReader handler);
+
+ Server &WebSocket(const std::string &pattern, WebSocketHandler handler);
+ Server &WebSocket(const std::string &pattern, WebSocketHandler handler,
+ SubProtocolSelector sub_protocol_selector);
+
+ bool set_base_dir(const std::string &dir,
+ const std::string &mount_point = std::string());
+ bool set_mount_point(const std::string &mount_point, const std::string &dir,
+ Headers headers = Headers());
+ bool remove_mount_point(const std::string &mount_point);
+ Server &set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping(const std::string &ext,
+ const std::string &mime);
+ Server &set_default_file_mimetype(const std::string &mime);
+ Server &set_file_request_handler(Handler handler);
+
+ template <class ErrorHandlerFunc>
+ Server &set_error_handler(ErrorHandlerFunc &&handler) {
+ return set_error_handler_core(
+ std::forward<ErrorHandlerFunc>(handler),
+ std::is_convertible<ErrorHandlerFunc, HandlerWithResponse>{});
+ }
+
+ Server &set_exception_handler(ExceptionHandler handler);
+
+ Server &set_pre_routing_handler(HandlerWithResponse handler);
+ Server &set_post_routing_handler(Handler handler);
+
+ Server &set_pre_request_handler(HandlerWithResponse handler);
+
+ Server &set_expect_100_continue_handler(Expect100ContinueHandler handler);
+
+ Server &set_start_handler(StartHandler handler);
+
+ Server &set_logger(Logger logger);
+ Server &set_pre_compression_logger(Logger logger);
+ Server &set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger);
+
+ Server &set_address_family(int family);
+ Server &set_tcp_nodelay(bool on);
+ Server &set_ipv6_v6only(bool on);
+ Server &set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options);
+
+ Server &set_default_headers(Headers headers);
+ Server &
+ set_header_writer(std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer);
+
+ Server &set_trusted_proxies(const std::vector<std::string> &proxies);
+
+ Server &set_keep_alive_max_count(size_t count);
+ Server &set_keep_alive_timeout(time_t sec);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ Server &
+ set_keep_alive_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ Server &set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ Server &set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ Server &set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ Server &set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ Server &set_idle_interval(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ Server &set_idle_interval(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ Server &set_payload_max_length(size_t length);
+
+ Server &set_static_file_compression(bool on);
+ Server &set_static_file_compression_min_length(size_t length);
+ Server &set_static_file_compression_max_length(size_t length);
+
+ Server &set_websocket_ping_interval(time_t sec);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ Server &set_websocket_ping_interval(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ Server &set_websocket_max_missed_pongs(int count);
+
+ bool bind_to_port(const std::string &host, int port, int socket_flags = 0);
+ int bind_to_any_port(const std::string &host, int socket_flags = 0);
+ bool listen_after_bind();
+
+ bool listen(const std::string &host, int port, int socket_flags = 0);
+
+ bool is_running() const;
+ void wait_until_ready() const;
+ void stop() noexcept;
+ void decommission();
+
+ std::function<TaskQueue *(void)> new_task_queue;
+
+protected:
+ bool process_request(Stream &strm, const std::string &remote_addr,
+ int remote_port, const std::string &local_addr,
+ int local_port, bool close_connection,
+ bool &connection_closed,
+ const std::function<void(Request &)> &setup_request,
+ bool *websocket_upgraded = nullptr);
+
+ // Runs the per-connection serving loop and stops an exception thrown by a
+ // user callback from escaping the worker thread.
+ //
+ // process_request() wraps only routing() in a try/catch. Content providers,
+ // the post-routing, error, logging and expect-100 handlers and WebSocket
+ // handlers all run outside it, and the task queue calls the job without a
+ // catch, so an exception from any of those would terminate the process.
+ //
+ // No 500 is possible here: by the time a content provider runs, the status
+ // line and headers are already on the wire. Report it through the error
+ // logger and drop the connection, which is what the peer observes either
+ // way. Other connections are unaffected.
+ template <typename Serve> bool serve_guarded(Serve &&serve) const {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ return serve();
+#else
+ try {
+ return serve();
+ } catch (...) {
+ // The error logger is a user callback too, so it must not be able to
+ // throw the guard back open.
+ try {
+ output_error_log(Error::UserCallbackException, nullptr);
+ } catch (...) {}
+ return false;
+ }
+#endif
+ }
+
+ std::atomic<socket_t> svr_sock_{INVALID_SOCKET};
+
+ std::vector<std::string> trusted_proxies_;
+
+ size_t keep_alive_max_count_ = CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_MAX_COUNT;
+ time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t read_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t read_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
+ time_t write_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t write_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
+ time_t idle_interval_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_SECOND;
+ time_t idle_interval_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_USECOND;
+ size_t payload_max_length_ = CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH;
+ bool static_file_compression_ = false;
+ size_t static_file_compression_min_length_ =
+ CPPHTTPLIB_STATIC_FILE_COMPRESSION_MIN_LENGTH;
+ size_t static_file_compression_max_length_ =
+ CPPHTTPLIB_STATIC_FILE_COMPRESSION_MAX_LENGTH;
+ time_t websocket_ping_interval_sec_ =
+ CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND;
+ int websocket_max_missed_pongs_ = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_MISSED_PONGS;
+
+private:
+ using Handlers =
+ std::vector<std::pair<std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>, Handler>>;
+ using HandlersForContentReader =
+ std::vector<std::pair<std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>,
+ HandlerWithContentReader>>;
+
+ // Both handler tables for one custom method live in a single entry, so that
+ // routing() needs only one map lookup per request to reach either of them.
+ struct CustomHandlerEntry {
+ Handlers handlers;
+ HandlersForContentReader handlers_for_content_reader;
+ };
+ using CustomHandlers = std::map<std::string, CustomHandlerEntry>;
+
+ static std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>
+ make_matcher(const std::string &pattern);
+
+ static const std::set<std::string> &builtin_methods();
+ CustomHandlerEntry *custom_entry_for_registration(const std::string &method);
+ const CustomHandlerEntry *find_custom_entry(const std::string &method) const;
+
+ template <typename H>
+ Server &add_handler(
+ std::vector<std::pair<std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>, H>> &handlers,
+ const std::string &pattern, H handler) {
+ handlers.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler));
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ Server &set_error_handler_core(HandlerWithResponse handler, std::true_type);
+ Server &set_error_handler_core(Handler handler, std::false_type);
+
+ socket_t create_server_socket(const std::string &host, int port,
+ int socket_flags,
+ SocketOptions socket_options) const;
+ int bind_internal(const std::string &host, int port, int socket_flags);
+ bool listen_internal();
+
+ bool routing(Request &req, Response &res, Stream &strm);
+ bool handle_file_request(Request &req, Response &res);
+ bool check_if_not_modified(const Request &req, Response &res,
+ const std::string &etag, time_t mtime) const;
+ bool check_if_range(Request &req, const std::string &etag,
+ time_t mtime) const;
+ bool dispatch_request(Request &req, Response &res, const Handlers &handlers,
+ Stream &strm);
+ bool dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
+ Request &req, Response &res, ContentReader content_reader,
+ const HandlersForContentReader &handlers) const;
+
+ bool parse_request_line(const char *s, Request &req) const;
+ detail::EncodingType static_file_encoding(const Request &req,
+ const Response &res,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t length) const;
+ bool apply_static_file_compression(const Request &req, Response &res) const;
+ void apply_ranges(const Request &req, Response &res,
+ std::string &content_type, std::string &boundary) const;
+ bool write_response(Stream &strm, bool close_connection, Request &req,
+ Response &res);
+ bool write_response_with_content(Stream &strm, bool close_connection,
+ const Request &req, Response &res);
+ bool write_response_core(Stream &strm, bool close_connection,
+ const Request &req, Response &res,
+ bool need_apply_ranges);
+ bool write_content_with_provider(Stream &strm, const Request &req,
+ Response &res, const std::string &boundary,
+ const std::string &content_type);
+ bool read_content(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res);
+ bool read_content_with_content_receiver(Stream &strm, Request &req,
+ Response &res,
+ ContentReceiver receiver,
+ FormDataHeader multipart_header,
+ ContentReceiver multipart_receiver);
+ bool read_content_core(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res,
+ ContentReceiver receiver,
+ FormDataHeader multipart_header,
+ ContentReceiver multipart_receiver) const;
+
+ virtual bool process_and_close_socket(socket_t sock);
+
+ void output_log(const Request &req, const Response &res) const;
+ void output_pre_compression_log(const Request &req,
+ const Response &res) const;
+ void output_error_log(const Error &err, const Request *req) const;
+
+ std::atomic<bool> is_running_{false};
+ std::atomic<bool> is_decommissioned{false};
+
+ // Set when CustomRoute() refuses a registration. Written before listen(),
+ // read by is_valid() on the same thread, so it needs no synchronization.
+ bool has_invalid_registration_ = false;
+
+ struct MountPointEntry {
+ std::string mount_point;
+ std::string base_dir;
+ std::string resolved_base_dir;
+ Headers headers;
+ };
+ std::vector<MountPointEntry> base_dirs_;
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> file_extension_and_mimetype_map_;
+ std::string default_file_mimetype_ = "application/octet-stream";
+ Handler file_request_handler_;
+
+ Handlers get_handlers_;
+ Handlers post_handlers_;
+ HandlersForContentReader post_handlers_for_content_reader_;
+ Handlers put_handlers_;
+ HandlersForContentReader put_handlers_for_content_reader_;
+ Handlers patch_handlers_;
+ HandlersForContentReader patch_handlers_for_content_reader_;
+ Handlers delete_handlers_;
+ HandlersForContentReader delete_handlers_for_content_reader_;
+ Handlers options_handlers_;
+ CustomHandlers custom_handlers_;
+
+ struct WebSocketHandlerEntry {
+ std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase> matcher;
+ WebSocketHandler handler;
+ SubProtocolSelector sub_protocol_selector;
+ };
+ using WebSocketHandlers = std::vector<WebSocketHandlerEntry>;
+ WebSocketHandlers websocket_handlers_;
+
+ HandlerWithResponse error_handler_;
+ ExceptionHandler exception_handler_;
+ HandlerWithResponse pre_routing_handler_;
+ Handler post_routing_handler_;
+ HandlerWithResponse pre_request_handler_;
+ Expect100ContinueHandler expect_100_continue_handler_;
+ StartHandler start_handler_;
+
+ mutable std::mutex logger_mutex_;
+ Logger logger_;
+ Logger pre_compression_logger_;
+ ErrorLogger error_logger_;
+
+ int address_family_ = AF_UNSPEC;
+ bool tcp_nodelay_ = CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY;
+ bool ipv6_v6only_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY;
+ SocketOptions socket_options_ = default_socket_options;
+
+ Headers default_headers_;
+ std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> header_writer_ =
+ detail::write_headers;
+};
+
+class Result {
+public:
+ Result() = default;
+ Result(std::unique_ptr<Response> &&res, Error err,
+ Headers &&request_headers = Headers{})
+ : res_(std::move(res)), err_(err),
+ request_headers_(std::move(request_headers)) {}
+ // Response
+ operator bool() const { return res_ != nullptr; }
+ bool operator==(std::nullptr_t) const { return res_ == nullptr; }
+ bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t) const { return res_ != nullptr; }
+ const Response &value() const { return *res_; }
+ Response &value() { return *res_; }
+ const Response &operator*() const { return *res_; }
+ Response &operator*() { return *res_; }
+ const Response *operator->() const { return res_.get(); }
+ Response *operator->() { return res_.get(); }
+
+ // Error
+ Error error() const { return err_; }
+
+ // Request Headers
+ bool has_request_header(const std::string &key) const;
+ std::string get_request_header_value(const std::string &key,
+ const char *def = "",
+ size_t id = 0) const;
+ size_t get_request_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def = 0,
+ size_t id = 0) const;
+ size_t get_request_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const;
+
+private:
+ std::unique_ptr<Response> res_;
+ Error err_ = Error::Unknown;
+ Headers request_headers_;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+public:
+ Result(std::unique_ptr<Response> &&res, Error err, Headers &&request_headers,
+ int ssl_error)
+ : res_(std::move(res)), err_(err),
+ request_headers_(std::move(request_headers)), ssl_error_(ssl_error) {}
+ Result(std::unique_ptr<Response> &&res, Error err, Headers &&request_headers,
+ int ssl_error, uint64_t ssl_backend_error)
+ : res_(std::move(res)), err_(err),
+ request_headers_(std::move(request_headers)), ssl_error_(ssl_error),
+ ssl_backend_error_(ssl_backend_error) {}
+
+ int ssl_error() const { return ssl_error_; }
+ uint64_t ssl_backend_error() const { return ssl_backend_error_; }
+
+private:
+ int ssl_error_ = 0;
+ uint64_t ssl_backend_error_ = 0;
+#endif
+};
+
+struct ClientConnection {
+ socket_t sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+
+ bool is_open() const { return sock != INVALID_SOCKET; }
+
+ ClientConnection() = default;
+
+ ~ClientConnection();
+
+ ClientConnection(const ClientConnection &) = delete;
+ ClientConnection &operator=(const ClientConnection &) = delete;
+
+ ClientConnection(ClientConnection &&other) noexcept
+ : sock(other.sock)
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ ,
+ session(other.session)
+#endif
+ {
+ other.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ other.session = nullptr;
+#endif
+ }
+
+ ClientConnection &operator=(ClientConnection &&other) noexcept {
+ if (this != &other) {
+ sock = other.sock;
+ other.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ session = other.session;
+ other.session = nullptr;
+#endif
+ }
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ tls::session_t session = nullptr;
+#endif
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+struct ChunkedDecoder;
+
+struct BodyReader {
+ Stream *stream = nullptr;
+ bool has_content_length = false;
+ size_t content_length = 0;
+ size_t payload_max_length = CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH;
+ size_t bytes_read = 0;
+ bool chunked = false;
+ bool eof = false;
+ std::unique_ptr<ChunkedDecoder> chunked_decoder;
+ Error last_error = Error::Success;
+
+ ssize_t read(char *buf, size_t len);
+ bool has_error() const { return last_error != Error::Success; }
+};
+
+inline ssize_t read_body_content(Stream *stream, BodyReader &br, char *buf,
+ size_t len) {
+ (void)stream;
+ return br.read(buf, len);
+}
+
+class decompressor;
+
+enum class NoProxyKind {
+ Wildcard, // "*"
+ HostnameSuffix, // "example.com" or ".example.com"
+ IPv4Cidr, // "10.0.0.0/8" (or single IP, treated as /32)
+ IPv6Cidr, // "fe80::/10" (or single IP, treated as /128)
+};
+
+// Unified 16-byte buffer holding either a v4 (first 4 bytes) or v6 address.
+// Lets one CIDR matcher cover both families.
+using IPBytes = std::array<uint8_t, 16>;
+
+struct NoProxyEntry {
+ NoProxyKind kind = NoProxyKind::Wildcard;
+ std::string hostname_pattern; // lowercased, leading/trailing dot stripped
+ IPBytes net{};
+ int prefix_bits = 0;
+};
+
+struct NormalizedTarget {
+ std::string hostname; // lowercase; brackets and trailing dot removed
+ bool is_ipv4 = false;
+ bool is_ipv6 = false;
+ IPBytes ip{};
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+class ClientImpl {
+public:
+ explicit ClientImpl(const std::string &host);
+
+ explicit ClientImpl(const std::string &host, int port);
+
+ explicit ClientImpl(const std::string &host, int port,
+ const std::string &client_cert_path,
+ const std::string &client_key_path);
+
+ virtual ~ClientImpl();
+
+ virtual bool is_valid() const;
+
+ struct StreamHandle {
+ std::unique_ptr<Response> response;
+ Error error = Error::Success;
+
+ StreamHandle() = default;
+ StreamHandle(const StreamHandle &) = delete;
+ StreamHandle &operator=(const StreamHandle &) = delete;
+ StreamHandle(StreamHandle &&) = default;
+ StreamHandle &operator=(StreamHandle &&) = default;
+ ~StreamHandle() = default;
+
+ bool is_valid() const {
+ return response != nullptr && error == Error::Success;
+ }
+
+ ssize_t read(char *buf, size_t len);
+ void parse_trailers_if_needed();
+ Error get_read_error() const { return body_reader_.last_error; }
+ bool has_read_error() const { return body_reader_.has_error(); }
+
+ bool trailers_parsed_ = false;
+
+ private:
+ friend class ClientImpl;
+
+ ssize_t read_with_decompression(char *buf, size_t len);
+
+ std::unique_ptr<ClientConnection> connection_;
+ std::unique_ptr<Stream> socket_stream_;
+ Stream *stream_ = nullptr;
+ detail::BodyReader body_reader_;
+
+ std::unique_ptr<detail::decompressor> decompressor_;
+ std::string decompress_buffer_;
+ size_t decompress_offset_ = 0;
+ size_t decompressed_bytes_read_ = 0;
+ };
+
+ // clang-format off
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Head(const std::string &path);
+ Result Head(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+
+ Result Post(const std::string &path);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Put(const std::string &path);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Options(const std::string &path);
+ Result Options(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+ // clang-format on
+
+ // Streaming API: Open a stream for reading response body incrementally
+ // Socket ownership is transferred to StreamHandle for true streaming
+ // Supports all HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE, etc.)
+ StreamHandle open_stream(const std::string &method, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params = {},
+ const Headers &headers = {},
+ const std::string &body = {},
+ const std::string &content_type = {});
+
+ bool send(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error);
+ Result send(const Request &req);
+
+ void stop();
+
+ std::string host() const;
+ int port() const;
+
+ size_t is_socket_open() const;
+ socket_t socket() const;
+
+ void set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map);
+
+ void set_default_headers(Headers headers);
+
+ void
+ set_header_writer(std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer);
+
+ void set_address_family(int family);
+ void set_tcp_nodelay(bool on);
+ void set_ipv6_v6only(bool on);
+ void set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options);
+
+ void set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void
+ set_connection_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_max_timeout(time_t msec);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_max_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_basic_auth(const std::string &username, const std::string &password);
+ void set_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token);
+
+ void set_keep_alive(bool on);
+ void set_follow_location(bool on);
+
+ void set_path_encode(bool on);
+
+ void set_compress(bool on);
+
+ void set_decompress(bool on);
+
+ void set_payload_max_length(size_t length);
+
+ void set_interface(const std::string &intf);
+
+ void set_proxy(const std::string &host, int port);
+ void set_proxy_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password);
+ void set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token);
+ void set_no_proxy(const std::vector<std::string> &patterns);
+
+ void set_logger(Logger logger);
+ void set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger);
+
+protected:
+ struct Socket {
+ socket_t sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+
+ // For Mbed TLS compatibility: start_time for request timeout tracking
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_;
+
+ bool is_open() const { return sock != INVALID_SOCKET; }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ tls::session_t ssl = nullptr;
+#endif
+ };
+
+ virtual bool create_and_connect_socket(Socket &socket, Error &error);
+ virtual bool ensure_socket_connection(Socket &socket, Error &error);
+ virtual bool setup_proxy_connection(
+ Socket &socket,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ Response &res, bool &success, Error &error);
+
+ bool is_proxy_enabled_for_host(const std::string &host) const;
+
+ // All of:
+ // shutdown_ssl
+ // shutdown_socket
+ // close_socket
+ // disconnect
+ // should ONLY be called when socket_mutex_ is locked, and only when
+ // no other thread is using the socket.
+ virtual void shutdown_ssl(Socket &socket, bool shutdown_gracefully);
+ void shutdown_socket(Socket &socket) const;
+ void close_socket(Socket &socket);
+ void disconnect(bool gracefully);
+
+ bool process_request(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res,
+ bool close_connection, Error &error);
+
+ bool write_content_with_provider(Stream &strm, const Request &req,
+ Error &error) const;
+
+ void copy_settings(const ClientImpl &rhs);
+
+ void output_log(const Request &req, const Response &res) const;
+ void output_error_log(const Error &err, const Request *req) const;
+
+ // Socket endpoint information
+ const std::string host_;
+ const int port_;
+
+ // Current open socket
+ Socket socket_;
+ mutable std::mutex socket_mutex_;
+ std::recursive_mutex request_mutex_;
+
+ // These are all protected under socket_mutex
+ size_t socket_requests_in_flight_ = 0;
+ std::thread::id socket_requests_are_from_thread_ = std::thread::id();
+ bool socket_should_be_closed_when_request_is_done_ = false;
+
+ // Hostname to connection target map. The value is an IP literal or another
+ // hostname; only the connection target changes, never the identity.
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map_;
+
+ // Default headers
+ Headers default_headers_;
+
+ // Header writer
+ std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> header_writer_ =
+ detail::write_headers;
+
+ // Settings
+ std::string client_cert_path_;
+ std::string client_key_path_;
+
+ time_t connection_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t connection_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
+ time_t read_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t read_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
+ time_t write_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t write_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
+ time_t max_timeout_msec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_MAX_TIMEOUT_MSECOND;
+
+ std::string basic_auth_username_;
+ std::string basic_auth_password_;
+ std::string bearer_token_auth_token_;
+
+ bool keep_alive_ = false;
+ bool follow_location_ = false;
+
+ bool path_encode_ = true;
+
+ int address_family_ = AF_UNSPEC;
+ bool tcp_nodelay_ = CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY;
+ bool ipv6_v6only_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY;
+ SocketOptions socket_options_ = nullptr;
+
+ bool compress_ = false;
+ bool decompress_ = true;
+
+ size_t payload_max_length_ = CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH;
+ bool has_payload_max_length_ = false;
+
+ std::string interface_;
+
+ std::string proxy_host_;
+ int proxy_port_ = -1;
+
+ std::string proxy_basic_auth_username_;
+ std::string proxy_basic_auth_password_;
+ std::string proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_;
+
+ std::vector<detail::NoProxyEntry> no_proxy_entries_;
+
+ mutable detail::NormalizedTarget host_normalized_;
+ mutable bool host_normalized_valid_ = false;
+
+ mutable std::mutex logger_mutex_;
+ Logger logger_;
+ ErrorLogger error_logger_;
+
+private:
+ bool send_(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error);
+ Result send_(Request &&req);
+
+ socket_t create_client_socket(Error &error) const;
+ bool read_response_line(Stream &strm, const Request &req, Response &res,
+ bool skip_100_continue = true) const;
+ bool write_request(Stream &strm, Request &req, bool close_connection,
+ Error &error, bool skip_body = false);
+ bool write_request_body(Stream &strm, Request &req, Error &error);
+ void prepare_default_headers(Request &r, bool for_stream,
+ const std::string &ct);
+ bool redirect(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error);
+ bool create_redirect_client(const std::string &scheme,
+ const std::string &host, int port, Request &req,
+ Response &res, const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &location, Error &error);
+ template <typename ClientType> void setup_redirect_client(ClientType &client);
+ bool handle_request(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res,
+ bool close_connection, Error &error);
+ std::unique_ptr<Response> send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ Request &req, const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_without_length,
+ const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ Error &error);
+ Result send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ const std::string &method, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_without_length,
+ const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress);
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength get_multipart_content_provider(
+ const std::string &boundary, const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items) const;
+
+ virtual bool
+ process_socket(const Socket &socket,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ std::function<bool(Stream &strm)> callback);
+ virtual bool is_ssl() const;
+
+ void transfer_socket_ownership_to_handle(StreamHandle &handle);
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+public:
+ void set_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password);
+ void set_proxy_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password);
+ void set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
+ const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path = std::string());
+ void enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
+ void enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled);
+ void enable_system_ca(bool enabled);
+
+protected:
+ std::string digest_auth_username_;
+ std::string digest_auth_password_;
+ std::string proxy_digest_auth_username_;
+ std::string proxy_digest_auth_password_;
+ std::string ca_cert_file_path_;
+ std::string ca_cert_dir_path_;
+ bool server_certificate_verification_ = true;
+ bool server_hostname_verification_ = true;
+ SystemCAMode system_ca_mode_ = SystemCAMode::Auto;
+ std::string ca_cert_pem_; // Store CA cert PEM for redirect transfer
+ int last_ssl_error_ = 0;
+ uint64_t last_backend_error_ = 0;
+#endif
+};
+
+class Client {
+public:
+ // Universal interface
+ explicit Client(const std::string &scheme_host_port);
+
+ explicit Client(const std::string &scheme_host_port,
+ const std::string &client_cert_path,
+ const std::string &client_key_path);
+
+ // HTTP only interface
+ explicit Client(const std::string &host, int port);
+
+ explicit Client(const std::string &host, int port,
+ const std::string &client_cert_path,
+ const std::string &client_key_path);
+
+ Client(Client &&) = default;
+ Client &operator=(Client &&) = default;
+
+ ~Client();
+
+ bool is_valid() const;
+
+ // clang-format off
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Head(const std::string &path);
+ Result Head(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+
+ Result Post(const std::string &path);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Put(const std::string &path);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+ Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
+
+ Result Options(const std::string &path);
+ Result Options(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+ // clang-format on
+
+ // Streaming API: Open a stream for reading response body incrementally
+ // Socket ownership is transferred to StreamHandle for true streaming
+ // Supports all HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE, etc.)
+ ClientImpl::StreamHandle open_stream(const std::string &method,
+ const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params = {},
+ const Headers &headers = {},
+ const std::string &body = {},
+ const std::string &content_type = {});
+
+ bool send(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error);
+ Result send(const Request &req);
+
+ void stop();
+
+ std::string host() const;
+ int port() const;
+
+ size_t is_socket_open() const;
+ socket_t socket() const;
+
+ void set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map);
+
+ void set_default_headers(Headers headers);
+
+ void
+ set_header_writer(std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer);
+
+ void set_address_family(int family);
+ void set_tcp_nodelay(bool on);
+ void set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options);
+
+ void set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void
+ set_connection_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_max_timeout(time_t msec);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_max_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_basic_auth(const std::string &username, const std::string &password);
+ void set_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token);
+
+ void set_keep_alive(bool on);
+ void set_follow_location(bool on);
+
+ void set_path_encode(bool on);
+
+ void set_compress(bool on);
+
+ void set_decompress(bool on);
+
+ void set_payload_max_length(size_t length);
+
+ void set_interface(const std::string &intf);
+
+ void set_proxy(const std::string &host, int port);
+ void set_proxy_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password);
+ void set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token);
+ void set_no_proxy(const std::vector<std::string> &patterns);
+ void set_logger(Logger logger);
+ void set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger);
+
+private:
+ std::unique_ptr<ClientImpl> cli_;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+public:
+ void set_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password);
+ void set_proxy_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password);
+ void enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
+ void enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled);
+ void enable_system_ca(bool enabled);
+ void set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
+ const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path = std::string());
+
+ void set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store);
+ void load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert, std::size_t size);
+
+ void set_server_certificate_verifier(tls::VerifyCallback verifier);
+
+ void set_session_verifier(
+ std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> verifier);
+
+ tls::ctx_t tls_context() const;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+ void enable_windows_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
+#endif
+
+private:
+ bool is_ssl_ = false;
+#endif
+};
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+class SSLServer : public Server {
+public:
+ SSLServer(const char *cert_path, const char *private_key_path,
+ const char *client_ca_cert_file_path = nullptr,
+ const char *client_ca_cert_dir_path = nullptr,
+ const char *private_key_password = nullptr);
+
+ struct PemMemory {
+ const char *cert_pem;
+ size_t cert_pem_len;
+ const char *key_pem;
+ size_t key_pem_len;
+ const char *client_ca_pem;
+ size_t client_ca_pem_len;
+ const char *private_key_password;
+ };
+ explicit SSLServer(const PemMemory &pem);
+
+ // The callback receives the ctx_t handle which can be cast to the
+ // appropriate backend type (SSL_CTX* for OpenSSL,
+ // tls::impl::MbedTlsContext* for Mbed TLS)
+ explicit SSLServer(const tls::ContextSetupCallback &setup_callback);
+
+ ~SSLServer() override;
+
+ bool is_valid() const override;
+
+ bool update_certs_pem(const char *cert_pem, const char *key_pem,
+ const char *client_ca_pem = nullptr,
+ const char *password = nullptr);
+
+ tls::ctx_t tls_context() const { return ctx_; }
+
+ int ssl_last_error() const { return last_ssl_error_; }
+
+private:
+ bool process_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) override;
+
+ tls::ctx_t ctx_ = nullptr;
+ std::mutex ctx_mutex_;
+
+ int last_ssl_error_ = 0;
+};
+
+class SSLClient final : public ClientImpl {
+public:
+ explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host);
+
+ explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port);
+
+ explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port,
+ const std::string &client_cert_path,
+ const std::string &client_key_path,
+ const std::string &private_key_password = std::string());
+
+ struct PemMemory {
+ const char *cert_pem;
+ size_t cert_pem_len;
+ const char *key_pem;
+ size_t key_pem_len;
+ const char *private_key_password;
+ };
+ explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port, const PemMemory &pem);
+
+ ~SSLClient() override;
+
+ bool is_valid() const override;
+
+ void set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store);
+ void load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert, std::size_t size);
+
+ void set_server_certificate_verifier(tls::VerifyCallback verifier);
+
+ // Post-handshake session verifier (backend-independent)
+ void set_session_verifier(
+ std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> verifier);
+
+ tls::ctx_t tls_context() const { return ctx_; }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+ void enable_windows_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
+#endif
+
+private:
+ bool create_and_connect_socket(Socket &socket, Error &error) override;
+ bool ensure_socket_connection(Socket &socket, Error &error) override;
+ void shutdown_ssl(Socket &socket, bool shutdown_gracefully) override;
+ void shutdown_ssl_impl(Socket &socket, bool shutdown_gracefully);
+
+ bool
+ process_socket(const Socket &socket,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ std::function<bool(Stream &strm)> callback) override;
+ bool is_ssl() const override;
+
+ bool setup_proxy_connection(
+ Socket &socket,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ Response &res, bool &success, Error &error) override;
+ bool connect_with_proxy(
+ Socket &sock,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ Response &res, bool &success, Error &error);
+ bool initialize_ssl(Socket &socket, Error &error);
+
+ void init_ctx();
+ void reset_ctx_on_error();
+
+ bool load_certs();
+
+ tls::ctx_t ctx_ = nullptr;
+ std::mutex ctx_mutex_;
+ std::once_flag initialize_cert_;
+
+ // Tracks whether a custom CA store was applied via set_ca_cert_store(),
+ // since the store handle itself is owned by ctx_ and leaves no other trace.
+ // Used to keep custom CA configuration exclusive with system CA loading.
+ bool ca_cert_store_set_ = false;
+
+ std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> session_verifier_;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+ bool enable_windows_cert_verification_ = true;
+#endif
+
+ friend class ClientImpl;
+};
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+inline void duration_to_sec_and_usec(const T &duration, U callback) {
+ auto sec = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(duration).count();
+ auto usec = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+ duration - std::chrono::seconds(sec))
+ .count();
+ callback(static_cast<time_t>(sec), static_cast<time_t>(usec));
+}
+
+template <size_t N> inline constexpr size_t str_len(const char (&)[N]) {
+ return N - 1;
+}
+
+inline bool is_numeric(const std::string &str) {
+ return !str.empty() && std::all_of(str.cbegin(), str.cend(), is_ascii_digit);
+}
+
+inline size_t get_header_value_u64(const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &key, size_t def,
+ size_t id, bool &is_invalid_value) {
+ is_invalid_value = false;
+ auto rng = headers.equal_range(key);
+ auto it = rng.first;
+ std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
+ if (it != rng.second) {
+ if (is_numeric(it->second)) {
+ // Parse at size_t width so an out-of-range Content-Length is reported
+ // rather than silently saturated/truncated (a value above 2^32 would
+ // otherwise wrap to a small framing length on 32-bit builds). Flag it
+ // and return SIZE_MAX so the existing oversized-value guards reject it.
+ size_t val = 0;
+ const auto &s = it->second;
+ auto r = from_chars(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), val);
+ if (r.ec == std::errc::result_out_of_range) {
+ is_invalid_value = true;
+ return (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)();
+ }
+ return val;
+ } else {
+ is_invalid_value = true;
+ }
+ }
+ return def;
+}
+
+inline size_t get_header_value_u64(const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &key, size_t def,
+ size_t id) {
+ auto dummy = false;
+ return get_header_value_u64(headers, key, def, id, dummy);
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline Server &
+Server::set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
+ duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_read_timeout(sec, usec); });
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline Server &
+Server::set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
+ duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_write_timeout(sec, usec); });
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline Server &
+Server::set_idle_interval(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
+ duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_idle_interval(sec, usec); });
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void ClientImpl::set_connection_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ set_connection_timeout(sec, usec);
+ });
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void ClientImpl::set_read_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
+ duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_read_timeout(sec, usec); });
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void ClientImpl::set_write_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
+ duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_write_timeout(sec, usec); });
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void ClientImpl::set_max_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ auto msec =
+ std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(duration).count();
+ set_max_timeout(msec);
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void Client::set_connection_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ cli_->set_connection_timeout(duration);
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void
+Client::set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ cli_->set_read_timeout(duration);
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void
+Client::set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ cli_->set_write_timeout(duration);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_max_timeout(time_t msec) {
+ cli_->set_max_timeout(msec);
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void
+Client::set_max_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ cli_->set_max_timeout(duration);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Forward declarations and types that will be part of the .h file if split into
+ * .h + .cc.
+ */
+
+std::string hosted_at(const std::string &hostname);
+
+void hosted_at(const std::string &hostname, std::vector<std::string> &addrs);
+
+// JavaScript-style URL encoding/decoding functions
+std::string encode_uri_component(const std::string &value);
+std::string encode_uri(const std::string &value);
+std::string decode_uri_component(const std::string &value);
+std::string decode_uri(const std::string &value);
+
+// RFC 3986 compliant URL component encoding/decoding functions
+std::string encode_path_component(const std::string &component);
+std::string decode_path_component(const std::string &component);
+std::string encode_query_component(const std::string &component,
+ bool space_as_plus = true);
+std::string decode_query_component(const std::string &component,
+ bool plus_as_space = true);
+
+std::string sanitize_filename(const std::string &filename);
+
+std::string append_query_params(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
+
+std::pair<std::string, std::string> make_range_header(const Ranges &ranges);
+
+std::pair<std::string, std::string>
+make_basic_authentication_header(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password,
+ bool is_proxy = false);
+
+namespace detail {
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+inline std::wstring u8string_to_wstring(const char *s) {
+ if (!s) { return std::wstring(); }
+
+ auto len = static_cast<int>(strlen(s));
+ if (!len) { return std::wstring(); }
+
+ auto wlen = ::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, s, len, nullptr, 0);
+ if (!wlen) { return std::wstring(); }
+
+ std::wstring ws;
+ ws.resize(wlen);
+ wlen = ::MultiByteToWideChar(
+ CP_UTF8, 0, s, len,
+ const_cast<LPWSTR>(reinterpret_cast<LPCWSTR>(ws.data())), wlen);
+ if (wlen != static_cast<int>(ws.size())) { ws.clear(); }
+ return ws;
+}
+#endif
+
+struct FileStat {
+ FileStat(const std::string &path);
+ bool is_file() const;
+ bool is_dir() const;
+ time_t mtime() const;
+ size_t size() const;
+
+private:
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ struct _stat st_;
+#else
+ struct stat st_;
+#endif
+ int ret_ = -1;
+};
+
+std::string make_host_and_port_string(const std::string &host, int port,
+ bool is_ssl);
+
+template <typename T>
+bool check_and_write_headers(Stream &strm, Headers &headers, T header_writer,
+ Error &error);
+
+std::string trim_copy(const std::string &s);
+
+void divide(
+ const char *data, std::size_t size, char d,
+ std::function<void(const char *, std::size_t, const char *, std::size_t)>
+ fn);
+
+void divide(
+ const std::string &str, char d,
+ std::function<void(const char *, std::size_t, const char *, std::size_t)>
+ fn);
+
+void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d,
+ std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn);
+
+void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d, size_t m,
+ std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn);
+
+bool split_find(const char *b, const char *e, char d,
+ std::function<bool(const char *, const char *)> fn);
+
+bool has_header_token(const Headers &headers, const std::string &key,
+ const std::string &token);
+
+std::string websocket_accept_key(const std::string &client_key);
+
+bool is_websocket_upgrade(const Request &req);
+
+bool process_client_socket(
+ socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
+ time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec,
+ time_t max_timeout_msec,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ std::function<bool(Stream &)> callback);
+
+socket_t create_client_socket(const std::string &host, const std::string &ip,
+ int port, int address_family, bool tcp_nodelay,
+ bool ipv6_v6only, SocketOptions socket_options,
+ time_t connection_timeout_sec,
+ time_t connection_timeout_usec,
+ time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
+ time_t write_timeout_sec,
+ time_t write_timeout_usec,
+ const std::string &intf, Error &error);
+
+const char *get_header_value(const Headers &headers, const std::string &key,
+ const char *def, size_t id);
+
+std::string get_combined_header_value(const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &key);
+
+std::string params_to_query_str(const Params &params);
+
+void parse_query_text(const char *data, std::size_t size, Params &params);
+
+void parse_query_text(const std::string &s, Params &params);
+
+bool parse_multipart_boundary(const std::string &content_type,
+ std::string &boundary);
+
+bool parse_range_header(const std::string &s, Ranges &ranges);
+
+bool parse_accept_header(const std::string &s,
+ std::vector<std::string> &content_types);
+
+void parse_disposition_params(const std::string &s, Params &params);
+
+ssize_t send_socket(socket_t sock, const void *ptr, size_t size, int flags);
+
+ssize_t read_socket(socket_t sock, void *ptr, size_t size, int flags);
+
+EncodingType encoding_type(const Request &req, const std::string &content_type);
+
+EncodingType encoding_type(const Request &req, const Response &res,
+ const std::string &content_type);
+
+EncodingType encoding_type(const Request &req, const Response &res);
+
+class BufferStream final : public Stream {
+public:
+ BufferStream() = default;
+ ~BufferStream() override = default;
+
+ bool is_readable() const override;
+ bool wait_readable() const override;
+ bool wait_writable() const override;
+ ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override;
+ ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) override;
+ void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
+ void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
+ socket_t socket() const override;
+ time_t duration() const override;
+
+ const std::string &get_buffer() const;
+
+private:
+ std::string buffer;
+ size_t position = 0;
+};
+
+class compressor {
+public:
+ virtual ~compressor() = default;
+
+ typedef std::function<bool(const char *data, size_t data_len)> Callback;
+ virtual bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool last,
+ Callback callback) = 0;
+};
+
+class decompressor {
+public:
+ virtual ~decompressor() = default;
+
+ virtual bool is_valid() const = 0;
+
+ typedef std::function<bool(const char *data, size_t data_len)> Callback;
+ virtual bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ Callback callback) = 0;
+};
+
+class nocompressor final : public compressor {
+public:
+ ~nocompressor() override = default;
+
+ bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool /*last*/,
+ Callback callback) override;
+};
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+class gzip_compressor final : public compressor {
+public:
+ gzip_compressor();
+ ~gzip_compressor() override;
+
+ bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool last,
+ Callback callback) override;
+
+private:
+ bool is_valid_ = false;
+ z_stream strm_;
+};
+
+class gzip_decompressor final : public decompressor {
+public:
+ gzip_decompressor();
+ ~gzip_decompressor() override;
+
+ bool is_valid() const override;
+
+ bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ Callback callback) override;
+
+private:
+ bool is_valid_ = false;
+ z_stream strm_;
+};
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
+class brotli_compressor final : public compressor {
+public:
+ brotli_compressor();
+ ~brotli_compressor();
+
+ bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool last,
+ Callback callback) override;
+
+private:
+ BrotliEncoderState *state_ = nullptr;
+};
+
+class brotli_decompressor final : public decompressor {
+public:
+ brotli_decompressor();
+ ~brotli_decompressor();
+
+ bool is_valid() const override;
+
+ bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ Callback callback) override;
+
+private:
+ BrotliDecoderResult decoder_r;
+ BrotliDecoderState *decoder_s = nullptr;
+};
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
+class zstd_compressor : public compressor {
+public:
+ zstd_compressor();
+ ~zstd_compressor();
+
+ bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool last,
+ Callback callback) override;
+
+private:
+ ZSTD_CCtx *ctx_ = nullptr;
+};
+
+class zstd_decompressor : public decompressor {
+public:
+ zstd_decompressor();
+ ~zstd_decompressor();
+
+ bool is_valid() const override;
+
+ bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ Callback callback) override;
+
+private:
+ ZSTD_DCtx *ctx_ = nullptr;
+};
+#endif
+
+// NOTE: until the read size reaches `fixed_buffer_size`, use `fixed_buffer`
+// to store data. The call can set memory on stack for performance.
+class stream_line_reader {
+public:
+ stream_line_reader(Stream &strm, char *fixed_buffer,
+ size_t fixed_buffer_size);
+ const char *ptr() const;
+ size_t size() const;
+ bool end_with_crlf() const;
+ bool getline();
+
+private:
+ void append(char c);
+ void append(const char *data, size_t size);
+
+ Stream &strm_;
+ char *fixed_buffer_;
+ const size_t fixed_buffer_size_;
+ size_t fixed_buffer_used_size_ = 0;
+ std::string growable_buffer_;
+};
+
+bool parse_trailers(stream_line_reader &line_reader, Headers &dest,
+ const Headers &src_headers);
+
+struct ChunkedDecoder {
+ Stream &strm;
+ size_t chunk_remaining = 0;
+ bool finished = false;
+ char line_buf[64];
+ size_t last_chunk_total = 0;
+ size_t last_chunk_offset = 0;
+
+ explicit ChunkedDecoder(Stream &s);
+
+ ssize_t read_payload(char *buf, size_t len, size_t &out_chunk_offset,
+ size_t &out_chunk_total);
+
+ bool parse_trailers_into(Headers &dest, const Headers &src_headers);
+};
+
+class mmap {
+public:
+ mmap(const char *path);
+ ~mmap();
+
+ bool open(const char *path);
+ void close();
+
+ bool is_open() const;
+ size_t size() const;
+ const char *data() const;
+
+private:
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ HANDLE hFile_ = NULL;
+ HANDLE hMapping_ = NULL;
+#else
+ int fd_ = -1;
+#endif
+ size_t size_ = 0;
+ void *addr_ = nullptr;
+ bool is_open_empty_file = false;
+};
+
+// NOTE: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#section-5
+namespace fields {
+
+bool is_token_char(char c);
+bool is_token(const std::string &s);
+bool is_field_name(const std::string &s);
+bool is_vchar(char c);
+bool is_obs_text(char c);
+bool is_field_vchar(char c);
+bool is_field_content(const std::string &s);
+bool is_field_value(const std::string &s);
+bool is_field_valid(const std::string &name, const std::string &value);
+
+} // namespace fields
+} // namespace detail
+
+/*
+ * TLS Abstraction Layer Declarations
+ */
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+// TLS abstraction layer - backend-specific type declarations
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
+namespace tls {
+namespace impl {
+
+// Mbed TLS context wrapper (holds config, entropy, DRBG, CA chain, own
+// cert/key). This struct is accessible via tls::impl for use in SSL context
+// setup callbacks (cast ctx_t to tls::impl::MbedTlsContext*).
+struct MbedTlsContext {
+ mbedtls_ssl_config conf;
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ // Mbed TLS 4.x uses PSA Crypto's internal RNG; no explicit entropy/DRBG.
+ mbedtls_entropy_context entropy;
+ mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context ctr_drbg;
+#endif
+ mbedtls_x509_crt ca_chain;
+ mbedtls_x509_crt own_cert;
+ mbedtls_pk_context own_key;
+ bool is_server = false;
+ bool verify_client = false;
+ bool has_verify_callback = false;
+
+ MbedTlsContext();
+ ~MbedTlsContext();
+
+ MbedTlsContext(const MbedTlsContext &) = delete;
+ MbedTlsContext &operator=(const MbedTlsContext &) = delete;
+};
+
+} // namespace impl
+} // namespace tls
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
+namespace tls {
+namespace impl {
+
+// wolfSSL context wrapper (holds WOLFSSL_CTX and related state).
+// This struct is accessible via tls::impl for use in SSL context
+// setup callbacks (cast ctx_t to tls::impl::WolfSSLContext*).
+struct WolfSSLContext {
+ WOLFSSL_CTX *ctx = nullptr;
+ bool is_server = false;
+ bool verify_client = false;
+ bool has_verify_callback = false;
+ std::string ca_pem_data_; // accumulated PEM for get_ca_names/get_ca_certs
+
+ WolfSSLContext();
+ ~WolfSSLContext();
+
+ WolfSSLContext(const WolfSSLContext &) = delete;
+ WolfSSLContext &operator=(const WolfSSLContext &) = delete;
+};
+
+// CA store for wolfSSL: holds raw PEM bytes to allow reloading into any ctx
+struct WolfSSLCAStore {
+ std::string pem_data;
+};
+
+} // namespace impl
+} // namespace tls
+#endif
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+namespace stream {
+
+class Result {
+public:
+ Result();
+ explicit Result(ClientImpl::StreamHandle &&handle, size_t chunk_size = 8192);
+ Result(Result &&other) noexcept;
+ Result &operator=(Result &&other) noexcept;
+ Result(const Result &) = delete;
+ Result &operator=(const Result &) = delete;
+
+ // Response info
+ bool is_valid() const;
+ explicit operator bool() const;
+ int status() const;
+ const Headers &headers() const;
+ std::string get_header_value(const std::string &key,
+ const char *def = "") const;
+ bool has_header(const std::string &key) const;
+ Error error() const;
+ Error read_error() const;
+ bool has_read_error() const;
+
+ // Stream reading
+ bool next();
+ const char *data() const;
+ size_t size() const;
+ std::string read_all();
+
+private:
+ ClientImpl::StreamHandle handle_;
+ std::string buffer_;
+ size_t current_size_ = 0;
+ size_t chunk_size_;
+ bool finished_ = false;
+};
+
+// GET
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Get(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("GET", path), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Get(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("GET", path, {}, headers), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Get(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("GET", path, params), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Get(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("GET", path, params, headers), chunk_size};
+}
+
+// POST
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Post(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("POST", path, {}, {}, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Post(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("POST", path, {}, headers, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Post(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("POST", path, params, {}, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Post(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{
+ cli.open_stream("POST", path, params, headers, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+// PUT
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Put(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("PUT", path, {}, {}, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Put(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("PUT", path, {}, headers, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Put(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("PUT", path, params, {}, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Put(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{
+ cli.open_stream("PUT", path, params, headers, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+// PATCH
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Patch(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("PATCH", path, {}, {}, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Patch(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("PATCH", path, {}, headers, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Patch(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("PATCH", path, params, {}, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Patch(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{
+ cli.open_stream("PATCH", path, params, headers, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+// DELETE
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, {}, headers), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, {}, {}, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{
+ cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, {}, headers, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, params), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, params, headers), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, params, {}, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{
+ cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, params, headers, body, content_type),
+ chunk_size};
+}
+
+// HEAD
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Head(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("HEAD", path), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Head(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("HEAD", path, {}, headers), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Head(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("HEAD", path, params), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Head(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("HEAD", path, params, headers), chunk_size};
+}
+
+// OPTIONS
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Options(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("OPTIONS", path), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Options(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("OPTIONS", path, {}, headers), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Options(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("OPTIONS", path, params), chunk_size};
+}
+
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline Result Options(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
+ return Result{cli.open_stream("OPTIONS", path, params, headers), chunk_size};
+}
+
+} // namespace stream
+
+namespace sse {
+
+struct SSEMessage {
+ std::string event; // Event type (default: "message")
+ std::string data; // Event payload
+ std::string id; // Event ID for Last-Event-ID header
+
+ SSEMessage();
+ void clear();
+};
+
+class SSEClient {
+public:
+ using MessageHandler = std::function<void(const SSEMessage &)>;
+ using ErrorHandler = std::function<void(Error)>;
+ using OpenHandler = std::function<void()>;
+
+ SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path);
+ SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
+ ~SSEClient();
+
+ SSEClient(const SSEClient &) = delete;
+ SSEClient &operator=(const SSEClient &) = delete;
+
+ // Event handlers
+ SSEClient &on_message(MessageHandler handler);
+ SSEClient &on_event(const std::string &type, MessageHandler handler);
+ SSEClient &on_open(OpenHandler handler);
+ SSEClient &on_error(ErrorHandler handler);
+ SSEClient &set_reconnect_interval(int ms);
+ SSEClient &set_max_reconnect_attempts(int n);
+
+ // Update headers (thread-safe)
+ SSEClient &set_headers(const Headers &headers);
+
+ // State accessors
+ bool is_connected() const;
+ const std::string &last_event_id() const;
+
+ // Blocking start - runs event loop with auto-reconnect
+ void start();
+
+ // Non-blocking start - runs in background thread
+ void start_async();
+
+ // Stop the client (thread-safe)
+ void stop();
+
+private:
+ bool parse_sse_line(const std::string &line, SSEMessage &msg, int &retry_ms);
+ void run_event_loop();
+ void dispatch_event(const SSEMessage &msg);
+ bool should_reconnect(int count) const;
+ void wait_for_reconnect();
+
+ // Client and path
+ Client &client_;
+ std::string path_;
+ Headers headers_;
+ mutable std::mutex headers_mutex_;
+
+ // Callbacks
+ MessageHandler on_message_;
+ std::map<std::string, MessageHandler> event_handlers_;
+ OpenHandler on_open_;
+ ErrorHandler on_error_;
+
+ // Configuration
+ int reconnect_interval_ms_ = 3000;
+ int max_reconnect_attempts_ = 0; // 0 = unlimited
+
+ // State
+ std::atomic<bool> running_{false};
+ std::atomic<bool> connected_{false};
+ std::string last_event_id_;
+
+ // Async support
+ std::thread async_thread_;
+};
+
+} // namespace sse
+
+namespace ws {
+
+enum class Opcode : uint8_t {
+ Continuation = 0x0,
+ Text = 0x1,
+ Binary = 0x2,
+ Close = 0x8,
+ Ping = 0x9,
+ Pong = 0xA,
+};
+
+enum class CloseStatus : uint16_t {
+ Normal = 1000,
+ GoingAway = 1001,
+ ProtocolError = 1002,
+ UnsupportedData = 1003,
+ NoStatus = 1005,
+ Abnormal = 1006,
+ InvalidPayload = 1007,
+ PolicyViolation = 1008,
+ MessageTooBig = 1009,
+ MandatoryExtension = 1010,
+ InternalError = 1011,
+};
+
+// Timeout is returned only when a read timeout was set and it elapsed before
+// any byte of a frame arrived: nothing was consumed and the connection is
+// still open, so the caller can send on it and read again. `msg` is left
+// untouched, so a `while (ws.read(msg))` loop must not treat it as a message.
+enum ReadResult : int { Fail = 0, Text = 1, Binary = 2, Timeout = 3 };
+
+// Result of WebSocketClient::connect(). Truthy only when the WebSocket
+// upgrade handshake fully succeeded. On failure error() identifies the
+// failing layer; status()/headers() expose the server's upgrade response
+// when one was received (status() is -1 otherwise).
+class Result {
+public:
+ Result() = default;
+ Result(Error err, int status, Headers &&headers)
+ : err_(err), status_(status), headers_(std::move(headers)) {}
+
+ explicit operator bool() const { return err_ == Error::Success; }
+ Error error() const { return err_; }
+
+ // Upgrade response info
+ int status() const { return status_; }
+ const Headers &headers() const { return headers_; }
+ std::string get_header_value(const std::string &key,
+ const char *def = "") const {
+ return detail::get_header_value(headers_, key, def, 0);
+ }
+ bool has_header(const std::string &key) const {
+ return headers_.find(key) != headers_.end();
+ }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ Result(Error err, int status, Headers &&headers, int ssl_error,
+ uint64_t ssl_backend_error)
+ : err_(err), status_(status), headers_(std::move(headers)),
+ ssl_error_(ssl_error), ssl_backend_error_(ssl_backend_error) {}
+
+ int ssl_error() const { return ssl_error_; }
+ uint64_t ssl_backend_error() const { return ssl_backend_error_; }
+#endif
+
+private:
+ Error err_ = Error::Unknown; // a default-constructed Result is falsy
+ int status_ = -1;
+ Headers headers_;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ int ssl_error_ = 0;
+ uint64_t ssl_backend_error_ = 0;
+#endif
+};
+
+class WebSocket {
+public:
+ WebSocket(const WebSocket &) = delete;
+ WebSocket &operator=(const WebSocket &) = delete;
+ ~WebSocket();
+
+ ReadResult read(std::string &msg);
+ bool send(const std::string &data);
+ bool send(const char *data, size_t len);
+ void close(CloseStatus status = CloseStatus::Normal,
+ const std::string &reason = "");
+ const Request &request() const;
+ bool is_open() const;
+
+ // Bound how long read() waits before returning Timeout. 0 waits forever.
+ // A server handler owns its connection's timeout this way; a client sets it
+ // through WebSocketClient. Safe to call while another thread is in read().
+ //
+ // Only a timeout set here is reported as Timeout. The compile-time default
+ // (CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND) is a backstop rather
+ // than a request for control, so when it elapses read() returns Fail and
+ // closes the connection, and `while (ws.read(msg))` ends as it always has.
+ void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+private:
+ friend class httplib::Server;
+ friend class WebSocketClient;
+
+ WebSocket(
+ Stream &strm, const Request &req, bool is_server,
+ time_t ping_interval_sec = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND,
+ int max_missed_pongs = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_MISSED_PONGS)
+ : strm_(strm), req_(req), is_server_(is_server),
+ ping_interval_sec_(ping_interval_sec),
+ max_missed_pongs_(max_missed_pongs) {
+ start_heartbeat();
+ }
+
+ WebSocket(
+ std::unique_ptr<Stream> &&owned_strm, const Request &req, bool is_server,
+ time_t ping_interval_sec = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND,
+ int max_missed_pongs = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_MISSED_PONGS)
+ : strm_(*owned_strm), owned_strm_(std::move(owned_strm)), req_(req),
+ is_server_(is_server), ping_interval_sec_(ping_interval_sec),
+ max_missed_pongs_(max_missed_pongs) {
+ start_heartbeat();
+ }
+
+ void start_heartbeat();
+ bool send_frame(Opcode op, const char *data, size_t len, bool fin = true);
+
+ Stream &strm_;
+ std::unique_ptr<Stream> owned_strm_;
+ Request req_;
+ bool is_server_;
+ time_t ping_interval_sec_;
+ int max_missed_pongs_;
+ int unacked_pings_ = 0;
+ std::atomic<bool> closed_{false};
+ // Set once the caller has bounded read() through set_read_timeout(). Until
+ // then the timeout in effect is the compile-time default, and elapsing it
+ // is a failure that closes the connection, not a Timeout.
+ std::atomic<bool> read_timeout_set_{false};
+ std::mutex write_mutex_;
+ // Owned by whichever thread is parsing frames off strm_. Only one thread
+ // may do so: read_websocket_frame() reads a payload until it has the whole
+ // declared length, so a second parser stealing bytes silently corrupts the
+ // message the first one is assembling.
+ std::mutex read_mutex_;
+ std::thread ping_thread_;
+ std::mutex ping_mutex_;
+ std::condition_variable ping_cv_;
+};
+
+class WebSocketClient {
+public:
+ explicit WebSocketClient(const std::string &scheme_host_port_path,
+ const Headers &headers = {});
+
+ ~WebSocketClient();
+ WebSocketClient(const WebSocketClient &) = delete;
+ WebSocketClient &operator=(const WebSocketClient &) = delete;
+
+ bool is_valid() const;
+
+ Result connect();
+ ReadResult read(std::string &msg);
+ bool send(const std::string &data);
+ bool send(const char *data, size_t len);
+ void close(CloseStatus status = CloseStatus::Normal,
+ const std::string &reason = "");
+ bool is_open() const;
+ const std::string &subprotocol() const;
+ void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_websocket_ping_interval(time_t sec);
+ void set_websocket_max_missed_pongs(int count);
+ void set_tcp_nodelay(bool on);
+ void set_address_family(int family);
+ void set_ipv6_v6only(bool on);
+ void set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options);
+
+ void set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
+ template <class Rep, class Period>
+ void
+ set_connection_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);
+
+ void set_interface(const std::string &intf);
+ void set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map);
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ struct PemMemory {
+ const char *cert_pem;
+ size_t cert_pem_len;
+ const char *key_pem;
+ size_t key_pem_len;
+ const char *private_key_password;
+ };
+ explicit WebSocketClient(const std::string &scheme_host_port_path,
+ const PemMemory &pem, const Headers &headers = {});
+
+ void set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
+ const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path = std::string());
+ void set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t store);
+ void load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert, std::size_t size);
+ void enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
+ void enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled);
+ void enable_system_ca(bool enabled);
+#endif
+
+private:
+ void shutdown_and_close();
+ bool create_stream(std::unique_ptr<Stream> &strm, Error &error,
+ int &ssl_error, uint64_t &ssl_backend_error);
+ void prepare_default_headers(Request &req);
+
+ std::string host_;
+ int port_;
+ std::string path_;
+ Headers headers_;
+ std::string subprotocol_;
+ bool is_valid_ = false;
+ socket_t sock_ = INVALID_SOCKET;
+ std::unique_ptr<WebSocket> ws_;
+ time_t read_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t read_timeout_usec_ = 0;
+ bool read_timeout_set_ = false; // see WebSocket::read_timeout_set_
+ time_t write_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t write_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
+ time_t websocket_ping_interval_sec_ =
+ CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND;
+ int websocket_max_missed_pongs_ = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_MISSED_PONGS;
+ int address_family_ = AF_UNSPEC;
+ bool tcp_nodelay_ = CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY;
+ bool ipv6_v6only_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY;
+ SocketOptions socket_options_ = nullptr;
+ time_t connection_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
+ time_t connection_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
+ std::string interface_;
+
+ // Hostname to connection target map. The value is an IP literal or another
+ // hostname; only the connection target changes, never the identity.
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map_;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ bool is_ssl_ = false;
+ tls::ctx_t tls_ctx_ = nullptr;
+ tls::session_t tls_session_ = nullptr;
+ std::string ca_cert_file_path_;
+ std::string ca_cert_dir_path_;
+ bool custom_ca_loaded_ = false;
+ bool certs_loaded_ = false;
+ SystemCAMode system_ca_mode_ = SystemCAMode::Auto;
+ bool server_certificate_verification_ = true;
+ bool server_hostname_verification_ = true;
+#endif
+};
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void WebSocket::set_read_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
+ duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_read_timeout(sec, usec); });
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_read_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
+ duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_read_timeout(sec, usec); });
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_write_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
+ duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_write_timeout(sec, usec); });
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_connection_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ set_connection_timeout(sec, usec);
+ });
+}
+
+namespace impl {
+
+bool is_valid_utf8(const std::string &s);
+
+// Three states, because a failure that consumed bytes and one that consumed
+// none are not the same thing: the first has left the stream in the middle of
+// a frame and the connection cannot be reused, the second can just be retried.
+enum class FrameRead { Ok, Fail, Timeout };
+
+FrameRead read_websocket_frame(Stream &strm, Opcode &opcode,
+ std::string &payload, bool &fin,
+ bool expect_masked, size_t max_len);
+
+} // namespace impl
+
+} // namespace ws
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*
+ * Implementation that will be part of the .cc file if split into .h + .cc.
+ */
+
+namespace stream {
+
+// stream::Result implementations
+inline Result::Result() : chunk_size_(8192) {}
+
+inline Result::Result(ClientImpl::StreamHandle &&handle, size_t chunk_size)
+ : handle_(std::move(handle)), chunk_size_(chunk_size) {}
+
+inline Result::Result(Result &&other) noexcept
+ : handle_(std::move(other.handle_)), buffer_(std::move(other.buffer_)),
+ current_size_(other.current_size_), chunk_size_(other.chunk_size_),
+ finished_(other.finished_) {
+ other.current_size_ = 0;
+ other.finished_ = true;
+}
+
+inline Result &Result::operator=(Result &&other) noexcept {
+ if (this != &other) {
+ handle_ = std::move(other.handle_);
+ buffer_ = std::move(other.buffer_);
+ current_size_ = other.current_size_;
+ chunk_size_ = other.chunk_size_;
+ finished_ = other.finished_;
+ other.current_size_ = 0;
+ other.finished_ = true;
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline bool Result::is_valid() const { return handle_.is_valid(); }
+inline Result::operator bool() const { return is_valid(); }
+
+inline int Result::status() const {
+ return handle_.response ? handle_.response->status : -1;
+}
+
+inline const Headers &Result::headers() const {
+ static const Headers empty_headers;
+ return handle_.response ? handle_.response->headers : empty_headers;
+}
+
+inline std::string Result::get_header_value(const std::string &key,
+ const char *def) const {
+ return handle_.response ? handle_.response->get_header_value(key, def) : def;
+}
+
+inline bool Result::has_header(const std::string &key) const {
+ return handle_.response ? handle_.response->has_header(key) : false;
+}
+
+inline Error Result::error() const { return handle_.error; }
+inline Error Result::read_error() const { return handle_.get_read_error(); }
+inline bool Result::has_read_error() const { return handle_.has_read_error(); }
+
+inline bool Result::next() {
+ if (!handle_.is_valid() || finished_) { return false; }
+
+ if (buffer_.size() < chunk_size_) { buffer_.resize(chunk_size_); }
+
+ ssize_t n = handle_.read(&buffer_[0], chunk_size_);
+ if (n > 0) {
+ current_size_ = static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ current_size_ = 0;
+ finished_ = true;
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline const char *Result::data() const { return buffer_.data(); }
+inline size_t Result::size() const { return current_size_; }
+
+inline std::string Result::read_all() {
+ std::string result;
+ while (next()) {
+ result.append(data(), size());
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+} // namespace stream
+
+namespace sse {
+
+// SSEMessage implementations
+inline SSEMessage::SSEMessage() : event("message") {}
+
+inline void SSEMessage::clear() {
+ event = "message";
+ data.clear();
+ id.clear();
+}
+
+// SSEClient implementations
+inline SSEClient::SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path)
+ : client_(client), path_(path) {}
+
+inline SSEClient::SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers)
+ : client_(client), path_(path), headers_(headers) {}
+
+inline SSEClient::~SSEClient() { stop(); }
+
+inline SSEClient &SSEClient::on_message(MessageHandler handler) {
+ on_message_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline SSEClient &SSEClient::on_event(const std::string &type,
+ MessageHandler handler) {
+ event_handlers_[type] = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline SSEClient &SSEClient::on_open(OpenHandler handler) {
+ on_open_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline SSEClient &SSEClient::on_error(ErrorHandler handler) {
+ on_error_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline SSEClient &SSEClient::set_reconnect_interval(int ms) {
+ reconnect_interval_ms_ = ms;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline SSEClient &SSEClient::set_max_reconnect_attempts(int n) {
+ max_reconnect_attempts_ = n;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline SSEClient &SSEClient::set_headers(const Headers &headers) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(headers_mutex_);
+ headers_ = headers;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline bool SSEClient::is_connected() const { return connected_.load(); }
+
+inline const std::string &SSEClient::last_event_id() const {
+ return last_event_id_;
+}
+
+inline void SSEClient::start() {
+ running_.store(true);
+ run_event_loop();
+}
+
+inline void SSEClient::start_async() {
+ running_.store(true);
+ async_thread_ = std::thread([this]() { run_event_loop(); });
+}
+
+inline void SSEClient::stop() {
+ running_.store(false);
+ client_.stop(); // Cancel any pending operations
+ if (async_thread_.joinable()) { async_thread_.join(); }
+}
+
+inline bool SSEClient::parse_sse_line(const std::string &line, SSEMessage &msg,
+ int &retry_ms) {
+ // Blank line signals end of event
+ if (line.empty() || line == "\r") { return true; }
+
+ // Lines starting with ':' are comments (ignored)
+ if (!line.empty() && line[0] == ':') { return false; }
+
+ // Find the colon separator
+ auto colon_pos = line.find(':');
+ if (colon_pos == std::string::npos) {
+ // Line with no colon is treated as field name with empty value
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto field = line.substr(0, colon_pos);
+ std::string value;
+
+ // Value starts after colon, skip optional single space
+ if (colon_pos + 1 < line.size()) {
+ auto value_start = colon_pos + 1;
+ if (line[value_start] == ' ') { value_start++; }
+ value = line.substr(value_start);
+ // Remove trailing \r if present
+ if (!value.empty() && value.back() == '\r') { value.pop_back(); }
+ }
+
+ // Handle known fields
+ if (field == "event") {
+ msg.event = value;
+ } else if (field == "data") {
+ // Multiple data lines are concatenated with newlines
+ if (!msg.data.empty()) { msg.data += "\n"; }
+ msg.data += value;
+ } else if (field == "id") {
+ // Empty id is valid (clears the last event ID)
+ msg.id = value;
+ } else if (field == "retry") {
+ // Parse retry interval in milliseconds
+ {
+ int v = 0;
+ auto res =
+ detail::from_chars(value.data(), value.data() + value.size(), v);
+ if (res.ec == std::errc{}) { retry_ms = v; }
+ }
+ }
+ // Unknown fields are ignored per SSE spec
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline void SSEClient::run_event_loop() {
+ auto reconnect_count = 0;
+
+ while (running_.load()) {
+ // Build headers, including Last-Event-ID if we have one
+ Headers request_headers;
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(headers_mutex_);
+ request_headers = headers_;
+ }
+ if (!last_event_id_.empty()) {
+ request_headers.emplace("Last-Event-ID", last_event_id_);
+ }
+
+ // Open streaming connection
+ auto result = stream::Get(client_, path_, request_headers);
+
+ // Connection error handling
+ if (!result) {
+ connected_.store(false);
+ if (on_error_) { on_error_(result.error()); }
+
+ if (!should_reconnect(reconnect_count)) { break; }
+ wait_for_reconnect();
+ reconnect_count++;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (result.status() != StatusCode::OK_200) {
+ connected_.store(false);
+ if (on_error_) { on_error_(Error::Connection); }
+
+ // For certain errors, don't reconnect.
+ // Note: 401 is intentionally absent so that handlers can refresh
+ // credentials via set_headers() and let the client reconnect.
+ if (result.status() == StatusCode::NoContent_204 ||
+ result.status() == StatusCode::NotFound_404 ||
+ result.status() == StatusCode::Forbidden_403) {
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (!should_reconnect(reconnect_count)) { break; }
+ wait_for_reconnect();
+ reconnect_count++;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ // Connection successful
+ connected_.store(true);
+ reconnect_count = 0;
+ if (on_open_) { on_open_(); }
+
+ // Event receiving loop
+ std::string buffer;
+ SSEMessage current_msg;
+
+ while (running_.load() && result.next()) {
+ buffer.append(result.data(), result.size());
+
+ // Process complete lines in the buffer
+ size_t line_start = 0;
+ size_t newline_pos;
+
+ while ((newline_pos = buffer.find('\n', line_start)) !=
+ std::string::npos) {
+ auto line = buffer.substr(line_start, newline_pos - line_start);
+ line_start = newline_pos + 1;
+
+ // Parse the line and check if event is complete
+ auto event_complete =
+ parse_sse_line(line, current_msg, reconnect_interval_ms_);
+
+ if (event_complete && !current_msg.data.empty()) {
+ // Update last_event_id for reconnection
+ if (!current_msg.id.empty()) { last_event_id_ = current_msg.id; }
+
+ // Dispatch event to appropriate handler
+ dispatch_event(current_msg);
+
+ current_msg.clear();
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Keep unprocessed data in buffer
+ buffer.erase(0, line_start);
+ }
+
+ // Connection ended
+ connected_.store(false);
+
+ if (!running_.load()) { break; }
+
+ // Check for read errors
+ if (result.has_read_error()) {
+ if (on_error_) { on_error_(result.read_error()); }
+ }
+
+ if (!should_reconnect(reconnect_count)) { break; }
+ wait_for_reconnect();
+ reconnect_count++;
+ }
+
+ connected_.store(false);
+}
+
+inline void SSEClient::dispatch_event(const SSEMessage &msg) {
+ // Check for specific event type handler first
+ auto it = event_handlers_.find(msg.event);
+ if (it != event_handlers_.end()) {
+ it->second(msg);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Fall back to generic message handler
+ if (on_message_) { on_message_(msg); }
+}
+
+inline bool SSEClient::should_reconnect(int count) const {
+ if (!running_.load()) { return false; }
+ if (max_reconnect_attempts_ == 0) { return true; } // unlimited
+ return count < max_reconnect_attempts_;
+}
+
+inline void SSEClient::wait_for_reconnect() {
+ // Use small increments to check running_ flag frequently
+ auto waited = 0;
+ while (running_.load() && waited < reconnect_interval_ms_) {
+ std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
+ waited += 100;
+ }
+}
+
+} // namespace sse
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+/*
+ * TLS abstraction layer - internal function declarations
+ * These are implementation details and not part of the public API.
+ */
+namespace tls {
+
+// Client context
+ctx_t create_client_context();
+void free_context(ctx_t ctx);
+bool set_min_version(ctx_t ctx, Version version);
+bool load_ca_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *pem, size_t len);
+bool load_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *file_path);
+bool load_ca_dir(ctx_t ctx, const char *dir_path);
+bool load_system_certs(ctx_t ctx);
+bool set_client_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
+ const char *password);
+bool set_client_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
+ const char *key_path, const char *password);
+
+// Server context
+ctx_t create_server_context();
+bool set_server_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
+ const char *password);
+bool set_server_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
+ const char *key_path, const char *password);
+bool set_client_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_file, const char *ca_dir);
+void set_verify_client(ctx_t ctx, bool require);
+
+// Session management
+session_t create_session(ctx_t ctx, socket_t sock);
+void free_session(session_t session);
+bool set_sni(session_t session, const char *hostname, bool verify_hostname);
+
+// Handshake (non-blocking capable)
+TlsError connect(session_t session);
+TlsError accept(session_t session);
+
+// Handshake with timeout (blocking until timeout)
+bool connect_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock, time_t timeout_sec,
+ time_t timeout_usec, TlsError *err);
+bool accept_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock, time_t timeout_sec,
+ time_t timeout_usec, TlsError *err);
+
+// I/O (non-blocking capable)
+ssize_t read(session_t session, void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err);
+ssize_t write(session_t session, const void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err);
+int pending(const_session_t session);
+void shutdown(session_t session, bool graceful);
+
+// Connection state
+bool is_peer_closed(session_t session, socket_t sock);
+
+// Certificate verification
+cert_t get_peer_cert(const_session_t session);
+void free_cert(cert_t cert);
+bool verify_hostname(cert_t cert, const char *hostname);
+uint64_t hostname_mismatch_code();
+long get_verify_result(const_session_t session);
+
+// Certificate introspection
+std::string get_cert_subject_cn(cert_t cert);
+std::string get_cert_issuer_name(cert_t cert);
+bool get_cert_sans(cert_t cert, std::vector<SanEntry> &sans);
+bool get_cert_validity(cert_t cert, time_t &not_before, time_t &not_after);
+std::string get_cert_serial(cert_t cert);
+bool get_cert_der(cert_t cert, std::vector<unsigned char> &der);
+const char *get_sni(const_session_t session);
+
+// CA store management
+ca_store_t create_ca_store(const char *pem, size_t len);
+void free_ca_store(ca_store_t store);
+bool set_ca_store(ctx_t ctx, ca_store_t store);
+size_t get_ca_certs(ctx_t ctx, std::vector<cert_t> &certs);
+std::vector<std::string> get_ca_names(ctx_t ctx);
+
+// Dynamic certificate update (for servers)
+bool update_server_cert(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_pem, const char *key_pem,
+ const char *password);
+bool update_server_client_ca(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_pem);
+
+// Certificate verification callback
+bool set_verify_callback(ctx_t ctx, VerifyCallback callback);
+long get_verify_error(const_session_t session);
+std::string verify_error_string(long error_code);
+
+// TlsError information
+uint64_t peek_error();
+uint64_t get_error();
+std::string error_string(uint64_t code);
+
+} // namespace tls
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+/*
+ * Group 1: detail namespace - Non-SSL utilities
+ */
+
+namespace detail {
+
+inline bool set_socket_opt_impl(socket_t sock, int level, int optname,
+ const void *optval, socklen_t optlen) {
+ return setsockopt(sock, level, optname,
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ reinterpret_cast<const char *>(optval),
+#else
+ optval,
+#endif
+ optlen) == 0;
+}
+
+inline bool set_socket_opt_time(socket_t sock, int level, int optname,
+ time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ auto timeout = static_cast<uint32_t>(sec * 1000 + usec / 1000);
+#else
+ timeval timeout;
+ timeout.tv_sec = static_cast<long>(sec);
+ timeout.tv_usec = static_cast<decltype(timeout.tv_usec)>(usec);
+#endif
+ return set_socket_opt_impl(sock, level, optname, &timeout, sizeof(timeout));
+}
+
+inline bool is_hex(char c, int &v) {
+ if (is_ascii_digit(c)) {
+ v = c - '0';
+ return true;
+ } else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F') {
+ v = c - 'A' + 10;
+ return true;
+ } else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'f') {
+ v = c - 'a' + 10;
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline bool from_hex_to_i(const std::string &s, size_t i, size_t cnt,
+ int &val) {
+ if (i >= s.size()) { return false; }
+
+ val = 0;
+ for (; cnt; i++, cnt--) {
+ if (!s[i]) { return false; }
+ auto v = 0;
+ if (is_hex(s[i], v)) {
+ val = val * 16 + v;
+ } else {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline std::string from_i_to_hex(size_t n) {
+ static const auto charset = "0123456789abcdef";
+ std::string ret;
+ do {
+ ret = charset[n & 15] + ret;
+ n >>= 4;
+ } while (n > 0);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline std::string compute_etag(const FileStat &fs,
+ const std::string &suffix = std::string()) {
+ if (!fs.is_file()) { return std::string(); }
+
+ // If mtime cannot be determined (negative value indicates an error
+ // or sentinel), do not generate an ETag. Returning a neutral / fixed
+ // value like 0 could collide with a real file that legitimately has
+ // mtime == 0 (epoch) and lead to misleading validators.
+ auto mtime_raw = fs.mtime();
+ if (mtime_raw < 0) { return std::string(); }
+
+ auto mtime = static_cast<size_t>(mtime_raw);
+ auto size = fs.size();
+
+ return std::string("W/\"") + from_i_to_hex(mtime) + "-" +
+ from_i_to_hex(size) + suffix + "\"";
+}
+
+// Format time_t as HTTP-date (RFC 9110 Section 5.6.7): "Sun, 06 Nov 1994
+// 08:49:37 GMT" This implementation is defensive: it validates `mtime`, checks
+// return values from `gmtime_r`/`gmtime_s`, and ensures `strftime` succeeds.
+inline std::string file_mtime_to_http_date(time_t mtime) {
+ if (mtime < 0) { return std::string(); }
+
+ struct tm tm_buf;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ if (gmtime_s(&tm_buf, &mtime) != 0) { return std::string(); }
+#else
+ if (gmtime_r(&mtime, &tm_buf) == nullptr) { return std::string(); }
+#endif
+ char buf[64];
+ if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", &tm_buf) == 0) {
+ return std::string();
+ }
+
+ return std::string(buf);
+}
+
+// Parse HTTP-date (RFC 9110 Section 5.6.7) to time_t. Returns -1 on failure.
+inline time_t parse_http_date(const std::string &date_str) {
+ struct tm tm_buf;
+
+ // Create a classic locale object once for all parsing attempts
+ const std::locale classic_locale = std::locale::classic();
+
+ // Try to parse using std::get_time (C++11, cross-platform)
+ auto try_parse = [&](const char *fmt) -> bool {
+ std::istringstream ss(date_str);
+ ss.imbue(classic_locale);
+
+ memset(&tm_buf, 0, sizeof(tm_buf));
+ ss >> std::get_time(&tm_buf, fmt);
+
+ return !ss.fail();
+ };
+
+ // RFC 9110 preferred format (HTTP-date): "Sun, 06 Nov 1994 08:49:37 GMT"
+ if (!try_parse("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S")) {
+ // RFC 850 format: "Sunday, 06-Nov-94 08:49:37 GMT"
+ if (!try_parse("%A, %d-%b-%y %H:%M:%S")) {
+ // asctime format: "Sun Nov 6 08:49:37 1994"
+ if (!try_parse("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y")) {
+ return static_cast<time_t>(-1);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ return _mkgmtime(&tm_buf);
+#elif defined _AIX
+ return mktime(&tm_buf);
+#else
+ return timegm(&tm_buf);
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool is_weak_etag(const std::string &s) {
+ // Check if the string is a weak ETag (starts with 'W/"')
+ return s.size() > 3 && s[0] == 'W' && s[1] == '/' && s[2] == '"';
+}
+
+inline bool is_strong_etag(const std::string &s) {
+ // Check if the string is a strong ETag (starts and ends with '"', at least 2
+ // chars)
+ return s.size() >= 2 && s[0] == '"' && s.back() == '"';
+}
+
+inline size_t to_utf8(int code, char *buff) {
+ if (code < 0x0080) {
+ buff[0] = static_cast<char>(code & 0x7F);
+ return 1;
+ } else if (code < 0x0800) {
+ buff[0] = static_cast<char>(0xC0 | ((code >> 6) & 0x1F));
+ buff[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
+ return 2;
+ } else if (code < 0xD800) {
+ buff[0] = static_cast<char>(0xE0 | ((code >> 12) & 0xF));
+ buff[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
+ buff[2] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
+ return 3;
+ } else if (code < 0xE000) { // D800 - DFFF is invalid...
+ return 0;
+ } else if (code < 0x10000) {
+ buff[0] = static_cast<char>(0xE0 | ((code >> 12) & 0xF));
+ buff[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
+ buff[2] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
+ return 3;
+ } else if (code < 0x110000) {
+ buff[0] = static_cast<char>(0xF0 | ((code >> 18) & 0x7));
+ buff[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((code >> 12) & 0x3F));
+ buff[2] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
+ buff[3] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
+ return 4;
+ }
+
+ // NOTREACHED
+ return 0;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+namespace ws {
+namespace impl {
+
+inline bool is_valid_utf8(const std::string &s) {
+ size_t i = 0;
+ auto n = s.size();
+ while (i < n) {
+ auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(s[i]);
+ size_t len;
+ uint32_t cp;
+ if (c < 0x80) {
+ i++;
+ continue;
+ } else if ((c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
+ len = 2;
+ cp = c & 0x1F;
+ } else if ((c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
+ len = 3;
+ cp = c & 0x0F;
+ } else if ((c & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {
+ len = 4;
+ cp = c & 0x07;
+ } else {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (i + len > n) { return false; }
+ for (size_t j = 1; j < len; j++) {
+ auto b = static_cast<unsigned char>(s[i + j]);
+ if ((b & 0xC0) != 0x80) { return false; }
+ cp = (cp << 6) | (b & 0x3F);
+ }
+ // Overlong encoding check
+ if (len == 2 && cp < 0x80) { return false; }
+ if (len == 3 && cp < 0x800) { return false; }
+ if (len == 4 && cp < 0x10000) { return false; }
+ // Surrogate halves (U+D800..U+DFFF) and beyond U+10FFFF are invalid
+ if (cp >= 0xD800 && cp <= 0xDFFF) { return false; }
+ if (cp > 0x10FFFF) { return false; }
+ i += len;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace impl
+} // namespace ws
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// NOTE: This code came up with the following stackoverflow post:
+// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/180947/base64-decode-snippet-in-c
+inline std::string base64_encode(const std::string &in) {
+ static const auto lookup =
+ "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+
+ std::string out;
+ out.reserve(in.size());
+
+ // Unsigned: the accumulator is never masked, so with a signed int the
+ // `val << 8` below overflows once enough bytes are folded in (undefined
+ // behaviour before C++20). Only the low bits are ever emitted, so the
+ // wrap-around of an unsigned accumulator does not affect the output.
+ uint32_t val = 0;
+ auto valb = -6;
+
+ for (auto c : in) {
+ val = (val << 8) + static_cast<uint8_t>(c);
+ valb += 8;
+ while (valb >= 0) {
+ out.push_back(lookup[(val >> valb) & 0x3F]);
+ valb -= 6;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (valb > -6) { out.push_back(lookup[((val << 8) >> (valb + 8)) & 0x3F]); }
+
+ while (out.size() % 4) {
+ out.push_back('=');
+ }
+
+ return out;
+}
+
+inline std::string sha1(const std::string &input) {
+ // RFC 3174 SHA-1 implementation
+ auto left_rotate = [](uint32_t x, uint32_t n) -> uint32_t {
+ return (x << n) | (x >> (32 - n));
+ };
+
+ uint32_t h0 = 0x67452301;
+ uint32_t h1 = 0xEFCDAB89;
+ uint32_t h2 = 0x98BADCFE;
+ uint32_t h3 = 0x10325476;
+ uint32_t h4 = 0xC3D2E1F0;
+
+ // Pre-processing: adding padding bits
+ std::string msg = input;
+ uint64_t original_bit_len = static_cast<uint64_t>(msg.size()) * 8;
+ msg.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80u));
+ while (msg.size() % 64 != 56) {
+ msg.push_back(0);
+ }
+
+ // Append original length in bits as 64-bit big-endian
+ for (int i = 56; i >= 0; i -= 8) {
+ msg.push_back(static_cast<char>((original_bit_len >> i) & 0xFF));
+ }
+
+ // Process each 512-bit chunk
+ for (size_t offset = 0; offset < msg.size(); offset += 64) {
+ uint32_t w[80];
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+ w[i] =
+ (static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<uint8_t>(msg[offset + i * 4]))
+ << 24) |
+ (static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<uint8_t>(msg[offset + i * 4 + 1]))
+ << 16) |
+ (static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<uint8_t>(msg[offset + i * 4 + 2]))
+ << 8) |
+ (static_cast<uint32_t>(
+ static_cast<uint8_t>(msg[offset + i * 4 + 3])));
+ }
+
+ for (int i = 16; i < 80; i++) {
+ w[i] = left_rotate(w[i - 3] ^ w[i - 8] ^ w[i - 14] ^ w[i - 16], 1);
+ }
+
+ uint32_t a = h0, b = h1, c = h2, d = h3, e = h4;
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
+ uint32_t f, k;
+ if (i < 20) {
+ f = (b & c) | ((~b) & d);
+ k = 0x5A827999;
+ } else if (i < 40) {
+ f = b ^ c ^ d;
+ k = 0x6ED9EBA1;
+ } else if (i < 60) {
+ f = (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d);
+ k = 0x8F1BBCDC;
+ } else {
+ f = b ^ c ^ d;
+ k = 0xCA62C1D6;
+ }
+
+ uint32_t temp = left_rotate(a, 5) + f + e + k + w[i];
+ e = d;
+ d = c;
+ c = left_rotate(b, 30);
+ b = a;
+ a = temp;
+ }
+
+ h0 += a;
+ h1 += b;
+ h2 += c;
+ h3 += d;
+ h4 += e;
+ }
+
+ // Produce the final hash as a 20-byte binary string
+ std::string hash(20, '\0');
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+ hash[i] = static_cast<char>((h0 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
+ hash[4 + i] = static_cast<char>((h1 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
+ hash[8 + i] = static_cast<char>((h2 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
+ hash[12 + i] = static_cast<char>((h3 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
+ hash[16 + i] = static_cast<char>((h4 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
+ }
+ return hash;
+}
+
+inline std::string websocket_accept_key(const std::string &client_key) {
+ const std::string magic = "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11";
+ return base64_encode(sha1(client_key + magic));
+}
+
+inline bool is_websocket_upgrade(const Request &req) {
+ if (req.method != "GET") { return false; }
+
+ // Check Upgrade: websocket. RFC 9110 7.8 defines Upgrade as a comma-separated
+ // list of protocols and asks recipients to match each name
+ // case-insensitively, so look for the token rather than compare the whole
+ // field value.
+ if (!has_header_token(req.headers, "Upgrade", "websocket")) { return false; }
+
+ // Check Connection: Upgrade
+ if (!has_header_token(req.headers, "Connection", "upgrade")) { return false; }
+
+ // Check Sec-WebSocket-Key is a valid base64-encoded 16-byte value (24 chars)
+ // RFC 6455 Section 4.2.1
+ auto ws_key = req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Key");
+ if (ws_key.size() != 24 || ws_key[22] != '=' || ws_key[23] != '=') {
+ return false;
+ }
+ static const std::string b64chars =
+ "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 22; i++) {
+ if (b64chars.find(ws_key[i]) == std::string::npos) { return false; }
+ }
+
+ // Check Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
+ auto version = req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Version");
+ if (version != "13") { return false; }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool write_websocket_frame(Stream &strm, ws::Opcode opcode,
+ const char *data, size_t len, bool fin,
+ bool mask) {
+ // First byte: FIN + opcode
+ uint8_t header[2];
+ header[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>((fin ? 0x80 : 0x00) |
+ (static_cast<uint8_t>(opcode) & 0x0F));
+
+ // Second byte: MASK + payload length
+ if (len < 126) {
+ header[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(len);
+ if (mask) { header[1] |= 0x80; }
+ if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(header), 2) < 0) { return false; }
+ } else if (len <= 0xFFFF) {
+ header[1] = 126;
+ if (mask) { header[1] |= 0x80; }
+ if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(header), 2) < 0) { return false; }
+ uint8_t ext[2];
+ ext[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>((len >> 8) & 0xFF);
+ ext[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(len & 0xFF);
+ if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(ext), 2) < 0) { return false; }
+ } else {
+ header[1] = 127;
+ if (mask) { header[1] |= 0x80; }
+ if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(header), 2) < 0) { return false; }
+ uint8_t ext[8];
+ for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
+ ext[7 - i] =
+ static_cast<uint8_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(len) >> (i * 8)) & 0xFF);
+ }
+ if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(ext), 8) < 0) { return false; }
+ }
+
+ if (mask) {
+ // Generate random mask key
+ thread_local std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}());
+ uint8_t mask_key[4];
+ auto r = rng();
+ std::memcpy(mask_key, &r, 4);
+ if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(mask_key), 4) < 0) { return false; }
+
+ // Write masked payload in chunks
+ const size_t chunk_size = 4096;
+ std::vector<char> buf((std::min)(len, chunk_size));
+ for (size_t offset = 0; offset < len; offset += chunk_size) {
+ size_t n = (std::min)(chunk_size, len - offset);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ buf[i] =
+ data[offset + i] ^ static_cast<char>(mask_key[(offset + i) % 4]);
+ }
+ if (strm.write(buf.data(), n) < 0) { return false; }
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (len > 0) {
+ if (strm.write(data, len) < 0) { return false; }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+namespace ws {
+namespace impl {
+
+// Read exactly `size` bytes. Stream::read may return less than asked for -- it
+// hands back whatever its buffer already holds -- so every multi-byte field has
+// to loop. Reading a 2-byte header with a single read() fails whenever the
+// header straddles the read buffer's boundary.
+//
+// Timeout is reported only when nothing at all was consumed. Once a byte has
+// been taken the stream sits mid-field and cannot be resumed, so a timeout
+// there is a failure like any other. (When read() fails it always records why,
+// so the error belongs to this call and not to an earlier one.)
+inline FrameRead read_exact(Stream &strm, void *buf, size_t size) {
+ auto p = static_cast<char *>(buf);
+ size_t total = 0;
+ while (total < size) {
+ auto n = strm.read(p + total, size - total);
+ if (n <= 0) {
+ auto timed_out = total == 0 && strm.get_error() == Error::Timeout;
+ return timed_out ? FrameRead::Timeout : FrameRead::Fail;
+ }
+ total += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ }
+ return FrameRead::Ok;
+}
+
+inline FrameRead read_websocket_frame(Stream &strm, Opcode &opcode,
+ std::string &payload, bool &fin,
+ bool expect_masked, size_t max_len) {
+ // Read first 2 bytes. This is the only read that may report a timeout: it
+ // sits on a frame boundary, where nothing has been consumed yet.
+ uint8_t header[2];
+ FrameRead first = read_exact(strm, header, 2);
+ if (first != FrameRead::Ok) { return first; }
+
+ fin = (header[0] & 0x80) != 0;
+
+ // RSV1, RSV2, RSV3 must be 0 when no extension is negotiated
+ if (header[0] & 0x70) { return FrameRead::Fail; }
+
+ opcode = static_cast<Opcode>(header[0] & 0x0F);
+ bool masked = (header[1] & 0x80) != 0;
+ uint64_t payload_len = header[1] & 0x7F;
+
+ // RFC 6455 Section 5.5: control frames MUST NOT be fragmented and
+ // MUST have a payload length of 125 bytes or less
+ bool is_control = (static_cast<uint8_t>(opcode) & 0x08) != 0;
+ if (is_control) {
+ if (!fin) { return FrameRead::Fail; }
+ if (payload_len > 125) { return FrameRead::Fail; }
+ }
+
+ if (masked != expect_masked) { return FrameRead::Fail; }
+
+ // Extended payload length
+ if (payload_len == 126) {
+ uint8_t ext[2];
+ if (read_exact(strm, ext, 2) != FrameRead::Ok) { return FrameRead::Fail; }
+ payload_len = (static_cast<uint64_t>(ext[0]) << 8) | ext[1];
+ } else if (payload_len == 127) {
+ uint8_t ext[8];
+ if (read_exact(strm, ext, 8) != FrameRead::Ok) { return FrameRead::Fail; }
+ // RFC 6455 Section 5.2: the most significant bit MUST be 0
+ if (ext[0] & 0x80) { return FrameRead::Fail; }
+ payload_len = 0;
+ for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+ payload_len = (payload_len << 8) | ext[i];
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (payload_len > max_len) { return FrameRead::Fail; }
+
+ // Read mask key if present
+ uint8_t mask_key[4] = {0};
+ if (masked) {
+ if (read_exact(strm, mask_key, 4) != FrameRead::Ok) {
+ return FrameRead::Fail;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Read payload
+ payload.resize(static_cast<size_t>(payload_len));
+ if (payload_len > 0 &&
+ read_exact(strm, &payload[0], static_cast<size_t>(payload_len)) !=
+ FrameRead::Ok) {
+ return FrameRead::Fail;
+ }
+
+ // Unmask if needed
+ if (masked) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < payload.size(); i++) {
+ payload[i] ^= static_cast<char>(mask_key[i % 4]);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return FrameRead::Ok;
+}
+
+} // namespace impl
+} // namespace ws
+
+namespace detail {
+
+inline bool is_valid_path(const std::string &path) {
+ size_t level = 0;
+ size_t i = 0;
+
+ // Skip slash
+ while (i < path.size() && path[i] == '/') {
+ i++;
+ }
+
+ while (i < path.size()) {
+ // Read component
+ auto beg = i;
+ while (i < path.size() && path[i] != '/') {
+ if (path[i] == '\0') {
+ return false;
+ } else if (path[i] == '\\') {
+ return false;
+ }
+ i++;
+ }
+
+ auto len = i - beg;
+ assert(len > 0);
+
+ if (!path.compare(beg, len, ".")) {
+ ;
+ } else if (!path.compare(beg, len, "..")) {
+ if (level == 0) { return false; }
+ level--;
+ } else {
+ level++;
+ }
+
+ // Skip slash
+ while (i < path.size() && path[i] == '/') {
+ i++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool canonicalize_path(const char *path, std::string &resolved) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ char buf[_MAX_PATH];
+ if (_fullpath(buf, path, _MAX_PATH) == nullptr) { return false; }
+ resolved = buf;
+#elif defined(PATH_MAX)
+ char buf[PATH_MAX];
+ if (realpath(path, buf) == nullptr) { return false; }
+ resolved = buf;
+#else
+ auto buf = realpath(path, nullptr);
+ auto guard = scope_exit([&]() { std::free(buf); });
+ if (buf == nullptr) { return false; }
+ resolved = buf;
+#endif
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool is_path_within_base(const std::string &resolved_path,
+ const std::string &resolved_base) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ return _strnicmp(resolved_path.c_str(), resolved_base.c_str(),
+ resolved_base.size()) == 0;
+#else
+ return strncmp(resolved_path.c_str(), resolved_base.c_str(),
+ resolved_base.size()) == 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+inline FileStat::FileStat(const std::string &path) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ auto wpath = u8string_to_wstring(path.c_str());
+ ret_ = _wstat(wpath.c_str(), &st_);
+#else
+ ret_ = stat(path.c_str(), &st_);
+#endif
+}
+inline bool FileStat::is_file() const {
+ return ret_ >= 0 && S_ISREG(st_.st_mode);
+}
+inline bool FileStat::is_dir() const {
+ return ret_ >= 0 && S_ISDIR(st_.st_mode);
+}
+
+inline time_t FileStat::mtime() const {
+ return ret_ >= 0 ? static_cast<time_t>(st_.st_mtime)
+ : static_cast<time_t>(-1);
+}
+
+inline size_t FileStat::size() const {
+ return ret_ >= 0 ? static_cast<size_t>(st_.st_size) : 0;
+}
+
+inline std::string encode_path(const std::string &s) {
+ std::string result;
+ result.reserve(s.size());
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; s[i]; i++) {
+ switch (s[i]) {
+ case ' ': result += "%20"; break;
+ case '+': result += "%2B"; break;
+ case '\r': result += "%0D"; break;
+ case '\n': result += "%0A"; break;
+ case '\'': result += "%27"; break;
+ case ',': result += "%2C"; break;
+ // case ':': result += "%3A"; break; // ok? probably...
+ case ';': result += "%3B"; break;
+ default:
+ auto c = static_cast<uint8_t>(s[i]);
+ if (c >= 0x80) {
+ result += '%';
+ char hex[4];
+ auto len = snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex) - 1, "%02X", c);
+ assert(len == 2);
+ result.append(hex, static_cast<size_t>(len));
+ } else {
+ result += s[i];
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string file_extension(const std::string &path) {
+ std::smatch m;
+ thread_local auto re = std::regex("\\.([a-zA-Z0-9]+)$");
+ if (std::regex_search(path, m, re)) { return m[1].str(); }
+ return std::string();
+}
+
+inline bool is_space_or_tab(char c) { return c == ' ' || c == '\t'; }
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool parse_header(const char *beg, const char *end, T fn);
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool parse_header(const char *beg, const char *end, T fn) {
+ // Skip trailing spaces and tabs.
+ while (beg < end && is_space_or_tab(end[-1])) {
+ end--;
+ }
+
+ auto p = beg;
+ while (p < end && *p != ':') {
+ p++;
+ }
+
+ auto name = std::string(beg, p);
+ if (!detail::fields::is_field_name(name)) { return false; }
+
+ if (p == end) { return false; }
+
+ auto key_end = p;
+
+ if (*p++ != ':') { return false; }
+
+ while (p < end && is_space_or_tab(*p)) {
+ p++;
+ }
+
+ if (p <= end) {
+ auto key_len = key_end - beg;
+ if (!key_len) { return false; }
+
+ auto key = std::string(beg, key_end);
+ auto val = std::string(p, end);
+
+ if (!detail::fields::is_field_value(val)) { return false; }
+
+ // RFC 9110 §5.5: header field values are opaque octets and MUST NOT be
+ // percent-decoded by the recipient. Applications that need to interpret a
+ // value as a URI component should call httplib::decode_uri_component()
+ // (or decode_path_component()) explicitly.
+ fn(key, val);
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline bool parse_trailers(stream_line_reader &line_reader, Headers &dest,
+ const Headers &src_headers) {
+ // NOTE: In RFC 9112, '7.1 Chunked Transfer Coding' mentions "The chunked
+ // transfer coding is complete when a chunk with a chunk-size of zero is
+ // received, possibly followed by a trailer section, and finally terminated by
+ // an empty line". https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9112.html#section-7.1
+ //
+ // In '7.1.3. Decoding Chunked', however, the pseudo-code in the section
+ // doesn't care for the existence of the final CRLF. In other words, it seems
+ // to be ok whether the final CRLF exists or not in the chunked data.
+ // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9112.html#section-7.1.3
+ //
+ // According to the reference code in RFC 9112, cpp-httplib now allows
+ // chunked transfer coding data without the final CRLF.
+
+ // RFC 7230 Section 4.1.2 - Headers prohibited in trailers
+ thread_local case_ignore::unordered_set<std::string> prohibited_trailers = {
+ "transfer-encoding",
+ "content-length",
+ "host",
+ "authorization",
+ "www-authenticate",
+ "proxy-authenticate",
+ "proxy-authorization",
+ "cookie",
+ "set-cookie",
+ "cache-control",
+ "expect",
+ "max-forwards",
+ "pragma",
+ "range",
+ "te",
+ "age",
+ "expires",
+ "date",
+ "location",
+ "retry-after",
+ "vary",
+ "warning",
+ "content-encoding",
+ "content-type",
+ "content-range",
+ "trailer"};
+
+ case_ignore::unordered_set<std::string> declared_trailers;
+ auto trailer_header = get_combined_header_value(src_headers, "Trailer");
+ if (!trailer_header.empty()) {
+ // split() trims each token and skips empty ones, so the name arrives ready
+ // to look up.
+ split(trailer_header.data(), trailer_header.data() + trailer_header.size(),
+ ',', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ // A legitimate message declares only a handful of trailers. Cap the
+ // set so a peer cannot grow it without bound: an oversized set only
+ // arises from an attempt to force many colliding names into
+ // quadratic lookups (case_ignore::hash is unkeyed).
+ if (declared_trailers.size() >= CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT) {
+ return;
+ }
+ std::string key(b, e);
+ if (prohibited_trailers.find(key) == prohibited_trailers.end()) {
+ declared_trailers.insert(key);
+ }
+ });
+ }
+
+ size_t trailer_header_count = 0;
+ while (strcmp(line_reader.ptr(), "\r\n") != 0) {
+ if (line_reader.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH) { return false; }
+ // Count every received trailer field, not only the declared ones stored in
+ // dest, so undeclared fields cannot keep this loop running past the limit.
+ if (trailer_header_count >= CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT) { return false; }
+
+ constexpr auto line_terminator_len = 2;
+ auto line_beg = line_reader.ptr();
+ auto line_end =
+ line_reader.ptr() + line_reader.size() - line_terminator_len;
+
+ if (!parse_header(line_beg, line_end,
+ [&](const std::string &key, const std::string &val) {
+ if (declared_trailers.find(key) !=
+ declared_trailers.end()) {
+ dest.emplace(key, val);
+ }
+ })) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ trailer_header_count++;
+
+ if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline std::pair<size_t, size_t> trim(const char *b, const char *e, size_t left,
+ size_t right) {
+ while (b + left < e && is_space_or_tab(b[left])) {
+ left++;
+ }
+ while (right > 0 && is_space_or_tab(b[right - 1])) {
+ right--;
+ }
+ return std::make_pair(left, right);
+}
+
+inline std::string trim_copy(const std::string &s) {
+ auto r = trim(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), 0, s.size());
+ return s.substr(r.first, r.second - r.first);
+}
+
+inline std::string trim_double_quotes_copy(const std::string &s) {
+ if (s.length() >= 2 && s.front() == '"' && s.back() == '"') {
+ return s.substr(1, s.size() - 2);
+ }
+ return s;
+}
+
+inline void
+divide(const char *data, std::size_t size, char d,
+ std::function<void(const char *, std::size_t, const char *, std::size_t)>
+ fn) {
+ const auto it = std::find(data, data + size, d);
+ const auto found = static_cast<std::size_t>(it != data + size);
+ const auto lhs_data = data;
+ const auto lhs_size = static_cast<std::size_t>(it - data);
+ const auto rhs_data = it + found;
+ const auto rhs_size = size - lhs_size - found;
+
+ fn(lhs_data, lhs_size, rhs_data, rhs_size);
+}
+
+inline void
+divide(const std::string &str, char d,
+ std::function<void(const char *, std::size_t, const char *, std::size_t)>
+ fn) {
+ divide(str.data(), str.size(), d, std::move(fn));
+}
+
+inline void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d,
+ std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
+ return split(b, e, d, (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(), std::move(fn));
+}
+
+inline void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d, size_t m,
+ std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
+ size_t i = 0;
+ size_t beg = 0;
+ size_t count = 1;
+
+ while (e ? (b + i < e) : (b[i] != '\0')) {
+ if (b[i] == d && count < m) {
+ auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
+ if (r.first < r.second) { fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]); }
+ beg = i + 1;
+ count++;
+ }
+ i++;
+ }
+
+ if (i) {
+ auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
+ if (r.first < r.second) { fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]); }
+ }
+}
+
+// Same contract as split(), except that a delimiter inside a quoted-string is
+// not a delimiter. RFC 9110 Section 5.6.6 lets a parameter value be a
+// quoted-string, and ';' and '=' are legal characters inside one.
+inline void split_unquoted(const char *b, const char *e, char d, size_t m,
+ std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
+ size_t i = 0;
+ size_t beg = 0;
+ size_t count = 1;
+ auto in_quotes = false;
+
+ while (e ? (b + i < e) : (b[i] != '\0')) {
+ if (b[i] == '"') {
+ in_quotes = !in_quotes;
+ } else if (b[i] == d && !in_quotes && count < m) {
+ auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
+ if (r.first < r.second) { fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]); }
+ beg = i + 1;
+ count++;
+ }
+ i++;
+ }
+
+ if (i) {
+ auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
+ if (r.first < r.second) { fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]); }
+ }
+}
+
+inline void split_unquoted(const char *b, const char *e, char d,
+ std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
+ return split_unquoted(b, e, d, (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(),
+ std::move(fn));
+}
+
+// Divide a header parameter at its first '='. RFC 9110 Section 5.6.6 makes the
+// key a token, so the first '=' is the separator even when the value is a
+// quoted-string carrying more of them.
+inline void divide_param_pair(const char *b, const char *e, std::string &key,
+ std::string &val) {
+ divide(
+ b, static_cast<std::size_t>(e - b), '=',
+ [&](const char *kb, std::size_t klen, const char *vb, std::size_t vlen) {
+ const auto kr = trim(kb, kb + klen, 0, klen);
+ key.assign(kb + kr.first, kb + kr.second);
+ const auto vr = trim(vb, vb + vlen, 0, vlen);
+ val.assign(vb + vr.first, vb + vr.second);
+ });
+}
+
+inline bool split_find(const char *b, const char *e, char d, size_t m,
+ std::function<bool(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
+ size_t i = 0;
+ size_t beg = 0;
+ size_t count = 1;
+
+ while (e ? (b + i < e) : (b[i] != '\0')) {
+ if (b[i] == d && count < m) {
+ auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
+ if (r.first < r.second) {
+ auto found = fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]);
+ if (found) { return true; }
+ }
+ beg = i + 1;
+ count++;
+ }
+ i++;
+ }
+
+ if (i) {
+ auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
+ if (r.first < r.second) {
+ auto found = fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]);
+ if (found) { return true; }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline bool split_find(const char *b, const char *e, char d,
+ std::function<bool(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
+ return split_find(b, e, d, (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(),
+ std::move(fn));
+}
+
+inline stream_line_reader::stream_line_reader(Stream &strm, char *fixed_buffer,
+ size_t fixed_buffer_size)
+ : strm_(strm), fixed_buffer_(fixed_buffer),
+ fixed_buffer_size_(fixed_buffer_size) {}
+
+inline const char *stream_line_reader::ptr() const {
+ if (growable_buffer_.empty()) {
+ return fixed_buffer_;
+ } else {
+ return growable_buffer_.data();
+ }
+}
+
+inline size_t stream_line_reader::size() const {
+ if (growable_buffer_.empty()) {
+ return fixed_buffer_used_size_;
+ } else {
+ return growable_buffer_.size();
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool stream_line_reader::end_with_crlf() const {
+ auto end = ptr() + size();
+ return size() >= 2 && end[-2] == '\r' && end[-1] == '\n';
+}
+
+inline bool stream_line_reader::getline() {
+ fixed_buffer_used_size_ = 0;
+ growable_buffer_.clear();
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
+ char prev_byte = 0;
+#endif
+
+ for (size_t i = 0;; i++) {
+ // Fast path: whatever the stream has already buffered can be scanned for
+ // the terminator in one pass. Asking for a byte at a time costs a virtual
+ // call, a bounds check and a one-byte copy per character of the request.
+ size_t buffered_size = 0;
+ if (auto buffered = strm_.buffered_data(buffered_size)) {
+ auto take = buffered_size;
+ auto terminated = false;
+
+ for (size_t at = 0; at < buffered_size;) {
+ auto nl = static_cast<const char *>(
+ memchr(buffered + at, '\n', buffered_size - at));
+ if (!nl) { break; }
+ auto pos = static_cast<size_t>(nl - buffered);
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
+ take = pos + 1;
+ terminated = true;
+ break;
+#else
+ // A bare LF does not end the line; keep looking for CRLF. The CR may
+ // be the last byte of an earlier chunk, hence prev_byte.
+ if ((pos > 0 ? buffered[pos - 1] : prev_byte) == '\r') {
+ take = pos + 1;
+ terminated = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ at = pos + 1;
+#endif
+ }
+
+ if (size() + take > CPPHTTPLIB_MAX_LINE_LENGTH) { return false; }
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
+ prev_byte = buffered[take - 1];
+#endif
+ append(buffered, take);
+ strm_.consume_buffered(take);
+ i += take;
+ if (terminated) { return true; }
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (size() >= CPPHTTPLIB_MAX_LINE_LENGTH) {
+ // Treat exceptionally long lines as an error to
+ // prevent infinite loops/memory exhaustion
+ return false;
+ }
+ char byte;
+ auto n = strm_.read(&byte, 1);
+
+ if (n < 0) {
+ return false;
+ } else if (n == 0) {
+ if (i == 0) {
+ return false;
+ } else {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ append(byte);
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
+ if (byte == '\n') { break; }
+#else
+ if (prev_byte == '\r' && byte == '\n') { break; }
+ prev_byte = byte;
+#endif
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void stream_line_reader::append(char c) { append(&c, 1); }
+
+inline void stream_line_reader::append(const char *data, size_t size) {
+ // Once the line has outgrown the fixed buffer everything must keep going to
+ // the growable one, even if a later chunk would have fit. Without the
+ // emptiness check a short append after a long one would land in the fixed
+ // buffer, which ptr() and size() no longer look at, and be lost.
+ if (growable_buffer_.empty() &&
+ fixed_buffer_used_size_ + size < fixed_buffer_size_) {
+ memcpy(fixed_buffer_ + fixed_buffer_used_size_, data, size);
+ fixed_buffer_used_size_ += size;
+ fixed_buffer_[fixed_buffer_used_size_] = '\0';
+ } else {
+ // Unlike the per-character overload, this can be the very first append of
+ // the line, so the fixed buffer may hold nothing and carry no terminator
+ // yet. assign() takes an explicit length and does not need one.
+ if (growable_buffer_.empty()) {
+ growable_buffer_.assign(fixed_buffer_, fixed_buffer_used_size_);
+ }
+ growable_buffer_.append(data, size);
+ }
+}
+
+inline mmap::mmap(const char *path) { open(path); }
+
+inline mmap::~mmap() { close(); }
+
+inline bool mmap::open(const char *path) {
+ close();
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ auto wpath = u8string_to_wstring(path);
+ if (wpath.empty()) { return false; }
+
+ hFile_ =
+ ::CreateFile2(wpath.c_str(), GENERIC_READ,
+ FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL);
+
+ if (hFile_ == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { return false; }
+
+ LARGE_INTEGER size{};
+ if (!::GetFileSizeEx(hFile_, &size)) { return false; }
+ // If the following line doesn't compile due to QuadPart, update Windows SDK.
+ // See:
+ // https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/issues/1903#issuecomment-2316520721
+ if (static_cast<ULONGLONG>(size.QuadPart) >
+ (std::numeric_limits<decltype(size_)>::max)()) {
+ // `size_t` might be 32-bits, on 32-bits Windows.
+ return false;
+ }
+ size_ = static_cast<size_t>(size.QuadPart);
+
+ hMapping_ =
+ ::CreateFileMappingFromApp(hFile_, NULL, PAGE_READONLY, size_, NULL);
+
+ // Special treatment for an empty file...
+ if (hMapping_ == NULL && size_ == 0) {
+ close();
+ is_open_empty_file = true;
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ if (hMapping_ == NULL) {
+ close();
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ addr_ = ::MapViewOfFileFromApp(hMapping_, FILE_MAP_READ, 0, 0);
+
+ if (addr_ == nullptr) {
+ close();
+ return false;
+ }
+#else
+ fd_ = ::open(path, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd_ == -1) { return false; }
+
+ struct stat sb;
+ if (fstat(fd_, &sb) == -1) {
+ close();
+ return false;
+ }
+ size_ = static_cast<size_t>(sb.st_size);
+
+ addr_ = ::mmap(NULL, size_, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd_, 0);
+
+ // Special treatment for an empty file...
+ if (addr_ == MAP_FAILED && size_ == 0) {
+ close();
+ is_open_empty_file = true;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (addr_ == MAP_FAILED) {
+ // Clear the sentinel before `close()`, since `is_open()` only checks
+ // `addr_` against nullptr and `munmap()` must not be called with it.
+ addr_ = nullptr;
+ close();
+ return false;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool mmap::is_open() const {
+ return is_open_empty_file ? true : addr_ != nullptr;
+}
+
+inline size_t mmap::size() const { return size_; }
+
+inline const char *mmap::data() const {
+ return is_open_empty_file ? "" : static_cast<const char *>(addr_);
+}
+
+inline void mmap::close() {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ if (addr_) {
+ ::UnmapViewOfFile(addr_);
+ addr_ = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ if (hMapping_) {
+ ::CloseHandle(hMapping_);
+ hMapping_ = NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (hFile_ != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+ ::CloseHandle(hFile_);
+ hFile_ = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+ }
+
+ is_open_empty_file = false;
+#else
+ if (addr_ != nullptr) {
+ munmap(addr_, size_);
+ addr_ = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ if (fd_ != -1) {
+ ::close(fd_);
+ fd_ = -1;
+ }
+#endif
+ size_ = 0;
+}
+inline int close_socket(socket_t sock) noexcept {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ return closesocket(sock);
+#else
+ return close(sock);
+#endif
+}
+
+template <typename T> inline ssize_t handle_EINTR(T fn) {
+ ssize_t res = 0;
+ while (true) {
+ res = fn();
+ if (res < 0 && errno == EINTR) {
+ std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds{1});
+ continue;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ return res;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t read_socket(socket_t sock, void *ptr, size_t size, int flags) {
+ return handle_EINTR([&]() {
+ return recv(sock,
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ static_cast<char *>(ptr), static_cast<int>(size),
+#else
+ ptr, size,
+#endif
+ flags);
+ });
+}
+
+inline ssize_t send_socket(socket_t sock, const void *ptr, size_t size,
+ int flags) {
+ return handle_EINTR([&]() {
+ return send(sock,
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ static_cast<const char *>(ptr), static_cast<int>(size),
+#else
+ ptr, size,
+#endif
+ flags);
+ });
+}
+
+inline int poll_wrapper(struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ return ::WSAPoll(fds, nfds, timeout);
+#else
+ return ::poll(fds, nfds, timeout);
+#endif
+}
+
+inline ssize_t select_impl(socket_t sock, short events, time_t sec,
+ time_t usec) {
+ struct pollfd pfd;
+ pfd.fd = sock;
+ pfd.events = events;
+ pfd.revents = 0;
+
+ // A negative timeout waits forever, poll's own convention. 0 keeps meaning
+ // "return immediately", which callers here rely on to probe a socket.
+ auto timeout = sec < 0 ? -1 : static_cast<int>(sec * 1000 + usec / 1000);
+
+ return handle_EINTR([&]() { return poll_wrapper(&pfd, 1, timeout); });
+}
+
+inline ssize_t select_read(socket_t sock, time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ return select_impl(sock, POLLIN, sec, usec);
+}
+
+inline ssize_t select_write(socket_t sock, time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ return select_impl(sock, POLLOUT, sec, usec);
+}
+
+inline Error wait_until_socket_is_ready(socket_t sock, time_t sec,
+ time_t usec) {
+ struct pollfd pfd_read;
+ pfd_read.fd = sock;
+ pfd_read.events = POLLIN | POLLOUT;
+ pfd_read.revents = 0;
+
+ auto timeout = static_cast<int>(sec * 1000 + usec / 1000);
+
+ auto poll_res =
+ handle_EINTR([&]() { return poll_wrapper(&pfd_read, 1, timeout); });
+
+ if (poll_res == 0) { return Error::ConnectionTimeout; }
+
+ if (poll_res > 0 && pfd_read.revents & (POLLIN | POLLOUT)) {
+ auto error = 0;
+ socklen_t len = sizeof(error);
+ auto res = getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,
+ reinterpret_cast<char *>(&error), &len);
+ auto successful = res >= 0 && !error;
+ return successful ? Error::Success : Error::Connection;
+ }
+
+ return Error::Connection;
+}
+
+inline bool is_socket_alive(socket_t sock) {
+ const auto val = detail::select_read(sock, 0, 0);
+ if (val == 0) {
+ return true;
+ } else if (val < 0 && errno == EBADF) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ char buf[1];
+ return detail::read_socket(sock, &buf[0], sizeof(buf), MSG_PEEK) > 0;
+}
+
+class SocketStream final : public Stream {
+public:
+ SocketStream(socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
+ time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec,
+ time_t max_timeout_msec = 0,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time =
+ (std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min)());
+ ~SocketStream() override;
+
+ bool is_readable() const override;
+ bool wait_readable() const override;
+ bool wait_writable() const override;
+ bool is_peer_alive() const override;
+ ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override;
+ ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) override;
+ void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
+ void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
+ socket_t socket() const override;
+ time_t duration() const override;
+ void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0) override;
+ const char *buffered_data(size_t &size) const override;
+ void consume_buffered(size_t size) override;
+
+ // The caller has just seen this socket become readable. Lets the next read
+ // skip its own readiness wait, which would otherwise ask the kernel a
+ // question that was answered a moment ago. Consumed by that read.
+ void set_readable_hint() { readable_hint_ = true; }
+
+private:
+ bool ensure_readable();
+
+ socket_t sock_;
+ // Atomic because ws::WebSocket::set_read_timeout() reaches this from another
+ // thread while a read is in flight -- that is the point of it, for a caller
+ // holding one connection and wanting control back to send on it.
+ std::atomic<time_t> read_timeout_sec_;
+ std::atomic<time_t> read_timeout_usec_;
+ time_t write_timeout_sec_;
+ time_t write_timeout_usec_;
+ time_t max_timeout_msec_;
+ const std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_;
+
+ std::vector<char> read_buff_;
+ size_t read_buff_off_ = 0;
+ size_t read_buff_content_size_ = 0;
+ bool readable_hint_ = false;
+
+ static const size_t read_buff_size_ = 1024l * 4;
+};
+
+inline bool keep_alive(const std::atomic<socket_t> &svr_sock, socket_t sock,
+ time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec) {
+ using namespace std::chrono;
+
+ const auto interval_usec =
+ CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_CHECK_INTERVAL_USECOND;
+
+ // Avoid expensive `steady_clock::now()` call for the first time
+ if (select_read(sock, 0, interval_usec) > 0) { return true; }
+
+ const auto start = steady_clock::now() - microseconds{interval_usec};
+ const auto timeout = seconds{keep_alive_timeout_sec};
+
+ while (true) {
+ if (svr_sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ break; // Server socket is closed
+ }
+
+ auto val = select_read(sock, 0, interval_usec);
+ if (val < 0) {
+ break; // Ssocket error
+ } else if (val == 0) {
+ if (steady_clock::now() - start > timeout) {
+ break; // Timeout
+ }
+ } else {
+ return true; // Ready for read
+ }
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool
+process_server_socket_core(const std::atomic<socket_t> &svr_sock, socket_t sock,
+ size_t keep_alive_max_count,
+ time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec, T callback) {
+ assert(keep_alive_max_count > 0);
+ auto ret = false;
+ auto count = keep_alive_max_count;
+ while (count > 0 && keep_alive(svr_sock, sock, keep_alive_timeout_sec)) {
+ auto close_connection = count == 1;
+ auto connection_closed = false;
+ ret = callback(close_connection, connection_closed);
+ if (!ret || connection_closed) { break; }
+ count--;
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool
+process_server_socket(const std::atomic<socket_t> &svr_sock, socket_t sock,
+ size_t keep_alive_max_count,
+ time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_sec,
+ time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
+ time_t write_timeout_usec, T callback) {
+ return process_server_socket_core(
+ svr_sock, sock, keep_alive_max_count, keep_alive_timeout_sec,
+ [&](bool close_connection, bool &connection_closed) {
+ SocketStream strm(sock, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec,
+ write_timeout_sec, write_timeout_usec);
+ // process_server_socket_core() only gets here once keep_alive() has
+ // seen the socket go readable.
+ strm.set_readable_hint();
+ return callback(strm, close_connection, connection_closed);
+ });
+}
+
+inline bool process_client_socket(
+ socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
+ time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec,
+ time_t max_timeout_msec,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ std::function<bool(Stream &)> callback) {
+ SocketStream strm(sock, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec,
+ write_timeout_sec, write_timeout_usec, max_timeout_msec,
+ start_time);
+ return callback(strm);
+}
+
+inline int shutdown_socket(socket_t sock) noexcept {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ return shutdown(sock, SD_BOTH);
+#else
+ return shutdown(sock, SHUT_RDWR);
+#endif
+}
+
+// Half-closes the write side and drains any in-flight/queued bytes before
+// the final shutdown+close. Closing with unread data in the receive queue
+// (or bytes arriving after the receive side is closed) makes the stack send
+// an abortive RST instead of a graceful FIN, which can make the peer see the
+// response as a failed read even though it was fully written.
+inline void drain_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) noexcept {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ shutdown(sock, SD_SEND);
+#else
+ shutdown(sock, SHUT_WR);
+#endif
+
+ char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
+ size_t total = 0;
+ const auto deadline = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() +
+ std::chrono::milliseconds(100); // bound #1
+
+ while (total < size_t(1024u * 1024u)) { // bound #2
+ const auto remaining =
+ std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+ deadline - std::chrono::steady_clock::now())
+ .count();
+ if (remaining <= 0) { break; }
+ if (select_read(sock, 0, static_cast<time_t>(remaining)) <= 0) { break; }
+ const auto n = read_socket(sock, buf, sizeof(buf), CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS);
+ if (n <= 0) { break; }
+ total += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ }
+
+ shutdown_socket(sock);
+ close_socket(sock);
+}
+
+inline std::string escape_abstract_namespace_unix_domain(const std::string &s) {
+ if (s.size() > 1 && s[0] == '\0') {
+ auto ret = s;
+ ret[0] = '@';
+ return ret;
+ }
+ return s;
+}
+
+inline std::string
+unescape_abstract_namespace_unix_domain(const std::string &s) {
+ if (s.size() > 1 && s[0] == '@') {
+ auto ret = s;
+ ret[0] = '\0';
+ return ret;
+ }
+ return s;
+}
+
+inline int getaddrinfo_with_timeout(const char *node, const char *service,
+ const struct addrinfo *hints,
+ struct addrinfo **res, time_t timeout_sec) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO
+ if (timeout_sec <= 0) {
+ // No timeout specified, use standard getaddrinfo
+ return getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
+ }
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ // Windows-specific implementation using GetAddrInfoEx with overlapped I/O
+ OVERLAPPED overlapped = {};
+ HANDLE event = CreateEventW(nullptr, TRUE, FALSE, nullptr);
+ if (!event) { return EAI_FAIL; }
+
+ overlapped.hEvent = event;
+
+ PADDRINFOEXW result_addrinfo = nullptr;
+ HANDLE cancel_handle = nullptr;
+
+ ADDRINFOEXW hints_ex = {};
+ if (hints) {
+ hints_ex.ai_flags = hints->ai_flags;
+ hints_ex.ai_family = hints->ai_family;
+ hints_ex.ai_socktype = hints->ai_socktype;
+ hints_ex.ai_protocol = hints->ai_protocol;
+ }
+
+ auto wnode = u8string_to_wstring(node);
+ auto wservice = u8string_to_wstring(service);
+
+ auto ret = ::GetAddrInfoExW(wnode.data(), wservice.data(), NS_DNS, nullptr,
+ hints ? &hints_ex : nullptr, &result_addrinfo,
+ nullptr, &overlapped, nullptr, &cancel_handle);
+
+ if (ret == WSA_IO_PENDING) {
+ auto wait_result =
+ ::WaitForSingleObject(event, static_cast<DWORD>(timeout_sec * 1000));
+ if (wait_result == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
+ if (cancel_handle) { ::GetAddrInfoExCancel(&cancel_handle); }
+ ::CloseHandle(event);
+ return EAI_AGAIN;
+ }
+
+ DWORD bytes_returned;
+ if (!::GetOverlappedResult((HANDLE)INVALID_SOCKET, &overlapped,
+ &bytes_returned, FALSE)) {
+ ::CloseHandle(event);
+ return ::WSAGetLastError();
+ }
+ }
+
+ ::CloseHandle(event);
+
+ if (ret == NO_ERROR || ret == WSA_IO_PENDING) {
+ *res = reinterpret_cast<struct addrinfo *>(result_addrinfo);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+#elif TARGET_OS_MAC && defined(__clang__)
+ if (!node) { return EAI_NONAME; }
+ // macOS implementation using CFHost API for asynchronous DNS resolution
+ CFStringRef hostname_ref = CFStringCreateWithCString(
+ kCFAllocatorDefault, node, kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+ if (!hostname_ref) { return EAI_MEMORY; }
+
+ CFHostRef host_ref = CFHostCreateWithName(kCFAllocatorDefault, hostname_ref);
+ CFRelease(hostname_ref);
+ if (!host_ref) { return EAI_MEMORY; }
+
+ // Set up context for callback
+ struct CFHostContext {
+ bool completed = false;
+ bool success = false;
+ CFArrayRef addresses = nullptr;
+ std::mutex mutex;
+ std::condition_variable cv;
+ } context;
+
+ CFHostClientContext client_context;
+ memset(&client_context, 0, sizeof(client_context));
+ client_context.info = &context;
+
+ // Set callback
+ auto callback = [](CFHostRef theHost, CFHostInfoType /*typeInfo*/,
+ const CFStreamError *error, void *info) {
+ auto ctx = static_cast<CFHostContext *>(info);
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ctx->mutex);
+
+ if (error && error->error != 0) {
+ ctx->success = false;
+ } else {
+ Boolean hasBeenResolved;
+ ctx->addresses = CFHostGetAddressing(theHost, &hasBeenResolved);
+ if (ctx->addresses && hasBeenResolved) {
+ CFRetain(ctx->addresses);
+ ctx->success = true;
+ } else {
+ ctx->success = false;
+ }
+ }
+ ctx->completed = true;
+ ctx->cv.notify_one();
+ };
+
+ if (!CFHostSetClient(host_ref, callback, &client_context)) {
+ CFRelease(host_ref);
+ return EAI_SYSTEM;
+ }
+
+ // Schedule on run loop
+ CFRunLoopRef run_loop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();
+ CFHostScheduleWithRunLoop(host_ref, run_loop, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+
+ // Start resolution
+ CFStreamError stream_error;
+ if (!CFHostStartInfoResolution(host_ref, kCFHostAddresses, &stream_error)) {
+ CFHostUnscheduleFromRunLoop(host_ref, run_loop, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+ CFRelease(host_ref);
+ return EAI_FAIL;
+ }
+
+ // Wait for completion with timeout
+ auto timeout_time =
+ std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + std::chrono::seconds(timeout_sec);
+ bool timed_out = false;
+
+ {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(context.mutex);
+
+ while (!context.completed) {
+ auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ if (now >= timeout_time) {
+ timed_out = true;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // Run the runloop for a short time
+ lock.unlock();
+ CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, 0.1, true);
+ lock.lock();
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Clean up
+ CFHostUnscheduleFromRunLoop(host_ref, run_loop, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+ CFHostSetClient(host_ref, nullptr, nullptr);
+
+ if (timed_out || !context.completed) {
+ CFHostCancelInfoResolution(host_ref, kCFHostAddresses);
+ CFRelease(host_ref);
+ return EAI_AGAIN;
+ }
+
+ if (!context.success || !context.addresses) {
+ CFRelease(host_ref);
+ return EAI_NODATA;
+ }
+
+ // Convert CFArray to addrinfo
+ CFIndex count = CFArrayGetCount(context.addresses);
+ if (count == 0) {
+ CFRelease(context.addresses);
+ CFRelease(host_ref);
+ return EAI_NODATA;
+ }
+
+ struct addrinfo *result_addrinfo = nullptr;
+ struct addrinfo **current = &result_addrinfo;
+
+ for (CFIndex i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ CFDataRef addr_data =
+ static_cast<CFDataRef>(CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(context.addresses, i));
+ if (!addr_data) continue;
+
+ const struct sockaddr *sockaddr_ptr =
+ reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr *>(CFDataGetBytePtr(addr_data));
+ socklen_t sockaddr_len = static_cast<socklen_t>(CFDataGetLength(addr_data));
+
+ // Allocate addrinfo structure
+ *current = static_cast<struct addrinfo *>(malloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo)));
+ if (!*current) {
+ freeaddrinfo(result_addrinfo);
+ CFRelease(context.addresses);
+ CFRelease(host_ref);
+ return EAI_MEMORY;
+ }
+
+ memset(*current, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
+
+ // Set up addrinfo fields
+ (*current)->ai_family = sockaddr_ptr->sa_family;
+ (*current)->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : SOCK_STREAM;
+ (*current)->ai_protocol = hints ? hints->ai_protocol : IPPROTO_TCP;
+ (*current)->ai_addrlen = sockaddr_len;
+
+ // Copy sockaddr
+ (*current)->ai_addr = static_cast<struct sockaddr *>(malloc(sockaddr_len));
+ if (!(*current)->ai_addr) {
+ freeaddrinfo(result_addrinfo);
+ CFRelease(context.addresses);
+ CFRelease(host_ref);
+ return EAI_MEMORY;
+ }
+ memcpy((*current)->ai_addr, sockaddr_ptr, sockaddr_len);
+
+ // Set port if service is specified
+ if (service && *service) {
+ int port = 0;
+ if (parse_port(service, strlen(service), port)) {
+ if (sockaddr_ptr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
+ reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in *>((*current)->ai_addr)
+ ->sin_port = htons(static_cast<uint16_t>(port));
+ } else if (sockaddr_ptr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
+ reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6 *>((*current)->ai_addr)
+ ->sin6_port = htons(static_cast<uint16_t>(port));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ current = &((*current)->ai_next);
+ }
+
+ CFRelease(context.addresses);
+ CFRelease(host_ref);
+
+ *res = result_addrinfo;
+ return 0;
+#elif defined(_GNU_SOURCE) && defined(__GLIBC__) && \
+ (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 2))
+ // #2431: gai_cancel() is non-blocking and may return EAI_NOTCANCELED while
+ // the resolver worker still references the stack-local gaicb. The cancel
+ // path therefore waits (gai_suspend with no timeout) for the worker to
+ // actually finish before letting the stack frame go. The trade-off is that
+ // a wedged DNS server can hold this thread for the system resolver timeout
+ // (~30s by default) past the caller's connection timeout.
+ struct gaicb request{};
+ struct gaicb *requests[1] = {&request};
+ struct sigevent sevp{};
+ struct timespec timeout{timeout_sec, 0};
+
+ request.ar_name = node;
+ request.ar_service = service;
+ request.ar_request = hints;
+ sevp.sigev_notify = SIGEV_NONE;
+
+ int rc = getaddrinfo_a(GAI_NOWAIT, requests, 1, &sevp);
+ if (rc != 0) { return rc; }
+
+ auto cleanup = scope_exit([&] {
+ if (request.ar_result) { freeaddrinfo(request.ar_result); }
+ });
+
+ int wait_result = gai_suspend(requests, 1, &timeout);
+
+ if (wait_result == 0 || wait_result == EAI_ALLDONE) {
+ int gai_result = gai_error(&request);
+ if (gai_result == 0) {
+ *res = request.ar_result;
+ request.ar_result = nullptr;
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return gai_result;
+ }
+
+ gai_cancel(&request);
+ while (gai_error(&request) == EAI_INPROGRESS) {
+ gai_suspend(requests, 1, nullptr);
+ }
+ return wait_result;
+#else
+ // Fallback implementation using thread-based timeout for other Unix systems.
+
+ struct GetAddrInfoState {
+ ~GetAddrInfoState() {
+ if (info) { freeaddrinfo(info); }
+ }
+
+ std::mutex mutex;
+ std::condition_variable result_cv;
+ bool completed = false;
+ int result = EAI_SYSTEM;
+ std::string node;
+ std::string service;
+ struct addrinfo hints;
+ struct addrinfo *info = nullptr;
+ };
+
+ // Allocate on the heap, so the resolver thread can keep using the data.
+ auto state = std::make_shared<GetAddrInfoState>();
+ if (node) { state->node = node; }
+ state->service = service;
+ state->hints = *hints;
+
+ std::thread resolve_thread([state]() {
+ auto thread_result =
+ getaddrinfo(state->node.c_str(), state->service.c_str(), &state->hints,
+ &state->info);
+
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(state->mutex);
+ state->result = thread_result;
+ state->completed = true;
+ state->result_cv.notify_one();
+ });
+
+ // Wait for completion or timeout
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(state->mutex);
+ auto finished =
+ state->result_cv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(timeout_sec),
+ [&] { return state->completed; });
+
+ if (finished) {
+ // Operation completed within timeout
+ resolve_thread.join();
+ *res = state->info;
+ state->info = nullptr; // Pass ownership to caller
+ return state->result;
+ } else {
+ // Timeout occurred
+ resolve_thread.detach(); // Let the thread finish in background
+ return EAI_AGAIN; // Return timeout error
+ }
+#endif
+#else
+ (void)(timeout_sec); // Unused parameter for non-blocking getaddrinfo
+ return getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
+#endif
+}
+
+template <typename BindOrConnect>
+socket_t create_socket(const std::string &host, const std::string &ip, int port,
+ int address_family, int socket_flags, bool tcp_nodelay,
+ bool ipv6_v6only, SocketOptions socket_options,
+ BindOrConnect bind_or_connect, time_t timeout_sec = 0) {
+ // Get address info
+ const char *node = nullptr;
+ struct addrinfo hints;
+ struct addrinfo *result;
+
+ memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
+ hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+ hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_IP;
+
+ if (!ip.empty()) {
+ node = ip.c_str();
+ // Ask getaddrinfo to convert IP in c-string to address
+ hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
+ hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
+ } else {
+ if (!host.empty()) { node = host.c_str(); }
+ hints.ai_family = address_family;
+ hints.ai_flags = socket_flags;
+ }
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32) || defined(CPPHTTPLIB_HAVE_AFUNIX_H)
+ if (hints.ai_family == AF_UNIX) {
+ const auto addrlen = host.length();
+ if (addrlen > sizeof(sockaddr_un::sun_path)) { return INVALID_SOCKET; }
+
+#ifdef SOCK_CLOEXEC
+ auto sock = socket(hints.ai_family, hints.ai_socktype | SOCK_CLOEXEC,
+ hints.ai_protocol);
+#else
+ auto sock = socket(hints.ai_family, hints.ai_socktype, hints.ai_protocol);
+#endif
+
+ if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ sockaddr_un addr{};
+ addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
+
+ auto unescaped_host = unescape_abstract_namespace_unix_domain(host);
+ std::copy(unescaped_host.begin(), unescaped_host.end(), addr.sun_path);
+
+ hints.ai_addr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr);
+ hints.ai_addrlen = static_cast<socklen_t>(
+ sizeof(addr) - sizeof(addr.sun_path) + addrlen);
+
+#ifndef SOCK_CLOEXEC
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+#endif
+#endif
+
+ if (socket_options) { socket_options(sock); }
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ // Setting SO_REUSEADDR seems not to work well with AF_UNIX on windows, so
+ // remove the option.
+ set_socket_opt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 0);
+#endif
+
+ bool dummy;
+ if (!bind_or_connect(sock, hints, dummy)) {
+ close_socket(sock);
+ sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+ }
+ }
+ return sock;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ auto service = std::to_string(port);
+
+ if (getaddrinfo_with_timeout(node, service.c_str(), &hints, &result,
+ timeout_sec)) {
+#if defined __linux__ && !defined __ANDROID__
+ res_init();
+#endif
+ return INVALID_SOCKET;
+ }
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { freeaddrinfo(result); });
+
+ for (auto rp = result; rp; rp = rp->ai_next) {
+ // Create a socket
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ auto sock =
+ WSASocketW(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol, nullptr, 0,
+ WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT | WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED);
+ /**
+ * Since the WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT is only supported on Windows 7 SP1
+ * and above the socket creation fails on older Windows Systems.
+ *
+ * Let's try to create a socket the old way in this case.
+ *
+ * Reference:
+ * https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winsock2/nf-winsock2-wsasocketa
+ *
+ * WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT:
+ * This flag is supported on Windows 7 with SP1, Windows Server 2008 R2 with
+ * SP1, and later
+ *
+ */
+ if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ sock = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
+ }
+#else
+
+#ifdef SOCK_CLOEXEC
+ auto sock =
+ socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype | SOCK_CLOEXEC, rp->ai_protocol);
+#else
+ auto sock = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
+#endif
+
+#endif
+ if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { continue; }
+
+#if !defined _WIN32 && !defined SOCK_CLOEXEC
+ if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
+ close_socket(sock);
+ continue;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (tcp_nodelay) { set_socket_opt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, 1); }
+
+ if (rp->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
+ set_socket_opt(sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, ipv6_v6only ? 1 : 0);
+ }
+
+ if (socket_options) { socket_options(sock); }
+
+ // bind or connect
+ auto quit = false;
+ if (bind_or_connect(sock, *rp, quit)) { return sock; }
+
+ close_socket(sock);
+
+ if (quit) { break; }
+ }
+
+ return INVALID_SOCKET;
+}
+
+inline void set_nonblocking(socket_t sock, bool nonblocking) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ auto flags = nonblocking ? 1UL : 0UL;
+ ioctlsocket(sock, FIONBIO, &flags);
+#else
+ auto flags = fcntl(sock, F_GETFL, 0);
+ fcntl(sock, F_SETFL,
+ nonblocking ? (flags | O_NONBLOCK) : (flags & (~O_NONBLOCK)));
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool is_connection_error() {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ return WSAGetLastError() != WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
+#else
+ return errno != EINPROGRESS;
+#endif
+}
+
+// accept() failed because the process or the network stack is temporarily out
+// of resources. The listening socket is still usable, so back off briefly and
+// try again.
+inline bool is_accept_resource_error() {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ auto err = WSAGetLastError();
+ return err == WSAEMFILE || err == WSAENOBUFS;
+#else
+ auto err = errno;
+ return err == EMFILE || err == ENFILE || err == ENOBUFS || err == ENOMEM;
+#endif
+}
+
+// accept() failed for a reason that says nothing about the listening socket:
+// the pending connection went away before it could be accepted, or the call
+// was interrupted. Retry immediately. WSAAccept()'s own documentation omits
+// WSAECONNRESET, but the accept() it wraps reports an aborted pending
+// connection that way.
+inline bool is_accept_transient_error() {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ auto err = WSAGetLastError();
+ return err == WSAEINTR || err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK || err == WSAECONNRESET ||
+ err == WSAECONNABORTED;
+#else
+ auto err = errno;
+ return err == EINTR || err == EAGAIN || err == EWOULDBLOCK ||
+ err == ECONNABORTED;
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool bind_ip_address(socket_t sock, const std::string &host) {
+ struct addrinfo hints;
+ struct addrinfo *result;
+
+ memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
+ hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
+ hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+ hints.ai_protocol = 0;
+
+ if (getaddrinfo_with_timeout(host.c_str(), "0", &hints, &result, 0)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { freeaddrinfo(result); });
+
+ auto ret = false;
+ for (auto rp = result; rp; rp = rp->ai_next) {
+ const auto &ai = *rp;
+ if (!::bind(sock, ai.ai_addr, static_cast<socklen_t>(ai.ai_addrlen))) {
+ ret = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+#if !defined _WIN32 && !defined ANDROID && !defined _AIX && !defined __MVS__
+#define USE_IF2IP
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_IF2IP
+inline std::string if2ip(int address_family, const std::string &ifn) {
+ struct ifaddrs *ifap;
+ getifaddrs(&ifap);
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { freeifaddrs(ifap); });
+
+ std::string addr_candidate;
+ for (auto ifa = ifap; ifa; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
+ if (ifa->ifa_addr && ifn == ifa->ifa_name &&
+ (AF_UNSPEC == address_family ||
+ ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == address_family)) {
+ if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
+ auto sa = reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in *>(ifa->ifa_addr);
+ char buf[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
+ if (inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sa->sin_addr, buf, INET_ADDRSTRLEN)) {
+ return std::string(buf, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
+ }
+ } else if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
+ auto sa = reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6 *>(ifa->ifa_addr);
+ if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sa->sin6_addr)) {
+ char buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN] = {};
+ if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &sa->sin6_addr, buf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)) {
+ // equivalent to mac's IN6_IS_ADDR_UNIQUE_LOCAL
+ auto s6_addr_head = sa->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0];
+ if (s6_addr_head == 0xfc || s6_addr_head == 0xfd) {
+ addr_candidate = std::string(buf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);
+ } else {
+ return std::string(buf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return addr_candidate;
+}
+#endif
+
+inline socket_t create_client_socket(
+ const std::string &host, const std::string &ip, int port,
+ int address_family, bool tcp_nodelay, bool ipv6_v6only,
+ SocketOptions socket_options, time_t connection_timeout_sec,
+ time_t connection_timeout_usec, time_t read_timeout_sec,
+ time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
+ time_t write_timeout_usec, const std::string &intf, Error &error) {
+ auto sock = create_socket(
+ host, ip, port, address_family, 0, tcp_nodelay, ipv6_v6only,
+ std::move(socket_options),
+ [&](socket_t sock2, struct addrinfo &ai, bool &quit) -> bool {
+ if (!intf.empty()) {
+#ifdef USE_IF2IP
+ auto ip_from_if = if2ip(address_family, intf);
+ if (ip_from_if.empty()) { ip_from_if = intf; }
+ if (!bind_ip_address(sock2, ip_from_if)) {
+ error = Error::BindIPAddress;
+ return false;
+ }
+#endif
+ }
+
+ set_nonblocking(sock2, true);
+
+ auto ret =
+ ::connect(sock2, ai.ai_addr, static_cast<socklen_t>(ai.ai_addrlen));
+
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ if (is_connection_error()) {
+ error = Error::Connection;
+ return false;
+ }
+ error = wait_until_socket_is_ready(sock2, connection_timeout_sec,
+ connection_timeout_usec);
+ if (error != Error::Success) {
+ if (error == Error::ConnectionTimeout) { quit = true; }
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ set_nonblocking(sock2, false);
+ set_socket_opt_time(sock2, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, read_timeout_sec,
+ read_timeout_usec);
+ set_socket_opt_time(sock2, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, write_timeout_sec,
+ write_timeout_usec);
+
+ error = Error::Success;
+ return true;
+ },
+ connection_timeout_sec); // Pass DNS timeout
+
+ if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ error = Error::Success;
+ } else {
+ if (error == Error::Success) { error = Error::Connection; }
+ }
+
+ return sock;
+}
+
+inline bool get_ip_and_port(const struct sockaddr_storage &addr,
+ socklen_t addr_len, std::string &ip, int &port) {
+ if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET) {
+ port = ntohs(reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in *>(&addr)->sin_port);
+ } else if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
+ port =
+ ntohs(reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in6 *>(&addr)->sin6_port);
+ } else {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ std::array<char, NI_MAXHOST> ipstr{};
+ if (getnameinfo(reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr *>(&addr), addr_len,
+ ipstr.data(), static_cast<socklen_t>(ipstr.size()), nullptr,
+ 0, NI_NUMERICHOST)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ ip = ipstr.data();
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void get_local_ip_and_port(socket_t sock, std::string &ip, int &port) {
+ struct sockaddr_storage addr;
+ socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
+ if (!getsockname(sock, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&addr),
+ &addr_len)) {
+ get_ip_and_port(addr, addr_len, ip, port);
+ }
+}
+
+inline void get_remote_ip_and_port(socket_t sock, std::string &ip, int &port) {
+ struct sockaddr_storage addr;
+ socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
+
+ if (!getpeername(sock, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&addr),
+ &addr_len)) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ if (addr.ss_family == AF_UNIX) {
+#if defined(__linux__)
+ struct ucred ucred;
+ socklen_t len = sizeof(ucred);
+ if (getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERCRED, &ucred, &len) == 0) {
+ port = ucred.pid;
+ }
+#elif defined(SOL_LOCAL) && defined(SO_PEERPID)
+ pid_t pid;
+ socklen_t len = sizeof(pid);
+ if (getsockopt(sock, SOL_LOCAL, SO_PEERPID, &pid, &len) == 0) {
+ port = pid;
+ }
+#endif
+ return;
+ }
+#endif
+ get_ip_and_port(addr, addr_len, ip, port);
+ }
+}
+
+// Recursive form retained so operator""_t below can compute hashes for
+// switch-case labels at compile time (C++11 constexpr forbids loops). Do not
+// call from runtime paths with arbitrary-length inputs — use str2tag()
+// instead, which is iterative and stack-safe.
+inline constexpr unsigned int str2tag_core(const char *s, size_t l,
+ unsigned int h) {
+ return (l == 0)
+ ? h
+ : str2tag_core(
+ s + 1, l - 1,
+ // Unsets the 6 high bits of h, therefore no overflow happens
+ (((std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max)() >> 6) &
+ h * 33) ^
+ static_cast<unsigned char>(*s));
+}
+
+inline unsigned int str2tag(const std::string &s) {
+ // Iterative form of str2tag_core: the recursive constexpr version is kept
+ // for compile-time UDL evaluation of short string literals, but at runtime
+ // we may receive arbitrarily long inputs (e.g. fuzzed Content-Type) that
+ // would blow the stack with one frame per character.
+ unsigned int h = 0;
+ for (auto c : s) {
+ h = (((std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max)() >> 6) & h * 33) ^
+ static_cast<unsigned char>(c);
+ }
+ return h;
+}
+
+namespace udl {
+
+inline constexpr unsigned int operator""_t(const char *s, size_t l) {
+ return str2tag_core(s, l, 0);
+}
+
+} // namespace udl
+
+inline std::string
+find_content_type(const std::string &path,
+ const std::map<std::string, std::string> &user_data,
+ const std::string &default_content_type) {
+ auto ext = file_extension(path);
+
+ auto it = user_data.find(ext);
+ if (it != user_data.end()) { return it->second; }
+
+ using udl::operator""_t;
+
+ switch (str2tag(ext)) {
+ default: return default_content_type;
+
+ case "css"_t: return "text/css";
+ case "csv"_t: return "text/csv";
+ case "htm"_t:
+ case "html"_t: return "text/html";
+ case "js"_t:
+ case "mjs"_t: return "text/javascript";
+ case "txt"_t: return "text/plain";
+ case "vtt"_t: return "text/vtt";
+
+ case "apng"_t: return "image/apng";
+ case "avif"_t: return "image/avif";
+ case "bmp"_t: return "image/bmp";
+ case "gif"_t: return "image/gif";
+ case "png"_t: return "image/png";
+ case "svg"_t: return "image/svg+xml";
+ case "webp"_t: return "image/webp";
+ case "ico"_t: return "image/x-icon";
+ case "tif"_t: return "image/tiff";
+ case "tiff"_t: return "image/tiff";
+ case "jpg"_t:
+ case "jpeg"_t: return "image/jpeg";
+
+ case "mp4"_t: return "video/mp4";
+ case "mpeg"_t: return "video/mpeg";
+ case "webm"_t: return "video/webm";
+
+ case "mp3"_t: return "audio/mp3";
+ case "mpga"_t: return "audio/mpeg";
+ case "weba"_t: return "audio/webm";
+ case "wav"_t: return "audio/wave";
+
+ case "otf"_t: return "font/otf";
+ case "ttf"_t: return "font/ttf";
+ case "woff"_t: return "font/woff";
+ case "woff2"_t: return "font/woff2";
+
+ case "7z"_t: return "application/x-7z-compressed";
+ case "atom"_t: return "application/atom+xml";
+ case "pdf"_t: return "application/pdf";
+ case "json"_t: return "application/json";
+ case "rss"_t: return "application/rss+xml";
+ case "tar"_t: return "application/x-tar";
+ case "xht"_t:
+ case "xhtml"_t: return "application/xhtml+xml";
+ case "xslt"_t: return "application/xslt+xml";
+ case "xml"_t: return "application/xml";
+ case "gz"_t: return "application/gzip";
+ case "zip"_t: return "application/zip";
+ case "wasm"_t: return "application/wasm";
+ }
+}
+
+inline std::string
+extract_media_type(const std::string &content_type,
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> *params = nullptr) {
+ // Extract type/subtype from Content-Type value (RFC 2045)
+ // e.g. "application/json; charset=utf-8" -> "application/json"
+ auto media_type = content_type;
+ auto semicolon_pos = media_type.find(';');
+ if (semicolon_pos != std::string::npos) {
+ auto param_str = media_type.substr(semicolon_pos + 1);
+ media_type = media_type.substr(0, semicolon_pos);
+
+ if (params) {
+ // Parse parameters: key=value pairs separated by ';'
+ split_unquoted(param_str.data(), param_str.data() + param_str.size(), ';',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ std::string key;
+ std::string val;
+ divide_param_pair(b, e, key, val);
+ if (!key.empty()) {
+ params->emplace(trim_copy(key),
+ trim_double_quotes_copy(val));
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Trim whitespace from media type
+ return trim_copy(media_type);
+}
+
+inline bool can_compress_content_type(const std::string &content_type) {
+ using udl::operator""_t;
+
+ auto mime_type = extract_media_type(content_type);
+ auto tag = str2tag(mime_type);
+
+ switch (tag) {
+ case "image/svg+xml"_t:
+ case "application/javascript"_t:
+ case "application/x-javascript"_t:
+ case "application/json"_t:
+ case "application/ld+json"_t:
+ case "application/xml"_t:
+ case "application/xhtml+xml"_t:
+ case "application/rss+xml"_t:
+ case "application/atom+xml"_t:
+ case "application/xslt+xml"_t:
+ case "application/protobuf"_t: return true;
+
+ case "text/event-stream"_t: return false;
+
+ default: return !mime_type.rfind("text/", 0);
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool parse_quality(const char *b, const char *e, std::string &token,
+ double &quality) {
+ quality = 1.0;
+ token.clear();
+
+ // Split on first ';': left = token name, right = parameters
+ const char *params_b = nullptr;
+ std::size_t params_len = 0;
+
+ divide(
+ b, static_cast<std::size_t>(e - b), ';',
+ [&](const char *lb, std::size_t llen, const char *rb, std::size_t rlen) {
+ auto r = trim(lb, lb + llen, 0, llen);
+ if (r.first < r.second) { token.assign(lb + r.first, lb + r.second); }
+ params_b = rb;
+ params_len = rlen;
+ });
+
+ if (token.empty()) { return false; }
+ if (params_len == 0) { return true; }
+
+ // Scan parameters for q= (stops on first match)
+ bool invalid = false;
+ split_find(params_b, params_b + params_len, ';',
+ (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(),
+ [&](const char *pb, const char *pe) -> bool {
+ // Match exactly "q=" or "Q=" (not "query=" etc.)
+ auto len = static_cast<size_t>(pe - pb);
+ if (len < 2) { return false; }
+ if ((pb[0] != 'q' && pb[0] != 'Q') || pb[1] != '=') {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Trim the value portion
+ auto r = trim(pb, pe, 2, len);
+ if (r.first >= r.second) {
+ invalid = true;
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ double v = 0.0;
+ auto res = from_chars(pb + r.first, pb + r.second, v);
+ if (res.ec != std::errc{} || v < 0.0 || v > 1.0) {
+ invalid = true;
+ return true;
+ }
+ quality = v;
+ return true;
+ });
+
+ return !invalid;
+}
+
+inline EncodingType encoding_type(const Request &req,
+ const std::string &content_type) {
+ if (!can_compress_content_type(content_type)) { return EncodingType::None; }
+
+ auto s = get_combined_header_value(req.headers, "Accept-Encoding");
+ if (s.empty()) { return EncodingType::None; }
+
+ // Single-pass: iterate tokens and track the best supported encoding.
+ // Server preference breaks ties (br > gzip > zstd).
+ EncodingType best = EncodingType::None;
+ double best_q = 0.0; // q=0 means "not acceptable"
+
+ // Server preference: Brotli > Gzip > Zstd (lower = more preferred)
+ auto priority = [](EncodingType t) -> int {
+ switch (t) {
+ case EncodingType::Brotli: return 0;
+ case EncodingType::Gzip: return 1;
+ case EncodingType::Zstd: return 2;
+ default: return 3;
+ }
+ };
+
+ std::string name;
+ split(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), ',', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ double quality = 1.0;
+ if (!parse_quality(b, e, name, quality)) { return; }
+ if (quality <= 0.0) { return; }
+
+ EncodingType type = EncodingType::None;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
+ if (case_ignore::equal(name, "br")) { type = EncodingType::Brotli; }
+#endif
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+ if (type == EncodingType::None && case_ignore::equal(name, "gzip")) {
+ type = EncodingType::Gzip;
+ }
+#endif
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
+ if (type == EncodingType::None && case_ignore::equal(name, "zstd")) {
+ type = EncodingType::Zstd;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (type == EncodingType::None) { return; }
+
+ // Higher q-value wins; for equal q, server preference breaks ties
+ if (quality > best_q ||
+ (quality == best_q && priority(type) < priority(best))) {
+ best_q = quality;
+ best = type;
+ }
+ });
+
+ return best;
+}
+
+// `content_type` is taken separately because a file-backed response has not
+// been given one yet when its coding has to be decided.
+inline EncodingType encoding_type(const Request &req, const Response &res,
+ const std::string &content_type) {
+ // The response already names a content coding of its own: a handler serving
+ // a body it encoded itself (pre-compressed static assets, say), or a mount
+ // point whose headers name the coding its files are stored in. Applying one
+ // on top of that would double-encode the body and append a second
+ // `Content-Encoding` field line.
+ if (res.has_header("Content-Encoding")) { return EncodingType::None; }
+ return encoding_type(req, content_type);
+}
+
+inline EncodingType encoding_type(const Request &req, const Response &res) {
+ return encoding_type(req, res, res.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
+}
+
+inline std::unique_ptr<compressor> make_compressor(EncodingType type) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+ if (type == EncodingType::Gzip) {
+ return detail::make_unique<gzip_compressor>();
+ }
+#endif
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
+ if (type == EncodingType::Brotli) {
+ return detail::make_unique<brotli_compressor>();
+ }
+#endif
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
+ if (type == EncodingType::Zstd) {
+ return detail::make_unique<zstd_compressor>();
+ }
+#endif
+ (void)type;
+ return nullptr;
+}
+
+inline const char *encoding_name(EncodingType type) {
+ switch (type) {
+ case EncodingType::Gzip: return "gzip";
+ case EncodingType::Brotli: return "br";
+ case EncodingType::Zstd: return "zstd";
+ default: return "";
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool nocompressor::compress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ bool /*last*/, Callback callback) {
+ if (!data_length) { return true; }
+ return callback(data, data_length);
+}
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+inline gzip_compressor::gzip_compressor() {
+ std::memset(&strm_, 0, sizeof(strm_));
+ strm_.zalloc = Z_NULL;
+ strm_.zfree = Z_NULL;
+ strm_.opaque = Z_NULL;
+
+ is_valid_ = deflateInit2(&strm_, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, 31, 8,
+ Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY) == Z_OK;
+}
+
+inline gzip_compressor::~gzip_compressor() { deflateEnd(&strm_); }
+
+inline bool gzip_compressor::compress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ bool last, Callback callback) {
+ assert(is_valid_);
+
+ do {
+ constexpr size_t max_avail_in =
+ (std::numeric_limits<decltype(strm_.avail_in)>::max)();
+
+ strm_.avail_in = static_cast<decltype(strm_.avail_in)>(
+ (std::min)(data_length, max_avail_in));
+ strm_.next_in = const_cast<Bytef *>(reinterpret_cast<const Bytef *>(data));
+
+ data_length -= strm_.avail_in;
+ data += strm_.avail_in;
+
+ auto flush = (last && data_length == 0) ? Z_FINISH : Z_NO_FLUSH;
+ auto ret = Z_OK;
+
+ std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
+ do {
+ strm_.avail_out = static_cast<uInt>(buff.size());
+ strm_.next_out = reinterpret_cast<Bytef *>(buff.data());
+
+ ret = deflate(&strm_, flush);
+ if (ret == Z_STREAM_ERROR) { return false; }
+
+ if (!callback(buff.data(), buff.size() - strm_.avail_out)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ } while (strm_.avail_out == 0);
+
+ assert((flush == Z_FINISH && ret == Z_STREAM_END) ||
+ (flush == Z_NO_FLUSH && ret == Z_OK));
+ assert(strm_.avail_in == 0);
+ } while (data_length > 0);
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline gzip_decompressor::gzip_decompressor() {
+ std::memset(&strm_, 0, sizeof(strm_));
+ strm_.zalloc = Z_NULL;
+ strm_.zfree = Z_NULL;
+ strm_.opaque = Z_NULL;
+
+ // 15 is the value of wbits, which should be at the maximum possible value
+ // to ensure that any gzip stream can be decoded. The offset of 32 specifies
+ // that the stream type should be automatically detected either gzip or
+ // deflate.
+ is_valid_ = inflateInit2(&strm_, 32 + 15) == Z_OK;
+}
+
+inline gzip_decompressor::~gzip_decompressor() { inflateEnd(&strm_); }
+
+inline bool gzip_decompressor::is_valid() const { return is_valid_; }
+
+inline bool gzip_decompressor::decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ Callback callback) {
+ assert(is_valid_);
+
+ auto ret = Z_OK;
+
+ do {
+ constexpr size_t max_avail_in =
+ (std::numeric_limits<decltype(strm_.avail_in)>::max)();
+
+ strm_.avail_in = static_cast<decltype(strm_.avail_in)>(
+ (std::min)(data_length, max_avail_in));
+ strm_.next_in = const_cast<Bytef *>(reinterpret_cast<const Bytef *>(data));
+
+ data_length -= strm_.avail_in;
+ data += strm_.avail_in;
+
+ std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
+ while (strm_.avail_in > 0 && ret == Z_OK) {
+ strm_.avail_out = static_cast<uInt>(buff.size());
+ strm_.next_out = reinterpret_cast<Bytef *>(buff.data());
+
+ ret = inflate(&strm_, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+
+ assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
+ switch (ret) {
+ case Z_NEED_DICT:
+ case Z_DATA_ERROR:
+ case Z_MEM_ERROR: inflateEnd(&strm_); return false;
+ }
+
+ if (!callback(buff.data(), buff.size() - strm_.avail_out)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (ret != Z_OK && ret != Z_STREAM_END) { return false; }
+
+ } while (data_length > 0);
+
+ return true;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
+inline brotli_compressor::brotli_compressor() {
+ state_ = BrotliEncoderCreateInstance(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+}
+
+inline brotli_compressor::~brotli_compressor() {
+ BrotliEncoderDestroyInstance(state_);
+}
+
+inline bool brotli_compressor::compress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ bool last, Callback callback) {
+ std::array<uint8_t, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
+
+ auto operation = last ? BROTLI_OPERATION_FINISH : BROTLI_OPERATION_PROCESS;
+ auto available_in = data_length;
+ auto next_in = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(data);
+
+ for (;;) {
+ if (last) {
+ if (BrotliEncoderIsFinished(state_)) { break; }
+ } else {
+ if (!available_in) { break; }
+ }
+
+ auto available_out = buff.size();
+ auto next_out = buff.data();
+
+ if (!BrotliEncoderCompressStream(state_, operation, &available_in, &next_in,
+ &available_out, &next_out, nullptr)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto output_bytes = buff.size() - available_out;
+ if (output_bytes) {
+ callback(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(buff.data()), output_bytes);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline brotli_decompressor::brotli_decompressor() {
+ decoder_s = BrotliDecoderCreateInstance(0, 0, 0);
+ decoder_r = decoder_s ? BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_NEEDS_MORE_INPUT
+ : BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_ERROR;
+}
+
+inline brotli_decompressor::~brotli_decompressor() {
+ if (decoder_s) { BrotliDecoderDestroyInstance(decoder_s); }
+}
+
+inline bool brotli_decompressor::is_valid() const { return decoder_s; }
+
+inline bool brotli_decompressor::decompress(const char *data,
+ size_t data_length,
+ Callback callback) {
+ if (decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_SUCCESS ||
+ decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_ERROR) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ auto next_in = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(data);
+ size_t avail_in = data_length;
+ size_t total_out;
+
+ decoder_r = BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_NEEDS_MORE_OUTPUT;
+
+ std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
+ while (decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_NEEDS_MORE_OUTPUT) {
+ char *next_out = buff.data();
+ size_t avail_out = buff.size();
+
+ decoder_r = BrotliDecoderDecompressStream(
+ decoder_s, &avail_in, &next_in, &avail_out,
+ reinterpret_cast<uint8_t **>(&next_out), &total_out);
+
+ if (decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_ERROR) { return false; }
+
+ if (!callback(buff.data(), buff.size() - avail_out)) { return false; }
+ }
+
+ return decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_SUCCESS ||
+ decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_NEEDS_MORE_INPUT;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
+inline zstd_compressor::zstd_compressor() {
+ ctx_ = ZSTD_createCCtx();
+ ZSTD_CCtx_setParameter(ctx_, ZSTD_c_compressionLevel, ZSTD_fast);
+}
+
+inline zstd_compressor::~zstd_compressor() { ZSTD_freeCCtx(ctx_); }
+
+inline bool zstd_compressor::compress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ bool last, Callback callback) {
+ std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
+
+ ZSTD_EndDirective mode = last ? ZSTD_e_end : ZSTD_e_continue;
+ ZSTD_inBuffer input = {data, data_length, 0};
+
+ bool finished;
+ do {
+ ZSTD_outBuffer output = {buff.data(), CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ, 0};
+ size_t const remaining = ZSTD_compressStream2(ctx_, &output, &input, mode);
+
+ if (ZSTD_isError(remaining)) { return false; }
+
+ if (!callback(buff.data(), output.pos)) { return false; }
+
+ finished = last ? (remaining == 0) : (input.pos == input.size);
+
+ } while (!finished);
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline zstd_decompressor::zstd_decompressor() { ctx_ = ZSTD_createDCtx(); }
+
+inline zstd_decompressor::~zstd_decompressor() { ZSTD_freeDCtx(ctx_); }
+
+inline bool zstd_decompressor::is_valid() const { return ctx_ != nullptr; }
+
+inline bool zstd_decompressor::decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ Callback callback) {
+ std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
+ ZSTD_inBuffer input = {data, data_length, 0};
+
+ while (input.pos < input.size) {
+ ZSTD_outBuffer output = {buff.data(), CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ, 0};
+ size_t const remaining = ZSTD_decompressStream(ctx_, &output, &input);
+
+ if (ZSTD_isError(remaining)) { return false; }
+
+ if (!callback(buff.data(), output.pos)) { return false; }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+#endif
+
+// Content codings are case-insensitive (RFC 9110 8.4.1). Matching them
+// case-sensitively would make a response labeled e.g. "GZIP" look like an
+// unknown coding, and its payload would be handed back still compressed.
+inline bool is_zlib_encoding(const std::string &encoding) {
+ return case_ignore::equal(encoding, "gzip") ||
+ case_ignore::equal(encoding, "deflate");
+}
+
+inline bool is_brotli_encoding(const std::string &encoding) {
+ return case_ignore::equal(encoding, "br");
+}
+
+inline bool is_zstd_encoding(const std::string &encoding) {
+ return case_ignore::equal(encoding, "zstd");
+}
+
+// Returns true if the content coding is one cpp-httplib is able to decompress
+// when the corresponding support is compiled in.
+inline bool is_known_content_encoding(const std::string &encoding) {
+ return is_zlib_encoding(encoding) || is_brotli_encoding(encoding) ||
+ is_zstd_encoding(encoding);
+}
+
+inline std::unique_ptr<decompressor>
+create_decompressor(const std::string &encoding) {
+ std::unique_ptr<decompressor> decompressor;
+
+ if (is_zlib_encoding(encoding)) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+ decompressor = detail::make_unique<gzip_decompressor>();
+#endif
+ } else if (is_brotli_encoding(encoding)) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
+ decompressor = detail::make_unique<brotli_decompressor>();
+#endif
+ } else if (is_zstd_encoding(encoding)) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
+ decompressor = detail::make_unique<zstd_decompressor>();
+#endif
+ }
+
+ return decompressor;
+}
+
+// Returns the best available compressor and its Content-Encoding name.
+// Priority: Brotli > Gzip > Zstd (matches server-side preference).
+inline std::pair<std::unique_ptr<compressor>, const char *>
+create_compressor() {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
+ return {detail::make_unique<brotli_compressor>(), "br"};
+#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT)
+ return {detail::make_unique<gzip_compressor>(), "gzip"};
+#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT)
+ return {detail::make_unique<zstd_compressor>(), "zstd"};
+#else
+ return {nullptr, nullptr};
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool is_prohibited_header_name(const std::string &name) {
+ using udl::operator""_t;
+
+ switch (str2tag(name)) {
+ case "REMOTE_ADDR"_t:
+ case "REMOTE_PORT"_t:
+ case "LOCAL_ADDR"_t:
+ case "LOCAL_PORT"_t: return true;
+ default: return false;
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool has_header(const Headers &headers, const std::string &key) {
+ if (is_prohibited_header_name(key)) { return false; }
+ return headers.find(key) != headers.end();
+}
+
+inline const char *get_header_value(const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &key, const char *def,
+ size_t id) {
+ if (is_prohibited_header_name(key)) {
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ std::string msg = "Prohibited header name '" + key + "' is specified.";
+ throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
+#else
+ return "";
+#endif
+ }
+
+ auto rng = headers.equal_range(key);
+ auto it = rng.first;
+ std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
+ if (it != rng.second) { return it->second.c_str(); }
+ return def;
+}
+
+inline size_t get_header_value_count(const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &key) {
+ return headers.count(key);
+}
+
+// RFC 9110 Section 5.2 and 5.3: a field that is defined as a comma-separated
+// list may be sent as several field lines, and the combined field value is
+// those values joined by commas in the order they were received. Callers that
+// parse such a list must work on the combined value; reading only the first
+// occurrence silently drops whatever the later field lines carry.
+inline std::string get_combined_header_value(const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &key) {
+ std::string combined;
+ auto rng = headers.equal_range(key);
+ for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; ++it) {
+ // RFC 9110 Section 5.6.1.2: a recipient has to parse and ignore empty list
+ // elements, so an empty field line must not contribute a bare comma to the
+ // combined value.
+ if (it->second.empty()) { continue; }
+ if (!combined.empty()) { combined += ", "; }
+ combined += it->second;
+ }
+ return combined;
+}
+
+inline bool has_header_token(const Headers &headers, const std::string &key,
+ const std::string &token) {
+ // RFC 9110 7.6.1: a comma-separated token list field such as Connection may
+ // carry several tokens, and RFC 9110 5.3 lets that list be split across
+ // several lines. Match complete tokens rather than searching the raw value,
+ // so that a value such as "notupgrade" is not read as the token "upgrade".
+ auto rng = headers.equal_range(key);
+ for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; ++it) {
+ const auto &value = it->second;
+ if (split_find(value.data(), value.data() + value.size(), ',',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ return case_ignore::equal(std::string(b, e), token);
+ })) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+template <typename Map>
+inline typename Map::mapped_type
+get_multimap_value(const Map &m, const std::string &key, size_t id) {
+ auto rng = m.equal_range(key);
+ auto it = rng.first;
+ std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
+ if (it != rng.second) { return it->second; }
+ return typename Map::mapped_type();
+}
+
+inline void set_header(Headers &headers, const std::string &key,
+ const std::string &val) {
+ if (fields::is_field_valid(key, val)) { headers.emplace(key, val); }
+}
+
+inline bool read_headers(Stream &strm, Headers &headers) {
+ const auto bufsiz = 2048;
+ char buf[bufsiz];
+ stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf, bufsiz);
+
+ size_t header_count = 0;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }
+
+ // Check if the line ends with CRLF.
+ auto line_terminator_len = 2;
+ if (line_reader.end_with_crlf()) {
+ // Blank line indicates end of headers.
+ if (line_reader.size() == 2) { break; }
+ } else {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
+ // Blank line indicates end of headers.
+ if (line_reader.size() == 1) { break; }
+ line_terminator_len = 1;
+#else
+ continue; // Skip invalid line.
+#endif
+ }
+
+ if (line_reader.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH) { return false; }
+
+ // Check header count limit
+ if (header_count >= CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT) { return false; }
+
+ // Exclude line terminator
+ auto end = line_reader.ptr() + line_reader.size() - line_terminator_len;
+
+ if (!parse_header(line_reader.ptr(), end,
+ [&](const std::string &key, const std::string &val) {
+ headers.emplace(key, val);
+ })) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ header_count++;
+ }
+
+ // RFC 9110 Section 8.6: Reject requests with multiple Content-Length
+ // headers that have different values to prevent request smuggling.
+ auto cl_range = headers.equal_range("Content-Length");
+ if (cl_range.first != cl_range.second) {
+ const auto &first_val = cl_range.first->second;
+ for (auto it = std::next(cl_range.first); it != cl_range.second; ++it) {
+ if (it->second != first_val) { return false; }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool parse_status_line(const char *line, std::string &version,
+ int &status, std::string &reason) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
+ thread_local const std::regex re("(HTTP/1\\.[01]) (\\d{3})(?: (.*?))?\r?\n");
+#else
+ thread_local const std::regex re("(HTTP/1\\.[01]) (\\d{3})(?: (.*?))?\r\n");
+#endif
+
+ std::cmatch m;
+ if (!std::regex_match(line, m, re)) { return false; }
+ version = std::string(m[1]);
+ status = std::stoi(std::string(m[2]));
+ reason = std::string(m[3]);
+ return true;
+}
+
+// Everything WebSocketClient::connect() reports about the upgrade exchange.
+// status stays -1 until a status line is parsed, mirroring stream::Result.
+struct WebSocketUpgradeResponse {
+ Error error = Error::Success;
+ int status = -1;
+ Headers headers;
+ std::string selected_subprotocol;
+};
+
+inline bool read_websocket_upgrade_response(Stream &strm,
+ const std::string &expected_accept,
+ WebSocketUpgradeResponse &upgrade) {
+ // Read status line
+ const auto bufsiz = 2048;
+ char buf[bufsiz];
+ stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf, bufsiz);
+ if (!line_reader.getline()) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::Read;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ std::string version;
+ std::string reason;
+ if (!parse_status_line(line_reader.ptr(), version, upgrade.status, reason)) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::WebSocketHandshake;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Read the headers even for a rejection so the caller can see why the
+ // server refused the upgrade. A non-101 response may carry a body; it is
+ // deliberately left unread since the caller closes the socket right away.
+ if (!read_headers(strm, upgrade.headers)) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::Read;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ const auto &headers = upgrade.headers;
+
+ if (upgrade.status != StatusCode::SwitchingProtocol_101) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::WebSocketHandshake;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify Upgrade: websocket (a comma-separated list, matched per token)
+ if (!has_header_token(headers, "Upgrade", "websocket")) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::WebSocketHandshake;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify Connection: Upgrade
+ if (!has_header_token(headers, "Connection", "upgrade")) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::WebSocketHandshake;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify Sec-WebSocket-Accept header value
+ auto it = headers.find("Sec-WebSocket-Accept");
+ if (it == headers.end() || it->second != expected_accept) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::WebSocketHandshake;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Extract negotiated subprotocol
+ auto proto_it = headers.find("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol");
+ if (proto_it != headers.end()) {
+ upgrade.selected_subprotocol = proto_it->second;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+enum class ReadContentResult {
+ Success, // Successfully read the content
+ PayloadTooLarge, // The content exceeds the specified payload limit
+ Error // An error occurred while reading the content
+};
+
+inline ReadContentResult read_content_with_length(
+ Stream &strm, size_t len, DownloadProgress progress,
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress out,
+ size_t payload_max_length = (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()) {
+ char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
+
+ detail::BodyReader br;
+ br.stream = &strm;
+ br.has_content_length = true;
+ br.content_length = len;
+ br.payload_max_length = payload_max_length;
+ br.chunked = false;
+ br.bytes_read = 0;
+ br.last_error = Error::Success;
+
+ size_t r = 0;
+ while (r < len) {
+ auto read_len = static_cast<size_t>(len - r);
+ auto to_read = (std::min)(read_len, CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ);
+ auto n = detail::read_body_content(&strm, br, buf, to_read);
+ if (n <= 0) {
+ // Check if it was a payload size error
+ if (br.last_error == Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize) {
+ return ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge;
+ }
+ return ReadContentResult::Error;
+ }
+
+ if (!out(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n), r, len)) {
+ return ReadContentResult::Error;
+ }
+ r += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+
+ if (progress) {
+ if (!progress(r, len)) { return ReadContentResult::Error; }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return ReadContentResult::Success;
+}
+
+inline ReadContentResult
+read_content_without_length(Stream &strm, size_t payload_max_length,
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress out) {
+ char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
+ size_t r = 0;
+ for (;;) {
+ auto n = strm.read(buf, CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ);
+ if (n == 0) { return ReadContentResult::Success; }
+ if (n < 0) { return ReadContentResult::Error; }
+
+ // Check if adding this data would exceed the payload limit
+ if (r > payload_max_length ||
+ payload_max_length - r < static_cast<size_t>(n)) {
+ return ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge;
+ }
+
+ if (!out(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n), r, 0)) {
+ return ReadContentResult::Error;
+ }
+ r += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ }
+
+ return ReadContentResult::Success;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline ReadContentResult read_content_chunked(Stream &strm, T &x,
+ size_t payload_max_length,
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress out) {
+ detail::ChunkedDecoder dec(strm);
+
+ char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
+ size_t total_len = 0;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ size_t chunk_offset = 0;
+ size_t chunk_total = 0;
+ auto n = dec.read_payload(buf, sizeof(buf), chunk_offset, chunk_total);
+ if (n < 0) { return ReadContentResult::Error; }
+
+ if (n == 0) {
+ if (!dec.parse_trailers_into(x.trailers, x.headers)) {
+ return ReadContentResult::Error;
+ }
+ return ReadContentResult::Success;
+ }
+
+ if (total_len > payload_max_length ||
+ payload_max_length - total_len < static_cast<size_t>(n)) {
+ return ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge;
+ }
+
+ if (!out(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n), chunk_offset, chunk_total)) {
+ return ReadContentResult::Error;
+ }
+
+ total_len += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool is_chunked_transfer_encoding(const Headers &headers) {
+ // RFC 9112 6.1: a message is framed with the chunked coding when "chunked"
+ // is the final transfer coding. A single field value may list several
+ // codings ("gzip, chunked"), and RFC 9110 5.3 lets that list be split across
+ // several Transfer-Encoding lines, which combine into one comma-separated
+ // list in the order the lines were received. Headers preserves that order,
+ // so the final coding is the last token of the last line. Match it
+ // case-insensitively rather than comparing the whole value against
+ // "chunked".
+ //
+ // Security: reading a chunked message as unframed leaves its body in the
+ // socket, where a keep-alive connection parses it as a smuggled request.
+ // Server::process_request() answers 400 and closes when the final coding is
+ // not chunked, so a request whose framing cannot be determined never
+ // reaches the "no body" path.
+ auto rng = headers.equal_range("Transfer-Encoding");
+ if (rng.first == rng.second) { return false; }
+
+ // Cleared per line, so a trailing line carrying no coding at all leaves the
+ // combined list ending in nothing rather than inheriting the line before it.
+ std::string last_coding;
+
+ for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; ++it) {
+ const auto &value = it->second;
+ last_coding.clear();
+ split(value.data(), value.data() + value.size(), ',',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) { last_coding.assign(b, e); });
+ }
+
+ return case_ignore::equal(last_coding, "chunked");
+}
+
+inline bool has_conflicting_content_length(const Headers &headers) {
+ // RFC 9112 §6.3: a message carrying both Transfer-Encoding and a non-zero
+ // Content-Length is framed ambiguously. The body readers here delimit it by
+ // the transfer coding and drop Content-Length, while an intermediary may do
+ // the reverse, so the two disagree on where the body ends and a reused
+ // connection is desynchronised (request/response smuggling). Content-Length:
+ // 0 is tolerated for compatibility with existing peers.
+ return has_header(headers, "Transfer-Encoding") &&
+ get_header_value_u64(headers, "Content-Length", 0, 0) > 0;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+bool prepare_content_receiver(T &x, int &status,
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress receiver,
+ bool decompress, size_t payload_max_length,
+ bool &exceed_payload_max_length, U callback) {
+ if (decompress) {
+ auto encoding = get_combined_header_value(x.headers, "Content-Encoding");
+ std::unique_ptr<decompressor> decompressor;
+
+ if (!encoding.empty()) {
+ // A coding we know about but were not built with is an error. An
+ // unrecognized coding (including "identity") is left alone and the
+ // payload is passed through as-is, since some servers misuse the header,
+ // e.g. by sending a character set such as "Content-Encoding: UTF-8".
+ decompressor = detail::create_decompressor(encoding);
+ if (!decompressor && detail::is_known_content_encoding(encoding)) {
+ status = StatusCode::UnsupportedMediaType_415;
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (decompressor) {
+ if (decompressor->is_valid()) {
+ size_t decompressed_size = 0;
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n,
+ size_t off, size_t len) {
+ return decompressor->decompress(
+ buf, n, [&](const char *buf2, size_t n2) {
+ // Guard against zip-bomb: check
+ // decompressed size against limit.
+ if (payload_max_length > 0 &&
+ (decompressed_size >= payload_max_length ||
+ n2 > payload_max_length - decompressed_size)) {
+ exceed_payload_max_length = true;
+ return false;
+ }
+ decompressed_size += n2;
+ return receiver(buf2, n2, off, len);
+ });
+ };
+ return callback(std::move(out));
+ } else {
+ status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t off,
+ size_t len) {
+ return receiver(buf, n, off, len);
+ };
+ return callback(std::move(out));
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+bool read_content(Stream &strm, T &x, size_t payload_max_length, int &status,
+ DownloadProgress progress,
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress receiver, bool decompress) {
+ bool exceed_payload_max_length = false;
+ return prepare_content_receiver(
+ x, status, std::move(receiver), decompress, payload_max_length,
+ exceed_payload_max_length, [&](const ContentReceiverWithProgress &out) {
+ auto ret = true;
+ // Note: exceed_payload_max_length may also be set by the decompressor
+ // wrapper in prepare_content_receiver when the decompressed payload
+ // size exceeds the limit.
+
+ if (is_chunked_transfer_encoding(x.headers)) {
+ auto result = read_content_chunked(strm, x, payload_max_length, out);
+ if (result == ReadContentResult::Success) {
+ ret = true;
+ } else if (result == ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge) {
+ exceed_payload_max_length = true;
+ ret = false;
+ } else {
+ ret = false;
+ }
+ } else if (!has_header(x.headers, "Content-Length")) {
+ auto result =
+ read_content_without_length(strm, payload_max_length, out);
+ if (result == ReadContentResult::Success) {
+ ret = true;
+ } else if (result == ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge) {
+ exceed_payload_max_length = true;
+ ret = false;
+ } else {
+ ret = false;
+ }
+ } else {
+ auto is_invalid_value = false;
+ auto len = get_header_value_u64(x.headers, "Content-Length",
+ (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(),
+ 0, is_invalid_value);
+
+ if (is_invalid_value) {
+ ret = false;
+ } else if (len > 0) {
+ auto result = read_content_with_length(
+ strm, len, std::move(progress), out, payload_max_length);
+ ret = (result == ReadContentResult::Success);
+ if (result == ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge) {
+ exceed_payload_max_length = true;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!ret) {
+ status = exceed_payload_max_length ? StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413
+ : StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
+ }
+ return ret;
+ });
+}
+
+inline ssize_t write_request_line(Stream &strm, const std::string &method,
+ const std::string &path) {
+ // A request target must not carry CR/LF (or other control octets); otherwise
+ // a value smuggled into it splits the request line and injects headers or a
+ // whole request. The same field-value check already guards header values in
+ // check_and_write_headers and the request target in
+ // perform_websocket_handshake; apply it here too.
+ if (!fields::is_field_value(path)) { return -1; }
+
+ std::string s = method;
+ s += ' ';
+ s += path;
+ s += " HTTP/1.1\r\n";
+ return strm.write(s.data(), s.size());
+}
+
+inline ssize_t write_response_line(Stream &strm, int status) {
+ std::string s = "HTTP/1.1 ";
+ s += std::to_string(status);
+ s += ' ';
+ s += httplib::status_message(status);
+ s += "\r\n";
+ return strm.write(s.data(), s.size());
+}
+
+inline ssize_t write_headers(Stream &strm, const Headers &headers) {
+ ssize_t write_len = 0;
+ for (const auto &x : headers) {
+ // Skip fields with invalid names or values to prevent response splitting
+ // via CR/LF injection, matching set_header(). The client validates request
+ // headers up front in check_and_write_headers, but the server passes
+ // res.headers straight to this writer, and res.headers is a public field
+ // an application can populate directly with request-derived values.
+ if (!fields::is_field_valid(x.first, x.second)) { continue; }
+
+ std::string s;
+ s = x.first;
+ s += ": ";
+ s += x.second;
+ s += "\r\n";
+
+ auto len = strm.write(s.data(), s.size());
+ if (len < 0) { return len; }
+ write_len += len;
+ }
+ auto len = strm.write("\r\n");
+ if (len < 0) { return len; }
+ write_len += len;
+ return write_len;
+}
+
+inline bool write_data(Stream &strm, const char *d, size_t l) {
+ size_t offset = 0;
+ while (offset < l) {
+ auto length = strm.write(d + offset, l - offset);
+ if (length < 0) { return false; }
+ offset += static_cast<size_t>(length);
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool write_content_with_progress(Stream &strm,
+ const ContentProvider &content_provider,
+ size_t offset, size_t length,
+ T is_shutting_down,
+ const UploadProgress &upload_progress,
+ Error &error) {
+ size_t end_offset = offset + length;
+ size_t start_offset = offset;
+ auto ok = true;
+ auto finished = false;
+ DataSink data_sink;
+
+ data_sink.write = [&](const char *d, size_t l) -> bool {
+ if (ok) {
+ if (write_data(strm, d, l)) {
+ offset += l;
+
+ if (upload_progress && length > 0) {
+ size_t current_written = offset - start_offset;
+ if (!upload_progress(current_written, length)) {
+ ok = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ }
+ return ok;
+ };
+
+ data_sink.is_writable = [&]() -> bool { return strm.is_peer_alive(); };
+
+ // The body is framed by `length`, so a provider that reports itself done
+ // early has truncated it. Record that and let the short-body check below
+ // fail the write, rather than calling the provider again forever.
+ data_sink.done = [&]() { finished = true; };
+
+ while (offset < end_offset && !finished && !is_shutting_down()) {
+ auto last_offset = offset;
+
+ if (!strm.wait_writable() || !strm.is_peer_alive()) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ } else if (!content_provider(offset, end_offset - offset, data_sink)) {
+ error = Error::Canceled;
+ return false;
+ } else if (!ok) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // A provider that reports success without writing anything and without
+ // reporting itself done gets handed the same offset and length again on
+ // the next pass, so it would spin here for as long as the peer stays
+ // connected. Treat making no progress as a short body, like done() early.
+ if (!finished && offset == last_offset) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (offset < end_offset) { // done() called early, or is_shutting_down()
+ error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ error = Error::Success;
+ return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool write_content(Stream &strm, const ContentProvider &content_provider,
+ size_t offset, size_t length, T is_shutting_down,
+ Error &error) {
+ return write_content_with_progress<T>(strm, content_provider, offset, length,
+ is_shutting_down, nullptr, error);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool write_content(Stream &strm, const ContentProvider &content_provider,
+ size_t offset, size_t length,
+ const T &is_shutting_down) {
+ auto error = Error::Success;
+ return write_content(strm, content_provider, offset, length, is_shutting_down,
+ error);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool
+write_content_without_length(Stream &strm,
+ const ContentProvider &content_provider,
+ const T &is_shutting_down) {
+ size_t offset = 0;
+ auto data_available = true;
+ auto ok = true;
+ DataSink data_sink;
+
+ data_sink.write = [&](const char *d, size_t l) -> bool {
+ if (ok) {
+ offset += l;
+ if (!write_data(strm, d, l)) { ok = false; }
+ }
+ return ok;
+ };
+
+ data_sink.is_writable = [&]() -> bool { return strm.is_peer_alive(); };
+
+ data_sink.done = [&](void) { data_available = false; };
+
+ while (data_available && !is_shutting_down()) {
+ if (!strm.wait_writable() || !strm.is_peer_alive()) {
+ return false;
+ } else if (!content_provider(offset, 0, data_sink)) {
+ return false;
+ } else if (!ok) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ return !data_available; // true only if done() was called, false if shutting
+ // down
+}
+
+// Runs a known-length content provider to completion and compresses what it
+// writes into `out`. Nothing is buffered in identity form: a provider backed
+// by an mmap hands the compressor a pointer straight into the mapping.
+inline bool compress_content_provider(const ContentProvider &content_provider,
+ size_t length, compressor &cmp,
+ std::string &out) {
+ size_t offset = 0;
+ auto ok = true;
+ auto finished = false;
+ DataSink data_sink;
+
+ auto append = [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
+ out.append(data, data_len);
+ return true;
+ };
+
+ data_sink.write = [&](const char *d, size_t l) -> bool {
+ if (!ok) { return false; }
+ offset += l;
+ if (l > 0 && !cmp.compress(d, l, false, append)) { ok = false; }
+ return ok;
+ };
+
+ // The body is framed by `length`, so a provider that reports itself done
+ // early has truncated it; the short-body check below turns that into a
+ // failure rather than calling the provider again forever.
+ data_sink.done = [&]() { finished = true; };
+
+ while (offset < length && !finished) {
+ auto prev_offset = offset;
+ if (!content_provider(offset, length - offset, data_sink) || !ok) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ // No Stream to block on here, so a provider that keeps returning true
+ // without writing would spin. Treat a pass that made no progress as a
+ // failure.
+ if (offset == prev_offset) { return false; }
+ }
+
+ if (offset != length) { return false; }
+
+ return cmp.compress(nullptr, 0, true, append);
+}
+
+// Serves `m` as the response body. `set_content_provider()` clears the coding,
+// so recording it has to come after; keeping both here means a third
+// file-serving path cannot get that order wrong.
+inline void set_file_content_provider(Response &res,
+ const std::shared_ptr<mmap> &m,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ EncodingType encoding) {
+ res.set_content_provider(
+ m->size(), content_type,
+ [m](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
+ sink.write(m->data() + offset, length);
+ return true;
+ });
+
+ res.content_coding_ = encoding;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+inline bool
+write_content_chunked(Stream &strm, const ContentProvider &content_provider,
+ const T &is_shutting_down, U &compressor, Error &error) {
+ size_t offset = 0;
+ auto data_available = true;
+ auto ok = true;
+ DataSink data_sink;
+
+ data_sink.write = [&](const char *d, size_t l) -> bool {
+ // Only done()/done_with_trailer() end a chunked body. A pass with nothing
+ // to hand over is ordinary (an empty buffer popped off a queue), and a
+ // zero-length chunk is the terminator, so it must not be emitted here.
+ if (ok && l > 0) {
+ offset += l;
+
+ std::string payload;
+ if (compressor.compress(d, l, false,
+ [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
+ payload.append(data, data_len);
+ return true;
+ })) {
+ if (!payload.empty()) {
+ // Emit chunked response header and footer for each chunk
+ auto chunk =
+ from_i_to_hex(payload.size()) + "\r\n" + payload + "\r\n";
+ if (!write_data(strm, chunk.data(), chunk.size())) { ok = false; }
+ }
+ } else {
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ }
+ return ok;
+ };
+
+ data_sink.is_writable = [&]() -> bool { return strm.is_peer_alive(); };
+
+ auto done_with_trailer = [&](const Headers *trailer) {
+ if (!ok) { return; }
+
+ data_available = false;
+
+ std::string payload;
+ if (!compressor.compress(nullptr, 0, true,
+ [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
+ payload.append(data, data_len);
+ return true;
+ })) {
+ ok = false;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (!payload.empty()) {
+ // Emit chunked response header and footer for each chunk
+ auto chunk = from_i_to_hex(payload.size()) + "\r\n" + payload + "\r\n";
+ if (!write_data(strm, chunk.data(), chunk.size())) {
+ ok = false;
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+
+ constexpr const char done_marker[] = "0\r\n";
+ if (!write_data(strm, done_marker, str_len(done_marker))) { ok = false; }
+
+ // Trailer
+ if (trailer) {
+ for (const auto &kv : *trailer) {
+ // Skip fields with invalid names or values to prevent response
+ // splitting via CR/LF injection, matching set_header().
+ if (!fields::is_field_valid(kv.first, kv.second)) { continue; }
+ std::string field_line = kv.first + ": " + kv.second + "\r\n";
+ if (!write_data(strm, field_line.data(), field_line.size())) {
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ constexpr const char crlf[] = "\r\n";
+ if (!write_data(strm, crlf, str_len(crlf))) { ok = false; }
+ };
+
+ data_sink.done = [&](void) { done_with_trailer(nullptr); };
+
+ data_sink.done_with_trailer = [&](const Headers &trailer) {
+ done_with_trailer(&trailer);
+ };
+
+ while (data_available && !is_shutting_down()) {
+ if (!strm.wait_writable() || !strm.is_peer_alive()) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ } else if (!content_provider(offset, 0, data_sink)) {
+ error = Error::Canceled;
+ return false;
+ } else if (!ok) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (data_available) { // exited due to is_shutting_down(), not done()
+ error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ error = Error::Success;
+ return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+inline bool write_content_chunked(Stream &strm,
+ const ContentProvider &content_provider,
+ const T &is_shutting_down, U &compressor) {
+ auto error = Error::Success;
+ return write_content_chunked(strm, content_provider, is_shutting_down,
+ compressor, error);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool redirect(T &cli, Request &req, Response &res,
+ const std::string &path, const std::string &location,
+ Error &error) {
+ Request new_req = req;
+ new_req.path = path;
+ new_req.redirect_count_ -= 1;
+
+ if (res.status == StatusCode::SeeOther_303 &&
+ (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD")) {
+ new_req.method = "GET";
+ new_req.body.clear();
+ new_req.headers.clear();
+ }
+
+ Response new_res;
+
+ auto ret = cli.send(new_req, new_res, error);
+ if (ret) {
+ req = std::move(new_req);
+ res = std::move(new_res);
+
+ if (res.location.empty()) { res.location = location; }
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline std::string params_to_query_str(const Params &params) {
+ std::string query;
+
+ for (auto it = params.begin(); it != params.end(); ++it) {
+ if (it != params.begin()) { query += '&'; }
+ query += encode_query_component(it->first);
+ query += '=';
+ query += encode_query_component(it->second);
+ }
+ return query;
+}
+
+// Splits one "key=value" span of a query string at its first '='. A span with
+// no '=' at all lands entirely in key, leaving val empty, which is how a bare
+// "?flag" keeps its name.
+inline void divide_query_pair(const char *b, const char *e, std::string &key,
+ std::string &val) {
+ divide(b, static_cast<std::size_t>(e - b), '=',
+ [&](const char *lhs_data, std::size_t lhs_size, const char *rhs_data,
+ std::size_t rhs_size) {
+ key.assign(lhs_data, lhs_size);
+ val.assign(rhs_data, rhs_size);
+ });
+}
+
+inline void parse_query_text(const char *data, std::size_t size,
+ Params &params) {
+ std::set<std::string> cache;
+ split(data, data + size, '&', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ std::string kv(b, e);
+ if (cache.find(kv) != cache.end()) { return; }
+ cache.insert(std::move(kv));
+
+ std::string key;
+ std::string val;
+ divide_query_pair(b, e, key, val);
+
+ if (!key.empty()) {
+ params.emplace(decode_query_component(key), decode_query_component(val));
+ }
+ });
+}
+
+inline void parse_query_text(const std::string &s, Params &params) {
+ parse_query_text(s.data(), s.size(), params);
+}
+
+// Normalize a query string by decoding and re-encoding each key/value pair
+// while preserving the original parameter order. This avoids double-encoding
+// and ensures consistent encoding. It works on the raw string rather than
+// parsing into Params and re-serializing, because that round trip cannot
+// reproduce the input: params_to_query_str() always emits '=', so a bare
+// "flag" would come back as "flag=", and parse_query_text() drops exactly
+// duplicated pairs.
+inline std::string normalize_query_string(const std::string &query) {
+ std::string result;
+ split(query.data(), query.data() + query.size(), '&',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ std::string key;
+ std::string val;
+ divide_query_pair(b, e, key, val);
+
+ if (!key.empty()) {
+ auto dec_key = decode_query_component(key);
+ auto dec_val = decode_query_component(val);
+
+ if (!result.empty()) { result += '&'; }
+ result += encode_query_component(dec_key);
+ if (!val.empty() || std::find(b, e, '=') != e) {
+ result += '=';
+ result += encode_query_component(dec_val);
+ }
+ }
+ });
+ return result;
+}
+
+// Build the request target that goes on the wire from a caller-supplied path.
+// Shared by the buffered send path and the streaming API so that both put the
+// same bytes in the request line for the same input.
+inline std::string encode_request_target(const std::string &target,
+ bool path_encode) {
+ // `substr(0, npos)` yields the whole string, which is what the no-query
+ // case needs.
+ auto query_pos = target.find('?');
+ auto path_part = target.substr(0, query_pos);
+ std::string query_part;
+ if (query_pos != std::string::npos) {
+ query_part = target.substr(query_pos + 1);
+ }
+
+ auto result = path_encode ? encode_path(path_part) : std::move(path_part);
+
+ if (!query_part.empty()) {
+ // When path encoding is disabled the caller has supplied an already-encoded
+ // target and expects the exact bytes to be sent on the wire, so skip
+ // normalization for the query too. Normalizing would decode-then-re-encode
+ // it and corrupt pre-encoded binary payloads (e.g. turning `%20` into `+`,
+ // which a strict RFC 3986 server decodes back as `+`, not a space).
+ if (path_encode) {
+ auto normalized = normalize_query_string(query_part);
+ if (!normalized.empty()) {
+ result += '?';
+ result += normalized;
+ }
+ } else {
+ result += '?';
+ result += query_part;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool parse_multipart_boundary(const std::string &content_type,
+ std::string &boundary) {
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> params;
+ extract_media_type(content_type, &params);
+ auto it = params.find("boundary");
+ if (it == params.end()) { return false; }
+ boundary = it->second;
+ // RFC 2046 5.1.1 caps a boundary at 70 characters. The parser scans the body
+ // for "--" + boundary, so a body crafted to repeat that delimiter's leading
+ // bytes costs a nearly full comparison at nearly every position: the
+ // boundary's length multiplies the worst-case cost of scanning a body.
+ return !boundary.empty() && boundary.size() <= 70;
+}
+
+inline void parse_disposition_params(const std::string &s, Params &params) {
+ std::set<std::string> cache;
+ split_unquoted(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), ';',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ std::string kv(b, e);
+ if (cache.find(kv) != cache.end()) { return; }
+ cache.insert(kv);
+
+ std::string key;
+ std::string val;
+ divide_param_pair(b, e, key, val);
+
+ if (!key.empty()) {
+ params.emplace(trim_double_quotes_copy(key),
+ trim_double_quotes_copy(val));
+ }
+ });
+}
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+inline bool parse_range_header(const std::string &s, Ranges &ranges) {
+#else
+inline bool parse_range_header(const std::string &s, Ranges &ranges) try {
+#endif
+ auto is_valid = [](const std::string &str) {
+ return std::all_of(str.cbegin(), str.cend(), is_ascii_digit);
+ };
+
+ if (s.size() > 7 && s.compare(0, 6, "bytes=") == 0) {
+ const auto pos = static_cast<size_t>(6);
+ const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(s.size() - 6);
+ auto all_valid_ranges = true;
+ split(&s[pos], &s[pos + len], ',', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ if (!all_valid_ranges) { return; }
+
+ const auto it = std::find(b, e, '-');
+ if (it == e) {
+ all_valid_ranges = false;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ const auto lhs = std::string(b, it);
+ const auto rhs = std::string(it + 1, e);
+ if (!is_valid(lhs) || !is_valid(rhs)) {
+ all_valid_ranges = false;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ ssize_t first = -1;
+ if (!lhs.empty()) {
+ // Reject an overflowing first-byte-pos; treating it as absent (-1)
+ // would turn the range into a suffix range.
+ auto res =
+ detail::from_chars(lhs.data(), lhs.data() + lhs.size(), first);
+ if (res.ec != std::errc{}) {
+ all_valid_ranges = false;
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+
+ ssize_t last = -1;
+ if (!rhs.empty()) {
+ // An overflowing last-byte-pos is past any content length, so keeping
+ // -1 ("remainder", RFC 9110 14.1.2) is correct here.
+ ssize_t v;
+ auto res = detail::from_chars(rhs.data(), rhs.data() + rhs.size(), v);
+ if (res.ec == std::errc{}) { last = v; }
+ }
+
+ if ((first == -1 && last == -1) ||
+ (first != -1 && last != -1 && first > last)) {
+ all_valid_ranges = false;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ ranges.emplace_back(first, last);
+ });
+ return all_valid_ranges && !ranges.empty();
+ }
+ return false;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+}
+#else
+} catch (...) { return false; }
+#endif
+
+inline bool parse_accept_header(const std::string &s,
+ std::vector<std::string> &content_types) {
+ content_types.clear();
+
+ // Empty string is considered valid (no preference)
+ if (s.empty()) { return true; }
+
+ struct AcceptEntry {
+ std::string media_type;
+ double quality;
+ int order;
+ };
+
+ std::vector<AcceptEntry> entries;
+ int order = 0;
+ bool has_invalid_entry = false;
+
+ // Split by comma and parse each entry. RFC 9110 Section 5.6.1.2: a recipient
+ // has to parse and ignore empty list elements, so a leading, trailing or
+ // doubled comma must not turn a legal Accept value into 400 Bad Request.
+ // split() skips them, and the header length limit bounds how many a sender
+ // can send, so ignoring all of them cannot be used as a denial-of-service
+ // vector.
+ split(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), ',', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ std::string entry(b, e);
+ entry = trim_copy(entry);
+
+ AcceptEntry accept_entry;
+ accept_entry.order = order++;
+
+ if (!parse_quality(entry.data(), entry.data() + entry.size(),
+ accept_entry.media_type, accept_entry.quality)) {
+ has_invalid_entry = true;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Remove additional parameters from media type
+ accept_entry.media_type = extract_media_type(accept_entry.media_type);
+
+ // Basic validation of media type format
+ if (accept_entry.media_type.empty()) {
+ has_invalid_entry = true;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Check for basic media type format (should contain '/' or be '*')
+ if (accept_entry.media_type != "*" &&
+ accept_entry.media_type.find('/') == std::string::npos) {
+ has_invalid_entry = true;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ entries.push_back(std::move(accept_entry));
+ });
+
+ // Return false if any invalid entry was found
+ if (has_invalid_entry) { return false; }
+
+ // Sort by quality (descending), then by original order (ascending)
+ std::sort(entries.begin(), entries.end(),
+ [](const AcceptEntry &a, const AcceptEntry &b) {
+ if (a.quality != b.quality) {
+ return a.quality > b.quality; // Higher quality first
+ }
+ return a.order < b.order; // Earlier order first for same quality
+ });
+
+ // Extract sorted media types
+ content_types.reserve(entries.size());
+ for (auto &entry : entries) {
+ content_types.push_back(std::move(entry.media_type));
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+class FormDataParser {
+public:
+ FormDataParser() = default;
+
+ void set_boundary(std::string &&boundary) {
+ boundary_ = std::move(boundary);
+ dash_boundary_crlf_ = dash_ + boundary_ + crlf_;
+ crlf_dash_boundary_ = crlf_ + dash_ + boundary_;
+ }
+
+ bool is_valid() const { return is_valid_; }
+
+ bool parse(const char *buf, size_t n, const FormDataHeader &header_callback,
+ const ContentReceiver &content_callback) {
+
+ // Once the close delimiter has been seen the rest of the body is epilogue
+ // to be discarded (RFC 2046). Drop it without buffering so a large epilogue
+ // spread across reads is not copied in only to be erased right away.
+ if (state_ == 5) { return true; }
+
+ buf_append(buf, n);
+
+ while (buf_size() > 0) {
+ switch (state_) {
+ case 0: { // Initial boundary
+ auto pos = buf_find(dash_boundary_crlf_);
+ if (pos == buf_size()) {
+ // Not found yet: keep only a possible partial boundary at the tail so
+ // that a body which never contains the boundary cannot grow the
+ // buffer (and get rescanned from the start) without bound.
+ auto keep = dash_boundary_crlf_.size() - 1;
+ if (buf_size() > keep) { buf_erase(buf_size() - keep); }
+ return true;
+ }
+ buf_erase(pos + dash_boundary_crlf_.size());
+ state_ = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 1: { // New entry
+ clear_file_info();
+ state_ = 2;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 2: { // Headers
+ auto pos = buf_find(crlf_);
+ if (pos > CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH) { return false; }
+ while (pos < buf_size()) {
+ // Empty line
+ if (pos == 0) {
+ if (!header_callback(file_)) {
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+ buf_erase(crlf_.size());
+ state_ = 3;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // Check header count limit
+ if (header_count_ >= CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT) {
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+ header_count_++;
+
+ const auto header = buf_head(pos);
+
+ if (!parse_header(header.data(), header.data() + header.size(),
+ [&](const std::string &, const std::string &) {})) {
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Parse and emplace space trimmed headers into a map
+ if (!parse_header(
+ header.data(), header.data() + header.size(),
+ [&](const std::string &key, const std::string &val) {
+ file_.headers.emplace(key, val);
+ })) {
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ constexpr const char header_content_type[] = "Content-Type:";
+
+ if (start_with_case_ignore(header, header_content_type)) {
+ file_.content_type =
+ trim_copy(header.substr(str_len(header_content_type)));
+ } else {
+ std::string disposition_params;
+ if (parse_content_disposition(header, disposition_params)) {
+ Params params;
+ parse_disposition_params(disposition_params, params);
+
+ auto it = params.find("name");
+ if (it != params.end()) {
+ file_.name = it->second;
+ } else {
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ it = params.find("filename");
+ if (it != params.end()) { file_.filename = it->second; }
+
+ it = params.find("filename*");
+ if (it != params.end()) {
+ // RFC 5987: only UTF-8 encoding is allowed
+ const auto &val = it->second;
+ constexpr const char utf8_prefix[] = "UTF-8''";
+ constexpr size_t prefix_len = str_len(utf8_prefix);
+ if (val.size() > prefix_len &&
+ start_with_case_ignore(val, utf8_prefix)) {
+ file_.filename = decode_path_component(
+ val.substr(prefix_len)); // override...
+ } else {
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ buf_erase(pos + crlf_.size());
+ pos = buf_find(crlf_);
+ }
+ if (state_ != 3) { return true; }
+ break;
+ }
+ case 3: { // Body
+ if (crlf_dash_boundary_.size() > buf_size()) { return true; }
+ auto pos = buf_find(crlf_dash_boundary_);
+ if (pos < buf_size()) {
+ if (!content_callback(buf_data(), pos)) {
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+ buf_erase(pos + crlf_dash_boundary_.size());
+ state_ = 4;
+ } else {
+ auto len = buf_size() - crlf_dash_boundary_.size();
+ if (len > 0) {
+ if (!content_callback(buf_data(), len)) {
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+ buf_erase(len);
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case 4: { // Boundary
+ if (crlf_.size() > buf_size()) { return true; }
+ if (buf_start_with(crlf_)) {
+ buf_erase(crlf_.size());
+ state_ = 1;
+ } else if (buf_start_with(dash_)) {
+ buf_erase(dash_.size());
+ is_valid_ = true;
+ state_ = 5;
+ } else {
+ // Only CRLF (another part follows) and "--" (close-delimiter) are
+ // accepted after a boundary; RFC 2046 allows transport-padding in
+ // between, but this parser has never supported it. Either way the
+ // body is already destined to be rejected, so fail now instead of
+ // buffering the rest of it. Both are two bytes, so the check above
+ // already guarantees enough buffered data to decide.
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case 5: { // Epilogue
+ buf_erase(buf_size());
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+private:
+ void clear_file_info() {
+ file_.name.clear();
+ file_.filename.clear();
+ file_.content_type.clear();
+ file_.headers.clear();
+ header_count_ = 0;
+ }
+
+ bool start_with_case_ignore(const std::string &a, const char *b,
+ size_t offset = 0) const {
+ const auto b_len = strlen(b);
+ if (a.size() < offset + b_len) { return false; }
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < b_len; i++) {
+ if (case_ignore::to_lower(a[offset + i]) != case_ignore::to_lower(b[i])) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ // Parses "Content-Disposition: form-data; <params>" without std::regex.
+ // Returns true if header matches, with the params portion in `params_out`.
+ bool parse_content_disposition(const std::string &header,
+ std::string &params_out) const {
+ constexpr const char prefix[] = "Content-Disposition:";
+ constexpr size_t prefix_len = str_len(prefix);
+
+ if (!start_with_case_ignore(header, prefix)) { return false; }
+
+ // Skip whitespace after "Content-Disposition:"
+ auto pos = prefix_len;
+ while (pos < header.size() && (header[pos] == ' ' || header[pos] == '\t')) {
+ pos++;
+ }
+
+ // Match "form-data;" (case-insensitive)
+ constexpr const char form_data[] = "form-data;";
+ constexpr size_t form_data_len = str_len(form_data);
+ if (!start_with_case_ignore(header, form_data, pos)) { return false; }
+ pos += form_data_len;
+
+ // Skip whitespace after "form-data;"
+ while (pos < header.size() && (header[pos] == ' ' || header[pos] == '\t')) {
+ pos++;
+ }
+
+ params_out = header.substr(pos);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ const std::string dash_ = "--";
+ const std::string crlf_ = "\r\n";
+ std::string boundary_;
+ std::string dash_boundary_crlf_;
+ std::string crlf_dash_boundary_;
+
+ size_t state_ = 0;
+ bool is_valid_ = false;
+ FormData file_;
+ size_t header_count_ = 0;
+
+ // Buffer
+ bool start_with(const std::string &a, size_t spos, size_t epos,
+ const std::string &b) const {
+ if (epos - spos < b.size()) { return false; }
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < b.size(); i++) {
+ if (a[i + spos] != b[i]) { return false; }
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ size_t buf_size() const { return buf_epos_ - buf_spos_; }
+
+ const char *buf_data() const { return &buf_[buf_spos_]; }
+
+ std::string buf_head(size_t l) const { return buf_.substr(buf_spos_, l); }
+
+ bool buf_start_with(const std::string &s) const {
+ return start_with(buf_, buf_spos_, buf_epos_, s);
+ }
+
+ size_t buf_find(const std::string &s) const {
+ auto c = s.front();
+
+ size_t off = buf_spos_;
+ while (off < buf_epos_) {
+ auto pos = off;
+ while (true) {
+ if (pos == buf_epos_) { return buf_size(); }
+ if (buf_[pos] == c) { break; }
+ pos++;
+ }
+
+ auto remaining_size = buf_epos_ - pos;
+ if (s.size() > remaining_size) { return buf_size(); }
+
+ if (start_with(buf_, pos, buf_epos_, s)) { return pos - buf_spos_; }
+
+ off = pos + 1;
+ }
+
+ return buf_size();
+ }
+
+ void buf_append(const char *data, size_t n) {
+ auto remaining_size = buf_size();
+ if (remaining_size > 0 && buf_spos_ > 0) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < remaining_size; i++) {
+ buf_[i] = buf_[buf_spos_ + i];
+ }
+ }
+ buf_spos_ = 0;
+ buf_epos_ = remaining_size;
+
+ if (remaining_size + n > buf_.size()) { buf_.resize(remaining_size + n); }
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ buf_[buf_epos_ + i] = data[i];
+ }
+ buf_epos_ += n;
+ }
+
+ void buf_erase(size_t size) { buf_spos_ += size; }
+
+ std::string buf_;
+ size_t buf_spos_ = 0;
+ size_t buf_epos_ = 0;
+};
+
+inline std::string random_string(size_t length) {
+ constexpr const char data[] =
+ "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
+
+ thread_local auto engine([]() {
+ // std::random_device might actually be deterministic on some
+ // platforms, but due to lack of support in the c++ standard library,
+ // doing better requires either some ugly hacks or breaking portability.
+ std::random_device seed_gen;
+ // Request 128 bits of entropy for initialization
+ std::seed_seq seed_sequence{seed_gen(), seed_gen(), seed_gen(), seed_gen()};
+ return std::mt19937(seed_sequence);
+ }());
+
+ std::string result;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+ result += data[engine() % (sizeof(data) - 1)];
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string make_multipart_data_boundary() {
+ return "--cpp-httplib-multipart-data-" + detail::random_string(16);
+}
+
+inline bool is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(const std::string &boundary) {
+ auto valid = true;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < boundary.size(); i++) {
+ auto c = boundary[i];
+ if (!is_ascii_alnum(c) && c != '-' && c != '_') {
+ valid = false;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return valid;
+}
+
+// Escape a multipart field name/filename following the WHATWG HTML standard
+// ("escape a multipart form-data name"), which is what browsers send:
+// '"' -> %22, CR -> %0D, LF -> %0A
+// With escape_quote = false, only CR and LF are escaped; this is for header
+// values outside a quoted-string (e.g. Content-Type), where '"' is legal.
+inline std::string escape_multipart_field(const std::string &s,
+ bool escape_quote = true) {
+ std::string result;
+ result.reserve(s.size());
+ for (auto c : s) {
+ switch (c) {
+ case '"':
+ if (escape_quote) {
+ result += "%22";
+ } else {
+ result += c;
+ }
+ break;
+ case '\r': result += "%0D"; break;
+ case '\n': result += "%0A"; break;
+ default: result += c; break;
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline std::string
+serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(const T &item,
+ const std::string &boundary) {
+ std::string body = "--" + boundary + "\r\n";
+ body += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" +
+ escape_multipart_field(item.name) + "\"";
+ if (!item.filename.empty()) {
+ body += "; filename=\"" + escape_multipart_field(item.filename) + "\"";
+ }
+ body += "\r\n";
+ if (!item.content_type.empty()) {
+ body +=
+ "Content-Type: " + escape_multipart_field(item.content_type, false) +
+ "\r\n";
+ }
+ body += "\r\n";
+
+ return body;
+}
+
+inline std::string serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end() { return "\r\n"; }
+
+inline std::string
+serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(const std::string &boundary) {
+ return "--" + boundary + "--\r\n";
+}
+
+inline std::string
+serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(const std::string &boundary) {
+ return "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
+}
+
+inline std::string
+serialize_multipart_formdata(const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary, bool finish = true) {
+ std::string body;
+
+ for (const auto &item : items) {
+ body += serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(item, boundary);
+ body += item.content + serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end();
+ }
+
+ if (finish) { body += serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary); }
+
+ return body;
+}
+
+inline size_t get_multipart_content_length(const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary) {
+ size_t total = 0;
+ for (const auto &item : items) {
+ total += serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(item, boundary).size();
+ total += item.content.size();
+ total += serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end().size();
+ }
+ total += serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary).size();
+ return total;
+}
+
+struct MultipartSegment {
+ const char *data;
+ size_t size;
+};
+
+// NOTE: items must outlive the returned ContentProvider
+// (safe for synchronous use inside Post/Put/Patch)
+inline ContentProvider
+make_multipart_content_provider(const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary) {
+ // Own the per-item header strings and the finish string
+ std::vector<std::string> owned;
+ owned.reserve(items.size() + 1);
+ for (const auto &item : items)
+ owned.push_back(serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(item, boundary));
+ owned.push_back(serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary));
+
+ // Flat segment list: [header, content, "\r\n"] * N + [finish]
+ std::vector<MultipartSegment> segs;
+ segs.reserve(items.size() * 3 + 1);
+ static const char crlf[] = "\r\n";
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < items.size(); i++) {
+ segs.push_back({owned[i].data(), owned[i].size()});
+ segs.push_back({items[i].content.data(), items[i].content.size()});
+ segs.push_back({crlf, 2});
+ }
+ segs.push_back({owned.back().data(), owned.back().size()});
+
+ struct MultipartState {
+ std::vector<std::string> owned;
+ std::vector<MultipartSegment> segs;
+ std::vector<char> buf = std::vector<char>(CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_BUFSIZ);
+ };
+ auto state = std::make_shared<MultipartState>();
+ state->owned = std::move(owned);
+ // `segs` holds raw pointers into owned strings; std::string move preserves
+ // the data pointer, so these pointers remain valid after the move above.
+ state->segs = std::move(segs);
+
+ return [state](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
+ // Buffer multiple small segments into fewer, larger writes to avoid
+ // excessive TCP packets when there are many form data items (#2410)
+ auto &buf = state->buf;
+ auto buf_size = buf.size();
+ size_t buf_len = 0;
+ size_t remaining = length;
+
+ // Find the first segment containing 'offset'
+ size_t pos = 0;
+ size_t seg_idx = 0;
+ for (; seg_idx < state->segs.size(); seg_idx++) {
+ const auto &seg = state->segs[seg_idx];
+ if (seg.size > 0 && offset - pos < seg.size) { break; }
+ pos += seg.size;
+ }
+
+ size_t seg_offset = (seg_idx < state->segs.size()) ? offset - pos : 0;
+
+ for (; seg_idx < state->segs.size() && remaining > 0; seg_idx++) {
+ const auto &seg = state->segs[seg_idx];
+ size_t available = seg.size - seg_offset;
+ size_t to_copy = (std::min)(available, remaining);
+ const char *src = seg.data + seg_offset;
+ seg_offset = 0; // only the first segment has a non-zero offset
+
+ while (to_copy > 0) {
+ size_t space = buf_size - buf_len;
+ size_t chunk = (std::min)(to_copy, space);
+ std::memcpy(buf.data() + buf_len, src, chunk);
+ buf_len += chunk;
+ src += chunk;
+ to_copy -= chunk;
+ remaining -= chunk;
+
+ if (buf_len == buf_size) {
+ if (!sink.write(buf.data(), buf_len)) { return false; }
+ buf_len = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (buf_len > 0) { return sink.write(buf.data(), buf_len); }
+ return true;
+ };
+}
+
+inline void coalesce_ranges(Ranges &ranges, size_t content_length) {
+ if (ranges.size() <= 1) return;
+
+ // Sort ranges by start position
+ std::sort(ranges.begin(), ranges.end(),
+ [](const Range &a, const Range &b) { return a.first < b.first; });
+
+ Ranges coalesced;
+ coalesced.reserve(ranges.size());
+
+ for (auto &r : ranges) {
+ auto first_pos = r.first;
+ auto last_pos = r.second;
+
+ // Handle special cases like in range_error
+ if (first_pos == -1 && last_pos == -1) {
+ first_pos = 0;
+ last_pos = static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length);
+ }
+
+ if (first_pos == -1) {
+ first_pos = static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length) - last_pos;
+ last_pos = static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length) - 1;
+ }
+
+ if (last_pos == -1 || last_pos >= static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length)) {
+ last_pos = static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length) - 1;
+ }
+
+ // Skip invalid ranges
+ if (!(0 <= first_pos && first_pos <= last_pos &&
+ last_pos < static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length))) {
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ // Coalesce with previous range if overlapping or adjacent (but not
+ // identical)
+ if (!coalesced.empty()) {
+ auto &prev = coalesced.back();
+ // Check if current range overlaps or is adjacent to previous range
+ // but don't coalesce identical ranges (allow duplicates)
+ if (first_pos <= prev.second + 1 &&
+ !(first_pos == prev.first && last_pos == prev.second)) {
+ // Extend the previous range
+ prev.second = (std::max)(prev.second, last_pos);
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Add new range
+ coalesced.emplace_back(first_pos, last_pos);
+ }
+
+ ranges = std::move(coalesced);
+}
+
+inline bool range_error(Request &req, Response &res) {
+ if (!req.ranges.empty() && 200 <= res.status && res.status < 300) {
+ if (res.body.empty() && res.content_provider_ && res.content_length_ == 0) {
+ req.ranges.clear();
+ if (res.status == StatusCode::PartialContent_206) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::OK_200;
+ }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ ssize_t content_len = static_cast<ssize_t>(
+ res.content_length_ ? res.content_length_ : res.body.size());
+
+ std::vector<std::pair<ssize_t, ssize_t>> processed_ranges;
+ size_t overwrapping_count = 0;
+
+ // NOTE: The following Range check is based on '14.2. Range' in RFC 9110
+ // 'HTTP Semantics' to avoid potential denial-of-service attacks.
+ // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#section-14.2
+
+ // Too many ranges
+ if (req.ranges.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_RANGE_MAX_COUNT) { return true; }
+
+ for (auto &r : req.ranges) {
+ auto &first_pos = r.first;
+ auto &last_pos = r.second;
+
+ if (first_pos == -1 && last_pos == -1) {
+ first_pos = 0;
+ last_pos = content_len;
+ }
+
+ if (first_pos == -1) {
+ first_pos = content_len - last_pos;
+ last_pos = content_len - 1;
+ }
+
+ // NOTE: RFC-9110 '14.1.2. Byte Ranges':
+ // A client can limit the number of bytes requested without knowing the
+ // size of the selected representation. If the last-pos value is absent,
+ // or if the value is greater than or equal to the current length of the
+ // representation data, the byte range is interpreted as the remainder of
+ // the representation (i.e., the server replaces the value of last-pos
+ // with a value that is one less than the current length of the selected
+ // representation).
+ // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#section-14.1.2-6
+ if (last_pos == -1 || last_pos >= content_len) {
+ last_pos = content_len - 1;
+ }
+
+ // Range must be within content length
+ if (!(0 <= first_pos && first_pos <= last_pos &&
+ last_pos <= content_len - 1)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ // Request must not have more than two overlapping ranges
+ for (const auto &processed_range : processed_ranges) {
+ if (!(last_pos < processed_range.first ||
+ first_pos > processed_range.second)) {
+ overwrapping_count++;
+ if (overwrapping_count > 2) { return true; }
+ break; // Only count once per range
+ }
+ }
+
+ processed_ranges.emplace_back(first_pos, last_pos);
+ }
+
+ // After validation, coalesce overlapping ranges as per RFC 9110
+ coalesce_ranges(req.ranges, static_cast<size_t>(content_len));
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline std::pair<size_t, size_t>
+get_range_offset_and_length(Range r, size_t content_length) {
+ assert(r.first != -1 && r.second != -1);
+ assert(0 <= r.first && r.first < static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length));
+ assert(r.first <= r.second &&
+ r.second < static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length));
+ (void)(content_length);
+ return std::make_pair(static_cast<size_t>(r.first),
+ static_cast<size_t>(r.second - r.first) + 1);
+}
+
+inline std::string make_content_range_header_field(
+ const std::pair<size_t, size_t> &offset_and_length, size_t content_length) {
+ auto st = offset_and_length.first;
+ auto ed = st + offset_and_length.second - 1;
+
+ std::string field = "bytes ";
+ field += std::to_string(st);
+ field += '-';
+ field += std::to_string(ed);
+ field += '/';
+ field += std::to_string(content_length);
+ return field;
+}
+
+template <typename SToken, typename CToken, typename Content>
+bool process_multipart_ranges_data(const Request &req,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t content_length, SToken stoken,
+ CToken ctoken, Content content) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < req.ranges.size(); i++) {
+ ctoken("--");
+ stoken(boundary);
+ ctoken("\r\n");
+ if (!content_type.empty()) {
+ ctoken("Content-Type: ");
+ stoken(content_type);
+ ctoken("\r\n");
+ }
+
+ auto offset_and_length =
+ get_range_offset_and_length(req.ranges[i], content_length);
+
+ ctoken("Content-Range: ");
+ stoken(make_content_range_header_field(offset_and_length, content_length));
+ ctoken("\r\n");
+ ctoken("\r\n");
+
+ if (!content(offset_and_length.first, offset_and_length.second)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ ctoken("\r\n");
+ }
+
+ ctoken("--");
+ stoken(boundary);
+ ctoken("--");
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void make_multipart_ranges_data(const Request &req, Response &res,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t content_length,
+ std::string &data) {
+ process_multipart_ranges_data(
+ req, boundary, content_type, content_length,
+ [&](const std::string &token) { data += token; },
+ [&](const std::string &token) { data += token; },
+ [&](size_t offset, size_t length) {
+ assert(offset + length <= content_length);
+ data += res.body.substr(offset, length);
+ return true;
+ });
+}
+
+inline size_t get_multipart_ranges_data_length(const Request &req,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t content_length) {
+ size_t data_length = 0;
+
+ process_multipart_ranges_data(
+ req, boundary, content_type, content_length,
+ [&](const std::string &token) { data_length += token.size(); },
+ [&](const std::string &token) { data_length += token.size(); },
+ [&](size_t /*offset*/, size_t length) {
+ data_length += length;
+ return true;
+ });
+
+ return data_length;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool
+write_multipart_ranges_data(Stream &strm, const Request &req, Response &res,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t content_length, const T &is_shutting_down) {
+ return process_multipart_ranges_data(
+ req, boundary, content_type, content_length,
+ [&](const std::string &token) { strm.write(token); },
+ [&](const std::string &token) { strm.write(token); },
+ [&](size_t offset, size_t length) {
+ return write_content(strm, res.content_provider_, offset, length,
+ is_shutting_down);
+ });
+}
+
+inline bool has_framed_body(const Request &req) {
+ return is_chunked_transfer_encoding(req.headers) ||
+ req.get_header_value_u64("Content-Length") > 0;
+}
+
+inline bool is_connection_persistent(const Request &req) {
+ if (has_header_token(req.headers, "Connection", "close")) { return false; }
+ if (req.version == "HTTP/1.0" &&
+ !has_header_token(req.headers, "Connection", "keep-alive")) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool expect_content(const Request &req) {
+ if (req.method == "POST" || req.method == "PUT" || req.method == "PATCH" ||
+ req.method == "DELETE") {
+ return true;
+ }
+ return has_framed_body(req);
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+class WSInit {
+public:
+ WSInit() {
+ WSADATA wsaData;
+ if (WSAStartup(0x0002, &wsaData) == 0) is_valid_ = true;
+ }
+
+ ~WSInit() {
+ if (is_valid_) WSACleanup();
+ }
+
+ bool is_valid_ = false;
+};
+
+static WSInit wsinit_;
+#endif
+
+// RFC 9110 Section 11.6.1 defines a challenge list as
+// WWW-Authenticate = #challenge
+// challenge = auth-scheme [ 1*SP ( token68 / [ #auth-param ] ) ]
+// auth-param = token BWS "=" BWS ( token / quoted-string )
+// so a server may offer several schemes, each with its own comma-separated
+// auth-param list, in either order and either as separate field lines or
+// packed into one. Splitting on every comma would break apart a challenge's
+// own param list; splitting only on the first space would miss a Digest
+// challenge that isn't first. Split on commas that aren't inside a
+// quoted-string instead, then track which scheme each resulting segment
+// belongs to: a segment whose text before "=" contains whitespace (or that
+// has no "=" at all) starts a new challenge named by its leading token.
+inline std::vector<std::string> split_challenge_segments(const std::string &s) {
+ std::vector<std::string> segments;
+ size_t start = 0;
+ auto in_quotes = false;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < s.size(); i++) {
+ auto c = s[i];
+ if (in_quotes) {
+ if (c == '\\' && i + 1 < s.size()) {
+ i++;
+ } else if (c == '"') {
+ in_quotes = false;
+ }
+ } else if (c == '"') {
+ in_quotes = true;
+ } else if (c == ',') {
+ segments.push_back(s.substr(start, i - start));
+ start = i + 1;
+ }
+ }
+ segments.push_back(s.substr(start));
+ return segments;
+}
+
+inline std::string unescape_quoted_pairs(const std::string &s) {
+ std::string out;
+ out.reserve(s.size());
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < s.size(); i++) {
+ if (s[i] == '\\' && i + 1 < s.size()) {
+ out += s[++i];
+ } else {
+ out += s[i];
+ }
+ }
+ return out;
+}
+
+inline bool parse_www_authenticate(const Response &res,
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> &auth,
+ bool is_proxy) {
+ auto auth_key = is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authenticate" : "WWW-Authenticate";
+ auto combined = get_combined_header_value(res.headers, auth_key);
+ if (combined.empty()) { return false; }
+
+ auto found_digest = false;
+ auto in_digest_challenge = false;
+ for (const auto &raw_segment : split_challenge_segments(combined)) {
+ auto segment = trim_copy(raw_segment);
+ if (segment.empty()) { continue; }
+
+ auto eq_pos = segment.find('=');
+ // BWS is allowed on both sides of "=", so the text naming the key (or,
+ // for the first segment of a challenge, "<scheme> <key>") must be
+ // trimmed before its boundaries are inspected.
+ auto key_part = trim_copy(
+ eq_pos == std::string::npos ? segment : segment.substr(0, eq_pos));
+ auto space_pos = key_part.find_last_of(" \t");
+ if (space_pos != std::string::npos || eq_pos == std::string::npos) {
+ // "<scheme>[ <key>]" starts a new challenge.
+ auto scheme_end =
+ space_pos == std::string::npos ? key_part.size() : space_pos;
+ // RFC 7616 Section 3.7: a server may offer more than one Digest
+ // challenge (e.g. SHA-256 and MD5); keep only the first so a nonce
+ // from one challenge is never paired with another's algorithm.
+ in_digest_challenge =
+ !found_digest &&
+ case_ignore::equal(key_part.substr(0, scheme_end), "Digest");
+ if (in_digest_challenge) { found_digest = true; }
+ if (space_pos == std::string::npos) {
+ // Bare scheme (or a token68), no auth-param on this segment.
+ continue;
+ }
+ key_part = key_part.substr(space_pos + 1);
+ }
+
+ if (!in_digest_challenge) { continue; }
+
+ auto val = trim_copy(segment.substr(eq_pos + 1));
+ auto unquoted = trim_double_quotes_copy(val);
+ if (unquoted.size() != val.size()) {
+ unquoted = unescape_quoted_pairs(unquoted);
+ }
+ auth[std::move(key_part)] = std::move(unquoted);
+ }
+
+ // RFC 7616 Section 3.3 requires realm and nonce on every Digest challenge;
+ // make_digest_authentication_header() dereferences both unconditionally, so
+ // a challenge missing either can't produce a usable Authorization header.
+ // Treat it the same as no Digest challenge at all.
+ return found_digest && auth.find("realm") != auth.end() &&
+ auth.find("nonce") != auth.end();
+}
+
+class ContentProviderAdapter {
+public:
+ explicit ContentProviderAdapter(
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength &&content_provider)
+ : content_provider_(std::move(content_provider)) {}
+
+ bool operator()(size_t offset, size_t, DataSink &sink) {
+ return content_provider_(offset, sink);
+ }
+
+private:
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_;
+};
+
+// NOTE: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#section-5
+namespace fields {
+
+inline bool is_token_char(char c) {
+ return is_ascii_alnum(c) || c == '!' || c == '#' || c == '$' || c == '%' ||
+ c == '&' || c == '\'' || c == '*' || c == '+' || c == '-' ||
+ c == '.' || c == '^' || c == '_' || c == '`' || c == '|' || c == '~';
+}
+
+inline bool is_token(const std::string &s) {
+ if (s.empty()) { return false; }
+ for (auto c : s) {
+ if (!is_token_char(c)) { return false; }
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool is_field_name(const std::string &s) { return is_token(s); }
+
+inline bool is_vchar(char c) { return c >= 33 && c <= 126; }
+
+inline bool is_obs_text(char c) { return 128 <= static_cast<unsigned char>(c); }
+
+inline bool is_field_vchar(char c) { return is_vchar(c) || is_obs_text(c); }
+
+inline bool is_field_content(const std::string &s) {
+ if (s.empty()) { return true; }
+
+ if (s.size() == 1) {
+ return is_field_vchar(s[0]);
+ } else if (s.size() == 2) {
+ return is_field_vchar(s[0]) && is_field_vchar(s[1]);
+ } else {
+ size_t i = 0;
+
+ if (!is_field_vchar(s[i])) { return false; }
+ i++;
+
+ while (i < s.size() - 1) {
+ auto c = s[i++];
+ if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || is_field_vchar(c)) {
+ } else {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return is_field_vchar(s[i]);
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool is_field_value(const std::string &s) { return is_field_content(s); }
+
+inline bool is_field_valid(const std::string &name, const std::string &value) {
+ return is_field_name(name) && is_field_value(value);
+}
+
+} // namespace fields
+
+inline bool perform_websocket_handshake(Stream &strm, Request &req,
+ WebSocketUpgradeResponse &upgrade) {
+ // Generate random Sec-WebSocket-Key
+ thread_local std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}());
+ std::string key_bytes(16, '\0');
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 16; i += 4) {
+ auto r = rng();
+ std::memcpy(&key_bytes[i], &r, (std::min)(size_t(4), size_t(16 - i)));
+ }
+ auto client_key = base64_encode(key_bytes);
+
+ req.headers.erase("Upgrade");
+ req.headers.erase("Connection");
+ req.headers.erase("Sec-WebSocket-Key");
+ req.headers.erase("Sec-WebSocket-Version");
+ req.headers.emplace("Upgrade", "websocket");
+ req.headers.emplace("Connection", "Upgrade");
+ req.headers.emplace("Sec-WebSocket-Key", client_key);
+ req.headers.emplace("Sec-WebSocket-Version", "13");
+
+ // Build the request in memory first, like ClientImpl::write_request does.
+ // Writing straight to the socket would leak a request line onto the wire
+ // before check_and_write_headers gets a chance to reject an invalid header,
+ // and would emit one small write per header.
+ BufferStream bstrm;
+
+ if (write_request_line(bstrm, req.method, req.path) < 0) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto error = Error::Success;
+ if (!check_and_write_headers(bstrm, req.headers, write_headers, error)) {
+ upgrade.error = error;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ const auto &data = bstrm.get_buffer();
+ if (!write_data(strm, data.data(), data.size())) {
+ upgrade.error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify 101 response and Sec-WebSocket-Accept header
+ auto expected_accept = websocket_accept_key(client_key);
+ return read_websocket_upgrade_response(strm, expected_accept, upgrade);
+}
+
+inline bool is_ip_address(const std::string &host) {
+ struct in_addr addr4;
+ struct in6_addr addr6;
+ return inet_pton(AF_INET, host.c_str(), &addr4) == 1 ||
+ inet_pton(AF_INET6, host.c_str(), &addr6) == 1;
+}
+
+// Resolve where a client should connect for `host`, honoring a user-supplied
+// hostname-to-address map. `host` itself is never rewritten, so it keeps
+// supplying the Host header and SNI; only the connection target changes.
+//
+// A mapped IP literal goes to `ip`, which keeps create_socket's AI_NUMERICHOST
+// path. Anything else goes to `connect_host`, which create_socket resolves as
+// a name, or uses as the socket path when the address family is AF_UNIX. An
+// absent or empty mapping leaves `host` as the connection target; without the
+// empty check the value would reach getaddrinfo as a null node and silently
+// resolve to loopback.
+inline void apply_addr_map(const std::map<std::string, std::string> &addr_map,
+ const std::string &host, std::string &connect_host,
+ std::string &ip) {
+ connect_host = host;
+ ip.clear();
+
+ auto it = addr_map.find(host);
+ if (it == addr_map.end() || it->second.empty()) { return; }
+
+ if (is_ip_address(it->second)) {
+ ip = it->second;
+ } else {
+ connect_host = it->second;
+ }
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+/*
+ * Group 2: detail namespace - SSL common utilities
+ */
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+namespace detail {
+
+class SSLSocketStream final : public Stream {
+public:
+ SSLSocketStream(
+ socket_t sock, tls::session_t session, time_t read_timeout_sec,
+ time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
+ time_t write_timeout_usec, time_t max_timeout_msec = 0,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time =
+ (std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min)());
+ ~SSLSocketStream() override;
+
+ bool is_readable() const override;
+ bool wait_readable() const override;
+ bool wait_writable() const override;
+ bool is_peer_alive() const override;
+ ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override;
+ ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) override;
+ void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
+ void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
+ socket_t socket() const override;
+ time_t duration() const override;
+ void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0) override;
+
+ // See SocketStream::set_readable_hint().
+ void set_readable_hint() { readable_hint_ = true; }
+
+private:
+ bool ensure_readable();
+
+ socket_t sock_;
+ tls::session_t session_;
+ time_t read_timeout_sec_;
+ time_t read_timeout_usec_;
+ time_t write_timeout_sec_;
+ time_t write_timeout_usec_;
+ time_t max_timeout_msec_;
+ const std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_;
+ bool readable_hint_ = false;
+};
+
+// A TLS stream for WebSocket connections, where the receive path and the
+// send path (application send() plus the heartbeat ping thread) run on
+// different threads. A single TLS session must never be entered
+// concurrently, so every call into the session is serialized by one mutex.
+//
+// Unlike SSLSocketStream, the socket is kept non-blocking for the stream's
+// whole lifetime and each read()/write() performs a single non-blocking TLS
+// call under the lock, then waits for readiness with select() outside the
+// lock. The lock is therefore held only for CPU-bound work, so a reader
+// blocked waiting for data never stalls a concurrent sender.
+//
+// This stream is used only for wss:// connections. Plain ws:// and ordinary
+// HTTP/HTTPS keep using SocketStream/SSLSocketStream unchanged.
+class WebSocketSSLStream final : public Stream {
+public:
+ WebSocketSSLStream(socket_t sock, tls::session_t session,
+ time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
+ time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec);
+ ~WebSocketSSLStream() override;
+
+ bool is_readable() const override;
+ bool wait_readable() const override;
+ bool wait_writable() const override;
+ ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override;
+ ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) override;
+ void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
+ void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
+ socket_t socket() const override;
+ time_t duration() const override;
+ void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0) override;
+
+private:
+ mutable std::mutex session_mutex_;
+
+ socket_t sock_;
+ tls::session_t session_;
+ // WebSocket::close() shortens the read timeout from the closing thread
+ // while the receive thread is inside wait_readable(), so these two are read
+ // and written concurrently. The write timeouts are never mutated.
+ std::atomic<time_t> read_timeout_sec_;
+ std::atomic<time_t> read_timeout_usec_;
+ time_t write_timeout_sec_;
+ time_t write_timeout_usec_;
+ const std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_;
+};
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+inline std::string message_digest(const std::string &s, const EVP_MD *algo) {
+ auto context = std::unique_ptr<EVP_MD_CTX, decltype(&EVP_MD_CTX_free)>(
+ EVP_MD_CTX_new(), EVP_MD_CTX_free);
+
+ unsigned int hash_length = 0;
+ unsigned char hash[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
+
+ EVP_DigestInit_ex(context.get(), algo, nullptr);
+ EVP_DigestUpdate(context.get(), s.c_str(), s.size());
+ EVP_DigestFinal_ex(context.get(), hash, &hash_length);
+
+ std::stringstream ss;
+ for (auto i = 0u; i < hash_length; ++i) {
+ ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0')
+ << static_cast<unsigned int>(hash[i]);
+ }
+
+ return ss.str();
+}
+
+inline std::string MD5(const std::string &s) {
+ return message_digest(s, EVP_md5());
+}
+
+inline std::string SHA_256(const std::string &s) {
+ return message_digest(s, EVP_sha256());
+}
+
+inline std::string SHA_512(const std::string &s) {
+ return message_digest(s, EVP_sha512());
+}
+#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT)
+namespace {
+template <size_t N>
+inline std::string hash_to_hex(const unsigned char (&hash)[N]) {
+ std::stringstream ss;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
+ ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0')
+ << static_cast<unsigned int>(hash[i]);
+ }
+ return ss.str();
+}
+} // namespace
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+// Mbed TLS 4.x provides hashing (and TLS RNG) via PSA Crypto, which must be
+// initialized once. PSA state is process-global; do not free it.
+inline bool ensure_mbedtls_psa_crypto() {
+ static std::once_flag once;
+ static bool ok = false;
+ std::call_once(once, []() { ok = (psa_crypto_init() == PSA_SUCCESS); });
+ return ok;
+}
+
+inline bool psa_hash(psa_algorithm_t alg, const std::string &s,
+ unsigned char *out, size_t out_size) {
+ if (!ensure_mbedtls_psa_crypto()) { return false; }
+ size_t olen = 0;
+ return psa_hash_compute(alg, reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(s.data()),
+ s.size(), out, out_size, &olen) == PSA_SUCCESS &&
+ olen == out_size;
+}
+#endif
+
+inline std::string MD5(const std::string &s) {
+ unsigned char hash[16];
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ if (!psa_hash(PSA_ALG_MD5, s, hash, sizeof(hash))) { return {}; }
+#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3)
+ mbedtls_md5(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()), s.size(),
+ hash);
+#else
+ mbedtls_md5_ret(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()), s.size(),
+ hash);
+#endif
+ return hash_to_hex(hash);
+}
+
+inline std::string SHA_256(const std::string &s) {
+ unsigned char hash[32];
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ if (!psa_hash(PSA_ALG_SHA_256, s, hash, sizeof(hash))) { return {}; }
+#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3)
+ mbedtls_sha256(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()), s.size(),
+ hash, 0);
+#else
+ mbedtls_sha256_ret(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
+ s.size(), hash, 0);
+#endif
+ return hash_to_hex(hash);
+}
+
+inline std::string SHA_512(const std::string &s) {
+ unsigned char hash[64];
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ if (!psa_hash(PSA_ALG_SHA_512, s, hash, sizeof(hash))) { return {}; }
+#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3)
+ mbedtls_sha512(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()), s.size(),
+ hash, 0);
+#else
+ mbedtls_sha512_ret(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
+ s.size(), hash, 0);
+#endif
+ return hash_to_hex(hash);
+}
+#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT)
+namespace {
+template <size_t N>
+inline std::string hash_to_hex(const unsigned char (&hash)[N]) {
+ std::stringstream ss;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
+ ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0')
+ << static_cast<unsigned int>(hash[i]);
+ }
+ return ss.str();
+}
+} // namespace
+
+inline std::string MD5(const std::string &s) {
+ unsigned char hash[WC_MD5_DIGEST_SIZE];
+ wc_Md5Hash(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
+ static_cast<word32>(s.size()), hash);
+ return hash_to_hex(hash);
+}
+
+inline std::string SHA_256(const std::string &s) {
+ unsigned char hash[WC_SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE];
+ wc_Sha256Hash(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
+ static_cast<word32>(s.size()), hash);
+ return hash_to_hex(hash);
+}
+
+inline std::string SHA_512(const std::string &s) {
+ unsigned char hash[WC_SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE];
+ wc_Sha512Hash(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
+ static_cast<word32>(s.size()), hash);
+ return hash_to_hex(hash);
+}
+#endif
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool process_server_socket_ssl(
+ const std::atomic<socket_t> &svr_sock, tls::session_t session,
+ socket_t sock, size_t keep_alive_max_count, time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec,
+ time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
+ time_t write_timeout_usec, T callback) {
+ return process_server_socket_core(
+ svr_sock, sock, keep_alive_max_count, keep_alive_timeout_sec,
+ [&](bool close_connection, bool &connection_closed) {
+ SSLSocketStream strm(sock, session, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec,
+ write_timeout_sec, write_timeout_usec);
+ // See the non-TLS path in process_server_socket().
+ strm.set_readable_hint();
+ return callback(strm, close_connection, connection_closed);
+ });
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool process_client_socket_ssl(
+ tls::session_t session, socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec,
+ time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
+ time_t write_timeout_usec, time_t max_timeout_msec,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time, T callback) {
+ SSLSocketStream strm(sock, session, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec,
+ write_timeout_sec, write_timeout_usec, max_timeout_msec,
+ start_time);
+ return callback(strm);
+}
+
+inline std::pair<std::string, std::string> make_digest_authentication_header(
+ const Request &req, const std::map<std::string, std::string> &auth,
+ size_t cnonce_count, const std::string &cnonce, const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password, bool is_proxy = false) {
+ std::string nc;
+ {
+ std::stringstream ss;
+ ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(8) << std::hex << cnonce_count;
+ nc = ss.str();
+ }
+
+ std::string qop;
+ if (auth.find("qop") != auth.end()) {
+ qop = auth.at("qop");
+ if (qop.find("auth-int") != std::string::npos) {
+ qop = "auth-int";
+ } else if (qop.find("auth") != std::string::npos) {
+ qop = "auth";
+ } else {
+ qop.clear();
+ }
+ }
+
+ std::string algo = "MD5";
+ if (auth.find("algorithm") != auth.end()) { algo = auth.at("algorithm"); }
+
+ std::string response;
+ {
+ auto H = algo == "SHA-256" ? detail::SHA_256
+ : algo == "SHA-512" ? detail::SHA_512
+ : detail::MD5;
+
+ auto A1 = username + ":" + auth.at("realm") + ":" + password;
+
+ auto A2 = req.method + ":" + req.path;
+ if (qop == "auth-int") { A2 += ":" + H(req.body); }
+
+ if (qop.empty()) {
+ response = H(H(A1) + ":" + auth.at("nonce") + ":" + H(A2));
+ } else {
+ response = H(H(A1) + ":" + auth.at("nonce") + ":" + nc + ":" + cnonce +
+ ":" + qop + ":" + H(A2));
+ }
+ }
+
+ auto opaque = (auth.find("opaque") != auth.end()) ? auth.at("opaque") : "";
+
+ auto field = "Digest username=\"" + username + "\", realm=\"" +
+ auth.at("realm") + "\", nonce=\"" + auth.at("nonce") +
+ "\", uri=\"" + req.path + "\", algorithm=" + algo +
+ (qop.empty() ? ", response=\""
+ : ", qop=" + qop + ", nc=" + nc + ", cnonce=\"" +
+ cnonce + "\", response=\"") +
+ response + "\"" +
+ (opaque.empty() ? "" : ", opaque=\"" + opaque + "\"");
+
+ auto key = is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authorization" : "Authorization";
+ return std::make_pair(key, field);
+}
+
+inline bool match_hostname(const std::string &pattern,
+ const std::string &hostname) {
+ // Exact match (case-insensitive)
+ if (detail::case_ignore::equal(hostname, pattern)) { return true; }
+
+ // Split both pattern and hostname into components by '.'
+ std::vector<std::string> pattern_components;
+ if (!pattern.empty()) {
+ split(pattern.data(), pattern.data() + pattern.size(), '.',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ pattern_components.emplace_back(b, e);
+ });
+ }
+
+ std::vector<std::string> host_components;
+ if (!hostname.empty()) {
+ split(hostname.data(), hostname.data() + hostname.size(), '.',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ host_components.emplace_back(b, e);
+ });
+ }
+
+ // Component count must match
+ if (host_components.size() != pattern_components.size()) { return false; }
+
+ // Compare each component with wildcard support
+ // Supports: "*" (full wildcard), "prefix*" (partial wildcard)
+ // https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/firefox-3.0/+bug/376484
+ auto itr = pattern_components.begin();
+ for (const auto &h : host_components) {
+ auto &p = *itr;
+ if (!detail::case_ignore::equal(p, h) && p != "*") {
+ bool partial_match = false;
+ if (!p.empty() && p[p.size() - 1] == '*') {
+ const auto prefix_length = p.size() - 1;
+ if (prefix_length == 0) {
+ partial_match = true;
+ } else if (h.size() >= prefix_length) {
+ partial_match =
+ std::equal(p.begin(),
+ p.begin() + static_cast<std::string::difference_type>(
+ prefix_length),
+ h.begin(), [](const char ca, const char cb) {
+ return detail::case_ignore::to_lower(ca) ==
+ detail::case_ignore::to_lower(cb);
+ });
+ }
+ }
+ if (!partial_match) { return false; }
+ }
+ ++itr;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+// Verify certificate using Windows CertGetCertificateChain API.
+// This provides real-time certificate validation with Windows Update
+// integration, independent of the TLS backend (OpenSSL or MbedTLS).
+inline bool
+verify_cert_with_windows_schannel(const std::vector<unsigned char> &der_cert,
+ const std::string &hostname,
+ bool verify_hostname, uint64_t &out_error) {
+ if (der_cert.empty()) { return false; }
+
+ out_error = 0;
+
+ // Create Windows certificate context from DER data
+ auto cert_context = CertCreateCertificateContext(
+ X509_ASN_ENCODING | PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING, der_cert.data(),
+ static_cast<DWORD>(der_cert.size()));
+
+ if (!cert_context) {
+ out_error = GetLastError();
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto cert_guard =
+ scope_exit([&] { CertFreeCertificateContext(cert_context); });
+
+ // Setup chain parameters
+ CERT_CHAIN_PARA chain_para = {};
+ chain_para.cbSize = sizeof(chain_para);
+
+ // Build certificate chain with revocation checking
+ PCCERT_CHAIN_CONTEXT chain_context = nullptr;
+ auto chain_result = CertGetCertificateChain(
+ nullptr, cert_context, nullptr, cert_context->hCertStore, &chain_para,
+ CERT_CHAIN_CACHE_END_CERT | CERT_CHAIN_REVOCATION_CHECK_END_CERT |
+ CERT_CHAIN_REVOCATION_ACCUMULATIVE_TIMEOUT,
+ nullptr, &chain_context);
+
+ if (!chain_result || !chain_context) {
+ out_error = GetLastError();
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto chain_guard =
+ scope_exit([&] { CertFreeCertificateChain(chain_context); });
+
+ // Check if chain has errors
+ if (chain_context->TrustStatus.dwErrorStatus != CERT_TRUST_NO_ERROR) {
+ out_error = chain_context->TrustStatus.dwErrorStatus;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify SSL policy
+ SSL_EXTRA_CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_PARA extra_policy_para = {};
+ extra_policy_para.cbSize = sizeof(extra_policy_para);
+#ifdef AUTHTYPE_SERVER
+ extra_policy_para.dwAuthType = AUTHTYPE_SERVER;
+#endif
+
+ std::wstring whost;
+ if (verify_hostname) {
+ whost = u8string_to_wstring(hostname.c_str());
+ extra_policy_para.pwszServerName = const_cast<wchar_t *>(whost.c_str());
+ }
+
+ CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_PARA policy_para = {};
+ policy_para.cbSize = sizeof(policy_para);
+#ifdef CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_IGNORE_ALL_REV_UNKNOWN_FLAGS
+ policy_para.dwFlags = CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_IGNORE_ALL_REV_UNKNOWN_FLAGS;
+#else
+ policy_para.dwFlags = 0;
+#endif
+ policy_para.pvExtraPolicyPara = &extra_policy_para;
+
+ CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_STATUS policy_status = {};
+ policy_status.cbSize = sizeof(policy_status);
+
+ if (!CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy(CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_SSL, chain_context,
+ &policy_para, &policy_status)) {
+ out_error = GetLastError();
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (policy_status.dwError != 0) {
+ out_error = policy_status.dwError;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+// Loads CA file/dir configuration and applies the system CA policy to a
+// client TLS context. PEM data and native stores are applied to the context
+// directly at set time; has_custom_store reflects them for the Auto policy
+// decision.
+inline bool load_client_ca_config(tls::ctx_t ctx,
+ const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
+ const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path,
+ bool has_custom_store, SystemCAMode mode,
+ uint64_t &backend_error) {
+ auto ret = true;
+
+ if (!ca_cert_file_path.empty()) {
+ if (!tls::load_ca_file(ctx, ca_cert_file_path.c_str())) {
+ backend_error = tls::get_error();
+ ret = false;
+ }
+ } else if (!ca_cert_dir_path.empty()) {
+ if (!tls::load_ca_dir(ctx, ca_cert_dir_path.c_str())) {
+ backend_error = tls::get_error();
+ ret = false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ auto has_custom_ca = !ca_cert_file_path.empty() ||
+ !ca_cert_dir_path.empty() || has_custom_store;
+ if (mode == SystemCAMode::Enabled ||
+ (mode == SystemCAMode::Auto && !has_custom_ca)) {
+ if (!tls::load_system_certs(ctx)) { backend_error = tls::get_error(); }
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+// The parts of session setup that only SSLClient needs, plus the handful
+// WebSocketClient also exposes; everything else takes the defaults, which is
+// what keeps the two clients on one implementation.
+struct ClientTlsSessionOptions {
+ // Both SSLClient and WebSocketClient expose this independently of
+ // certificate verification.
+ bool server_hostname_verification = true;
+ std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> session_verifier;
+ // When non-null, guards session creation against concurrent use of the
+ // context. A WebSocketClient is not safe to use from several threads to
+ // begin with, so it passes nothing.
+ std::mutex *ctx_mutex = nullptr;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+ // The caller decides whether Schannel has anything to say about this
+ // connection; see SSLClient::initialize_ssl().
+ bool windows_cert_verification = false;
+#endif
+};
+
+// Filled in on failure for callers that report error details.
+struct ClientTlsSessionError {
+ Error error = Error::Success;
+ int ssl_error = 0;
+ uint64_t backend_error = 0;
+};
+
+// Establishes a client TLS session on an already connected socket. On failure
+// the session is left for the caller to free: SSLClient frees it right away,
+// WebSocketClient keeps it in a member that shutdown_and_close() cleans up.
+inline bool setup_client_tls_session(
+ const std::string &host, tls::ctx_t ctx, tls::session_t &session,
+ socket_t sock, bool server_certificate_verification, time_t timeout_sec,
+ time_t timeout_usec, ClientTlsSessionError *out_error = nullptr,
+ const ClientTlsSessionOptions &options = ClientTlsSessionOptions()) {
+ using namespace tls;
+
+ auto fail = [&](Error error, int ssl_error, uint64_t backend_error) {
+ if (out_error) {
+ out_error->error = error;
+ out_error->ssl_error = ssl_error;
+ out_error->backend_error = backend_error;
+ }
+ return false;
+ };
+
+ if (!ctx) {
+ session = nullptr;
+ return fail(Error::SSLConnection, 0, 0);
+ }
+
+#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT) || defined(CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT)
+ // Mbed TLS and wolfSSL need the verification mode set explicitly; OpenSSL
+ // uses SSL_VERIFY_NONE and does all verification post-handshake. Chain
+ // verification happens during the handshake even for IP hosts; the
+ // certificate identity is verified post-handshake via verify_hostname().
+ set_verify_client(ctx, server_certificate_verification);
+#endif
+
+ {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> guard;
+ if (options.ctx_mutex) {
+ guard = std::unique_lock<std::mutex>(*options.ctx_mutex);
+ }
+ session = create_session(ctx, sock);
+ }
+ if (!session) { return fail(Error::SSLConnection, 0, get_error()); }
+
+ // RFC 6066: SNI must not be set for IP addresses; skip it for IP hosts, so
+ // their identity is checked post-handshake below instead. On Mbed TLS and
+ // wolfSSL, set_sni also drives handshake-time hostname verification, so
+ // options.server_hostname_verification is threaded through here.
+ if (!is_ip_address(host)) {
+ if (!set_sni(session, host.c_str(), options.server_hostname_verification)) {
+ return fail(Error::SSLConnection, 0, get_error());
+ }
+ }
+
+ TlsError tls_err;
+ if (!connect_nonblocking(session, sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec,
+ &tls_err)) {
+ auto error = Error::SSLConnection;
+ if (tls_err.code == ErrorCode::CertVerifyFailed) {
+ error = Error::SSLServerVerification;
+ } else if (tls_err.code == ErrorCode::HostnameMismatch) {
+ error = Error::SSLServerHostnameVerification;
+ }
+ return fail(error, static_cast<int>(tls_err.code), tls_err.backend_code);
+ }
+
+ auto verification_status = SSLVerifierResponse::NoDecisionMade;
+ if (options.session_verifier) {
+ verification_status = options.session_verifier(session);
+ }
+
+ if (verification_status == SSLVerifierResponse::CertificateRejected) {
+ return fail(Error::SSLServerVerification, 0, get_error());
+ }
+
+ if (verification_status == SSLVerifierResponse::NoDecisionMade &&
+ server_certificate_verification) {
+ auto verify_result = get_verify_result(session);
+ if (verify_result != 0) {
+ return fail(Error::SSLServerVerification, 0,
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(verify_result));
+ }
+
+ auto server_cert = get_peer_cert(session);
+ if (!server_cert) {
+ return fail(Error::SSLServerVerification, 0, get_error());
+ }
+ auto cert_guard = detail::scope_exit([&] { free_cert(server_cert); });
+
+ // Identity check against the peer certificate, post-handshake for all
+ // backends. For IP hosts this is the only identity verification, since no
+ // hostname is bound during the handshake.
+ if (options.server_hostname_verification) {
+ if (!verify_hostname(server_cert, host.c_str())) {
+ return fail(Error::SSLServerHostnameVerification, 0,
+ hostname_mismatch_code());
+ }
+ }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+ // Additional Windows Schannel verification.
+ // This provides real-time certificate validation with Windows Update
+ // integration, working with both OpenSSL and MbedTLS backends.
+ if (options.windows_cert_verification) {
+ std::vector<unsigned char> der;
+ if (get_cert_der(server_cert, der)) {
+ uint64_t wincrypt_error = 0;
+ if (!verify_cert_with_windows_schannel(
+ der, host, options.server_hostname_verification,
+ wincrypt_error)) {
+ return fail(Error::SSLServerVerification, 0, wincrypt_error);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+/*
+ * Group 3: httplib namespace - Non-SSL public API implementations
+ */
+
+inline void default_socket_options(socket_t sock) {
+ set_socket_opt(sock, SOL_SOCKET,
+#ifdef SO_REUSEPORT
+ SO_REUSEPORT,
+#else
+ SO_REUSEADDR,
+#endif
+ 1);
+}
+
+inline bool set_socket_opt(socket_t sock, int level, int optname, int optval) {
+ return detail::set_socket_opt_impl(sock, level, optname, &optval,
+ sizeof(optval));
+}
+
+inline std::string get_bearer_token_auth(const Request &req) {
+ // The auth scheme is case-insensitive (RFC 9110 11.1), and a value shorter
+ // than the prefix carries no token.
+ constexpr const char bearer_prefix[] = "Bearer ";
+ constexpr auto bearer_prefix_len = detail::str_len(bearer_prefix);
+ auto value = req.get_header_value("Authorization");
+ if (value.size() >= bearer_prefix_len &&
+ detail::case_ignore::equal(value.substr(0, bearer_prefix_len),
+ bearer_prefix)) {
+ return value.substr(bearer_prefix_len);
+ }
+ return "";
+}
+
+inline const char *status_message(int status) {
+ switch (status) {
+ case StatusCode::Continue_100: return "Continue";
+ case StatusCode::SwitchingProtocol_101: return "Switching Protocol";
+ case StatusCode::Processing_102: return "Processing";
+ case StatusCode::EarlyHints_103: return "Early Hints";
+ case StatusCode::OK_200: return "OK";
+ case StatusCode::Created_201: return "Created";
+ case StatusCode::Accepted_202: return "Accepted";
+ case StatusCode::NonAuthoritativeInformation_203:
+ return "Non-Authoritative Information";
+ case StatusCode::NoContent_204: return "No Content";
+ case StatusCode::ResetContent_205: return "Reset Content";
+ case StatusCode::PartialContent_206: return "Partial Content";
+ case StatusCode::MultiStatus_207: return "Multi-Status";
+ case StatusCode::AlreadyReported_208: return "Already Reported";
+ case StatusCode::IMUsed_226: return "IM Used";
+ case StatusCode::MultipleChoices_300: return "Multiple Choices";
+ case StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301: return "Moved Permanently";
+ case StatusCode::Found_302: return "Found";
+ case StatusCode::SeeOther_303: return "See Other";
+ case StatusCode::NotModified_304: return "Not Modified";
+ case StatusCode::UseProxy_305: return "Use Proxy";
+ case StatusCode::unused_306: return "unused";
+ case StatusCode::TemporaryRedirect_307: return "Temporary Redirect";
+ case StatusCode::PermanentRedirect_308: return "Permanent Redirect";
+ case StatusCode::BadRequest_400: return "Bad Request";
+ case StatusCode::Unauthorized_401: return "Unauthorized";
+ case StatusCode::PaymentRequired_402: return "Payment Required";
+ case StatusCode::Forbidden_403: return "Forbidden";
+ case StatusCode::NotFound_404: return "Not Found";
+ case StatusCode::MethodNotAllowed_405: return "Method Not Allowed";
+ case StatusCode::NotAcceptable_406: return "Not Acceptable";
+ case StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407:
+ return "Proxy Authentication Required";
+ case StatusCode::RequestTimeout_408: return "Request Timeout";
+ case StatusCode::Conflict_409: return "Conflict";
+ case StatusCode::Gone_410: return "Gone";
+ case StatusCode::LengthRequired_411: return "Length Required";
+ case StatusCode::PreconditionFailed_412: return "Precondition Failed";
+ case StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413: return "Payload Too Large";
+ case StatusCode::UriTooLong_414: return "URI Too Long";
+ case StatusCode::UnsupportedMediaType_415: return "Unsupported Media Type";
+ case StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416: return "Range Not Satisfiable";
+ case StatusCode::ExpectationFailed_417: return "Expectation Failed";
+ case StatusCode::ImATeapot_418: return "I'm a teapot";
+ case StatusCode::MisdirectedRequest_421: return "Misdirected Request";
+ case StatusCode::UnprocessableContent_422: return "Unprocessable Content";
+ case StatusCode::Locked_423: return "Locked";
+ case StatusCode::FailedDependency_424: return "Failed Dependency";
+ case StatusCode::TooEarly_425: return "Too Early";
+ case StatusCode::UpgradeRequired_426: return "Upgrade Required";
+ case StatusCode::PreconditionRequired_428: return "Precondition Required";
+ case StatusCode::TooManyRequests_429: return "Too Many Requests";
+ case StatusCode::RequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge_431:
+ return "Request Header Fields Too Large";
+ case StatusCode::UnavailableForLegalReasons_451:
+ return "Unavailable For Legal Reasons";
+ case StatusCode::NotImplemented_501: return "Not Implemented";
+ case StatusCode::BadGateway_502: return "Bad Gateway";
+ case StatusCode::ServiceUnavailable_503: return "Service Unavailable";
+ case StatusCode::GatewayTimeout_504: return "Gateway Timeout";
+ case StatusCode::HttpVersionNotSupported_505:
+ return "HTTP Version Not Supported";
+ case StatusCode::VariantAlsoNegotiates_506: return "Variant Also Negotiates";
+ case StatusCode::InsufficientStorage_507: return "Insufficient Storage";
+ case StatusCode::LoopDetected_508: return "Loop Detected";
+ case StatusCode::NotExtended_510: return "Not Extended";
+ case StatusCode::NetworkAuthenticationRequired_511:
+ return "Network Authentication Required";
+
+ default:
+ case StatusCode::InternalServerError_500: return "Internal Server Error";
+ }
+}
+
+inline std::string to_string(const Error error) {
+ switch (error) {
+ case Error::Success: return "Success (no error)";
+ case Error::Unknown: return "Unknown";
+ case Error::Connection: return "Could not establish connection";
+ case Error::BindIPAddress: return "Failed to bind IP address";
+ case Error::Read: return "Failed to read connection";
+ case Error::Write: return "Failed to write connection";
+ case Error::ExceedRedirectCount: return "Maximum redirect count exceeded";
+ case Error::Canceled: return "Connection handling canceled";
+ case Error::SSLConnection: return "SSL connection failed";
+ case Error::SSLLoadingCerts: return "SSL certificate loading failed";
+ case Error::SSLServerVerification: return "SSL server verification failed";
+ case Error::SSLServerHostnameVerification:
+ return "SSL server hostname verification failed";
+ case Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars:
+ return "Unsupported HTTP multipart boundary characters";
+ case Error::Compression: return "Compression failed";
+ case Error::ConnectionTimeout: return "Connection timed out";
+ case Error::ProxyConnection: return "Proxy connection failed";
+ case Error::ConnectionClosed: return "Connection closed by server";
+ case Error::Timeout: return "Read timeout";
+ case Error::ResourceExhaustion: return "Resource exhaustion";
+ case Error::TooManyFormDataFiles: return "Too many form data files";
+ case Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize: return "Exceeded maximum payload size";
+ case Error::ExceedUriMaxLength: return "Exceeded maximum URI length";
+ case Error::ExceedMaxSocketDescriptorCount:
+ return "Exceeded maximum socket descriptor count";
+ case Error::InvalidRequestLine: return "Invalid request line";
+ case Error::InvalidHTTPMethod: return "Invalid HTTP method";
+ case Error::InvalidHTTPVersion: return "Invalid HTTP version";
+ case Error::InvalidHeaders: return "Invalid headers";
+ case Error::MultipartParsing: return "Multipart parsing failed";
+ case Error::OpenFile: return "Failed to open file";
+ case Error::Listen: return "Failed to listen on socket";
+ case Error::GetSockName: return "Failed to get socket name";
+ case Error::UnsupportedAddressFamily: return "Unsupported address family";
+ case Error::HTTPParsing: return "HTTP parsing failed";
+ case Error::InvalidRangeHeader: return "Invalid Range header";
+ case Error::UnsupportedContentEncoding: return "Unsupported Content-Encoding";
+ case Error::WebSocketHandshake: return "WebSocket handshake failed";
+ case Error::UserCallbackException: return "User callback threw an exception";
+ default: break;
+ }
+
+ return "Invalid";
+}
+
+inline std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Error &obj) {
+ os << to_string(obj);
+ os << " (" << static_cast<std::underlying_type<Error>::type>(obj) << ')';
+ return os;
+}
+
+inline std::string hosted_at(const std::string &hostname) {
+ std::vector<std::string> addrs;
+ hosted_at(hostname, addrs);
+ if (addrs.empty()) { return std::string(); }
+ return addrs[0];
+}
+
+inline void hosted_at(const std::string &hostname,
+ std::vector<std::string> &addrs) {
+ struct addrinfo hints;
+ struct addrinfo *result;
+
+ memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
+ hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
+ hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+ hints.ai_protocol = 0;
+
+ if (detail::getaddrinfo_with_timeout(hostname.c_str(), nullptr, &hints,
+ &result, 0)) {
+#if defined __linux__ && !defined __ANDROID__
+ res_init();
+#endif
+ return;
+ }
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { freeaddrinfo(result); });
+
+ for (auto rp = result; rp; rp = rp->ai_next) {
+ const auto &addr =
+ *reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_storage *>(rp->ai_addr);
+ std::string ip;
+ auto dummy = -1;
+ if (detail::get_ip_and_port(addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage), ip,
+ dummy)) {
+ addrs.emplace_back(std::move(ip));
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline std::string encode_uri_component(const std::string &value) {
+ std::ostringstream escaped;
+ escaped.fill('0');
+ escaped << std::hex;
+
+ for (auto c : value) {
+ if (detail::is_ascii_alnum(c) || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '.' ||
+ c == '!' || c == '~' || c == '*' || c == '\'' || c == '(' || c == ')') {
+ escaped << c;
+ } else {
+ escaped << std::uppercase;
+ escaped << '%' << std::setw(2)
+ << static_cast<int>(static_cast<unsigned char>(c));
+ escaped << std::nouppercase;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return escaped.str();
+}
+
+inline std::string encode_uri(const std::string &value) {
+ std::ostringstream escaped;
+ escaped.fill('0');
+ escaped << std::hex;
+
+ for (auto c : value) {
+ if (detail::is_ascii_alnum(c) || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '.' ||
+ c == '!' || c == '~' || c == '*' || c == '\'' || c == '(' || c == ')' ||
+ c == ';' || c == '/' || c == '?' || c == ':' || c == '@' || c == '&' ||
+ c == '=' || c == '+' || c == '$' || c == ',' || c == '#') {
+ escaped << c;
+ } else {
+ escaped << std::uppercase;
+ escaped << '%' << std::setw(2)
+ << static_cast<int>(static_cast<unsigned char>(c));
+ escaped << std::nouppercase;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return escaped.str();
+}
+
+inline std::string decode_uri_component(const std::string &value) {
+ std::string result;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < value.size(); i++) {
+ if (value[i] == '%' && i + 2 < value.size()) {
+ auto val = 0;
+ if (detail::from_hex_to_i(value, i + 1, 2, val)) {
+ result += static_cast<char>(val);
+ i += 2;
+ } else {
+ result += value[i];
+ }
+ } else {
+ result += value[i];
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string decode_uri(const std::string &value) {
+ std::string result;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < value.size(); i++) {
+ if (value[i] == '%' && i + 2 < value.size()) {
+ auto val = 0;
+ if (detail::from_hex_to_i(value, i + 1, 2, val)) {
+ auto c = static_cast<char>(val);
+ // Keep escapes of the reserved characters that encode_uri leaves
+ // literal, so decode_uri is the inverse of encode_uri and an escaped
+ // delimiter is not promoted into a real one (as with JS decodeURI).
+ if (c == ';' || c == '/' || c == '?' || c == ':' || c == '@' ||
+ c == '&' || c == '=' || c == '+' || c == '$' || c == ',' ||
+ c == '#') {
+ result += value[i];
+ result += value[i + 1];
+ result += value[i + 2];
+ } else {
+ result += c;
+ }
+ i += 2;
+ } else {
+ result += value[i];
+ }
+ } else {
+ result += value[i];
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string encode_path_component(const std::string &component) {
+ std::string result;
+ result.reserve(component.size() * 3);
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < component.size(); i++) {
+ auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(component[i]);
+
+ // Unreserved characters per RFC 3986: ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"
+ if (detail::is_ascii_alnum(static_cast<char>(c)) || c == '-' || c == '.' ||
+ c == '_' || c == '~') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ }
+ // Path-safe sub-delimiters: "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")" / "*" / "+" /
+ // "," / ";" / "="
+ else if (c == '!' || c == '$' || c == '&' || c == '\'' || c == '(' ||
+ c == ')' || c == '*' || c == '+' || c == ',' || c == ';' ||
+ c == '=') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ }
+ // Colon is allowed in path segments except first segment
+ else if (c == ':') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ }
+ // @ is allowed in path
+ else if (c == '@') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ } else {
+ result += '%';
+ char hex[3];
+ snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02X", c);
+ result.append(hex, 2);
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string decode_path_component(const std::string &component) {
+ std::string result;
+ result.reserve(component.size());
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < component.size(); i++) {
+ if (component[i] == '%' && i + 1 < component.size()) {
+ if (component[i + 1] == 'u') {
+ // Unicode %uXXXX encoding
+ auto val = 0;
+ if (detail::from_hex_to_i(component, i + 2, 4, val)) {
+ // 4 digits Unicode codes: val is 0x0000-0xFFFF (from 4 hex digits),
+ // so to_utf8 writes at most 3 bytes. buff[4] is safe.
+ char buff[4];
+ size_t len = detail::to_utf8(val, buff);
+ if (len > 0) { result.append(buff, len); }
+ i += 5; // 'u0000'
+ } else {
+ result += component[i];
+ }
+ } else {
+ // Standard %XX encoding
+ auto val = 0;
+ if (detail::from_hex_to_i(component, i + 1, 2, val)) {
+ // 2 digits hex codes
+ result += static_cast<char>(val);
+ i += 2; // 'XX'
+ } else {
+ result += component[i];
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ result += component[i];
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string encode_query_component(const std::string &component,
+ bool space_as_plus) {
+ std::string result;
+ result.reserve(component.size() * 3);
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < component.size(); i++) {
+ auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(component[i]);
+
+ // Unreserved characters per RFC 3986
+ if (detail::is_ascii_alnum(static_cast<char>(c)) || c == '-' || c == '.' ||
+ c == '_' || c == '~') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ }
+ // Space handling
+ else if (c == ' ') {
+ if (space_as_plus) {
+ result += '+';
+ } else {
+ result += "%20";
+ }
+ }
+ // Plus sign handling
+ else if (c == '+') {
+ if (space_as_plus) {
+ result += "%2B";
+ } else {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ }
+ }
+ // Query-safe sub-delimiters (excluding & and = which are query delimiters)
+ else if (c == '!' || c == '$' || c == '\'' || c == '(' || c == ')' ||
+ c == '*' || c == ',' || c == ';') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ }
+ // Colon and @ are allowed in query
+ else if (c == ':' || c == '@') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ }
+ // Forward slash is allowed in query values
+ else if (c == '/') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ }
+ // Question mark is allowed in query values (after first ?)
+ else if (c == '?') {
+ result += static_cast<char>(c);
+ } else {
+ result += '%';
+ char hex[3];
+ snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02X", c);
+ result.append(hex, 2);
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string decode_query_component(const std::string &component,
+ bool plus_as_space) {
+ std::string result;
+ result.reserve(component.size());
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < component.size(); i++) {
+ if (component[i] == '%' && i + 2 < component.size()) {
+ auto val = 0;
+ if (detail::from_hex_to_i(component, i + 1, 2, val)) {
+ result += static_cast<char>(val);
+ i += 2;
+ } else {
+ result += component[i];
+ }
+ } else if (component[i] == '+' && plus_as_space) {
+ result += ' '; // + becomes space in form-urlencoded
+ } else {
+ result += component[i];
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string sanitize_filename(const std::string &filename) {
+ // Extract basename: find the last path separator (/ or \)
+ auto pos = filename.find_last_of("/\\");
+ auto result =
+ (pos != std::string::npos) ? filename.substr(pos + 1) : filename;
+
+ // Strip null bytes
+ result.erase(std::remove(result.begin(), result.end(), '\0'), result.end());
+
+ // Trim whitespace
+ {
+ auto start = result.find_first_not_of(" \t");
+ auto end = result.find_last_not_of(" \t");
+ result = (start == std::string::npos)
+ ? ""
+ : result.substr(start, end - start + 1);
+ }
+
+ // Reject . and ..
+ if (result == "." || result == "..") { return ""; }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string append_query_params(const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params) {
+ std::string path_with_query = path;
+ thread_local const std::regex re("[^?]+\\?.*");
+ auto delm = std::regex_match(path, re) ? '&' : '?';
+ path_with_query += delm + detail::params_to_query_str(params);
+ return path_with_query;
+}
+
+// Header utilities
+inline std::pair<std::string, std::string>
+make_range_header(const Ranges &ranges) {
+ std::string field = "bytes=";
+ auto i = 0;
+ for (const auto &r : ranges) {
+ if (i != 0) { field += ", "; }
+ if (r.first != -1) { field += std::to_string(r.first); }
+ field += '-';
+ if (r.second != -1) { field += std::to_string(r.second); }
+ i++;
+ }
+ return std::make_pair("Range", std::move(field));
+}
+
+inline std::pair<std::string, std::string>
+make_basic_authentication_header(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password, bool is_proxy) {
+ auto field = "Basic " + detail::base64_encode(username + ":" + password);
+ auto key = is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authorization" : "Authorization";
+ return std::make_pair(key, std::move(field));
+}
+
+inline std::pair<std::string, std::string>
+make_bearer_token_authentication_header(const std::string &token,
+ bool is_proxy = false) {
+ auto field = "Bearer " + token;
+ auto key = is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authorization" : "Authorization";
+ return std::make_pair(key, std::move(field));
+}
+
+// Request implementation
+inline size_t Request::get_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_header_value_u64(headers, key, def, id);
+}
+
+inline bool Request::has_header(const std::string &key) const {
+ return detail::has_header(headers, key);
+}
+
+inline std::string Request::get_header_value(const std::string &key,
+ const char *def, size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_header_value(headers, key, def, id);
+}
+
+inline size_t Request::get_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
+ return detail::get_header_value_count(headers, key);
+}
+
+inline void Request::set_header(const std::string &key,
+ const std::string &val) {
+ detail::set_header(headers, key, val);
+}
+
+inline bool Request::has_trailer(const std::string &key) const {
+ return trailers.find(key) != trailers.end();
+}
+
+inline std::string Request::get_trailer_value(const std::string &key,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_multimap_value(trailers, key, id);
+}
+
+inline size_t Request::get_trailer_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
+ return trailers.count(key);
+}
+
+inline bool Request::has_param(const std::string &key) const {
+ return params.find(key) != params.end();
+}
+
+inline std::string Request::get_param_value(const std::string &key,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_multimap_value(params, key, id);
+}
+
+inline std::vector<std::string>
+Request::get_param_values(const std::string &key) const {
+ auto rng = params.equal_range(key);
+ std::vector<std::string> values;
+ values.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(rng.first, rng.second)));
+ for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; ++it) {
+ values.push_back(it->second);
+ }
+ return values;
+}
+
+inline size_t Request::get_param_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
+ return params.count(key);
+}
+
+inline bool Request::is_multipart_form_data() const {
+ const auto &content_type = get_header_value("Content-Type");
+ return detail::extract_media_type(content_type) == "multipart/form-data";
+}
+
+// Multipart FormData implementation
+inline std::string MultipartFormData::get_field(const std::string &key,
+ size_t id) const {
+ auto rng = fields.equal_range(key);
+ auto it = rng.first;
+ std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
+ if (it != rng.second) { return it->second.content; }
+ return std::string();
+}
+
+inline std::vector<std::string>
+MultipartFormData::get_fields(const std::string &key) const {
+ std::vector<std::string> values;
+ auto rng = fields.equal_range(key);
+ for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; it++) {
+ values.push_back(it->second.content);
+ }
+ return values;
+}
+
+inline bool MultipartFormData::has_field(const std::string &key) const {
+ return fields.find(key) != fields.end();
+}
+
+inline size_t MultipartFormData::get_field_count(const std::string &key) const {
+ return fields.count(key);
+}
+
+inline FormData MultipartFormData::get_file(const std::string &key,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_multimap_value(files, key, id);
+}
+
+inline std::vector<FormData>
+MultipartFormData::get_files(const std::string &key) const {
+ std::vector<FormData> values;
+ auto rng = files.equal_range(key);
+ for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; it++) {
+ values.push_back(it->second);
+ }
+ return values;
+}
+
+inline bool MultipartFormData::has_file(const std::string &key) const {
+ return files.find(key) != files.end();
+}
+
+inline size_t MultipartFormData::get_file_count(const std::string &key) const {
+ return files.count(key);
+}
+
+// Multipart FormData writer implementation
+inline bool is_valid_multipart_boundary(const std::string &boundary) {
+ return detail::is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(boundary);
+}
+
+inline MultipartFormDataWriter::MultipartFormDataWriter()
+ : boundary_(detail::make_multipart_data_boundary()) {}
+
+inline MultipartFormDataWriter::MultipartFormDataWriter(std::string boundary)
+ : boundary_(std::move(boundary)) {}
+
+inline const std::string &MultipartFormDataWriter::boundary() const {
+ return boundary_;
+}
+
+inline std::string MultipartFormDataWriter::content_type() const {
+ return detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary_);
+}
+
+inline std::string
+MultipartFormDataWriter::serialize(const UploadFormDataItems &items) const {
+ return detail::serialize_multipart_formdata(items, boundary_);
+}
+
+inline size_t MultipartFormDataWriter::content_length(
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items) const {
+ return detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary_);
+}
+
+inline std::string
+MultipartFormDataWriter::item_begin(const UploadFormData &item) const {
+ return detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(item, boundary_);
+}
+
+inline std::string MultipartFormDataWriter::item_end() {
+ return detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end();
+}
+
+inline std::string MultipartFormDataWriter::finish() const {
+ return detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary_);
+}
+
+// Response implementation
+inline size_t Response::get_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_header_value_u64(headers, key, def, id);
+}
+
+inline bool Response::has_header(const std::string &key) const {
+ return headers.find(key) != headers.end();
+}
+
+inline std::string Response::get_header_value(const std::string &key,
+ const char *def,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_header_value(headers, key, def, id);
+}
+
+inline size_t Response::get_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
+ return detail::get_header_value_count(headers, key);
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_header(const std::string &key,
+ const std::string &val) {
+ detail::set_header(headers, key, val);
+}
+inline bool Response::has_trailer(const std::string &key) const {
+ return trailers.find(key) != trailers.end();
+}
+
+inline std::string Response::get_trailer_value(const std::string &key,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_multimap_value(trailers, key, id);
+}
+
+inline size_t Response::get_trailer_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
+ return trailers.count(key);
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_redirect(const std::string &url, int stat) {
+ if (detail::fields::is_field_value(url)) {
+ set_header("Location", url);
+ if (300 <= stat && stat < 400) {
+ this->status = stat;
+ } else {
+ this->status = StatusCode::Found_302;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_content(const char *s, size_t n,
+ const std::string &content_type) {
+ body.assign(s, n);
+
+ auto rng = headers.equal_range("Content-Type");
+ headers.erase(rng.first, rng.second);
+ set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
+ content_coding_ = detail::EncodingType::None;
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_content(const std::string &s,
+ const std::string &content_type) {
+ set_content(s.data(), s.size(), content_type);
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_content(std::string &&s,
+ const std::string &content_type) {
+ body = std::move(s);
+
+ auto rng = headers.equal_range("Content-Type");
+ headers.erase(rng.first, rng.second);
+ set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
+ content_coding_ = detail::EncodingType::None;
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_content_provider(
+ size_t in_length, const std::string &content_type, ContentProvider provider,
+ ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser) {
+ set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
+ content_length_ = in_length;
+ if (in_length > 0) { content_provider_ = std::move(provider); }
+ content_provider_resource_releaser_ = std::move(resource_releaser);
+ is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
+ content_coding_ = detail::EncodingType::None;
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_content_provider(
+ const std::string &content_type, ContentProviderWithoutLength provider,
+ ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser) {
+ set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
+ content_length_ = 0;
+ content_provider_ = detail::ContentProviderAdapter(std::move(provider));
+ content_provider_resource_releaser_ = std::move(resource_releaser);
+ is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
+ content_coding_ = detail::EncodingType::None;
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_chunked_content_provider(
+ const std::string &content_type, ContentProviderWithoutLength provider,
+ ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser) {
+ set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
+ content_length_ = 0;
+ content_provider_ = detail::ContentProviderAdapter(std::move(provider));
+ content_provider_resource_releaser_ = std::move(resource_releaser);
+ is_chunked_content_provider_ = true;
+ content_coding_ = detail::EncodingType::None;
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_file_content(const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &content_type) {
+ file_content_path_ = path;
+ file_content_content_type_ = content_type;
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_file_content(const std::string &path) {
+ file_content_path_ = path;
+}
+
+// Result implementation
+inline size_t Result::get_request_header_value_u64(const std::string &key,
+ size_t def,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_header_value_u64(request_headers_, key, def, id);
+}
+
+inline bool Result::has_request_header(const std::string &key) const {
+ return request_headers_.find(key) != request_headers_.end();
+}
+
+inline std::string Result::get_request_header_value(const std::string &key,
+ const char *def,
+ size_t id) const {
+ return detail::get_header_value(request_headers_, key, def, id);
+}
+
+inline size_t
+Result::get_request_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
+ return request_headers_.count(key);
+}
+
+// Stream implementation
+inline ssize_t Stream::write(const char *ptr) {
+ return write(ptr, strlen(ptr));
+}
+
+inline ssize_t Stream::write(const std::string &s) {
+ return write(s.data(), s.size());
+}
+
+// BodyReader implementation
+inline ssize_t detail::BodyReader::read(char *buf, size_t len) {
+ if (!stream) {
+ last_error = Error::Connection;
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (eof) { return 0; }
+
+ if (!chunked) {
+ // Content-Length based reading
+ if (has_content_length && bytes_read >= content_length) {
+ eof = true;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ auto to_read = len;
+ if (has_content_length) {
+ auto remaining = content_length - bytes_read;
+ to_read = (std::min)(len, remaining);
+ }
+ auto n = stream->read(buf, to_read);
+
+ if (n < 0) {
+ last_error = stream->get_error();
+ if (last_error == Error::Success) { last_error = Error::Read; }
+ eof = true;
+ return n;
+ }
+ if (n == 0) {
+ // Unexpected EOF before content_length
+ last_error = stream->get_error();
+ if (last_error == Error::Success) { last_error = Error::Read; }
+ eof = true;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ bytes_read += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ if (has_content_length && bytes_read >= content_length) { eof = true; }
+ if (payload_max_length > 0 && bytes_read > payload_max_length) {
+ last_error = Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize;
+ eof = true;
+ return -1;
+ }
+ return n;
+ }
+
+ // Chunked transfer encoding: delegate to shared decoder instance.
+ if (!chunked_decoder) { chunked_decoder.reset(new ChunkedDecoder(*stream)); }
+
+ size_t chunk_offset = 0;
+ size_t chunk_total = 0;
+ auto n = chunked_decoder->read_payload(buf, len, chunk_offset, chunk_total);
+ if (n < 0) {
+ last_error = stream->get_error();
+ if (last_error == Error::Success) { last_error = Error::Read; }
+ eof = true;
+ return n;
+ }
+
+ if (n == 0) {
+ // Final chunk observed. Leave trailer parsing to the caller (StreamHandle).
+ eof = true;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ bytes_read += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ if (payload_max_length > 0 && bytes_read > payload_max_length) {
+ last_error = Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize;
+ eof = true;
+ return -1;
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+// ThreadPool implementation
+inline ThreadPool::ThreadPool(size_t n, size_t max_n, size_t mqr,
+ time_t idle_timeout_sec)
+ : base_thread_count_(n), max_queued_requests_(mqr),
+ idle_timeout_sec_(idle_timeout_sec), idle_thread_count_(0),
+ shutdown_(false) {
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ if (max_n != 0 && max_n < n) {
+ std::string msg = "max_threads must be >= base_threads";
+ throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
+ }
+#endif
+ max_thread_count_ = max_n == 0 ? n : max_n;
+ threads_.reserve(base_thread_count_);
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ try {
+#endif
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < base_thread_count_; i++) {
+ threads_.emplace_back(std::thread([this]() { worker(false); }));
+ }
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ } catch (...) {
+ // If thread creation fails partway (e.g., pthread_create returns EAGAIN),
+ // signal the workers we already spawned to exit and join them so the
+ // vector destructor does not see joinable threads (which would call
+ // std::terminate). Then rethrow so the caller learns of the failure.
+ {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+ shutdown_ = true;
+ }
+ cond_.notify_all();
+ for (auto &t : threads_) {
+ if (t.joinable()) { t.join(); }
+ }
+ throw;
+ }
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool ThreadPool::enqueue(std::function<void()> fn) {
+ {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+ if (shutdown_) { return false; }
+ if (max_queued_requests_ > 0 && jobs_.size() >= max_queued_requests_) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ jobs_.push_back(std::move(fn));
+
+ // Spawn a dynamic thread if no idle threads and under max
+ if (idle_thread_count_ == 0 &&
+ threads_.size() + dynamic_threads_.size() < max_thread_count_) {
+ cleanup_finished_threads();
+ dynamic_threads_.emplace_back(std::thread([this]() { worker(true); }));
+ }
+ }
+
+ cond_.notify_one();
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void ThreadPool::shutdown() {
+ {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+ shutdown_ = true;
+ }
+
+ cond_.notify_all();
+
+ for (auto &t : threads_) {
+ if (t.joinable()) { t.join(); }
+ }
+
+ // Move dynamic_threads_ to a local list under the lock to avoid racing
+ // with worker threads that call move_to_finished() concurrently.
+ std::list<std::thread> remaining_dynamic;
+ {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+ remaining_dynamic = std::move(dynamic_threads_);
+ }
+ for (auto &t : remaining_dynamic) {
+ if (t.joinable()) { t.join(); }
+ }
+
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+ cleanup_finished_threads();
+}
+
+inline void ThreadPool::move_to_finished(std::thread::id id) {
+ // Must be called with mutex_ held
+ for (auto it = dynamic_threads_.begin(); it != dynamic_threads_.end(); ++it) {
+ if (it->get_id() == id) {
+ finished_threads_.push_back(std::move(*it));
+ dynamic_threads_.erase(it);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline void ThreadPool::cleanup_finished_threads() {
+ // Must be called with mutex_ held
+ for (auto &t : finished_threads_) {
+ if (t.joinable()) { t.join(); }
+ }
+ finished_threads_.clear();
+}
+
+inline void ThreadPool::worker(bool is_dynamic) {
+ for (;;) {
+ std::function<void()> fn;
+ {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+ idle_thread_count_++;
+
+ if (is_dynamic) {
+ auto has_work =
+ cond_.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(idle_timeout_sec_),
+ [&] { return !jobs_.empty() || shutdown_; });
+ if (!has_work) {
+ // Timed out with no work - exit this dynamic thread
+ idle_thread_count_--;
+ move_to_finished(std::this_thread::get_id());
+ break;
+ }
+ } else {
+ cond_.wait(lock, [&] { return !jobs_.empty() || shutdown_; });
+ }
+
+ idle_thread_count_--;
+
+ if (shutdown_ && jobs_.empty()) { break; }
+
+ fn = std::move(jobs_.front());
+ jobs_.pop_front();
+ }
+
+ assert(true == static_cast<bool>(fn));
+ fn();
+ }
+
+#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT) && !defined(OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL) && \
+ !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+ OPENSSL_thread_stop();
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Group 1 (continued): detail namespace - Stream implementations
+ */
+
+namespace detail {
+
+inline void calc_actual_timeout(time_t max_timeout_msec, time_t duration_msec,
+ time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
+ time_t &actual_timeout_sec,
+ time_t &actual_timeout_usec) {
+ auto timeout_msec = (timeout_sec * 1000) + (timeout_usec / 1000);
+
+ auto actual_timeout_msec =
+ (std::min)(max_timeout_msec - duration_msec, timeout_msec);
+
+ if (actual_timeout_msec < 0) { actual_timeout_msec = 0; }
+
+ actual_timeout_sec = actual_timeout_msec / 1000;
+ actual_timeout_usec = (actual_timeout_msec % 1000) * 1000;
+}
+
+// Socket stream implementation
+inline SocketStream::SocketStream(
+ socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
+ time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec,
+ time_t max_timeout_msec,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time)
+ : sock_(sock), read_timeout_sec_(read_timeout_sec),
+ read_timeout_usec_(read_timeout_usec),
+ write_timeout_sec_(write_timeout_sec),
+ write_timeout_usec_(write_timeout_usec),
+ max_timeout_msec_(max_timeout_msec), start_time_(start_time),
+ read_buff_(read_buff_size_, 0) {}
+
+inline SocketStream::~SocketStream() = default;
+
+inline bool SocketStream::is_readable() const {
+ return read_buff_off_ < read_buff_content_size_;
+}
+
+inline bool SocketStream::wait_readable() const {
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ <= 0) {
+ return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_) > 0;
+ }
+
+ time_t read_timeout_sec;
+ time_t read_timeout_usec;
+ calc_actual_timeout(max_timeout_msec_, duration(), read_timeout_sec_,
+ read_timeout_usec_, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec);
+
+ return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec) > 0;
+}
+
+inline bool SocketStream::wait_writable() const {
+ return select_write(sock_, write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_) > 0;
+}
+
+inline bool SocketStream::ensure_readable() {
+ if (readable_hint_) {
+ readable_hint_ = false;
+ return true;
+ }
+ return wait_readable();
+}
+
+inline const char *SocketStream::buffered_data(size_t &size) const {
+ size = read_buff_content_size_ - read_buff_off_;
+ return size ? read_buff_.data() + read_buff_off_ : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline void SocketStream::consume_buffered(size_t size) {
+ assert(size <= read_buff_content_size_ - read_buff_off_);
+ read_buff_off_ += size;
+}
+
+inline bool SocketStream::is_peer_alive() const {
+ return detail::is_socket_alive(sock_);
+}
+
+inline ssize_t SocketStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ size =
+ (std::min)(size, static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<int>::max)()));
+#else
+ size = (std::min)(size,
+ static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<ssize_t>::max)()));
+#endif
+
+ if (read_buff_off_ < read_buff_content_size_) {
+ auto remaining_size = read_buff_content_size_ - read_buff_off_;
+ if (size <= remaining_size) {
+ memcpy(ptr, read_buff_.data() + read_buff_off_, size);
+ read_buff_off_ += size;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(size);
+ } else {
+ memcpy(ptr, read_buff_.data() + read_buff_off_, remaining_size);
+ read_buff_off_ += remaining_size;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(remaining_size);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!ensure_readable()) {
+ error_ = Error::Timeout;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ read_buff_off_ = 0;
+ read_buff_content_size_ = 0;
+
+ if (size < read_buff_size_) {
+ auto n = read_socket(sock_, read_buff_.data(), read_buff_size_,
+ CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS);
+ if (n <= 0) {
+ if (n == 0) {
+ error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
+ } else {
+ error_ = Error::Read;
+ }
+ return n;
+ } else if (n <= static_cast<ssize_t>(size)) {
+ memcpy(ptr, read_buff_.data(), static_cast<size_t>(n));
+ return n;
+ } else {
+ memcpy(ptr, read_buff_.data(), size);
+ read_buff_off_ = size;
+ read_buff_content_size_ = static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(size);
+ }
+ } else {
+ auto n = read_socket(sock_, ptr, size, CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS);
+ if (n <= 0) {
+ if (n == 0) {
+ error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
+ } else {
+ error_ = Error::Read;
+ }
+ }
+ return n;
+ }
+}
+
+inline ssize_t SocketStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
+ if (!wait_writable()) { return -1; }
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN64)
+ size =
+ (std::min)(size, static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<int>::max)()));
+#endif
+
+ return send_socket(sock_, ptr, size, CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_FLAGS);
+}
+
+inline void SocketStream::get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
+ int &port) const {
+ return detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
+}
+
+inline void SocketStream::get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
+ int &port) const {
+ return detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
+}
+
+inline socket_t SocketStream::socket() const { return sock_; }
+
+inline time_t SocketStream::duration() const {
+ return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+ std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time_)
+ .count();
+}
+
+inline void SocketStream::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+}
+
+// Buffer stream implementation
+inline bool BufferStream::is_readable() const { return true; }
+
+inline bool BufferStream::wait_readable() const { return true; }
+
+inline bool BufferStream::wait_writable() const { return true; }
+
+inline ssize_t BufferStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
+ auto len_read = buffer._Copy_s(ptr, size, size, position);
+#else
+ auto len_read = buffer.copy(ptr, size, position);
+#endif
+ position += static_cast<size_t>(len_read);
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(len_read);
+}
+
+inline ssize_t BufferStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
+ buffer.append(ptr, size);
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(size);
+}
+
+inline void BufferStream::get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string & /*ip*/,
+ int & /*port*/) const {}
+
+inline void BufferStream::get_local_ip_and_port(std::string & /*ip*/,
+ int & /*port*/) const {}
+
+inline socket_t BufferStream::socket() const { return 0; }
+
+inline time_t BufferStream::duration() const { return 0; }
+
+inline const std::string &BufferStream::get_buffer() const { return buffer; }
+
+inline PathParamsMatcher::PathParamsMatcher(const std::string &pattern)
+ : MatcherBase(pattern) {
+ constexpr const char marker[] = "/:";
+
+ // One past the last ending position of a path param substring
+ std::size_t last_param_end = 0;
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ // Needed to ensure that parameter names are unique during matcher
+ // construction
+ // If exceptions are disabled, only last duplicate path
+ // parameter will be set
+ std::unordered_set<std::string> param_name_set;
+#endif
+
+ while (true) {
+ const auto marker_pos = pattern.find(
+ marker, last_param_end == 0 ? last_param_end : last_param_end - 1);
+ if (marker_pos == std::string::npos) { break; }
+
+ static_fragments_.push_back(
+ pattern.substr(last_param_end, marker_pos - last_param_end + 1));
+
+ const auto param_name_start = marker_pos + str_len(marker);
+
+ auto sep_pos = pattern.find(separator, param_name_start);
+ if (sep_pos == std::string::npos) { sep_pos = pattern.length(); }
+
+ auto param_name =
+ pattern.substr(param_name_start, sep_pos - param_name_start);
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ if (param_name_set.find(param_name) != param_name_set.cend()) {
+ std::string msg = "Encountered path parameter '" + param_name +
+ "' multiple times in route pattern '" + pattern + "'.";
+ throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ param_names_.push_back(std::move(param_name));
+
+ last_param_end = sep_pos + 1;
+ }
+
+ if (last_param_end < pattern.length()) {
+ static_fragments_.push_back(pattern.substr(last_param_end));
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool PathParamsMatcher::match(Request &request) const {
+ request.matches = std::smatch();
+ request.path_params.clear();
+
+ // A pattern without parameters is just a literal path to compare against
+ if (param_names_.empty()) { return request.path == pattern(); }
+
+ request.path_params.reserve(param_names_.size());
+
+ // One past the position at which the path matched the pattern last time
+ std::size_t starting_pos = 0;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < static_fragments_.size(); ++i) {
+ const auto &fragment = static_fragments_[i];
+
+ if (starting_pos + fragment.length() > request.path.length()) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Avoid unnecessary allocation by using strncmp instead of substr +
+ // comparison
+ if (std::strncmp(request.path.c_str() + starting_pos, fragment.c_str(),
+ fragment.length()) != 0) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ starting_pos += fragment.length();
+
+ // Should only happen when we have a static fragment after a param
+ // Example: '/users/:id/subscriptions'
+ // The 'subscriptions' fragment here does not have a corresponding param
+ if (i >= param_names_.size()) { continue; }
+
+ auto sep_pos = request.path.find(separator, starting_pos);
+ if (sep_pos == std::string::npos) { sep_pos = request.path.length(); }
+
+ const auto &param_name = param_names_[i];
+
+ request.path_params.emplace(
+ param_name, request.path.substr(starting_pos, sep_pos - starting_pos));
+
+ // Mark everything up to '/' as matched
+ starting_pos = sep_pos + 1;
+ }
+ // Returns false if the path is longer than the pattern
+ return starting_pos >= request.path.length();
+}
+
+inline bool RegexMatcher::match(Request &request) const {
+ request.path_params.clear();
+ // See CPPHTTPLIB_REGEX_ROUTE_PATH_MAX_LENGTH: an overlong path is treated as
+ // a non-match rather than risking a stack overflow in std::regex_match.
+ if (request.path.length() > CPPHTTPLIB_REGEX_ROUTE_PATH_MAX_LENGTH) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return std::regex_match(request.path, request.matches, regex_);
+}
+
+// Enclose IPv6 address in brackets if needed
+inline std::string prepare_host_string(const std::string &host) {
+ // Enclose IPv6 address in brackets (but not if already enclosed)
+ if (host.find(':') == std::string::npos ||
+ (!host.empty() && host[0] == '[')) {
+ // IPv4, hostname, or already bracketed IPv6
+ return host;
+ } else {
+ // IPv6 address without brackets
+ return "[" + host + "]";
+ }
+}
+
+inline std::string make_host_and_port_string(const std::string &host, int port,
+ bool is_ssl) {
+ auto result = prepare_host_string(host);
+
+ // Append port if not default
+ if ((!is_ssl && port == 80) || (is_ssl && port == 443)) {
+ ; // do nothing
+ } else {
+ result += ":" + std::to_string(port);
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+// Create "host:port" string always including port number (for CONNECT method)
+inline std::string
+make_host_and_port_string_always_port(const std::string &host, int port) {
+ return prepare_host_string(host) + ":" + std::to_string(port);
+}
+
+// Value for the Host header a client sends when the caller supplied none.
+// Only the value: callers decide where in their header list it goes.
+inline std::string make_default_host_header_value(const std::string &host,
+ int port, bool is_ssl,
+ int address_family) {
+ if (address_family == AF_UNIX) { return "localhost"; }
+ return make_host_and_port_string(host, port, is_ssl);
+}
+
+inline void add_default_user_agent_header(Request &req) {
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_DEFAULT_USER_AGENT
+ if (!req.has_header("User-Agent")) {
+ req.set_header("User-Agent",
+ std::string("cpp-httplib/") + CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION);
+ }
+#else
+ (void)req;
+#endif
+}
+
+bool parse_no_proxy_entry(const std::string &token, NoProxyEntry &out);
+NormalizedTarget normalize_target(const std::string &host);
+bool ip_in_cidr(const IPBytes &ip, const IPBytes &net, int prefix_bits);
+bool host_matches_no_proxy(const NormalizedTarget &target,
+ const std::vector<NoProxyEntry> &entries);
+
+inline bool ip_in_cidr(const IPBytes &ip, const IPBytes &net, int prefix_bits) {
+ if (prefix_bits < 0 || prefix_bits > 128) { return false; }
+ if (prefix_bits == 0) { return true; }
+ int full_bytes = prefix_bits / 8;
+ int rem_bits = prefix_bits % 8;
+ if (full_bytes > 0 && std::memcmp(ip.data(), net.data(),
+ static_cast<size_t>(full_bytes)) != 0) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (rem_bits == 0) { return true; }
+ auto i = static_cast<size_t>(full_bytes);
+ auto mask = static_cast<uint8_t>(0xFFu << (8 - rem_bits));
+ return (ip[i] & mask) == (net[i] & mask);
+}
+
+inline bool parse_no_proxy_entry(const std::string &token, NoProxyEntry &out) {
+ if (token.empty()) { return false; }
+
+ if (token == "*") {
+ out.kind = NoProxyKind::Wildcard;
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ auto slash = token.find('/');
+ std::string addr_part =
+ (slash == std::string::npos) ? token : token.substr(0, slash);
+ std::string prefix_part =
+ (slash == std::string::npos) ? std::string() : token.substr(slash + 1);
+
+ // A bare slash or trailing-slash CIDR like "10.0.0.0/" is malformed;
+ // don't silently treat it as a /32 (or /128).
+ if (slash != std::string::npos && prefix_part.empty()) { return false; }
+
+ // Accept the bracketed IPv6 form ("[::1]", "[fe80::]/10") as well as the
+ // bare form. Brackets have no meaning for IPv4, so skip the IPv4 attempt
+ // when brackets are present.
+ bool bracketed = addr_part.size() >= 2 && addr_part.front() == '[' &&
+ addr_part.back() == ']';
+ if (bracketed) { addr_part = addr_part.substr(1, addr_part.size() - 2); }
+
+ if (!bracketed) {
+ struct in_addr v4;
+ if (inet_pton(AF_INET, addr_part.c_str(), &v4) == 1) {
+ int prefix = 32;
+ if (!prefix_part.empty()) {
+ auto r = from_chars(prefix_part.data(),
+ prefix_part.data() + prefix_part.size(), prefix);
+ if (r.ec != std::errc{} ||
+ r.ptr != prefix_part.data() + prefix_part.size()) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (prefix < 0 || prefix > 32) { return false; }
+ }
+ out.kind = NoProxyKind::IPv4Cidr;
+ std::memcpy(out.net.data(), &v4, sizeof(v4));
+ out.prefix_bits = prefix;
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ struct in6_addr v6;
+ if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr_part.c_str(), &v6) == 1) {
+ int prefix = 128;
+ if (!prefix_part.empty()) {
+ auto r = from_chars(prefix_part.data(),
+ prefix_part.data() + prefix_part.size(), prefix);
+ if (r.ec != std::errc{} ||
+ r.ptr != prefix_part.data() + prefix_part.size()) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (prefix < 0 || prefix > 128) { return false; }
+ }
+ out.kind = NoProxyKind::IPv6Cidr;
+ std::memcpy(out.net.data(), &v6, sizeof(v6));
+ out.prefix_bits = prefix;
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ // Bracketed entries can only be IPv6. If the IPv6 parse above failed,
+ // the entry is malformed — don't fall through to the hostname branch.
+ if (bracketed) { return false; }
+
+ // A '/' on a non-IP token means a CIDR prefix without an address. Reject.
+ if (slash != std::string::npos) { return false; }
+ // Port-specific entries (host:port) are not supported.
+ if (token.find(':') != std::string::npos) { return false; }
+
+ std::string hostname = case_ignore::to_lower(token);
+ while (!hostname.empty() && hostname.front() == '.') {
+ hostname.erase(hostname.begin());
+ }
+ while (!hostname.empty() && hostname.back() == '.') {
+ hostname.pop_back();
+ }
+ if (hostname.empty()) { return false; }
+
+ out.kind = NoProxyKind::HostnameSuffix;
+ out.hostname_pattern = std::move(hostname);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline NormalizedTarget normalize_target(const std::string &host) {
+ NormalizedTarget t;
+ std::string h = host;
+
+ if (h.size() >= 2 && h.front() == '[' && h.back() == ']') {
+ h = h.substr(1, h.size() - 2);
+ }
+
+ // Strip a single trailing dot so "example.com." canonicalizes to
+ // "example.com".
+ if (!h.empty() && h.back() == '.') { h.pop_back(); }
+
+ t.hostname = case_ignore::to_lower(h);
+
+ if (!t.hostname.empty()) {
+ struct in_addr v4;
+ struct in6_addr v6;
+ if (inet_pton(AF_INET, t.hostname.c_str(), &v4) == 1) {
+ t.is_ipv4 = true;
+ std::memcpy(t.ip.data(), &v4, sizeof(v4));
+ } else if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, t.hostname.c_str(), &v6) == 1) {
+ t.is_ipv6 = true;
+ std::memcpy(t.ip.data(), &v6, sizeof(v6));
+ }
+ }
+ return t;
+}
+
+inline bool host_matches_no_proxy(const NormalizedTarget &target,
+ const std::vector<NoProxyEntry> &entries) {
+ if (target.hostname.empty()) { return false; }
+ for (const auto &e : entries) {
+ switch (e.kind) {
+ case NoProxyKind::Wildcard: return true;
+ case NoProxyKind::IPv4Cidr:
+ if (target.is_ipv4 && ip_in_cidr(target.ip, e.net, e.prefix_bits)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ break;
+ case NoProxyKind::IPv6Cidr:
+ if (target.is_ipv6 && ip_in_cidr(target.ip, e.net, e.prefix_bits)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ break;
+ case NoProxyKind::HostnameSuffix:
+ if (target.is_ipv4 || target.is_ipv6) { break; }
+ if (target.hostname == e.hostname_pattern) { return true; }
+ // Dot-boundary suffix match: prevents "evilexample.com" from matching
+ // an entry of "example.com".
+ if (target.hostname.size() > e.hostname_pattern.size() + 1) {
+ auto offset = target.hostname.size() - e.hostname_pattern.size();
+ if (target.hostname[offset - 1] == '.' &&
+ target.hostname.compare(offset, e.hostname_pattern.size(),
+ e.hostname_pattern) == 0) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool check_and_write_headers(Stream &strm, Headers &headers,
+ T header_writer, Error &error) {
+ for (const auto &h : headers) {
+ if (!detail::fields::is_field_valid(h.first, h.second)) {
+ error = Error::InvalidHeaders;
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ if (header_writer(strm, headers) <= 0) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+/*
+ * Group 2 (continued): detail namespace - SSLSocketStream implementation
+ */
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+namespace detail {
+
+// SSL socket stream implementation
+inline SSLSocketStream::SSLSocketStream(
+ socket_t sock, tls::session_t session, time_t read_timeout_sec,
+ time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
+ time_t write_timeout_usec, time_t max_timeout_msec,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time)
+ : sock_(sock), session_(session), read_timeout_sec_(read_timeout_sec),
+ read_timeout_usec_(read_timeout_usec),
+ write_timeout_sec_(write_timeout_sec),
+ write_timeout_usec_(write_timeout_usec),
+ max_timeout_msec_(max_timeout_msec), start_time_(start_time) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+ // Clear AUTO_RETRY for proper non-blocking I/O timeout handling
+ // Note: create_session() also clears this, but SSLClient currently
+ // uses ssl_new() which does not. Until full TLS API migration is complete,
+ // we need to ensure AUTO_RETRY is cleared here regardless of how the
+ // SSL session was created.
+ SSL_clear_mode(static_cast<SSL *>(session), SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);
+#endif
+}
+
+inline SSLSocketStream::~SSLSocketStream() = default;
+
+inline bool SSLSocketStream::is_readable() const {
+ return tls::pending(session_) > 0;
+}
+
+inline bool SSLSocketStream::wait_readable() const {
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ <= 0) {
+ return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_) > 0;
+ }
+
+ time_t read_timeout_sec;
+ time_t read_timeout_usec;
+ calc_actual_timeout(max_timeout_msec_, duration(), read_timeout_sec_,
+ read_timeout_usec_, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec);
+
+ return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec) > 0;
+}
+
+inline bool SSLSocketStream::wait_writable() const {
+ return select_write(sock_, write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_) > 0 &&
+ !tls::is_peer_closed(session_, sock_);
+}
+
+inline bool SSLSocketStream::ensure_readable() {
+ if (readable_hint_) {
+ readable_hint_ = false;
+ return true;
+ }
+ return wait_readable();
+}
+
+inline bool SSLSocketStream::is_peer_alive() const {
+ return !tls::is_peer_closed(session_, sock_);
+}
+
+inline ssize_t SSLSocketStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
+ if (tls::pending(session_) > 0) {
+ tls::TlsError err;
+ auto ret = tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
+ if (ret == 0 || err.code == tls::ErrorCode::PeerClosed) {
+ error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
+ }
+ return ret;
+ } else if (ensure_readable()) {
+ tls::TlsError err;
+ auto ret = tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ auto n = 1000;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ while (--n >= 0 && (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantRead ||
+ (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::SyscallError &&
+ WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT))) {
+#else
+ while (--n >= 0 && err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantRead) {
+#endif
+ if (tls::pending(session_) > 0) {
+ return tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
+ } else if (wait_readable()) {
+ std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds{10});
+ ret = tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
+ if (ret >= 0) { return ret; }
+ } else {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ assert(ret < 0);
+ } else if (ret == 0 || err.code == tls::ErrorCode::PeerClosed) {
+ error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
+ }
+ return ret;
+ } else {
+ error_ = Error::Timeout;
+ return -1;
+ }
+}
+
+inline ssize_t SSLSocketStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
+ if (wait_writable()) {
+ auto handle_size =
+ std::min<size_t>(size, (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)());
+
+ tls::TlsError err;
+ auto ret = tls::write(session_, ptr, handle_size, err);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ auto n = 1000;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ while (--n >= 0 && (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantWrite ||
+ (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::SyscallError &&
+ WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT))) {
+#else
+ while (--n >= 0 && err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantWrite) {
+#endif
+ if (wait_writable()) {
+ std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds{10});
+ ret = tls::write(session_, ptr, handle_size, err);
+ if (ret >= 0) { return ret; }
+ } else {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ assert(ret < 0);
+ }
+ return ret;
+ }
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline void SSLSocketStream::get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
+ int &port) const {
+ detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
+}
+
+inline void SSLSocketStream::get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
+ int &port) const {
+ detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
+}
+
+inline socket_t SSLSocketStream::socket() const { return sock_; }
+
+inline time_t SSLSocketStream::duration() const {
+ return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+ std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time_)
+ .count();
+}
+
+inline void SSLSocketStream::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+}
+
+inline WebSocketSSLStream::WebSocketSSLStream(socket_t sock,
+ tls::session_t session,
+ time_t read_timeout_sec,
+ time_t read_timeout_usec,
+ time_t write_timeout_sec,
+ time_t write_timeout_usec)
+ : sock_(sock), session_(session), read_timeout_sec_(read_timeout_sec),
+ read_timeout_usec_(read_timeout_usec),
+ write_timeout_sec_(write_timeout_sec),
+ write_timeout_usec_(write_timeout_usec),
+ start_time_(std::chrono::steady_clock::now()) {
+ // The receive and send paths run on different threads, so each TLS call is
+ // driven in non-blocking mode and readiness is awaited with select()
+ // outside the session lock. Set the socket non-blocking once here; it is
+ // never flipped back, so no thread races on the flag.
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock_, true);
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+ SSL_clear_mode(static_cast<SSL *>(session_), SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);
+#endif
+}
+
+inline WebSocketSSLStream::~WebSocketSSLStream() = default;
+
+inline bool WebSocketSSLStream::is_readable() const {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(session_mutex_);
+ return tls::pending(session_) > 0;
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocketSSLStream::wait_readable() const {
+ return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_) > 0;
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocketSSLStream::wait_writable() const {
+ // Unlike SSLSocketStream, this deliberately does not call is_peer_closed():
+ // that probe toggles the socket's blocking flag, which would race with the
+ // concurrent reader on a permanently non-blocking socket.
+ return select_write(sock_, write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_) > 0;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t WebSocketSSLStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
+ tls::TlsError err;
+ auto n = 1000;
+ while (--n >= 0) {
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(session_mutex_);
+ auto ret = tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
+ if (ret > 0) { return ret; }
+ if (ret == 0 || err.code == tls::ErrorCode::PeerClosed) {
+ error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
+ return ret;
+ }
+ }
+ // ret < 0. On a non-blocking socket a TLS read can stop needing either
+ // direction: the send path shares this session, so output it left pending
+ // has to be flushed before more input can be decrypted. Anything else is
+ // a hard error.
+ auto needs_readable = err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantRead;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ // On Windows a socket timeout surfaces as a syscall error, not WantRead.
+ needs_readable =
+ needs_readable || (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::SyscallError &&
+ WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT);
+#endif
+ if (!needs_readable && err.code != tls::ErrorCode::WantWrite) {
+ error_ = Error::Read;
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (!(needs_readable ? wait_readable() : wait_writable())) {
+ error_ = Error::Timeout;
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+ // Out of retries. Recording a reason matters: a caller that reads get_error()
+ // to tell a timeout from a close would otherwise see whatever the previous
+ // failure left behind (error_ is never cleared on success).
+ error_ = Error::Read;
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t WebSocketSSLStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
+ auto handle_size = std::min<size_t>(size, (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)());
+ tls::TlsError err;
+ auto n = 1000;
+ while (--n >= 0) {
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(session_mutex_);
+ auto ret = tls::write(session_, ptr, handle_size, err);
+ if (ret >= 0) { return ret; }
+ }
+ // ret < 0. As in read(), either direction can be needed: a renegotiation
+ // or a post-handshake message must be consumed before the record goes
+ // out. Anything else is a hard error.
+ auto needs_writable = err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantWrite;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ // On Windows a socket timeout surfaces as a syscall error, not WantWrite.
+ needs_writable =
+ needs_writable || (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::SyscallError &&
+ WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT);
+#endif
+ if (!needs_writable && err.code != tls::ErrorCode::WantRead) { return -1; }
+ if (!(needs_writable ? wait_writable() : wait_readable())) { return -1; }
+ }
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketSSLStream::get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
+ int &port) const {
+ detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketSSLStream::get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
+ int &port) const {
+ detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
+}
+
+inline socket_t WebSocketSSLStream::socket() const { return sock_; }
+
+inline time_t WebSocketSSLStream::duration() const {
+ return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+ std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time_)
+ .count();
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketSSLStream::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+/*
+ * Group 4: Server implementation
+ */
+
+// HTTP server implementation
+inline Server::Server()
+ : new_task_queue([] {
+ return new ThreadPool(CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT,
+ CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_MAX_COUNT);
+ }) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+#endif
+}
+
+inline Server::~Server() = default;
+
+inline std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>
+Server::make_matcher(const std::string &pattern) {
+ // Path params take precedence, so "/users/:id/(.*)" keeps being matched as
+ // a path params pattern
+ if (pattern.find("/:") != std::string::npos) {
+ return detail::make_unique<detail::PathParamsMatcher>(pattern);
+ }
+
+ // A pattern with no regex metacharacter only has to be compared literally,
+ // which is what PathParamsMatcher already does when it captures no
+ // parameter, so std::regex is only worth building for the patterns that
+ // actually need it
+ if (pattern.find_first_of(".^$|()[]{}*+?\\") == std::string::npos) {
+ return detail::make_unique<detail::PathParamsMatcher>(pattern);
+ }
+
+ return detail::make_unique<detail::RegexMatcher>(pattern);
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Get(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
+ return add_handler(get_handlers_, pattern, std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Post(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
+ return add_handler(post_handlers_, pattern, std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Post(const std::string &pattern,
+ HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
+ return add_handler(post_handlers_for_content_reader_, pattern,
+ std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Put(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
+ return add_handler(put_handlers_, pattern, std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Put(const std::string &pattern,
+ HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
+ return add_handler(put_handlers_for_content_reader_, pattern,
+ std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Patch(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
+ return add_handler(patch_handlers_, pattern, std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Patch(const std::string &pattern,
+ HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
+ return add_handler(patch_handlers_for_content_reader_, pattern,
+ std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Delete(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
+ return add_handler(delete_handlers_, pattern, std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Delete(const std::string &pattern,
+ HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
+ return add_handler(delete_handlers_for_content_reader_, pattern,
+ std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Options(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
+ return add_handler(options_handlers_, pattern, std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline const std::set<std::string> &Server::builtin_methods() {
+ thread_local const std::set<std::string> methods{
+ "GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE",
+ "CONNECT", "OPTIONS", "TRACE", "PATCH", "PRI"};
+ return methods;
+}
+
+inline Server::CustomHandlerEntry *
+Server::custom_entry_for_registration(const std::string &method) {
+ // Built-in methods are refused for two different reasons. GET, HEAD, POST,
+ // PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS and PATCH are dispatched by the if/else chain in
+ // routing() before the custom tables are consulted, so a route registered
+ // for one of them could never fire. CONNECT, TRACE and PRI have no branch
+ // there and would be reachable, but they carry protocol-level meaning
+ // (tunnel setup, request echo, the HTTP/2 connection preface) that this
+ // library does not route.
+ if (!detail::fields::is_token(method) || builtin_methods().count(method)) {
+ output_error_log(Error::InvalidHTTPMethod, nullptr);
+ has_invalid_registration_ = true;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+ return &custom_handlers_[method];
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::CustomRoute(const std::string &method,
+ const std::string &pattern,
+ Handler handler) {
+ auto *entry = custom_entry_for_registration(method);
+ if (!entry) { return *this; }
+ return add_handler(entry->handlers, pattern, std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::CustomRoute(const std::string &method,
+ const std::string &pattern,
+ HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
+ auto *entry = custom_entry_for_registration(method);
+ if (!entry) { return *this; }
+ return add_handler(entry->handlers_for_content_reader, pattern,
+ std::move(handler));
+}
+
+inline const Server::CustomHandlerEntry *
+Server::find_custom_entry(const std::string &method) const {
+ // find() alone would be correct here. The empty() check is what keeps the
+ // per-request cost off servers that never call CustomRoute(), which is the
+ // overwhelmingly common case; keep it rather than walking into the tree.
+ if (custom_handlers_.empty()) { return nullptr; }
+ auto it = custom_handlers_.find(method);
+ return it == custom_handlers_.end() ? nullptr : &it->second;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::WebSocket(const std::string &pattern,
+ WebSocketHandler handler) {
+ websocket_handlers_.push_back(
+ {make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler), nullptr});
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::WebSocket(const std::string &pattern,
+ WebSocketHandler handler,
+ SubProtocolSelector sub_protocol_selector) {
+ websocket_handlers_.push_back({make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler),
+ std::move(sub_protocol_selector)});
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::set_base_dir(const std::string &dir,
+ const std::string &mount_point) {
+ return set_mount_point(mount_point, dir);
+}
+
+inline bool Server::set_mount_point(const std::string &mount_point,
+ const std::string &dir, Headers headers) {
+ detail::FileStat stat(dir);
+ if (stat.is_dir()) {
+ std::string mnt = !mount_point.empty() ? mount_point : "/";
+ if (!mnt.empty() && mnt[0] == '/') {
+ std::string resolved_base;
+ if (detail::canonicalize_path(dir.c_str(), resolved_base)) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ if (resolved_base.back() != '\\' && resolved_base.back() != '/') {
+ resolved_base += '\\';
+ }
+#else
+ if (resolved_base.back() != '/') { resolved_base += '/'; }
+#endif
+ }
+ base_dirs_.push_back(
+ {std::move(mnt), dir, std::move(resolved_base), std::move(headers)});
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::remove_mount_point(const std::string &mount_point) {
+ for (auto it = base_dirs_.begin(); it != base_dirs_.end(); ++it) {
+ if (it->mount_point == mount_point) {
+ base_dirs_.erase(it);
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline Server &
+Server::set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping(const std::string &ext,
+ const std::string &mime) {
+ file_extension_and_mimetype_map_[ext] = mime;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_default_file_mimetype(const std::string &mime) {
+ default_file_mimetype_ = mime;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_file_request_handler(Handler handler) {
+ file_request_handler_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_error_handler_core(HandlerWithResponse handler,
+ std::true_type) {
+ error_handler_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_error_handler_core(Handler handler,
+ std::false_type) {
+ error_handler_ = [handler](const Request &req, Response &res) {
+ handler(req, res);
+ return HandlerResponse::Handled;
+ };
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_exception_handler(ExceptionHandler handler) {
+ exception_handler_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_pre_routing_handler(HandlerWithResponse handler) {
+ pre_routing_handler_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_post_routing_handler(Handler handler) {
+ post_routing_handler_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_pre_request_handler(HandlerWithResponse handler) {
+ pre_request_handler_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_logger(Logger logger) {
+ logger_ = std::move(logger);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger) {
+ error_logger_ = std::move(error_logger);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_pre_compression_logger(Logger logger) {
+ pre_compression_logger_ = std::move(logger);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &
+Server::set_expect_100_continue_handler(Expect100ContinueHandler handler) {
+ expect_100_continue_handler_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_start_handler(StartHandler handler) {
+ start_handler_ = std::move(handler);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_address_family(int family) {
+ address_family_ = family;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_tcp_nodelay(bool on) {
+ tcp_nodelay_ = on;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_ipv6_v6only(bool on) {
+ ipv6_v6only_ = on;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options) {
+ socket_options_ = std::move(socket_options);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_default_headers(Headers headers) {
+ default_headers_ = std::move(headers);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_header_writer(
+ std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer) {
+ header_writer_ = writer;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &
+Server::set_trusted_proxies(const std::vector<std::string> &proxies) {
+ trusted_proxies_ = proxies;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_keep_alive_max_count(size_t count) {
+ keep_alive_max_count_ = count;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_keep_alive_timeout(time_t sec) {
+ keep_alive_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline Server &Server::set_keep_alive_timeout(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t /*usec*/) {
+ set_keep_alive_timeout(sec);
+ });
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ write_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ write_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_idle_interval(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ idle_interval_sec_ = sec;
+ idle_interval_usec_ = usec;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_payload_max_length(size_t length) {
+ payload_max_length_ = length;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_static_file_compression(bool on) {
+ static_file_compression_ = on;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_static_file_compression_min_length(size_t length) {
+ static_file_compression_min_length_ = length;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_static_file_compression_max_length(size_t length) {
+ static_file_compression_max_length_ = length;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_websocket_max_missed_pongs(int count) {
+ websocket_max_missed_pongs_ = count;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::set_websocket_ping_interval(time_t sec) {
+ websocket_ping_interval_sec_ = sec;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <class Rep, class Period>
+inline Server &Server::set_websocket_ping_interval(
+ const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
+ detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t /*usec*/) {
+ set_websocket_ping_interval(sec);
+ });
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::bind_to_port(const std::string &host, int port,
+ int socket_flags) {
+ auto ret = bind_internal(host, port, socket_flags);
+ if (ret == -1) { is_decommissioned = true; }
+ return ret >= 0;
+}
+inline int Server::bind_to_any_port(const std::string &host, int socket_flags) {
+ auto ret = bind_internal(host, 0, socket_flags);
+ if (ret == -1) { is_decommissioned = true; }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::listen_after_bind() { return listen_internal(); }
+
+inline bool Server::listen(const std::string &host, int port,
+ int socket_flags) {
+ return bind_to_port(host, port, socket_flags) && listen_internal();
+}
+
+inline bool Server::is_running() const { return is_running_; }
+
+inline void Server::wait_until_ready() const {
+ while (!is_running_ && !is_decommissioned) {
+ std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds{1});
+ }
+}
+
+inline void Server::stop() noexcept {
+ // Release the listening socket whether or not the accept loop is running:
+ // bind_to_port() without listen_after_bind() still owns the descriptor. The
+ // exchange is what makes this safe to call concurrently with the accept loop.
+ socket_t sock = svr_sock_.exchange(INVALID_SOCKET);
+ if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
+ detail::close_socket(sock);
+ }
+ is_decommissioned = false;
+}
+
+inline void Server::decommission() { is_decommissioned = true; }
+
+inline bool Server::parse_request_line(const char *s, Request &req) const {
+ auto len = strlen(s);
+ if (len < 2 || s[len - 2] != '\r' || s[len - 1] != '\n') { return false; }
+ len -= 2;
+
+ {
+ size_t count = 0;
+
+ detail::split(s, s + len, ' ', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ switch (count) {
+ case 0: req.method = std::string(b, e); break;
+ case 1: req.target = std::string(b, e); break;
+ case 2: req.version = std::string(b, e); break;
+ default: break;
+ }
+ count++;
+ });
+
+ if (count != 3) { return false; }
+ }
+
+ // A method outside the built-in set is accepted only when a handler has been
+ // registered for it with CustomRoute().
+ const auto &methods = builtin_methods();
+
+ if (methods.find(req.method) == methods.end() &&
+ !find_custom_entry(req.method)) {
+ output_error_log(Error::InvalidHTTPMethod, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (req.version != "HTTP/1.1" && req.version != "HTTP/1.0") {
+ output_error_log(Error::InvalidHTTPVersion, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ {
+ // Skip URL fragment
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < req.target.size(); i++) {
+ if (req.target[i] == '#') {
+ req.target.erase(i);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ detail::divide(req.target, '?',
+ [&](const char *lhs_data, std::size_t lhs_size,
+ const char *rhs_data, std::size_t rhs_size) {
+ req.path =
+ decode_path_component(std::string(lhs_data, lhs_size));
+ detail::parse_query_text(rhs_data, rhs_size, req.params);
+ });
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::write_response(Stream &strm, bool close_connection,
+ Request &req, Response &res) {
+ // NOTE: `req.ranges` should be empty, otherwise it will be applied
+ // incorrectly to the error content.
+ req.ranges.clear();
+ return write_response_core(strm, close_connection, req, res, false);
+}
+
+inline bool Server::write_response_with_content(Stream &strm,
+ bool close_connection,
+ const Request &req,
+ Response &res) {
+ return write_response_core(strm, close_connection, req, res, true);
+}
+
+inline bool Server::write_response_core(Stream &strm, bool close_connection,
+ const Request &req, Response &res,
+ bool need_apply_ranges) {
+ assert(res.status != -1);
+
+ if (400 <= res.status && error_handler_ &&
+ error_handler_(req, res) == HandlerResponse::Handled) {
+ need_apply_ranges = true;
+ }
+
+ std::string content_type;
+ std::string boundary;
+ if (need_apply_ranges) { apply_ranges(req, res, content_type, boundary); }
+
+ // Prepare additional headers
+ if (close_connection ||
+ detail::has_header_token(req.headers, "Connection", "close") ||
+ 400 <= res.status) { // Don't leave connections open after errors
+ res.set_header("Connection", "close");
+ } else {
+ std::string s = "timeout=";
+ s += std::to_string(keep_alive_timeout_sec_);
+ s += ", max=";
+ s += std::to_string(keep_alive_max_count_);
+ res.set_header("Keep-Alive", s);
+ }
+
+ if ((!res.body.empty() || res.content_length_ > 0 || res.content_provider_) &&
+ !res.has_header("Content-Type")) {
+ res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");
+ }
+
+ if (res.body.empty() && !res.content_length_ && !res.content_provider_ &&
+ !res.has_header("Content-Length")) {
+ res.set_header("Content-Length", "0");
+ }
+
+ if (req.method == "HEAD" && !res.has_header("Accept-Ranges")) {
+ res.set_header("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
+ }
+
+ if (post_routing_handler_) { post_routing_handler_(req, res); }
+
+ // Response line and headers
+ detail::BufferStream bstrm;
+ if (!detail::write_response_line(bstrm, res.status)) { return false; }
+ if (header_writer_(bstrm, res.headers) <= 0) { return false; }
+
+ // Combine small body with headers to reduce write syscalls
+ if (req.method != "HEAD" && !res.body.empty() && !res.content_provider_) {
+ bstrm.write(res.body.data(), res.body.size());
+ }
+
+ // Log before writing to avoid race condition with client-side code that
+ // accesses logger-captured data immediately after receiving the response.
+ output_log(req, res);
+
+ // Flush buffer
+ auto &data = bstrm.get_buffer();
+ if (!detail::write_data(strm, data.data(), data.size())) { return false; }
+
+ // Streaming body
+ auto ret = true;
+ if (req.method != "HEAD" && res.content_provider_) {
+ if (write_content_with_provider(strm, req, res, boundary, content_type)) {
+ res.content_provider_success_ = true;
+ } else {
+ ret = false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool
+Server::write_content_with_provider(Stream &strm, const Request &req,
+ Response &res, const std::string &boundary,
+ const std::string &content_type) {
+ auto is_shutting_down = [this]() {
+ return this->svr_sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET;
+ };
+
+ if (res.content_length_ > 0) {
+ // Only a 206 response is served as a partial representation, matching the
+ // condition `apply_ranges()` used to decide the Content-Length and the
+ // multipart boundary. Since `detail::range_error()` validates `req.ranges`
+ // only for a 2xx status, slicing under any other status would write a body
+ // that disagrees with the header already sent, from an unchecked offset.
+ auto is_partial =
+ !req.ranges.empty() && res.status == StatusCode::PartialContent_206;
+
+ if (!is_partial) {
+ return detail::write_content(strm, res.content_provider_, 0,
+ res.content_length_, is_shutting_down);
+ } else if (req.ranges.size() == 1) {
+ auto offset_and_length = detail::get_range_offset_and_length(
+ req.ranges[0], res.content_length_);
+
+ return detail::write_content(strm, res.content_provider_,
+ offset_and_length.first,
+ offset_and_length.second, is_shutting_down);
+ } else {
+ return detail::write_multipart_ranges_data(
+ strm, req, res, boundary, content_type, res.content_length_,
+ is_shutting_down);
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (res.is_chunked_content_provider_) {
+ // Use the coding `apply_ranges()` chose when it wrote the headers;
+ // re-negotiating here would disagree with them, e.g. once a handler's
+ // own Content-Encoding header suppresses the negotiation.
+ auto compressor = detail::make_compressor(res.content_coding_);
+ if (!compressor) {
+ compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::nocompressor>();
+ }
+
+ return detail::write_content_chunked(strm, res.content_provider_,
+ is_shutting_down, *compressor);
+ } else {
+ return detail::write_content_without_length(strm, res.content_provider_,
+ is_shutting_down);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool Server::read_content(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res) {
+ FormFields::iterator cur_field;
+ FormFiles::iterator cur_file;
+ auto is_text_field = false;
+ size_t count = 0;
+ if (read_content_core(
+ strm, req, res,
+ // Regular
+ [&](const char *buf, size_t n) {
+ // Prevent arithmetic overflow when checking sizes.
+ // Avoid computing (req.body.size() + n) directly because
+ // adding two unsigned `size_t` values can wrap around and
+ // produce a small result instead of indicating overflow.
+ // Instead, check using subtraction: ensure `n` does not
+ // exceed the remaining capacity `max_size() - size()`.
+ if (req.body.size() >= req.body.max_size() ||
+ n > req.body.max_size() - req.body.size()) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Limit decompressed body size to payload_max_length_ to protect
+ // against "zip bomb" attacks where a small compressed payload
+ // decompresses to a massive size.
+ if (payload_max_length_ > 0 &&
+ (req.body.size() >= payload_max_length_ ||
+ n > payload_max_length_ - req.body.size())) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ req.body.append(buf, n);
+ return true;
+ },
+ // Multipart FormData
+ [&](const FormData &file) {
+ if (count++ == CPPHTTPLIB_MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_FILE_MAX_COUNT) {
+ output_error_log(Error::TooManyFormDataFiles, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (file.filename.empty()) {
+ cur_field = req.form.fields.emplace(
+ file.name, FormField{file.name, file.content, file.headers});
+ is_text_field = true;
+ } else {
+ cur_file = req.form.files.emplace(file.name, file);
+ is_text_field = false;
+ }
+ return true;
+ },
+ [&](const char *buf, size_t n) {
+ if (is_text_field) {
+ auto &content = cur_field->second.content;
+ if (content.size() + n > content.max_size()) { return false; }
+ content.append(buf, n);
+ } else {
+ auto &content = cur_file->second.content;
+ if (content.size() + n > content.max_size()) { return false; }
+ content.append(buf, n);
+ }
+ return true;
+ })) {
+ const auto &content_type = req.get_header_value("Content-Type");
+ if (detail::extract_media_type(content_type) ==
+ "application/x-www-form-urlencoded") {
+ if (req.body.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_FORM_URL_ENCODED_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413; // NOTE: should be 414?
+ output_error_log(Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ detail::parse_query_text(req.body, req.params);
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::read_content_with_content_receiver(
+ Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res, ContentReceiver receiver,
+ FormDataHeader multipart_header, ContentReceiver multipart_receiver) {
+ return read_content_core(strm, req, res, std::move(receiver),
+ std::move(multipart_header),
+ std::move(multipart_receiver));
+}
+
+inline bool Server::read_content_core(
+ Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res, ContentReceiver receiver,
+ FormDataHeader multipart_header, ContentReceiver multipart_receiver) const {
+ detail::FormDataParser multipart_form_data_parser;
+ ContentReceiverWithProgress out;
+
+ if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
+ const auto &content_type = req.get_header_value("Content-Type");
+ std::string boundary;
+ if (!detail::parse_multipart_boundary(content_type, boundary)) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
+ output_error_log(Error::MultipartParsing, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ multipart_form_data_parser.set_boundary(std::move(boundary));
+ out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t /*off*/, size_t /*len*/) {
+ return multipart_form_data_parser.parse(buf, n, multipart_header,
+ multipart_receiver);
+ };
+ } else {
+ out = [receiver](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t /*off*/,
+ size_t /*len*/) { return receiver(buf, n); };
+ }
+
+ // RFC 9112 §6: no Transfer-Encoding and no Content-Length means no body.
+ // For non-SSL builds we still scan non-persistent connections for stray
+ // body bytes so the payload limit is enforced (413). On keep-alive,
+ // pending bytes may be the next request (issue #2450), so skip.
+#if !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED)
+ if (!req.has_header("Content-Length") &&
+ !detail::is_chunked_transfer_encoding(req.headers)) {
+ if (!detail::is_connection_persistent(req) && payload_max_length_ > 0 &&
+ payload_max_length_ < (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()) {
+ auto has_data = strm.is_readable();
+ if (!has_data) {
+ auto s = strm.socket();
+ if (s != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ has_data = detail::select_read(s, 0, 0) > 0;
+ }
+ }
+ if (has_data) {
+ // Route through the same decompressing reader used by the
+ // length-framed and chunked paths below, so payload_max_length_ is
+ // enforced on the decompressed size here too instead of only on the
+ // compressed wire bytes.
+ return detail::read_content(strm, req, payload_max_length_, res.status,
+ nullptr, out, true);
+ }
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+#else
+ if (!req.has_header("Content-Length") &&
+ !detail::is_chunked_transfer_encoding(req.headers)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (!detail::read_content(strm, req, payload_max_length_, res.status, nullptr,
+ out, true)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ req.body_consumed_ = true;
+
+ if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
+ if (!multipart_form_data_parser.is_valid()) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
+ output_error_log(Error::MultipartParsing, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::handle_file_request(Request &req, Response &res) {
+ for (const auto &entry : base_dirs_) {
+ // Prefix match, on a path segment boundary. A mount point of "/mount"
+ // covers "/mount" and "/mount/...", but must not swallow "/mountdir/...".
+ // One that already ends in '/' (the root mount among them) carries its own
+ // boundary; set_mount_point() guarantees the mount point is not empty.
+ if (!req.path.compare(0, entry.mount_point.size(), entry.mount_point) &&
+ (entry.mount_point.back() == '/' ||
+ req.path.size() == entry.mount_point.size() ||
+ req.path[entry.mount_point.size()] == '/')) {
+ std::string sub_path = "/" + req.path.substr(entry.mount_point.size());
+ if (detail::is_valid_path(sub_path)) {
+ auto path = entry.base_dir + sub_path;
+ if (path.back() == '/') { path += "index.html"; }
+
+ // Defense-in-depth: is_valid_path blocks ".." traversal in the URL,
+ // but symlinks/junctions can still escape the base directory.
+ if (!entry.resolved_base_dir.empty()) {
+ std::string resolved_path;
+ if (detail::canonicalize_path(path.c_str(), resolved_path) &&
+ !detail::is_path_within_base(resolved_path,
+ entry.resolved_base_dir)) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::Forbidden_403;
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ detail::FileStat stat(path);
+
+ if (stat.is_dir()) {
+ res.set_redirect(sub_path + "/", StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ if (stat.is_file()) {
+ for (const auto &kv : entry.headers) {
+ res.set_header(kv.first, kv.second);
+ }
+
+ auto content_type_of = [&]() {
+ return detail::find_content_type(
+ path, file_extension_and_mimetype_map_, default_file_mimetype_);
+ };
+
+ // Only the ETag needs the content type this early, and only to name
+ // the coding. Deciding it here would otherwise put a regex in front
+ // of the 304 below, which serving a file never used to pay for.
+ std::string content_type;
+ auto encoding = detail::EncodingType::None;
+ if (static_file_compression_) {
+ content_type = content_type_of();
+ encoding =
+ static_file_encoding(req, res, content_type, stat.size());
+ }
+
+ // The ETag names the representation actually sent, so a client that
+ // cached the compressed form revalidates against the compressed ETag
+ // and still gets a 304, while one that took identity keeps the plain
+ // ETag.
+ auto etag = detail::compute_etag(
+ stat, encoding == detail::EncodingType::None
+ ? std::string()
+ : std::string("-") + detail::encoding_name(encoding));
+ if (!etag.empty()) { res.set_header("ETag", etag); }
+
+ auto mtime = stat.mtime();
+
+ auto last_modified = detail::file_mtime_to_http_date(mtime);
+ if (!last_modified.empty()) {
+ res.set_header("Last-Modified", last_modified);
+ }
+
+ if (check_if_not_modified(req, res, etag, mtime)) { return true; }
+
+ check_if_range(req, etag, mtime);
+
+ auto mm = std::make_shared<detail::mmap>(path.c_str());
+ if (!mm->is_open()) {
+ output_error_log(Error::OpenFile, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (!static_file_compression_) { content_type = content_type_of(); }
+
+ detail::set_file_content_provider(res, mm, content_type, encoding);
+
+ if (req.method != "HEAD" && file_request_handler_) {
+ file_request_handler_(req, res);
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ } else {
+ output_error_log(Error::OpenFile, &req);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::check_if_not_modified(const Request &req, Response &res,
+ const std::string &etag,
+ time_t mtime) const {
+ // Handle conditional GET:
+ // 1. If-None-Match takes precedence (RFC 9110 Section 13.1.2)
+ // 2. If-Modified-Since is checked only when If-None-Match is absent
+ if (req.has_header("If-None-Match")) {
+ if (!etag.empty()) {
+ auto val =
+ detail::get_combined_header_value(req.headers, "If-None-Match");
+
+ // NOTE: We use exact string matching here. This works correctly
+ // because our server always generates weak ETags (W/"..."), and
+ // clients typically send back the same ETag they received.
+ // RFC 9110 Section 8.8.3.2 allows weak comparison for
+ // If-None-Match, where W/"x" and "x" would match, but this
+ // simplified implementation requires exact matches.
+ auto ret = detail::split_find(val.data(), val.data() + val.size(), ',',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ auto seg_len = static_cast<size_t>(e - b);
+ return (seg_len == 1 && *b == '*') ||
+ (seg_len == etag.size() &&
+ std::equal(b, e, etag.begin()));
+ });
+
+ if (ret) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::NotModified_304;
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ } else if (req.has_header("If-Modified-Since")) {
+ auto val = req.get_header_value("If-Modified-Since");
+ auto t = detail::parse_http_date(val);
+
+ if (t != static_cast<time_t>(-1) && mtime <= t) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::NotModified_304;
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::check_if_range(Request &req, const std::string &etag,
+ time_t mtime) const {
+ // Handle If-Range for partial content requests (RFC 9110
+ // Section 13.1.5). If-Range is only evaluated when Range header is
+ // present. If the validator matches, serve partial content; otherwise
+ // serve full content.
+ if (!req.ranges.empty() && req.has_header("If-Range")) {
+ auto val = req.get_header_value("If-Range");
+
+ auto is_valid_range = [&]() {
+ if (detail::is_strong_etag(val)) {
+ // RFC 9110 Section 13.1.5: If-Range requires strong ETag
+ // comparison.
+ return (!etag.empty() && val == etag);
+ } else if (detail::is_weak_etag(val)) {
+ // Weak ETags are not valid for If-Range (RFC 9110 Section 13.1.5)
+ return false;
+ } else {
+ // HTTP-date comparison
+ auto t = detail::parse_http_date(val);
+ return (t != static_cast<time_t>(-1) && mtime <= t);
+ }
+ };
+
+ if (!is_valid_range()) {
+ // Validator doesn't match: ignore Range and serve full content
+ req.ranges.clear();
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline socket_t
+Server::create_server_socket(const std::string &host, int port,
+ int socket_flags,
+ SocketOptions socket_options) const {
+ return detail::create_socket(
+ host, std::string(), port, address_family_, socket_flags, tcp_nodelay_,
+ ipv6_v6only_, std::move(socket_options),
+ [&](socket_t sock, struct addrinfo &ai, bool & /*quit*/) -> bool {
+ if (::bind(sock, ai.ai_addr, static_cast<socklen_t>(ai.ai_addrlen))) {
+ output_error_log(Error::BindIPAddress, nullptr);
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (::listen(sock, CPPHTTPLIB_LISTEN_BACKLOG)) {
+ output_error_log(Error::Listen, nullptr);
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+ });
+}
+
+inline int Server::bind_internal(const std::string &host, int port,
+ int socket_flags) {
+ if (is_decommissioned) { return -1; }
+
+ if (!is_valid()) { return -1; }
+
+ svr_sock_ = create_server_socket(host, port, socket_flags, socket_options_);
+ if (svr_sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET) { return -1; }
+
+ if (port == 0) {
+ struct sockaddr_storage addr;
+ socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
+ if (getsockname(svr_sock_, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&addr),
+ &addr_len) == -1) {
+ output_error_log(Error::GetSockName, nullptr);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET) {
+ return ntohs(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in *>(&addr)->sin_port);
+ } else if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
+ return ntohs(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6 *>(&addr)->sin6_port);
+ } else {
+ output_error_log(Error::UnsupportedAddressFamily, nullptr);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ } else {
+ return port;
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool Server::listen_internal() {
+ // A stop() between bind and listen leaves nothing to accept on. Report
+ // failure instead of returning success without ever serving, and mark the
+ // server decommissioned the way any failed listen does so that a concurrent
+ // wait_until_ready() wakes up instead of spinning forever.
+ if (is_decommissioned || svr_sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ is_decommissioned = true;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto ret = true;
+ is_running_ = true;
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&]() { is_running_ = false; });
+
+ if (start_handler_) { start_handler_(); }
+
+ {
+ std::unique_ptr<TaskQueue> task_queue(new_task_queue());
+
+ while (svr_sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ if (idle_interval_sec_ > 0 || idle_interval_usec_ > 0) {
+#endif
+ auto val = detail::select_read(svr_sock_, idle_interval_sec_,
+ idle_interval_usec_);
+ if (val == 0) { // Timeout
+ task_queue->on_idle();
+ continue;
+ }
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ }
+#endif
+
+#if defined _WIN32
+ // sockets connected via WASAccept inherit flags NO_HANDLE_INHERIT,
+ // OVERLAPPED
+ socket_t sock = WSAAccept(svr_sock_, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
+#elif defined SOCK_CLOEXEC
+ socket_t sock = accept4(svr_sock_, nullptr, nullptr, SOCK_CLOEXEC);
+#else
+ socket_t sock = accept(svr_sock_, nullptr, nullptr);
+#endif
+
+ if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ // NOTE: Winsock reports failures through WSAGetLastError() and never
+ // touches the CRT errno, so the two have to be asked platform by
+ // platform rather than by testing errno here.
+ if (detail::is_accept_resource_error()) {
+ // The per-process descriptor limit or the network stack's buffer
+ // space has been reached. Try to accept new connections after a
+ // short sleep.
+ std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds{1});
+ continue;
+ } else if (detail::is_accept_transient_error()) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ // Take the descriptor out of svr_sock_ before closing it: a later
+ // stop() would otherwise shutdown()/close() a value the OS may have
+ // reused, and keep_alive() watches svr_sock_ to notice the server is
+ // gone. The exchange also settles the race with a concurrent stop(),
+ // since whichever side takes the descriptor closes it exactly once.
+ auto listen_sock = svr_sock_.exchange(INVALID_SOCKET);
+ if (listen_sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ detail::close_socket(listen_sock);
+ ret = false;
+ output_error_log(Error::Connection, nullptr);
+ } else {
+ ; // The server socket was closed by user.
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ detail::set_socket_opt_time(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO,
+ read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_);
+ detail::set_socket_opt_time(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_);
+
+ if (tcp_nodelay_) { set_socket_opt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, 1); }
+
+ if (!task_queue->enqueue(
+ [this, sock]() { process_and_close_socket(sock); })) {
+ output_error_log(Error::ResourceExhaustion, nullptr);
+ detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
+ detail::close_socket(sock);
+ }
+ }
+
+ task_queue->shutdown();
+ }
+
+ is_decommissioned = !ret;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::routing(Request &req, Response &res, Stream &strm) {
+ if (pre_routing_handler_ &&
+ pre_routing_handler_(req, res) == HandlerResponse::Handled) {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ // File handler
+ if ((req.method == "GET" || req.method == "HEAD") &&
+ handle_file_request(req, res)) {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ const auto *custom = find_custom_entry(req.method);
+
+ // The second clause mirrors what expect_content() does unconditionally for
+ // POST/PUT/PATCH/DELETE: a content reader route fires even when the request
+ // carries no body. Without it a body-less PROPFIND (RFC 4918 treats one as
+ // `allprop`) would skip its handler and fall through to 404.
+ if (detail::expect_content(req) ||
+ (custom && !custom->handlers_for_content_reader.empty())) {
+ // Content reader handler
+ {
+ // Track whether the ContentReader was aborted due to the decompressed
+ // payload exceeding `payload_max_length_`.
+ // The user handler runs after the lambda returns, so we must restore the
+ // 413 status if the handler overwrites it.
+ bool content_reader_payload_too_large = false;
+
+ ContentReader reader(
+ [&](ContentReceiver receiver) {
+ auto result = read_content_with_content_receiver(
+ strm, req, res, std::move(receiver), nullptr, nullptr);
+ if (!result) {
+ output_error_log(Error::Read, &req);
+ if (res.status == StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413) {
+ content_reader_payload_too_large = true;
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ },
+ [&](FormDataHeader header, ContentReceiver receiver) {
+ auto result = read_content_with_content_receiver(
+ strm, req, res, nullptr, std::move(header),
+ std::move(receiver));
+ if (!result) {
+ output_error_log(Error::Read, &req);
+ if (res.status == StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413) {
+ content_reader_payload_too_large = true;
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ });
+
+ bool dispatched = false;
+ if (req.method == "POST") {
+ dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
+ req, res, std::move(reader), post_handlers_for_content_reader_);
+ } else if (req.method == "PUT") {
+ dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
+ req, res, std::move(reader), put_handlers_for_content_reader_);
+ } else if (req.method == "PATCH") {
+ dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
+ req, res, std::move(reader), patch_handlers_for_content_reader_);
+ } else if (req.method == "DELETE") {
+ dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
+ req, res, std::move(reader), delete_handlers_for_content_reader_);
+ } else if (custom) {
+ dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
+ req, res, std::move(reader), custom->handlers_for_content_reader);
+ }
+
+ if (dispatched) {
+ if (content_reader_payload_too_large) {
+ // Enforce the limit: override any status the handler may have set
+ // and return false so the error path sends a plain 413 response.
+ res.status = StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413;
+ res.body.clear();
+ res.content_length_ = 0;
+ res.content_provider_ = nullptr;
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // NOTE: `req.body` is not read here. For a regular handler the body is
+ // read inside dispatch_request(), after the route has matched and the
+ // pre-request handler has approved the request, so that a rejected
+ // request (e.g. failed authentication) never forces us to buffer a
+ // potentially large body.
+ }
+
+ // Regular handler
+ if (req.method == "GET" || req.method == "HEAD") {
+ return dispatch_request(req, res, get_handlers_, strm);
+ } else if (req.method == "POST") {
+ return dispatch_request(req, res, post_handlers_, strm);
+ } else if (req.method == "PUT") {
+ return dispatch_request(req, res, put_handlers_, strm);
+ } else if (req.method == "DELETE") {
+ return dispatch_request(req, res, delete_handlers_, strm);
+ } else if (req.method == "OPTIONS") {
+ return dispatch_request(req, res, options_handlers_, strm);
+ } else if (req.method == "PATCH") {
+ return dispatch_request(req, res, patch_handlers_, strm);
+ } else if (custom) {
+ return dispatch_request(req, res, custom->handlers, strm);
+ }
+
+ res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::dispatch_request(Request &req, Response &res,
+ const Handlers &handlers, Stream &strm) {
+ for (const auto &x : handlers) {
+ const auto &matcher = x.first;
+ const auto &handler = x.second;
+
+ if (matcher->match(req)) {
+ req.matched_route = matcher->pattern();
+
+ // Run the pre-request handler before reading the body so a rejected
+ // request (e.g. failed authentication) never forces us to buffer a
+ // potentially large body. `req.matched_route` is available here.
+ if (pre_request_handler_ &&
+ pre_request_handler_(req, res) == HandlerResponse::Handled) {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ // The route matched and the request was approved; read the body now.
+ if (detail::expect_content(req) && !read_content(strm, req, res)) {
+ output_error_log(Error::Read, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ handler(req, res);
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+// Decides the content coding for a response served straight from a file. Both
+// the ETag, which has to name the representation actually sent, and
+// `apply_static_file_compression()` go through this, so the two cannot drift
+// apart.
+inline detail::EncodingType
+Server::static_file_encoding(const Request &req, const Response &res,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ size_t length) const {
+ if (!static_file_compression_) { return detail::EncodingType::None; }
+
+ // Nothing to compress, and an empty file already answers with
+ // `Content-Length: 0`. Checked on its own so that a zero floor still cannot
+ // turn an empty body into a 20-byte gzip stream.
+ if (length == 0) { return detail::EncodingType::None; }
+
+ // A file that already fits in a single packet gains nothing from being made
+ // smaller, since it still travels in that one segment, and a file of a few
+ // bytes comes out larger than it went in.
+ if (length < static_file_compression_min_length_) {
+ return detail::EncodingType::None;
+ }
+
+ // RFC 9110 applies Range to the representation after content coding, so a
+ // compressed 206 would mean compressing the whole file and then slicing it.
+ // Serve ranges from the identity representation instead.
+ if (!req.ranges.empty()) { return detail::EncodingType::None; }
+
+ if (static_file_compression_max_length_ > 0 &&
+ length > static_file_compression_max_length_) {
+ return detail::EncodingType::None;
+ }
+
+ return detail::encoding_type(req, res, content_type);
+}
+
+// Compresses a file-backed content provider into `res.body` and takes over the
+// framing headers. Returns false when the response is left untouched.
+inline bool Server::apply_static_file_compression(const Request &req,
+ Response &res) const {
+ auto type = res.content_coding_;
+ if (type == detail::EncodingType::None || !res.content_provider_) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto compressor = detail::make_compressor(type);
+ if (!compressor) { return false; }
+
+ output_pre_compression_log(req, res);
+
+ std::string compressed;
+ if (!detail::compress_content_provider(res.content_provider_,
+ res.content_length_, *compressor,
+ compressed)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ res.body.swap(compressed);
+
+ // The provider was consumed in full, so a resource releaser registered with
+ // it should hear about a success when the response goes away.
+ res.content_provider_success_ = true;
+ res.content_provider_ = nullptr;
+ res.content_length_ = 0;
+ res.content_coding_ = detail::EncodingType::None;
+
+ res.set_header("Content-Encoding", detail::encoding_name(type));
+ res.set_header("Vary", "Accept-Encoding");
+ res.set_header("Content-Length", std::to_string(res.body.size()));
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void Server::apply_ranges(const Request &req, Response &res,
+ std::string &content_type,
+ std::string &boundary) const {
+ // A known-length content provider leaves `res.body` empty, so the compressor
+ // at the end of this function never runs for one (issue #2545). A file-backed
+ // provider is fully readable right here, so compress it and answer with an
+ // ordinary body: `Content-Length` and HEAD keep working, and the response
+ // takes the same path as `set_content()` from here on. Range requests never
+ // get a content coding, so `Content-Range` still names identity bytes and
+ // none of the framing below applies.
+ if (apply_static_file_compression(req, res)) { return; }
+
+ if (req.ranges.size() > 1 && res.status == StatusCode::PartialContent_206) {
+ auto it = res.headers.find("Content-Type");
+ if (it != res.headers.end()) {
+ content_type = it->second;
+ res.headers.erase(it);
+ }
+
+ boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
+
+ res.set_header("Content-Type",
+ "multipart/byteranges; boundary=" + boundary);
+ }
+
+ auto type = detail::encoding_type(req, res);
+
+ if (res.body.empty()) {
+ if (res.content_length_ > 0) {
+ size_t length = 0;
+ if (req.ranges.empty() || res.status != StatusCode::PartialContent_206) {
+ length = res.content_length_;
+ } else if (req.ranges.size() == 1) {
+ auto offset_and_length = detail::get_range_offset_and_length(
+ req.ranges[0], res.content_length_);
+
+ length = offset_and_length.second;
+
+ auto content_range = detail::make_content_range_header_field(
+ offset_and_length, res.content_length_);
+ res.set_header("Content-Range", content_range);
+ } else {
+ length = detail::get_multipart_ranges_data_length(
+ req, boundary, content_type, res.content_length_);
+ }
+ res.set_header("Content-Length", std::to_string(length));
+ } else {
+ if (res.content_provider_) {
+ if (res.is_chunked_content_provider_) {
+ res.set_header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");
+ res.content_coding_ = type;
+ if (type != detail::EncodingType::None) {
+ res.set_header("Content-Encoding", detail::encoding_name(type));
+ res.set_header("Vary", "Accept-Encoding");
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (req.ranges.empty() || res.status != StatusCode::PartialContent_206) {
+ ;
+ } else if (req.ranges.size() == 1) {
+ auto offset_and_length =
+ detail::get_range_offset_and_length(req.ranges[0], res.body.size());
+ auto offset = offset_and_length.first;
+ auto length = offset_and_length.second;
+
+ auto content_range = detail::make_content_range_header_field(
+ offset_and_length, res.body.size());
+ res.set_header("Content-Range", content_range);
+
+ assert(offset + length <= res.body.size());
+ res.body = res.body.substr(offset, length);
+ } else {
+ std::string data;
+ detail::make_multipart_ranges_data(req, res, boundary, content_type,
+ res.body.size(), data);
+ res.body.swap(data);
+ }
+
+ if (type != detail::EncodingType::None) {
+ output_pre_compression_log(req, res);
+
+ if (auto compressor = detail::make_compressor(type)) {
+ std::string compressed;
+ if (compressor->compress(res.body.data(), res.body.size(), true,
+ [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
+ compressed.append(data, data_len);
+ return true;
+ })) {
+ res.body.swap(compressed);
+ res.set_header("Content-Encoding", detail::encoding_name(type));
+ res.set_header("Vary", "Accept-Encoding");
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ res.content_length_ = res.body.size();
+ res.set_header("Content-Length", std::to_string(res.content_length_));
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool Server::dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
+ Request &req, Response &res, ContentReader content_reader,
+ const HandlersForContentReader &handlers) const {
+ for (const auto &x : handlers) {
+ const auto &matcher = x.first;
+ const auto &handler = x.second;
+
+ if (matcher->match(req)) {
+ req.matched_route = matcher->pattern();
+ if (!pre_request_handler_ ||
+ pre_request_handler_(req, res) != HandlerResponse::Handled) {
+ handler(req, res, content_reader);
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline std::string
+get_client_ip(const std::string &x_forwarded_for,
+ const std::vector<std::string> &trusted_proxies) {
+ // X-Forwarded-For is a comma-separated list per RFC 7239
+ std::vector<std::string> ip_list;
+ detail::split(x_forwarded_for.data(),
+ x_forwarded_for.data() + x_forwarded_for.size(), ',',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ auto r = detail::trim(b, e, 0, static_cast<size_t>(e - b));
+ ip_list.emplace_back(std::string(b + r.first, b + r.second));
+ });
+
+ // A malformed X-Forwarded-For (empty, comma-only, whitespace-only) yields
+ // no segments. Signal "no client IP derived" with an empty string so the
+ // caller can fall back to the connection-level remote address.
+ if (ip_list.empty()) { return std::string(); }
+
+ // Each hop appends the address it received the request from, so the rightmost
+ // entries are the ones written by our own infrastructure while the leftmost
+ // are whatever the original client chose to send. Walk from the right and
+ // skip trusted proxies; the first address that is not a trusted proxy is the
+ // furthest point still attributable to a real hop, i.e. the client. Scanning
+ // from the left instead lets a client forge an arbitrary address by following
+ // it with a trusted proxy's address, which the left-to-right scan then
+ // returned as the client.
+ for (size_t i = ip_list.size(); i-- > 0;) {
+ const auto &ip = ip_list[i];
+
+ auto is_trusted_proxy =
+ std::any_of(trusted_proxies.begin(), trusted_proxies.end(),
+ [&](const std::string &proxy) { return ip == proxy; });
+
+ if (!is_trusted_proxy) { return ip; }
+ }
+
+ // Every hop was a trusted proxy; fall back to the first entry.
+ return ip_list.front();
+}
+
+inline bool
+Server::process_request(Stream &strm, const std::string &remote_addr,
+ int remote_port, const std::string &local_addr,
+ int local_port, bool close_connection,
+ bool &connection_closed,
+ const std::function<void(Request &)> &setup_request,
+ bool *websocket_upgraded) {
+ std::array<char, 2048> buf{};
+
+ detail::stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf.data(), buf.size());
+
+ // Connection has been closed on client
+ if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }
+
+ Request req;
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ req.remote_addr = remote_addr;
+ req.remote_port = remote_port;
+ req.local_addr = local_addr;
+ req.local_port = local_port;
+
+ Response res;
+ res.version = "HTTP/1.1";
+ res.headers = default_headers_;
+
+ // Request line and headers
+ if (!parse_request_line(line_reader.ptr(), req)) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
+ output_error_log(Error::InvalidRequestLine, &req);
+ return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+
+ // Request headers
+ if (!detail::read_headers(strm, req.headers)) {
+ res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
+ output_error_log(Error::InvalidHeaders, &req);
+ return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+
+ // RFC 9112 §6.3: Reject requests whose framing is ambiguous, which would
+ // otherwise let an intermediary and this parser disagree on where the body
+ // ends and enable request smuggling. Two cases: a non-zero Content-Length
+ // alongside any Transfer-Encoding (Content-Length: 0 is tolerated for
+ // compatibility with existing clients), and a Transfer-Encoding whose final
+ // coding is not chunked, which leaves the body length undeterminable. The
+ // latter must not fall through to the "no body" path, or the body bytes are
+ // parsed as the next request on a persistent connection.
+ if (detail::has_conflicting_content_length(req.headers) ||
+ (req.has_header("Transfer-Encoding") &&
+ !detail::is_chunked_transfer_encoding(req.headers))) {
+ connection_closed = true;
+ res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
+ return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+
+ // Check if the request URI doesn't exceed the limit
+ if (req.target.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH) {
+ connection_closed = true;
+ res.status = StatusCode::UriTooLong_414;
+ output_error_log(Error::ExceedUriMaxLength, &req);
+ return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+
+ if (detail::has_header_token(req.headers, "Connection", "close")) {
+ connection_closed = true;
+ }
+
+ if (req.version == "HTTP/1.0" &&
+ !detail::has_header_token(req.headers, "Connection", "keep-alive")) {
+ connection_closed = true;
+ }
+
+ // Only honor X-Forwarded-For if the peer on the actual TCP connection is
+ // itself a trusted proxy. Otherwise any direct client could spoof
+ // remote_addr simply by sending an arbitrary X-Forwarded-For header.
+ auto is_trusted_peer = std::any_of(
+ trusted_proxies_.begin(), trusted_proxies_.end(),
+ [&](const std::string &proxy) { return proxy == remote_addr; });
+
+ if (is_trusted_peer && req.has_header("X-Forwarded-For")) {
+ // Some proxies append the address they observed as a separate
+ // X-Forwarded-For field line instead of extending the one the client sent
+ // (e.g. HAProxy's "option forwardfor"), so the whole combined value has to
+ // be scanned. Reading only the first occurrence would hand back the
+ // client-supplied, and therefore forgeable, value.
+ auto x_forwarded_for =
+ detail::get_combined_header_value(req.headers, "X-Forwarded-For");
+ auto derived = get_client_ip(x_forwarded_for, trusted_proxies_);
+ req.remote_addr = derived.empty() ? remote_addr : derived;
+ } else {
+ req.remote_addr = remote_addr;
+ }
+ req.remote_port = remote_port;
+
+ req.local_addr = local_addr;
+ req.local_port = local_port;
+
+ if (req.has_header("Accept")) {
+ auto accept_header =
+ detail::get_combined_header_value(req.headers, "Accept");
+ if (!detail::parse_accept_header(accept_header, req.accept_content_types)) {
+ connection_closed = true;
+ res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
+ output_error_log(Error::HTTPParsing, &req);
+ return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (req.has_header("Range")) {
+ const auto &range_header_value = req.get_header_value("Range");
+ if (!detail::parse_range_header(range_header_value, req.ranges)) {
+ connection_closed = true;
+ res.status = StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416;
+ output_error_log(Error::InvalidRangeHeader, &req);
+ return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (setup_request) { setup_request(req); }
+
+ // RFC 9110 10.1.1: Expect is a comma-separated list whose value is
+ // case-insensitive, and a 100-continue expectation in an HTTP/1.0 request
+ // must be ignored. An expectation we do not recognize is left alone; the
+ // 417 the section allows for one is a MAY, not a requirement.
+ if (req.version != "HTTP/1.0" &&
+ detail::has_header_token(req.headers, "Expect", "100-continue")) {
+ int status = StatusCode::Continue_100;
+ if (expect_100_continue_handler_) {
+ status = expect_100_continue_handler_(req, res);
+ }
+ switch (status) {
+ case StatusCode::Continue_100:
+ case StatusCode::ExpectationFailed_417:
+ detail::write_response_line(strm, status);
+ strm.write("\r\n");
+ break;
+ default:
+ connection_closed = true;
+ return write_response(strm, true, req, res);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Setup `is_connection_closed` method
+ auto sock = strm.socket();
+ req.is_connection_closed = [sock]() {
+ return !detail::is_socket_alive(sock);
+ };
+
+ // WebSocket upgrade
+ // Check pre_routing_handler_ before upgrading so that authentication
+ // and other middleware can reject the request with an HTTP response
+ // (e.g., 401) before the protocol switches.
+ if (detail::is_websocket_upgrade(req)) {
+ if (pre_routing_handler_ &&
+ pre_routing_handler_(req, res) == HandlerResponse::Handled) {
+ if (res.status == -1) { res.status = StatusCode::OK_200; }
+ return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+ // Find matching WebSocket handler
+ for (const auto &entry : websocket_handlers_) {
+ if (entry.matcher->match(req)) {
+ // Compute accept key
+ auto client_key = req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Key");
+ auto accept_key = detail::websocket_accept_key(client_key);
+
+ // Negotiate subprotocol
+ std::string selected_subprotocol;
+ if (entry.sub_protocol_selector) {
+ auto protocol_header = detail::get_combined_header_value(
+ req.headers, "Sec-WebSocket-Protocol");
+ if (!protocol_header.empty()) {
+ std::vector<std::string> protocols;
+ detail::split(protocol_header.data(),
+ protocol_header.data() + protocol_header.size(), ',',
+ [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+ protocols.emplace_back(b, e);
+ });
+ selected_subprotocol = entry.sub_protocol_selector(protocols);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Send 101 Switching Protocols
+ std::string handshake_response = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n"
+ "Upgrade: websocket\r\n"
+ "Connection: Upgrade\r\n"
+ "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: " +
+ accept_key + "\r\n";
+ if (!selected_subprotocol.empty()) {
+ if (!detail::fields::is_field_value(selected_subprotocol)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ handshake_response +=
+ "Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: " + selected_subprotocol + "\r\n";
+ }
+ handshake_response += "\r\n";
+ if (strm.write(handshake_response.data(), handshake_response.size()) <
+ 0) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ connection_closed = true;
+ if (websocket_upgraded) { *websocket_upgraded = true; }
+
+ {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (req.ssl) {
+ // wss: the heartbeat ping thread and the read path enter the same
+ // TLS session from different threads. Hand the WebSocket a stream
+ // that serializes every TLS call, so the shared SSLSocketStream on
+ // the plain HTTP/HTTPS paths stays untouched.
+ auto ws_strm =
+ std::unique_ptr<Stream>(new detail::WebSocketSSLStream(
+ strm.socket(), const_cast<tls::session_t>(req.ssl),
+ CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND, 0,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_));
+ ws::WebSocket ws(std::move(ws_strm), req, true,
+ websocket_ping_interval_sec_,
+ websocket_max_missed_pongs_);
+ entry.handler(req, ws);
+ return true;
+ }
+#endif
+ // Use WebSocket-specific read timeout instead of HTTP timeout
+ strm.set_read_timeout(CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND,
+ 0);
+ ws::WebSocket ws(strm, req, true, websocket_ping_interval_sec_,
+ websocket_max_missed_pongs_);
+ entry.handler(req, ws);
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ // No matching handler - fall through to 404
+ }
+
+ // Routing
+ auto routed = false;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ routed = routing(req, res, strm);
+#else
+ try {
+ routed = routing(req, res, strm);
+ } catch (std::exception &) {
+ if (exception_handler_) {
+ auto ep = std::current_exception();
+ exception_handler_(req, res, ep);
+ routed = true;
+ } else {
+ res.status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
+ }
+ } catch (...) {
+ if (exception_handler_) {
+ auto ep = std::current_exception();
+ exception_handler_(req, res, ep);
+ routed = true;
+ } else {
+ res.status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+ auto ret = false;
+ if (routed) {
+ if (res.status == -1) {
+ res.status = req.ranges.empty() ? StatusCode::OK_200
+ : StatusCode::PartialContent_206;
+ }
+
+ // Serve file content by using a content provider
+ auto file_open_error = false;
+ if (!res.file_content_path_.empty()) {
+ const auto &path = res.file_content_path_;
+ auto mm = std::make_shared<detail::mmap>(path.c_str());
+ if (!mm->is_open()) {
+ res.body.clear();
+ res.content_length_ = 0;
+ res.content_provider_ = nullptr;
+ res.status = StatusCode::NotFound_404;
+ output_error_log(Error::OpenFile, &req);
+ file_open_error = true;
+ } else {
+ auto content_type = res.file_content_content_type_;
+ if (content_type.empty()) {
+ content_type = detail::find_content_type(
+ path, file_extension_and_mimetype_map_, default_file_mimetype_);
+ }
+
+ detail::set_file_content_provider(
+ res, mm, content_type,
+ static_file_encoding(req, res, content_type, mm->size()));
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (file_open_error) {
+ ret = write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ } else if (detail::range_error(req, res)) {
+ res.body.clear();
+ res.content_length_ = 0;
+ res.content_provider_ = nullptr;
+ res.status = StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416;
+ ret = write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ } else {
+ ret = write_response_with_content(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (res.status == -1) { res.status = StatusCode::NotFound_404; }
+ ret = write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
+ }
+
+ // Drain any unconsumed framed body to prevent request smuggling on
+ // keep-alive. Without framing there is no body to drain — reading would
+ // consume the next request (issue #2450). If the response has committed the
+ // connection to close, there is no next request to protect.
+ if (!req.body_consumed_ && detail::has_framed_body(req)) {
+ if (detail::has_header_token(res.headers, "Connection", "close")) {
+ connection_closed = true;
+ } else {
+ int dummy_status;
+ if (!detail::read_content(
+ strm, req, payload_max_length_, dummy_status, nullptr,
+ [](const char *, size_t, size_t, size_t) { return true; },
+ false)) {
+ connection_closed = true;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::is_valid() const { return !has_invalid_registration_; }
+
+inline bool Server::process_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) {
+ std::string remote_addr;
+ int remote_port = 0;
+ detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock, remote_addr, remote_port);
+
+ std::string local_addr;
+ int local_port = 0;
+ detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock, local_addr, local_port);
+
+ bool websocket_upgraded = false;
+ auto ret = serve_guarded([&]() {
+ return detail::process_server_socket(
+ svr_sock_, sock, keep_alive_max_count_, keep_alive_timeout_sec_,
+ read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
+ write_timeout_usec_,
+ [&](Stream &strm, bool close_connection, bool &connection_closed) {
+ return process_request(strm, remote_addr, remote_port, local_addr,
+ local_port, close_connection,
+ connection_closed, nullptr,
+ &websocket_upgraded);
+ });
+ });
+
+ detail::drain_and_close_socket(sock);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline void Server::output_log(const Request &req, const Response &res) const {
+ if (logger_) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
+ logger_(req, res);
+ }
+}
+
+inline void Server::output_pre_compression_log(const Request &req,
+ const Response &res) const {
+ if (pre_compression_logger_) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
+ pre_compression_logger_(req, res);
+ }
+}
+
+inline void Server::output_error_log(const Error &err,
+ const Request *req) const {
+ if (error_logger_) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
+ error_logger_(err, req);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Group 5: ClientImpl and Client (Universal) implementation
+ */
+// HTTP client implementation
+inline ClientImpl::ClientImpl(const std::string &host)
+ : ClientImpl(host, 80, std::string(), std::string()) {}
+
+inline ClientImpl::ClientImpl(const std::string &host, int port)
+ : ClientImpl(host, port, std::string(), std::string()) {}
+
+inline ClientImpl::ClientImpl(const std::string &host, int port,
+ const std::string &client_cert_path,
+ const std::string &client_key_path)
+ : host_(detail::escape_abstract_namespace_unix_domain(host)), port_(port),
+ client_cert_path_(client_cert_path), client_key_path_(client_key_path) {}
+
+inline ClientImpl::~ClientImpl() {
+ // Wait until all the requests in flight are handled.
+ size_t retry_count = 10;
+ while (retry_count-- > 0) {
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+ if (socket_requests_in_flight_ == 0) { break; }
+ }
+ std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds{1});
+ }
+
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+ shutdown_socket(socket_);
+ close_socket(socket_);
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::is_valid() const { return true; }
+
+inline void ClientImpl::copy_settings(const ClientImpl &rhs) {
+ client_cert_path_ = rhs.client_cert_path_;
+ client_key_path_ = rhs.client_key_path_;
+ connection_timeout_sec_ = rhs.connection_timeout_sec_;
+ read_timeout_sec_ = rhs.read_timeout_sec_;
+ read_timeout_usec_ = rhs.read_timeout_usec_;
+ write_timeout_sec_ = rhs.write_timeout_sec_;
+ write_timeout_usec_ = rhs.write_timeout_usec_;
+ max_timeout_msec_ = rhs.max_timeout_msec_;
+ basic_auth_username_ = rhs.basic_auth_username_;
+ basic_auth_password_ = rhs.basic_auth_password_;
+ bearer_token_auth_token_ = rhs.bearer_token_auth_token_;
+ keep_alive_ = rhs.keep_alive_;
+ follow_location_ = rhs.follow_location_;
+ path_encode_ = rhs.path_encode_;
+ address_family_ = rhs.address_family_;
+ tcp_nodelay_ = rhs.tcp_nodelay_;
+ ipv6_v6only_ = rhs.ipv6_v6only_;
+ socket_options_ = rhs.socket_options_;
+ compress_ = rhs.compress_;
+ decompress_ = rhs.decompress_;
+ payload_max_length_ = rhs.payload_max_length_;
+ has_payload_max_length_ = rhs.has_payload_max_length_;
+ interface_ = rhs.interface_;
+ proxy_host_ = rhs.proxy_host_;
+ proxy_port_ = rhs.proxy_port_;
+ proxy_basic_auth_username_ = rhs.proxy_basic_auth_username_;
+ proxy_basic_auth_password_ = rhs.proxy_basic_auth_password_;
+ proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_ = rhs.proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_;
+ no_proxy_entries_ = rhs.no_proxy_entries_;
+ logger_ = rhs.logger_;
+ error_logger_ = rhs.error_logger_;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ digest_auth_username_ = rhs.digest_auth_username_;
+ digest_auth_password_ = rhs.digest_auth_password_;
+ proxy_digest_auth_username_ = rhs.proxy_digest_auth_username_;
+ proxy_digest_auth_password_ = rhs.proxy_digest_auth_password_;
+ ca_cert_file_path_ = rhs.ca_cert_file_path_;
+ ca_cert_dir_path_ = rhs.ca_cert_dir_path_;
+ server_certificate_verification_ = rhs.server_certificate_verification_;
+ server_hostname_verification_ = rhs.server_hostname_verification_;
+ system_ca_mode_ = rhs.system_ca_mode_;
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool
+ClientImpl::is_proxy_enabled_for_host(const std::string &host) const {
+ if (proxy_host_.empty() || proxy_port_ == -1) { return false; }
+ if (no_proxy_entries_.empty()) { return true; }
+ // host_ is const so its normalized form is invariant; cache it. The
+ // cross-host path (setup_redirect_client passing next_host) re-normalizes.
+ if (host == host_) {
+ if (!host_normalized_valid_) {
+ host_normalized_ = detail::normalize_target(host_);
+ host_normalized_valid_ = true;
+ }
+ return !detail::host_matches_no_proxy(host_normalized_, no_proxy_entries_);
+ }
+ auto target = detail::normalize_target(host);
+ return !detail::host_matches_no_proxy(target, no_proxy_entries_);
+}
+
+inline socket_t ClientImpl::create_client_socket(Error &error) const {
+ if (is_proxy_enabled_for_host(host_)) {
+ return detail::create_client_socket(
+ proxy_host_, std::string(), proxy_port_, address_family_, tcp_nodelay_,
+ ipv6_v6only_, socket_options_, connection_timeout_sec_,
+ connection_timeout_usec_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_, interface_, error);
+ }
+
+ // Check is custom IP or hostname specified for host_
+ std::string connect_host;
+ std::string ip;
+ detail::apply_addr_map(addr_map_, host_, connect_host, ip);
+
+ return detail::create_client_socket(
+ connect_host, ip, port_, address_family_, tcp_nodelay_, ipv6_v6only_,
+ socket_options_, connection_timeout_sec_, connection_timeout_usec_,
+ read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
+ write_timeout_usec_, interface_, error);
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::create_and_connect_socket(Socket &socket,
+ Error &error) {
+ auto sock = create_client_socket(error);
+ if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return false; }
+ socket.sock = sock;
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::ensure_socket_connection(Socket &socket, Error &error) {
+ return create_and_connect_socket(socket, error);
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::setup_proxy_connection(
+ Socket & /*socket*/,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> /*start_time*/,
+ Response & /*res*/, bool & /*success*/, Error & /*error*/) {
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::shutdown_ssl(Socket & /*socket*/,
+ bool /*shutdown_gracefully*/) {
+ // If there are any requests in flight from threads other than us, then it's
+ // a thread-unsafe race because individual ssl* objects are not thread-safe.
+ assert(socket_requests_in_flight_ == 0 ||
+ socket_requests_are_from_thread_ == std::this_thread::get_id());
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::shutdown_socket(Socket &socket) const {
+ if (socket.sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return; }
+ detail::shutdown_socket(socket.sock);
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::close_socket(Socket &socket) {
+ // If there are requests in flight in another thread, usually closing
+ // the socket will be fine and they will simply receive an error when
+ // using the closed socket, but it is still a bug since rarely the OS
+ // may reassign the socket id to be used for a new socket, and then
+ // suddenly they will be operating on a live socket that is different
+ // than the one they intended!
+ assert(socket_requests_in_flight_ == 0 ||
+ socket_requests_are_from_thread_ == std::this_thread::get_id());
+
+ // It is also a bug if this happens while SSL is still active
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ assert(socket.ssl == nullptr);
+#endif
+
+ if (socket.sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return; }
+ detail::close_socket(socket.sock);
+ socket.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::disconnect(bool gracefully) {
+ shutdown_ssl(socket_, gracefully);
+ shutdown_socket(socket_);
+ close_socket(socket_);
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::read_response_line(Stream &strm, const Request &req,
+ Response &res,
+ bool skip_100_continue) const {
+ std::array<char, 2048> buf{};
+
+ detail::stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf.data(), buf.size());
+
+ if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }
+
+ if (!detail::parse_status_line(line_reader.ptr(), res.version, res.status,
+ res.reason)) {
+ return req.method == "CONNECT";
+ }
+
+ // Ignore '100 Continue' (only when not using Expect: 100-continue explicitly)
+ while (skip_100_continue && res.status == StatusCode::Continue_100) {
+ if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; } // CRLF
+ if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; } // next response line
+
+ if (!detail::parse_status_line(line_reader.ptr(), res.version, res.status,
+ res.reason)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::send(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> request_mutex_guard(request_mutex_);
+ auto ret = send_(req, res, error);
+ if (error == Error::SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_) {
+ assert(!ret);
+ ret = send_(req, res, error);
+ // If still failing with SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_, convert to Read error
+ if (error == Error::SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_) { error = Error::Read; }
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::send_(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error) {
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+
+ // Set this to false immediately - if it ever gets set to true by the end
+ // of the request, we know another thread instructed us to close the
+ // socket.
+ socket_should_be_closed_when_request_is_done_ = false;
+
+ auto is_alive = false;
+ if (socket_.is_open()) {
+ is_alive = detail::is_socket_alive(socket_.sock);
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (is_alive && is_ssl()) {
+ if (tls::is_peer_closed(socket_.ssl, socket_.sock)) {
+ is_alive = false;
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (!is_alive) {
+ // Peer seems gone — non-graceful shutdown to avoid SIGPIPE.
+ disconnect(/*gracefully=*/false);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!is_alive) {
+ if (!ensure_socket_connection(socket_, error)) {
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ {
+ auto success = true;
+ if (!setup_proxy_connection(socket_, req.start_time_, res, success,
+ error)) {
+ if (!success) { output_error_log(error, &req); }
+ return success;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Mark the current socket as being in use so that it cannot be closed by
+ // anyone else while this request is ongoing, even though we will be
+ // releasing the mutex.
+ if (socket_requests_in_flight_ > 1) {
+ assert(socket_requests_are_from_thread_ == std::this_thread::get_id());
+ }
+ socket_requests_in_flight_ += 1;
+ socket_requests_are_from_thread_ = std::this_thread::get_id();
+ }
+
+ for (const auto &header : default_headers_) {
+ if (req.headers.find(header.first) == req.headers.end()) {
+ req.headers.insert(header);
+ }
+ }
+
+ auto ret = false;
+ auto close_connection = !keep_alive_;
+
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&]() {
+ // Briefly lock mutex in order to mark that a request is no longer ongoing
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+ socket_requests_in_flight_ -= 1;
+ if (socket_requests_in_flight_ <= 0) {
+ assert(socket_requests_in_flight_ == 0);
+ socket_requests_are_from_thread_ = std::thread::id();
+ }
+
+ if (socket_should_be_closed_when_request_is_done_ || close_connection ||
+ !ret) {
+ disconnect(/*gracefully=*/true);
+ }
+ });
+
+ ret = process_socket(socket_, req.start_time_, [&](Stream &strm) {
+ return handle_request(strm, req, res, close_connection, error);
+ });
+
+ if (!ret) {
+ if (error == Error::Success) {
+ error = Error::Unknown;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::send(const Request &req) {
+ auto req2 = req;
+ return send_(std::move(req2));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::send_(Request &&req) {
+ auto res = detail::make_unique<Response>();
+ auto error = Error::Success;
+ auto ret = send(req, *res, error);
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ return Result{ret ? std::move(res) : nullptr, error, std::move(req.headers),
+ last_ssl_error_, last_backend_error_};
+#else
+ return Result{ret ? std::move(res) : nullptr, error, std::move(req.headers)};
+#endif
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::prepare_default_headers(Request &r, bool for_stream,
+ const std::string &ct) {
+ (void)for_stream;
+ // Default headers are meant for the origin and may carry its credentials, so
+ // keep them off the CONNECT request the proxy reads.
+ if (r.method != "CONNECT") {
+ for (const auto &header : default_headers_) {
+ if (!r.has_header(header.first)) { r.headers.insert(header); }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // RFC 9110 5.3 recommends sending control data such as Host first, so
+ // prepend it rather than appending it after the caller's own fields.
+ if (!r.has_header("Host")) {
+ r.headers.emplace_front(
+ "Host", detail::make_default_host_header_value(host_, port_, is_ssl(),
+ address_family_));
+ }
+
+ if (!r.has_header("Accept")) { r.headers.emplace("Accept", "*/*"); }
+
+ if (!r.content_receiver) {
+ if (!r.has_header("Accept-Encoding")) {
+ std::string accept_encoding;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
+ accept_encoding = "br";
+#endif
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+ if (!accept_encoding.empty()) { accept_encoding += ", "; }
+ accept_encoding += "gzip, deflate";
+#endif
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
+ if (!accept_encoding.empty()) { accept_encoding += ", "; }
+ accept_encoding += "zstd";
+#endif
+ r.set_header("Accept-Encoding", accept_encoding);
+ }
+
+ detail::add_default_user_agent_header(r);
+ }
+
+ if (!r.body.empty()) {
+ if (!ct.empty() && !r.has_header("Content-Type")) {
+ r.headers.emplace("Content-Type", ct);
+ }
+ if (!r.has_header("Content-Length")) {
+ r.headers.emplace("Content-Length", std::to_string(r.body.size()));
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline ClientImpl::StreamHandle
+ClientImpl::open_stream(const std::string &method, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type) {
+ StreamHandle handle;
+ handle.response = detail::make_unique<Response>();
+ handle.error = Error::Success;
+
+ // Encode the target exactly like the buffered send path does, so that the
+ // same `path` produces the same request line through either API.
+ auto raw_query_path =
+ params.empty() ? path : append_query_params(path, params);
+ auto query_path = detail::encode_request_target(raw_query_path, path_encode_);
+
+ handle.connection_ = detail::make_unique<ClientConnection>();
+
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+
+ auto is_alive = false;
+ if (socket_.is_open()) {
+ is_alive = detail::is_socket_alive(socket_.sock);
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (is_alive && is_ssl()) {
+ if (tls::is_peer_closed(socket_.ssl, socket_.sock)) {
+ is_alive = false;
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+ if (!is_alive) { disconnect(/*gracefully=*/false); }
+ }
+
+ if (!is_alive) {
+ if (!ensure_socket_connection(socket_, handle.error)) {
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+
+ {
+ auto success = true;
+ auto start_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ if (!setup_proxy_connection(socket_, start_time, *handle.response,
+ success, handle.error)) {
+ if (!success) { handle.response.reset(); }
+ return handle;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ transfer_socket_ownership_to_handle(handle);
+ }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (is_ssl() && handle.connection_->session) {
+ handle.socket_stream_ = detail::make_unique<detail::SSLSocketStream>(
+ handle.connection_->sock, handle.connection_->session,
+ read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
+ write_timeout_usec_);
+ } else {
+ handle.socket_stream_ = detail::make_unique<detail::SocketStream>(
+ handle.connection_->sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_);
+ }
+#else
+ handle.socket_stream_ = detail::make_unique<detail::SocketStream>(
+ handle.connection_->sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_);
+#endif
+ handle.stream_ = handle.socket_stream_.get();
+
+ Request req;
+ req.method = method;
+ req.path = query_path;
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.body = body;
+
+ prepare_default_headers(req, true, content_type);
+
+ auto &strm = *handle.stream_;
+ if (detail::write_request_line(strm, req.method, req.path) < 0) {
+ handle.error = Error::Write;
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+
+ if (!detail::check_and_write_headers(strm, req.headers, header_writer_,
+ handle.error)) {
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+
+ if (!body.empty()) {
+ if (strm.write(body.data(), body.size()) < 0) {
+ handle.error = Error::Write;
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!read_response_line(strm, req, *handle.response) ||
+ !detail::read_headers(strm, handle.response->headers)) {
+ handle.error = Error::Read;
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+
+ // Same framing check as ClientImpl::process_request(). A HEAD or bodyless
+ // (204/304) response legitimately carries framing headers with no body.
+ if (method != "HEAD" &&
+ handle.response->status != StatusCode::NoContent_204 &&
+ handle.response->status != StatusCode::NotModified_304 &&
+ detail::has_conflicting_content_length(handle.response->headers)) {
+ handle.error = Error::Read;
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+
+ handle.body_reader_.stream = handle.stream_;
+ handle.body_reader_.payload_max_length = payload_max_length_;
+
+ if (handle.response->has_header("Content-Length")) {
+ bool is_invalid = false;
+ auto content_length = detail::get_header_value_u64(
+ handle.response->headers, "Content-Length", 0, 0, is_invalid);
+ if (is_invalid) {
+ handle.error = Error::Read;
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+ handle.body_reader_.has_content_length = true;
+ handle.body_reader_.content_length = content_length;
+ }
+
+ handle.body_reader_.chunked =
+ detail::is_chunked_transfer_encoding(handle.response->headers);
+
+ auto content_encoding = detail::get_combined_header_value(
+ handle.response->headers, "Content-Encoding");
+ if (!content_encoding.empty()) {
+ // Same policy as prepare_content_receiver(): reject a coding we know about
+ // but were not built with, pass an unrecognized one through as-is.
+ handle.decompressor_ = detail::create_decompressor(content_encoding);
+ if (!handle.decompressor_) {
+ if (detail::is_known_content_encoding(content_encoding)) {
+ handle.error = Error::UnsupportedContentEncoding;
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+ } else if (!handle.decompressor_->is_valid()) {
+ handle.error = Error::Compression;
+ handle.response.reset();
+ return handle;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return handle;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t ClientImpl::StreamHandle::read(char *buf, size_t len) {
+ if (!is_valid() || !response) { return -1; }
+
+ if (decompressor_) { return read_with_decompression(buf, len); }
+ auto n = detail::read_body_content(stream_, body_reader_, buf, len);
+
+ if (n <= 0 && body_reader_.chunked && !trailers_parsed_ && stream_) {
+ trailers_parsed_ = true;
+ if (body_reader_.chunked_decoder) {
+ if (!body_reader_.chunked_decoder->parse_trailers_into(
+ response->trailers, response->headers)) {
+ return n;
+ }
+ } else {
+ detail::ChunkedDecoder dec(*stream_);
+ if (!dec.parse_trailers_into(response->trailers, response->headers)) {
+ return n;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t ClientImpl::StreamHandle::read_with_decompression(char *buf,
+ size_t len) {
+ if (decompress_offset_ < decompress_buffer_.size()) {
+ auto available = decompress_buffer_.size() - decompress_offset_;
+ auto to_copy = (std::min)(len, available);
+ std::memcpy(buf, decompress_buffer_.data() + decompress_offset_, to_copy);
+ decompress_offset_ += to_copy;
+ decompressed_bytes_read_ += to_copy;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(to_copy);
+ }
+
+ decompress_buffer_.clear();
+ decompress_offset_ = 0;
+
+ constexpr size_t kDecompressionBufferSize = 8192;
+ char compressed_buf[kDecompressionBufferSize];
+
+ while (true) {
+ auto n = detail::read_body_content(stream_, body_reader_, compressed_buf,
+ sizeof(compressed_buf));
+
+ if (n <= 0) { return n; }
+
+ bool decompress_ok = decompressor_->decompress(
+ compressed_buf, static_cast<size_t>(n),
+ [this](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
+ decompress_buffer_.append(data, data_len);
+ auto limit = body_reader_.payload_max_length;
+ if (decompressed_bytes_read_ + decompress_buffer_.size() > limit) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+ });
+
+ if (!decompress_ok) {
+ body_reader_.last_error = Error::Read;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ if (!decompress_buffer_.empty()) { break; }
+ }
+
+ auto to_copy = (std::min)(len, decompress_buffer_.size());
+ std::memcpy(buf, decompress_buffer_.data(), to_copy);
+ decompress_offset_ = to_copy;
+ decompressed_bytes_read_ += to_copy;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(to_copy);
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::StreamHandle::parse_trailers_if_needed() {
+ if (!response || !stream_ || !body_reader_.chunked || trailers_parsed_) {
+ return;
+ }
+
+ trailers_parsed_ = true;
+
+ const auto bufsiz = 128;
+ char line_buf[bufsiz];
+ detail::stream_line_reader line_reader(*stream_, line_buf, bufsiz);
+
+ if (!line_reader.getline()) { return; }
+
+ if (!detail::parse_trailers(line_reader, response->trailers,
+ response->headers)) {
+ return;
+ }
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+inline ChunkedDecoder::ChunkedDecoder(Stream &s) : strm(s) {}
+
+inline ssize_t ChunkedDecoder::read_payload(char *buf, size_t len,
+ size_t &out_chunk_offset,
+ size_t &out_chunk_total) {
+ if (finished) { return 0; }
+
+ if (chunk_remaining == 0) {
+ stream_line_reader lr(strm, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
+ if (!lr.getline()) { return -1; }
+
+ // RFC 9112 §7.1: chunk-size = 1*HEXDIG
+ const char *p = lr.ptr();
+ int v = 0;
+ if (!is_hex(*p, v)) { return -1; }
+
+ size_t chunk_len = 0;
+ constexpr size_t chunk_len_max = (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)();
+ for (; is_hex(*p, v); ++p) {
+ if (chunk_len > (chunk_len_max >> 4)) { return -1; }
+ chunk_len = (chunk_len << 4) | static_cast<size_t>(v);
+ }
+
+ while (is_space_or_tab(*p)) {
+ ++p;
+ }
+ if (*p != '\0' && *p != ';' && *p != '\r' && *p != '\n') { return -1; }
+
+ if (chunk_len == 0) {
+ chunk_remaining = 0;
+ finished = true;
+ out_chunk_offset = 0;
+ out_chunk_total = 0;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ chunk_remaining = chunk_len;
+ last_chunk_total = chunk_remaining;
+ last_chunk_offset = 0;
+ }
+
+ auto to_read = (std::min)(chunk_remaining, len);
+ auto n = strm.read(buf, to_read);
+ if (n <= 0) { return -1; }
+
+ auto offset_before = last_chunk_offset;
+ last_chunk_offset += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+ chunk_remaining -= static_cast<size_t>(n);
+
+ out_chunk_offset = offset_before;
+ out_chunk_total = last_chunk_total;
+
+ if (chunk_remaining == 0) {
+ stream_line_reader lr(strm, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
+ if (!lr.getline()) { return -1; }
+ if (std::strcmp(lr.ptr(), "\r\n") != 0) { return -1; }
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+inline bool ChunkedDecoder::parse_trailers_into(Headers &dest,
+ const Headers &src_headers) {
+ stream_line_reader lr(strm, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
+ if (!lr.getline()) { return false; }
+ return parse_trailers(lr, dest, src_headers);
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+inline void
+ClientImpl::transfer_socket_ownership_to_handle(StreamHandle &handle) {
+ handle.connection_->sock = socket_.sock;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ handle.connection_->session = socket_.ssl;
+ socket_.ssl = nullptr;
+#endif
+ socket_.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::handle_request(Stream &strm, Request &req,
+ Response &res, bool close_connection,
+ Error &error) {
+ if (req.path.empty()) {
+ error = Error::Connection;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto req_save = req;
+
+ bool ret;
+
+ if (!is_ssl() && is_proxy_enabled_for_host(host_)) {
+ auto req2 = req;
+ req2.path = "http://" +
+ detail::make_host_and_port_string(host_, port_, false) +
+ req.path;
+ ret = process_request(strm, req2, res, close_connection, error);
+ req = std::move(req2);
+ req.path = req_save.path;
+ } else {
+ ret = process_request(strm, req, res, close_connection, error);
+ }
+
+ if (!ret) { return false; }
+
+ if (detail::has_header_token(res.headers, "Connection", "close") ||
+ (res.version == "HTTP/1.0" && res.reason != "Connection established")) {
+ // NOTE: this requires a not-entirely-obvious chain of calls to be correct
+ // for this to be safe.
+
+ // This is safe to call because handle_request is only called by send_
+ // which locks the request mutex during the process. It would be a bug
+ // to call it from a different thread since it's a thread-safety issue
+ // to do these things to the socket if another thread is using the socket.
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+ disconnect(/*gracefully=*/true);
+ }
+
+ if (300 < res.status && res.status < 400 && follow_location_) {
+ req = std::move(req_save);
+ ret = redirect(req, res, error);
+ }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if ((res.status == StatusCode::Unauthorized_401 ||
+ res.status == StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407) &&
+ req.authorization_count_ < 5) {
+ auto is_proxy = res.status == StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407;
+
+ // Only retry when the 407 actually came from a proxy hop: plain HTTP
+ // through an enabled proxy. HTTPS via CONNECT tunnels the 407 from the
+ // origin (#2457); direct/bypassed origins have no proxy hop at all.
+ if (is_proxy && !(!is_ssl() && is_proxy_enabled_for_host(host_))) {
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ const auto &username =
+ is_proxy ? proxy_digest_auth_username_ : digest_auth_username_;
+ const auto &password =
+ is_proxy ? proxy_digest_auth_password_ : digest_auth_password_;
+
+ if (!username.empty() && !password.empty()) {
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> auth;
+ if (detail::parse_www_authenticate(res, auth, is_proxy)) {
+ Request new_req = req;
+ new_req.authorization_count_ += 1;
+ new_req.headers.erase(is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authorization"
+ : "Authorization");
+ new_req.headers.insert(detail::make_digest_authentication_header(
+ req, auth, new_req.authorization_count_, detail::random_string(10),
+ username, password, is_proxy));
+
+ Response new_res;
+
+ ret = send(new_req, new_res, error);
+ if (ret) { res = std::move(new_res); }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::redirect(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error) {
+ if (req.redirect_count_ == 0) {
+ error = Error::ExceedRedirectCount;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto location = res.get_header_value("location");
+ if (location.empty()) { return false; }
+
+ detail::UrlComponents uc;
+ if (!detail::parse_url(location, uc)) { return false; }
+
+ // Only follow http/https redirects
+ if (!uc.scheme.empty() && uc.scheme != "http" && uc.scheme != "https") {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto scheme = is_ssl() ? "https" : "http";
+
+ auto next_scheme = std::move(uc.scheme);
+ auto next_host = std::move(uc.host);
+ auto port_str = std::move(uc.port);
+ auto next_path = std::move(uc.path);
+ auto next_query = std::move(uc.query);
+
+ auto next_port = port_;
+ if (!port_str.empty()) {
+ if (!detail::parse_port(port_str, next_port)) { return false; }
+ } else if (!next_scheme.empty()) {
+ next_port = next_scheme == "https" ? 443 : 80;
+ }
+
+ if (next_scheme.empty()) { next_scheme = scheme; }
+ if (next_host.empty()) { next_host = host_; }
+ if (next_path.empty()) { next_path = "/"; }
+
+ auto path = decode_path_component(next_path) + next_query;
+
+ // Same host redirect - use current client
+ if (next_scheme == scheme && next_host == host_ && next_port == port_) {
+ return detail::redirect(*this, req, res, path, location, error);
+ }
+
+ // Cross-host/scheme redirect - create new client with robust setup
+ return create_redirect_client(next_scheme, next_host, next_port, req, res,
+ path, location, error);
+}
+
+// New method for robust redirect client creation
+inline bool ClientImpl::create_redirect_client(
+ const std::string &scheme, const std::string &host, int port, Request &req,
+ Response &res, const std::string &path, const std::string &location,
+ Error &error) {
+ // Determine if we need SSL
+ auto need_ssl = (scheme == "https");
+
+ // Clean up request headers that are host/client specific
+ // Remove headers that should not be carried over to new host
+ auto headers_to_remove = std::vector<std::string>{
+ "Host", "Proxy-Authorization", "Authorization", "Cookie", "Cookie2"};
+
+ for (const auto &header_name : headers_to_remove) {
+ auto it = req.headers.find(header_name);
+ while (it != req.headers.end()) {
+ it = req.headers.erase(it);
+ it = req.headers.find(header_name);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Create appropriate client type and handle redirect
+ if (need_ssl) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ // Create SSL client for HTTPS redirect
+ SSLClient redirect_client(host, port);
+
+ // Setup basic client configuration first
+ setup_redirect_client(redirect_client);
+
+ redirect_client.enable_server_certificate_verification(
+ server_certificate_verification_);
+ redirect_client.enable_server_hostname_verification(
+ server_hostname_verification_);
+ redirect_client.system_ca_mode_ = system_ca_mode_;
+
+ // Transfer CA certificate to redirect client
+ if (!ca_cert_pem_.empty()) {
+ redirect_client.load_ca_cert_store(ca_cert_pem_.c_str(),
+ ca_cert_pem_.size());
+ }
+ if (!ca_cert_file_path_.empty()) {
+ redirect_client.set_ca_cert_path(ca_cert_file_path_, ca_cert_dir_path_);
+ }
+
+ // Client certificates are set through constructor for SSLClient
+ // NOTE: SSLClient constructor already takes client_cert_path and
+ // client_key_path so we need to create it properly if client certs are
+ // needed
+
+ // Execute the redirect
+ return detail::redirect(redirect_client, req, res, path, location, error);
+#else
+ // SSL not supported - set appropriate error
+ error = Error::SSLConnection;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+#endif
+ } else {
+ // HTTP redirect
+ ClientImpl redirect_client(host, port);
+
+ // Setup client with robust configuration
+ setup_redirect_client(redirect_client);
+
+ // Execute the redirect
+ return detail::redirect(redirect_client, req, res, path, location, error);
+ }
+}
+
+// New method for robust client setup (based on basic_manual_redirect.cpp
+// logic)
+template <typename ClientType>
+inline void ClientImpl::setup_redirect_client(ClientType &client) {
+ // Copy basic settings first
+ client.set_connection_timeout(connection_timeout_sec_);
+ client.set_read_timeout(read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_);
+ client.set_write_timeout(write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_);
+ client.set_keep_alive(keep_alive_);
+ client.set_follow_location(
+ true); // Enable redirects to handle multi-step redirects
+ client.set_path_encode(path_encode_);
+ client.set_compress(compress_);
+ client.set_decompress(decompress_);
+
+ // NOTE: Authentication credentials (basic auth, bearer token, digest auth)
+ // are intentionally NOT copied to the redirect client. Per RFC 9110 Section
+ // 15.4, credentials must not be forwarded when redirecting to a different
+ // host. This function is only called for cross-host redirects; same-host
+ // redirects are handled directly in ClientImpl::redirect().
+
+ // Copy the proxy configuration unconditionally; the per-target bypass is
+ // re-evaluated at send time, so a later hop to a non-bypassed host can
+ // still use the proxy.
+ client.no_proxy_entries_ = no_proxy_entries_;
+ if (!proxy_host_.empty() && proxy_port_ != -1) {
+ client.set_proxy(proxy_host_, proxy_port_);
+
+ if (!proxy_basic_auth_username_.empty()) {
+ client.set_proxy_basic_auth(proxy_basic_auth_username_,
+ proxy_basic_auth_password_);
+ }
+ if (!proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_.empty()) {
+ client.set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_);
+ }
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (!proxy_digest_auth_username_.empty()) {
+ client.set_proxy_digest_auth(proxy_digest_auth_username_,
+ proxy_digest_auth_password_);
+ }
+#endif
+ }
+
+ // Copy network and socket settings
+ client.set_address_family(address_family_);
+ client.set_tcp_nodelay(tcp_nodelay_);
+ client.set_ipv6_v6only(ipv6_v6only_);
+ if (socket_options_) { client.set_socket_options(socket_options_); }
+ if (!interface_.empty()) { client.set_interface(interface_); }
+
+ // Copy logging and headers
+ if (logger_) { client.set_logger(logger_); }
+ if (error_logger_) { client.set_error_logger(error_logger_); }
+
+ // NOTE: DO NOT copy default_headers_ as they may contain stale Host headers
+ // Each new client should generate its own headers based on its target host
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::write_content_with_provider(Stream &strm,
+ const Request &req,
+ Error &error) const {
+ auto is_shutting_down = []() { return false; };
+
+ if (req.is_chunked_content_provider_) {
+ auto compressor = compress_ ? detail::create_compressor().first
+ : std::unique_ptr<detail::compressor>();
+ if (!compressor) {
+ compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::nocompressor>();
+ }
+
+ return detail::write_content_chunked(strm, req.content_provider_,
+ is_shutting_down, *compressor, error);
+ } else {
+ return detail::write_content_with_progress(
+ strm, req.content_provider_, 0, req.content_length_, is_shutting_down,
+ req.upload_progress, error);
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::write_request(Stream &strm, Request &req,
+ bool close_connection, Error &error,
+ bool skip_body) {
+ // Prepare additional headers
+ if (close_connection) {
+ if (!req.has_header("Connection")) {
+ req.set_header("Connection", "close");
+ }
+ }
+
+ std::string ct_for_defaults;
+ if (!req.has_header("Content-Type") && !req.body.empty()) {
+ ct_for_defaults = "text/plain";
+ }
+ prepare_default_headers(req, false, ct_for_defaults);
+
+ if (req.body.empty()) {
+ if (req.content_provider_) {
+ if (!req.is_chunked_content_provider_) {
+ if (!req.has_header("Content-Length")) {
+ auto length = std::to_string(req.content_length_);
+ req.set_header("Content-Length", length);
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (req.method == "POST" || req.method == "PUT" ||
+ req.method == "PATCH") {
+ req.set_header("Content-Length", "0");
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // A CONNECT request is read by the proxy; everything sent through the tunnel
+ // it opens is read by the origin. Each credential goes only to its own hop.
+ auto is_connect = req.method == "CONNECT";
+
+ if (!is_connect && !req.has_header("Authorization")) {
+ if (!basic_auth_password_.empty() || !basic_auth_username_.empty()) {
+ req.headers.insert(make_basic_authentication_header(
+ basic_auth_username_, basic_auth_password_, false));
+ } else if (!bearer_token_auth_token_.empty()) {
+ req.headers.insert(make_bearer_token_authentication_header(
+ bearer_token_auth_token_, false));
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Proxy-Authorization is only sent when the proxy reads this message —
+ // otherwise NO_PROXY-matched requests, and requests inside a TLS tunnel,
+ // would leak proxy credentials to the destination server.
+ if (is_proxy_enabled_for_host(host_) && (!is_ssl() || is_connect)) {
+ if (!proxy_basic_auth_username_.empty() &&
+ !proxy_basic_auth_password_.empty() &&
+ !req.has_header("Proxy-Authorization")) {
+ req.headers.insert(make_basic_authentication_header(
+ proxy_basic_auth_username_, proxy_basic_auth_password_, true));
+ }
+ if (!proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_.empty() &&
+ !req.has_header("Proxy-Authorization")) {
+ req.headers.insert(make_bearer_token_authentication_header(
+ proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_, true));
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Request line and headers
+ {
+ detail::BufferStream bstrm;
+
+ // Extract the query from req.path. The encoding itself is delegated to
+ // `encode_request_target`; the raw query is still needed here to decide
+ // between populating `req.params` from it and falling back to building a
+ // query out of caller-supplied `req.params`.
+ auto query_pos = req.path.find('?');
+ auto query_part = query_pos == std::string::npos
+ ? std::string()
+ : req.path.substr(query_pos + 1);
+
+ auto path_with_query =
+ detail::encode_request_target(req.path, path_encode_);
+
+ if (!query_part.empty()) {
+ // The query already came in through `req.path`; still populate
+ // `req.params` for handlers/users who read them.
+ detail::parse_query_text(query_part, req.params);
+ } else if (!req.params.empty()) {
+ // No query in `req.path`; build one from `req.params` so existing
+ // callers that pass `Params` separately continue to work.
+ path_with_query = append_query_params(path_with_query, req.params);
+ }
+
+ // Write request line and headers
+ if (detail::write_request_line(bstrm, req.method, path_with_query) < 0) {
+ // A rejected target (e.g. CR/LF smuggled in via a decoded redirect
+ // Location under set_path_encode(false)) must fail the request cleanly
+ // instead of emitting a request-line-less, header-injecting request.
+ error = Error::Write;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (!detail::check_and_write_headers(bstrm, req.headers, header_writer_,
+ error)) {
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Flush buffer
+ auto &data = bstrm.get_buffer();
+ if (!detail::write_data(strm, data.data(), data.size())) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // After sending request line and headers, wait briefly for an early server
+ // response (e.g. 4xx) and avoid sending a potentially large request body
+ // unnecessarily. This workaround is only enabled on Windows because Unix
+ // platforms surface write errors (EPIPE) earlier; on Windows kernel send
+ // buffering can accept large writes even when the peer already responded.
+ // Check the stream first (which covers SSL via `is_readable()`), then
+ // fall back to select on the socket. Only perform the wait for very large
+ // request bodies to avoid interfering with normal small requests and
+ // reduce side-effects. Poll briefly (up to 50ms as default) for an early
+ // response. Skip this check when using Expect: 100-continue, as the protocol
+ // handles early responses properly.
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ if (!skip_body &&
+ req.body.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD &&
+ req.path.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH) {
+ auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+
+ for (;;) {
+ // Prefer socket-level readiness to avoid SSL_pending() false-positives
+ // from SSL internals. If the underlying socket is readable, assume an
+ // early response may be present.
+ auto sock = strm.socket();
+ if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET && detail::select_read(sock, 0, 0) > 0) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Fallback to stream-level check for non-socket streams or when the
+ // socket isn't reporting readable. Avoid using `is_readable()` for
+ // SSL, since `SSL_pending()` may report buffered records that do not
+ // indicate a complete application-level response yet.
+ if (!is_ssl() && strm.is_readable()) { return false; }
+
+ auto now = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+ auto elapsed =
+ std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(now - start)
+ .count();
+ if (elapsed >= CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MSECOND) {
+ break;
+ }
+
+ std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ // Body
+ if (skip_body) { return true; }
+
+ return write_request_body(strm, req, error);
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::write_request_body(Stream &strm, Request &req,
+ Error &error) {
+ if (req.body.empty()) {
+ return write_content_with_provider(strm, req, error);
+ }
+
+ if (req.upload_progress) {
+ auto body_size = req.body.size();
+ size_t written = 0;
+ auto data = req.body.data();
+
+ while (written < body_size) {
+ size_t to_write = (std::min)(CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_BUFSIZ, body_size - written);
+ if (!detail::write_data(strm, data + written, to_write)) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ written += to_write;
+
+ if (!req.upload_progress(written, body_size)) {
+ error = Error::Canceled;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (!detail::write_data(strm, req.body.data(), req.body.size())) {
+ error = Error::Write;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline std::unique_ptr<Response>
+ClientImpl::send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ Request &req, const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_without_length,
+ const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ Error &error) {
+ if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }
+
+ auto enc = compress_
+ ? detail::create_compressor()
+ : std::pair<std::unique_ptr<detail::compressor>, const char *>(
+ nullptr, nullptr);
+
+ if (enc.second) { req.set_header("Content-Encoding", enc.second); }
+
+ if (enc.first && !content_provider_without_length) {
+ auto &compressor = enc.first;
+
+ if (content_provider) {
+ auto ok = true;
+ auto finished = false;
+ size_t offset = 0;
+ DataSink data_sink;
+
+ data_sink.write = [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) -> bool {
+ if (ok) {
+ auto last = offset + data_len == content_length;
+
+ auto ret = compressor->compress(
+ data, data_len, last,
+ [&](const char *compressed_data, size_t compressed_data_len) {
+ req.body.append(compressed_data, compressed_data_len);
+ return true;
+ });
+
+ if (ret) {
+ offset += data_len;
+ } else {
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ }
+ return ok;
+ };
+
+ // As in detail::write_content_with_progress(): the body is framed by
+ // content_length, so a provider that finishes early has truncated it.
+ // Stop and report that instead of calling the provider forever.
+ data_sink.done = [&]() { finished = true; };
+
+ while (ok && !finished && offset < content_length) {
+ if (!content_provider(offset, content_length - offset, data_sink)) {
+ error = Error::Canceled;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // A short body here means either the provider stopped early or the
+ // compressor gave up. The branch below reports a failing compressor as
+ // Error::Compression, so keep the two distinguishable.
+ if (offset < content_length) {
+ error = ok ? Error::Write : Error::Compression;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (!compressor->compress(body, content_length, true,
+ [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
+ req.body.append(data, data_len);
+ return true;
+ })) {
+ error = Error::Compression;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (content_provider) {
+ req.content_length_ = content_length;
+ req.content_provider_ = std::move(content_provider);
+ req.is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
+ } else if (content_provider_without_length) {
+ req.content_length_ = 0;
+ req.content_provider_ = detail::ContentProviderAdapter(
+ std::move(content_provider_without_length));
+ req.is_chunked_content_provider_ = true;
+ req.set_header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");
+ } else {
+ req.body.assign(body, content_length);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (content_receiver) {
+ req.content_receiver =
+ [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
+ return content_receiver(data, data_length);
+ };
+ }
+
+ auto res = detail::make_unique<Response>();
+ return send(req, *res, error) ? std::move(res) : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ const std::string &method, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const char *body, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_without_length,
+ const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = method;
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.path = path;
+ req.upload_progress = std::move(progress);
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ auto error = Error::Success;
+
+ auto res = send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ req, body, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ std::move(content_provider_without_length), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), error);
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ return Result{std::move(res), error, std::move(req.headers), last_ssl_error_,
+ last_backend_error_};
+#else
+ return Result{std::move(res), error, std::move(req.headers)};
+#endif
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::output_log(const Request &req,
+ const Response &res) const {
+ if (logger_) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
+ logger_(req, res);
+ }
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::output_error_log(const Error &err,
+ const Request *req) const {
+ if (error_logger_) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
+ error_logger_(err, req);
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::process_request(Stream &strm, Request &req,
+ Response &res, bool close_connection,
+ Error &error) {
+ // Auto-add Expect: 100-continue for large bodies
+ if (CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_THRESHOLD > 0 && !req.has_header("Expect")) {
+ auto body_size = req.body.empty() ? req.content_length_ : req.body.size();
+ if (body_size >= CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_THRESHOLD) {
+ req.set_header("Expect", "100-continue");
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Check for Expect: 100-continue
+ auto expect_100_continue =
+ detail::has_header_token(req.headers, "Expect", "100-continue");
+
+ // Send request (skip body if using Expect: 100-continue)
+ auto write_request_success =
+ write_request(strm, req, close_connection, error, expect_100_continue);
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (is_ssl() && !expect_100_continue) {
+ auto is_proxy_enabled = is_proxy_enabled_for_host(host_);
+ if (!is_proxy_enabled) {
+ if (tls::is_peer_closed(socket_.ssl, socket_.sock)) {
+ error = Error::SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ // Handle Expect: 100-continue.
+ //
+ // Wait for an interim/early response by attempting to read the status line
+ // under a short timeout, instead of trusting raw socket readability. Over
+ // TLS, post-handshake records (e.g. session tickets) make the socket
+ // readable without any HTTP response being available; relying on
+ // `select_read` there caused the body to be withheld forever and the
+ // request to fail with `Read` (#2458). If no status line arrives within the
+ // timeout, send the body anyway (matching curl's behavior).
+ auto status_line_read = false;
+ if (expect_100_continue && write_request_success) {
+ if (CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND > 0) {
+ time_t sec = CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND / 1000;
+ time_t usec = (CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND % 1000) * 1000;
+ strm.set_read_timeout(sec, usec);
+ status_line_read = read_response_line(strm, req, res, false);
+ strm.set_read_timeout(read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_);
+ }
+
+ if (!status_line_read) {
+ // No interim response within the timeout: send the body and handle the
+ // response as usual.
+ if (!write_request_body(strm, req, error)) { return false; }
+ expect_100_continue = false; // Switch to normal response handling
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Receive response and headers
+ // When using Expect: 100-continue, don't auto-skip `100 Continue` response
+ if ((!status_line_read &&
+ !read_response_line(strm, req, res, !expect_100_continue)) ||
+ !detail::read_headers(strm, res.headers)) {
+ if (write_request_success) { error = Error::Read; }
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (!write_request_success) { return false; }
+
+ // Handle Expect: 100-continue response
+ if (expect_100_continue) {
+ if (res.status == StatusCode::Continue_100) {
+ // Server accepted, send the body
+ if (!write_request_body(strm, req, error)) { return false; }
+
+ // Read the actual response
+ res.headers.clear();
+ res.body.clear();
+ if (!read_response_line(strm, req, res) ||
+ !detail::read_headers(strm, res.headers)) {
+ error = Error::Read;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ // If not 100 Continue, server returned an error; proceed with that response
+ }
+
+ // Body
+ if ((res.status != StatusCode::NoContent_204) && req.method != "HEAD" &&
+ req.method != "CONNECT") {
+ // Reject ambiguous framing (RFC 9112 §6.3). Unlike a request, a response
+ // whose final transfer coding is not chunked is not ambiguous: its body
+ // runs until the server closes the connection, so it is not rejected.
+ // HEAD/204 are excluded above and a 304 carries no body.
+ if (res.status != StatusCode::NotModified_304 &&
+ detail::has_conflicting_content_length(res.headers)) {
+ error = Error::Read;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto redirect = 300 < res.status && res.status < 400 &&
+ res.status != StatusCode::NotModified_304 &&
+ follow_location_;
+
+ if (req.response_handler && !redirect) {
+ if (!req.response_handler(res)) {
+ error = Error::Canceled;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ auto out =
+ req.content_receiver
+ ? static_cast<ContentReceiverWithProgress>(
+ [&](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t off, size_t len) {
+ if (redirect) { return true; }
+ auto ret = req.content_receiver(buf, n, off, len);
+ if (!ret) {
+ error = Error::Canceled;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ }
+ return ret;
+ })
+ : static_cast<ContentReceiverWithProgress>(
+ [&](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t /*off*/,
+ size_t /*len*/) {
+ assert(res.body.size() + n <= res.body.max_size());
+ if (payload_max_length_ > 0 &&
+ (res.body.size() >= payload_max_length_ ||
+ n > payload_max_length_ - res.body.size())) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ res.body.append(buf, n);
+ return true;
+ });
+
+ auto progress = [&](size_t current, size_t total) {
+ if (!req.download_progress || redirect) { return true; }
+ auto ret = req.download_progress(current, total);
+ if (!ret) {
+ error = Error::Canceled;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ }
+ return ret;
+ };
+
+ if (res.has_header("Content-Length")) {
+ if (!req.content_receiver) {
+ auto len = res.get_header_value_u64("Content-Length");
+ if (len > res.body.max_size()) {
+ error = Error::Read;
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ // Cap the reservation by payload_max_length_ to avoid OOM when a
+ // hostile or malformed server sends an enormous Content-Length.
+ // The actual body read below is bounded by payload_max_length_,
+ // so reserving more than that is never useful.
+ auto reserve_len = static_cast<size_t>(len);
+ if (payload_max_length_ > 0 && reserve_len > payload_max_length_) {
+ reserve_len = payload_max_length_;
+ }
+ res.body.reserve(reserve_len);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (res.status != StatusCode::NotModified_304) {
+ auto content_status = 0;
+ auto max_length = (!has_payload_max_length_ && req.content_receiver)
+ ? (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()
+ : payload_max_length_;
+ if (!detail::read_content(strm, res, max_length, content_status,
+ std::move(progress), std::move(out),
+ decompress_)) {
+ if (error != Error::Canceled) {
+ // Tell the caller apart from a plain read failure when the body could
+ // not be decoded because of its Content-Encoding.
+ switch (content_status) {
+ case StatusCode::UnsupportedMediaType_415:
+ error = Error::UnsupportedContentEncoding;
+ break;
+ case StatusCode::InternalServerError_500:
+ error = Error::Compression;
+ break;
+ default: error = Error::Read; break;
+ }
+ }
+ output_error_log(error, &req);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Log
+ output_log(req, res);
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline ContentProviderWithoutLength ClientImpl::get_multipart_content_provider(
+ const std::string &boundary, const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items) const {
+ size_t cur_item = 0;
+ size_t cur_start = 0;
+ // cur_item and cur_start are copied to within the std::function and
+ // maintain state between successive calls
+ return [&, cur_item, cur_start](size_t offset,
+ DataSink &sink) mutable -> bool {
+ if (!offset && !items.empty()) {
+ sink.os << detail::serialize_multipart_formdata(items, boundary, false);
+ return true;
+ } else if (cur_item < provider_items.size()) {
+ if (!cur_start) {
+ const auto &begin = detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(
+ provider_items[cur_item], boundary);
+ offset += begin.size();
+ cur_start = offset;
+ sink.os << begin;
+ }
+
+ DataSink cur_sink;
+ auto has_data = true;
+ cur_sink.write = sink.write;
+ // Forward is_writable so a provider item asking whether it may keep
+ // going gets the outer sink's answer rather than the default `true`.
+ cur_sink.is_writable = sink.is_writable;
+ cur_sink.done = [&]() { has_data = false; };
+
+ if (!provider_items[cur_item].provider(offset - cur_start, cur_sink)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (!has_data) {
+ sink.os << detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end();
+ cur_item++;
+ cur_start = 0;
+ }
+ return true;
+ } else {
+ sink.os << detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary);
+ sink.done();
+ return true;
+ }
+ };
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::process_socket(
+ const Socket &socket,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ std::function<bool(Stream &strm)> callback) {
+ return detail::process_client_socket(
+ socket.sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
+ write_timeout_usec_, max_timeout_msec_, start_time, std::move(callback));
+}
+
+inline bool ClientImpl::is_ssl() const { return false; }
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Get(path, Headers(), std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Get(path, params, Headers(), std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ const Headers &headers,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ if (params.empty()) { return Get(path, headers); }
+
+ std::string path_with_query = append_query_params(path, params);
+ return Get(path_with_query, headers, std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "GET";
+ req.path = path;
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ return send_(std::move(req));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Get(path, Headers(), nullptr, std::move(content_receiver),
+ std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Get(path, headers, nullptr, std::move(content_receiver),
+ std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path,
+ ResponseHandler response_handler,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Get(path, Headers(), std::move(response_handler),
+ std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ResponseHandler response_handler,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "GET";
+ req.path = path;
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.response_handler = std::move(response_handler);
+ req.content_receiver =
+ [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
+ return content_receiver(data, data_length);
+ };
+ req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ return send_(std::move(req));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ const Headers &headers,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Get(path, params, headers, nullptr, std::move(content_receiver),
+ std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ const Headers &headers,
+ ResponseHandler response_handler,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ if (params.empty()) {
+ return Get(path, headers, std::move(response_handler),
+ std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+ }
+
+ std::string path_with_query = append_query_params(path, params);
+ return Get(path_with_query, headers, std::move(response_handler),
+ std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Head(const std::string &path) {
+ return Head(path, Headers());
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Head(const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "HEAD";
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.path = path;
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ return send_(std::move(req));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path) {
+ return Post(path, std::string(), std::string());
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers) {
+ return Post(path, headers, nullptr, 0, std::string());
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Post(path, Headers(), body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Post(path, Headers(), body, content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
+ return Post(path, Headers(), params);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Post(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Post(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Post(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Post(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const Params &params) {
+ auto query = detail::params_to_query_str(params);
+ return Post(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Post(path, Headers(), items, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
+ return Post(path, headers, content_length,
+ detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ if (!detail::is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(boundary)) {
+ return Result{nullptr, Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars};
+ }
+
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
+ return Post(path, headers, content_length,
+ detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "POST", path, headers, body, content_length, nullptr, nullptr,
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "POST", path, headers, body.data(), body.size(), nullptr, nullptr,
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "POST", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
+ std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "POST", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
+ std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "POST", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "POST", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "POST", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr,
+ get_multipart_content_provider(boundary, items, provider_items),
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "POST";
+ req.path = path;
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.body = body;
+ req.content_receiver =
+ [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
+ return content_receiver(data, data_length);
+ };
+ req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
+
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }
+
+ return send_(std::move(req));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path) {
+ return Put(path, std::string(), std::string());
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
+ return Put(path, headers, nullptr, 0, std::string());
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Put(path, Headers(), body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Put(path, Headers(), body, content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
+ return Put(path, Headers(), params);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Put(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Put(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Put(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Put(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const Params &params) {
+ auto query = detail::params_to_query_str(params);
+ return Put(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Put(path, Headers(), items, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
+ return Put(path, headers, content_length,
+ detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ if (!detail::is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(boundary)) {
+ return Result{nullptr, Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars};
+ }
+
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
+ return Put(path, headers, content_length,
+ detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PUT", path, headers, body, content_length, nullptr, nullptr,
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PUT", path, headers, body.data(), body.size(), nullptr, nullptr,
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
+ std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
+ std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr,
+ get_multipart_content_provider(boundary, items, provider_items),
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "PUT";
+ req.path = path;
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.body = body;
+ req.content_receiver =
+ [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
+ return content_receiver(data, data_length);
+ };
+ req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
+
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }
+
+ return send_(std::move(req));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path) {
+ return Patch(path, std::string(), std::string());
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Patch(path, headers, nullptr, 0, std::string(), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Patch(path, Headers(), body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Patch(path, Headers(), body, content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
+ return Patch(path, Headers(), params);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Patch(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Patch(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Patch(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Patch(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const Params &params) {
+ auto query = detail::params_to_query_str(params);
+ return Patch(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return Patch(path, Headers(), items, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
+ return Patch(path, headers, content_length,
+ detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ if (!detail::is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(boundary)) {
+ return Result{nullptr, Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars};
+ }
+
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
+ return Patch(path, headers, content_length,
+ detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PATCH", path, headers, body, content_length, nullptr, nullptr,
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PATCH", path, headers, body.data(), body.size(), nullptr, nullptr,
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
+ std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
+ std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
+ const auto &content_type =
+ detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
+ return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
+ "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr,
+ get_multipart_content_provider(boundary, items, provider_items),
+ content_type, nullptr, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "PATCH";
+ req.path = path;
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.body = body;
+ req.content_receiver =
+ [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
+ size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
+ return content_receiver(data, data_length);
+ };
+ req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
+
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }
+
+ return send_(std::move(req));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Delete(path, Headers(), std::string(), std::string(), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Delete(path, headers, std::string(), std::string(), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Delete(path, Headers(), body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Delete(path, Headers(), body.data(), body.size(), content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Delete(path, headers, body.data(), body.size(), content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return Delete(path, Headers(), params, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, const Params &params,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ auto query = detail::params_to_query_str(params);
+ return Delete(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+ progress);
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "DELETE";
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.path = path;
+ req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }
+ req.body.assign(body, content_length);
+
+ return send_(std::move(req));
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Options(const std::string &path) {
+ return Options(path, Headers());
+}
+
+inline Result ClientImpl::Options(const std::string &path,
+ const Headers &headers) {
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "OPTIONS";
+ req.headers = headers;
+ req.path = path;
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+
+ return send_(std::move(req));
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::stop() {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+
+ // If there is anything ongoing right now, the ONLY thread-safe thing we can
+ // do is to shutdown_socket, so that threads using this socket suddenly
+ // discover they can't read/write any more and error out. Everything else
+ // (closing the socket, shutting ssl down) is unsafe because these actions
+ // are not thread-safe.
+ if (socket_requests_in_flight_ > 0) {
+ shutdown_socket(socket_);
+
+ // Aside from that, we set a flag for the socket to be closed when we're
+ // done.
+ socket_should_be_closed_when_request_is_done_ = true;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ disconnect(/*gracefully=*/true);
+}
+
+inline std::string ClientImpl::host() const { return host_; }
+
+inline int ClientImpl::port() const { return port_; }
+
+inline size_t ClientImpl::is_socket_open() const {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+ return socket_.is_open();
+}
+
+inline socket_t ClientImpl::socket() const { return socket_.sock; }
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ connection_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ connection_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ write_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ write_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_max_timeout(time_t msec) {
+ max_timeout_msec_ = msec;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password) {
+ basic_auth_username_ = username;
+ basic_auth_password_ = password;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token) {
+ bearer_token_auth_token_ = token;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_keep_alive(bool on) { keep_alive_ = on; }
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_follow_location(bool on) { follow_location_ = on; }
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_path_encode(bool on) { path_encode_ = on; }
+
+inline void
+ClientImpl::set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map) {
+ addr_map_ = std::move(addr_map);
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_default_headers(Headers headers) {
+ default_headers_ = std::move(headers);
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_header_writer(
+ std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer) {
+ header_writer_ = writer;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_address_family(int family) {
+ address_family_ = family;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_tcp_nodelay(bool on) { tcp_nodelay_ = on; }
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_ipv6_v6only(bool on) { ipv6_v6only_ = on; }
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options) {
+ socket_options_ = std::move(socket_options);
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_compress(bool on) { compress_ = on; }
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_decompress(bool on) { decompress_ = on; }
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_payload_max_length(size_t length) {
+ payload_max_length_ = length;
+ has_payload_max_length_ = true;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_interface(const std::string &intf) {
+ interface_ = intf;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_proxy(const std::string &host, int port) {
+ proxy_host_ = host;
+ proxy_port_ = port;
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+ disconnect(/*gracefully=*/true);
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_proxy_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password) {
+ proxy_basic_auth_username_ = username;
+ proxy_basic_auth_password_ = password;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token) {
+ proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_ = token;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_no_proxy(const std::vector<std::string> &patterns) {
+ std::vector<detail::NoProxyEntry> parsed;
+ parsed.reserve(patterns.size());
+ for (const auto &p : patterns) {
+ auto trimmed = detail::trim_copy(p);
+ if (trimmed.empty()) { continue; }
+ detail::NoProxyEntry entry;
+ if (detail::parse_no_proxy_entry(trimmed, entry)) {
+ parsed.push_back(std::move(entry));
+ }
+ }
+ no_proxy_entries_ = std::move(parsed);
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
+ disconnect(/*gracefully=*/true);
+}
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+inline void ClientImpl::set_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password) {
+ digest_auth_username_ = username;
+ digest_auth_password_ = password;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
+ const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path) {
+ ca_cert_file_path_ = ca_cert_file_path;
+ ca_cert_dir_path_ = ca_cert_dir_path;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_proxy_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password) {
+ proxy_digest_auth_username_ = username;
+ proxy_digest_auth_password_ = password;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
+ server_certificate_verification_ = enabled;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled) {
+ server_hostname_verification_ = enabled;
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::enable_system_ca(bool enabled) {
+ system_ca_mode_ = enabled ? SystemCAMode::Enabled : SystemCAMode::Disabled;
+}
+#endif
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_logger(Logger logger) {
+ logger_ = std::move(logger);
+}
+
+inline void ClientImpl::set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger) {
+ error_logger_ = std::move(error_logger);
+}
+
+/*
+ * SSL/TLS Common Implementation
+ */
+
+inline ClientConnection::~ClientConnection() {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (session) {
+ tls::shutdown(session, true);
+ tls::free_session(session);
+ session = nullptr;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ detail::close_socket(sock);
+ sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+ }
+}
+
+// Universal client implementation
+inline Client::Client(const std::string &scheme_host_port)
+ : Client(scheme_host_port, std::string(), std::string()) {}
+
+inline Client::Client(const std::string &scheme_host_port,
+ const std::string &client_cert_path,
+ const std::string &client_key_path) {
+ detail::UrlComponents uc;
+ if (detail::parse_url(scheme_host_port, uc) && !uc.host.empty()) {
+ auto &scheme = uc.scheme;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (!scheme.empty() && (scheme != "http" && scheme != "https")) {
+#else
+ if (!scheme.empty() && scheme != "http") {
+#endif
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ std::string msg = "'" + scheme + "' scheme is not supported.";
+ throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
+#endif
+ return;
+ }
+
+ auto is_ssl = scheme == "https";
+
+ auto host = std::move(uc.host);
+
+ auto port = is_ssl ? 443 : 80;
+ if (!uc.port.empty() && !detail::parse_port(uc.port, port)) { return; }
+
+ if (is_ssl) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ cli_ = detail::make_unique<SSLClient>(host, port, client_cert_path,
+ client_key_path);
+ is_ssl_ = is_ssl;
+#endif
+ } else {
+ cli_ = detail::make_unique<ClientImpl>(host, port, client_cert_path,
+ client_key_path);
+ }
+ } else {
+ // NOTE: Update TEST(UniversalClientImplTest, Ipv6LiteralAddress)
+ // if port param below changes.
+ cli_ = detail::make_unique<ClientImpl>(scheme_host_port, 80,
+ client_cert_path, client_key_path);
+ }
+}
+
+inline Client::Client(const std::string &host, int port)
+ : Client(host, port, std::string(), std::string()) {}
+
+inline Client::Client(const std::string &host, int port,
+ const std::string &client_cert_path,
+ const std::string &client_key_path)
+ : cli_(detail::make_unique<ClientImpl>(host, port, client_cert_path,
+ client_key_path)) {}
+
+inline Client::~Client() = default;
+
+inline bool Client::is_valid() const {
+ return cli_ != nullptr && cli_->is_valid();
+}
+
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, headers, std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, headers, std::move(content_receiver),
+ std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path,
+ ResponseHandler response_handler,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, std::move(response_handler),
+ std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ResponseHandler response_handler,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, headers, std::move(response_handler),
+ std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, params, std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, params, headers, std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ const Headers &headers,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, params, headers, std::move(content_receiver),
+ std::move(progress));
+}
+inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ const Headers &headers,
+ ResponseHandler response_handler,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Get(path, params, headers, std::move(response_handler),
+ std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
+}
+
+inline Result Client::Head(const std::string &path) { return cli_->Head(path); }
+inline Result Client::Head(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
+ return cli_->Head(path, headers);
+}
+
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path) { return cli_->Post(path); }
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, body, content_length, content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, body, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, body, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, params);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const Params &params) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, params);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, items, boundary, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, items, provider_items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Post(path, headers, body, content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path) { return cli_->Put(path); }
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, body, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, body, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, params);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const Params &params) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, params);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, items, boundary, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, items, provider_items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Put(path, headers, body, content_type, content_receiver,
+ progress);
+}
+
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, body, content_length, content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, body, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, body, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ size_t content_length,
+ ContentProvider content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
+ content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
+ std::move(content_receiver), progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, params);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const Params &params) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, params);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const std::string &boundary,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, items, boundary, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const UploadFormDataItems &items,
+ const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
+ UploadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, items, provider_items, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Patch(path, headers, body, content_type, content_receiver,
+ progress);
+}
+
+inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Delete(path, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Delete(path, headers, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const char *body,
+ size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Delete(path, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const char *body, size_t content_length,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Delete(path, headers, body, content_length, content_type,
+ progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Delete(path, body, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body,
+ const std::string &content_type,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Delete(path, headers, body, content_type, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
+ DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Delete(path, params, progress);
+}
+inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
+ const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress) {
+ return cli_->Delete(path, headers, params, progress);
+}
+
+inline Result Client::Options(const std::string &path) {
+ return cli_->Options(path);
+}
+inline Result Client::Options(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
+ return cli_->Options(path, headers);
+}
+
+inline ClientImpl::StreamHandle
+Client::open_stream(const std::string &method, const std::string &path,
+ const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
+ const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type) {
+ return cli_->open_stream(method, path, params, headers, body, content_type);
+}
+
+inline bool Client::send(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error) {
+ return cli_->send(req, res, error);
+}
+
+inline Result Client::send(const Request &req) { return cli_->send(req); }
+
+inline void Client::stop() { cli_->stop(); }
+
+inline std::string Client::host() const { return cli_->host(); }
+
+inline int Client::port() const { return cli_->port(); }
+
+inline size_t Client::is_socket_open() const { return cli_->is_socket_open(); }
+
+inline socket_t Client::socket() const { return cli_->socket(); }
+
+inline void
+Client::set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map) {
+ cli_->set_hostname_addr_map(std::move(addr_map));
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_default_headers(Headers headers) {
+ cli_->set_default_headers(std::move(headers));
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_header_writer(
+ std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer) {
+ cli_->set_header_writer(writer);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_address_family(int family) {
+ cli_->set_address_family(family);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_tcp_nodelay(bool on) { cli_->set_tcp_nodelay(on); }
+
+inline void Client::set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options) {
+ cli_->set_socket_options(std::move(socket_options));
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ cli_->set_connection_timeout(sec, usec);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ cli_->set_read_timeout(sec, usec);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ cli_->set_write_timeout(sec, usec);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password) {
+ cli_->set_basic_auth(username, password);
+}
+inline void Client::set_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token) {
+ cli_->set_bearer_token_auth(token);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_keep_alive(bool on) { cli_->set_keep_alive(on); }
+inline void Client::set_follow_location(bool on) {
+ cli_->set_follow_location(on);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_path_encode(bool on) { cli_->set_path_encode(on); }
+
+inline void Client::set_compress(bool on) { cli_->set_compress(on); }
+
+inline void Client::set_decompress(bool on) { cli_->set_decompress(on); }
+
+inline void Client::set_payload_max_length(size_t length) {
+ cli_->set_payload_max_length(length);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_interface(const std::string &intf) {
+ cli_->set_interface(intf);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_proxy(const std::string &host, int port) {
+ cli_->set_proxy(host, port);
+}
+inline void Client::set_proxy_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password) {
+ cli_->set_proxy_basic_auth(username, password);
+}
+inline void Client::set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token) {
+ cli_->set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(token);
+}
+inline void Client::set_no_proxy(const std::vector<std::string> &patterns) {
+ cli_->set_no_proxy(patterns);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_logger(Logger logger) {
+ cli_->set_logger(std::move(logger));
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger) {
+ cli_->set_error_logger(std::move(error_logger));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Group 6: SSL Server and Client implementation
+ */
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+// SSL HTTP server implementation
+inline SSLServer::SSLServer(const char *cert_path, const char *private_key_path,
+ const char *client_ca_cert_file_path,
+ const char *client_ca_cert_dir_path,
+ const char *private_key_password) {
+ using namespace tls;
+
+ ctx_ = create_server_context();
+ if (!ctx_) { return; }
+
+ // Load server certificate and private key
+ if (!set_server_cert_file(ctx_, cert_path, private_key_path,
+ private_key_password)) {
+ last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
+ free_context(ctx_);
+ ctx_ = nullptr;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Load client CA certificates for client authentication
+ if (client_ca_cert_file_path || client_ca_cert_dir_path) {
+ if (!set_client_ca_file(ctx_, client_ca_cert_file_path,
+ client_ca_cert_dir_path)) {
+ last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
+ free_context(ctx_);
+ ctx_ = nullptr;
+ return;
+ }
+ // Enable client certificate verification
+ set_verify_client(ctx_, true);
+ }
+}
+
+inline SSLServer::SSLServer(const PemMemory &pem) {
+ using namespace tls;
+ ctx_ = create_server_context();
+ if (ctx_) {
+ if (!set_server_cert_pem(ctx_, pem.cert_pem, pem.key_pem,
+ pem.private_key_password)) {
+ last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
+ free_context(ctx_);
+ ctx_ = nullptr;
+ } else if (pem.client_ca_pem && pem.client_ca_pem_len > 0) {
+ if (!load_ca_pem(ctx_, pem.client_ca_pem, pem.client_ca_pem_len)) {
+ last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
+ free_context(ctx_);
+ ctx_ = nullptr;
+ } else {
+ set_verify_client(ctx_, true);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline SSLServer::SSLServer(const tls::ContextSetupCallback &setup_callback) {
+ using namespace tls;
+ ctx_ = create_server_context();
+ if (ctx_) {
+ if (!setup_callback(ctx_)) {
+ free_context(ctx_);
+ ctx_ = nullptr;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline SSLServer::~SSLServer() {
+ if (ctx_) { tls::free_context(ctx_); }
+}
+
+inline bool SSLServer::is_valid() const {
+ return ctx_ != nullptr && Server::is_valid();
+}
+
+inline bool SSLServer::process_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) {
+ using namespace tls;
+
+ // Create TLS session with mutex protection
+ session_t session = nullptr;
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
+ session = create_session(static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx_), sock);
+ }
+
+ if (!session) {
+ last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
+ detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
+ detail::close_socket(sock);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Use scope_exit to ensure cleanup on all paths (including exceptions)
+ bool handshake_done = false;
+ bool ret = false;
+ bool websocket_upgraded = false;
+ auto cleanup = detail::scope_exit([&] {
+ if (handshake_done) { shutdown(session, !websocket_upgraded && ret); }
+ free_session(session);
+ detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
+ detail::close_socket(sock);
+ });
+
+ // Perform TLS accept handshake with timeout
+ TlsError tls_err;
+ if (!accept_nonblocking(session, sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
+ &tls_err)) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+ // Map TlsError to legacy ssl_error for backward compatibility
+ if (tls_err.code == ErrorCode::WantRead) {
+ last_ssl_error_ = SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ;
+ } else if (tls_err.code == ErrorCode::WantWrite) {
+ last_ssl_error_ = SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE;
+ } else {
+ last_ssl_error_ = SSL_ERROR_SSL;
+ }
+#else
+ last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
+#endif
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ handshake_done = true;
+
+ std::string remote_addr;
+ int remote_port = 0;
+ detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock, remote_addr, remote_port);
+
+ std::string local_addr;
+ int local_port = 0;
+ detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock, local_addr, local_port);
+
+ ret = serve_guarded([&]() {
+ return detail::process_server_socket_ssl(
+ svr_sock_, session, sock, keep_alive_max_count_,
+ keep_alive_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_,
+ [&](Stream &strm, bool close_connection, bool &connection_closed) {
+ return process_request(
+ strm, remote_addr, remote_port, local_addr, local_port,
+ close_connection, connection_closed,
+ [&](Request &req) { req.ssl = session; }, &websocket_upgraded);
+ });
+ });
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool SSLServer::update_certs_pem(const char *cert_pem,
+ const char *key_pem,
+ const char *client_ca_pem,
+ const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx_) { return false; }
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
+ if (!tls::update_server_cert(ctx_, cert_pem, key_pem, password)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (client_ca_pem) {
+ return tls::update_server_client_ca(ctx_, client_ca_pem);
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+// SSL HTTP client implementation
+inline SSLClient::~SSLClient() {
+ // Make sure to shut down SSL since shutdown_ssl will resolve to the
+ // base function rather than the derived function once we get to the
+ // base class destructor, and won't free the SSL (causing a leak).
+ // This must happen before the context is freed below: some backends
+ // (e.g. mbedTLS) have the SSL session borrow a raw pointer into the
+ // context, so freeing the context first leaves close_notify reading
+ // freed memory.
+ shutdown_ssl_impl(socket_, true);
+ if (ctx_) {
+ tls::free_context(ctx_);
+ ctx_ = nullptr;
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::is_valid() const { return ctx_ != nullptr; }
+
+inline void SSLClient::shutdown_ssl(Socket &socket, bool shutdown_gracefully) {
+ shutdown_ssl_impl(socket, shutdown_gracefully);
+}
+
+inline void SSLClient::shutdown_ssl_impl(Socket &socket,
+ bool shutdown_gracefully) {
+ if (socket.sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ assert(socket.ssl == nullptr);
+ return;
+ }
+ if (socket.ssl) {
+ tls::shutdown(socket.ssl, shutdown_gracefully);
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
+ tls::free_session(socket.ssl);
+ }
+ socket.ssl = nullptr;
+ }
+ assert(socket.ssl == nullptr);
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::process_socket(
+ const Socket &socket,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ std::function<bool(Stream &strm)> callback) {
+ assert(socket.ssl);
+ return detail::process_client_socket_ssl(
+ socket.ssl, socket.sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_, max_timeout_msec_, start_time,
+ std::move(callback));
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::is_ssl() const { return true; }
+
+inline bool SSLClient::create_and_connect_socket(Socket &socket, Error &error) {
+ if (!is_valid()) {
+ error = Error::SSLConnection;
+ return false;
+ }
+ return ClientImpl::create_and_connect_socket(socket, error);
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::setup_proxy_connection(
+ Socket &socket,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ Response &res, bool &success, Error &error) {
+ if (!is_proxy_enabled_for_host(host_)) { return true; }
+
+ if (!connect_with_proxy(socket, start_time, res, success, error)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (!initialize_ssl(socket, error)) {
+ success = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+// Assumes that socket_mutex_ is locked and that there are no requests in
+// flight
+inline bool SSLClient::connect_with_proxy(
+ Socket &socket,
+ std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
+ Response &res, bool &success, Error &error) {
+ success = true;
+ Response proxy_res;
+ if (!detail::process_client_socket(
+ socket.sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_, max_timeout_msec_,
+ start_time, [&](Stream &strm) {
+ Request req2;
+ req2.method = "CONNECT";
+ req2.path =
+ detail::make_host_and_port_string_always_port(host_, port_);
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req2.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+ return process_request(strm, req2, proxy_res, false, error);
+ })) {
+ // Thread-safe to close everything because we are assuming there are no
+ // requests in flight
+ shutdown_ssl(socket, true);
+ shutdown_socket(socket);
+ close_socket(socket);
+ success = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (proxy_res.status == StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407) {
+ if (!proxy_digest_auth_username_.empty() &&
+ !proxy_digest_auth_password_.empty()) {
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> auth;
+ if (detail::parse_www_authenticate(proxy_res, auth, true)) {
+ // Close the current socket and create a new one for the authenticated
+ // request
+ shutdown_ssl(socket, true);
+ shutdown_socket(socket);
+ close_socket(socket);
+
+ // Create a new socket for the authenticated CONNECT request
+ if (!ensure_socket_connection(socket, error)) {
+ success = false;
+ output_error_log(error, nullptr);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ proxy_res = Response();
+ if (!detail::process_client_socket(
+ socket.sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_, max_timeout_msec_,
+ start_time, [&](Stream &strm) {
+ Request req3;
+ req3.method = "CONNECT";
+ req3.path = detail::make_host_and_port_string_always_port(
+ host_, port_);
+ req3.headers.insert(detail::make_digest_authentication_header(
+ req3, auth, 1, detail::random_string(10),
+ proxy_digest_auth_username_, proxy_digest_auth_password_,
+ true));
+ if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
+ req3.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+ }
+ return process_request(strm, req3, proxy_res, false, error);
+ })) {
+ // Thread-safe to close everything because we are assuming there are
+ // no requests in flight
+ shutdown_ssl(socket, true);
+ shutdown_socket(socket);
+ close_socket(socket);
+ success = false;
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // If status code is not 200, proxy request is failed.
+ // Set error to ProxyConnection and return proxy response
+ // as the response of the request
+ if (proxy_res.status != StatusCode::OK_200) {
+ error = Error::ProxyConnection;
+ output_error_log(error, nullptr);
+ res = std::move(proxy_res);
+ // Thread-safe to close everything because we are assuming there are
+ // no requests in flight
+ shutdown_ssl(socket, true);
+ shutdown_socket(socket);
+ close_socket(socket);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::ensure_socket_connection(Socket &socket, Error &error) {
+ if (!ClientImpl::ensure_socket_connection(socket, error)) { return false; }
+
+ if (is_proxy_enabled_for_host(host_)) { return true; }
+
+ if (!initialize_ssl(socket, error)) {
+ shutdown_socket(socket);
+ close_socket(socket);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+// SSL HTTP client implementation
+inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host)
+ : SSLClient(host, 443, std::string(), std::string()) {}
+
+inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port)
+ : SSLClient(host, port, std::string(), std::string()) {}
+
+inline void SSLClient::init_ctx() {
+ ctx_ = tls::create_client_context();
+ if (ctx_) { tls::set_min_version(ctx_, tls::Version::TLS1_2); }
+}
+
+inline void SSLClient::reset_ctx_on_error() {
+ last_backend_error_ = tls::get_error();
+ tls::free_context(ctx_);
+ ctx_ = nullptr;
+}
+
+inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port,
+ const std::string &client_cert_path,
+ const std::string &client_key_path,
+ const std::string &private_key_password)
+ : ClientImpl(host, port, client_cert_path, client_key_path) {
+ init_ctx();
+ if (!ctx_) { return; }
+
+ if (!client_cert_path.empty() && !client_key_path.empty()) {
+ const char *password =
+ private_key_password.empty() ? nullptr : private_key_password.c_str();
+ if (!tls::set_client_cert_file(ctx_, client_cert_path.c_str(),
+ client_key_path.c_str(), password)) {
+ reset_ctx_on_error();
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port,
+ const PemMemory &pem)
+ : ClientImpl(host, port) {
+ init_ctx();
+ if (!ctx_) { return; }
+
+ if (pem.cert_pem && pem.key_pem) {
+ if (!tls::set_client_cert_pem(ctx_, pem.cert_pem, pem.key_pem,
+ pem.private_key_password)) {
+ reset_ctx_on_error();
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline void SSLClient::set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store) {
+ if (ca_cert_store && ctx_) {
+ // set_ca_store takes ownership of ca_cert_store
+ tls::set_ca_store(ctx_, ca_cert_store);
+ ca_cert_store_set_ = true;
+ } else if (ca_cert_store) {
+ tls::free_ca_store(ca_cert_store);
+ }
+}
+
+inline void
+SSLClient::set_server_certificate_verifier(tls::VerifyCallback verifier) {
+ if (!ctx_) { return; }
+ tls::set_verify_callback(ctx_, verifier);
+}
+
+inline void SSLClient::set_session_verifier(
+ std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> verifier) {
+ session_verifier_ = std::move(verifier);
+}
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+inline void SSLClient::enable_windows_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
+ enable_windows_cert_verification_ = enabled;
+}
+#endif
+
+inline void SSLClient::load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert,
+ std::size_t size) {
+ if (ctx_ && ca_cert && size > 0) {
+ ca_cert_pem_.assign(ca_cert, size); // Store for redirect transfer
+ tls::load_ca_pem(ctx_, ca_cert, size);
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::load_certs() {
+ auto ret = true;
+
+ // call_once rather than the plain flag WebSocketClient::create_stream() uses:
+ // one client is shared across concurrent requests here.
+ std::call_once(initialize_cert_, [&]() {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
+
+ ret = detail::load_client_ca_config(
+ ctx_, ca_cert_file_path_, ca_cert_dir_path_,
+ !ca_cert_pem_.empty() || ca_cert_store_set_, system_ca_mode_,
+ last_backend_error_);
+ });
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::initialize_ssl(Socket &socket, Error &error) {
+ // Load CA certificates if server verification is enabled
+ if (server_certificate_verification_) {
+ if (!load_certs()) {
+ error = Error::SSLLoadingCerts;
+ output_error_log(error, nullptr);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ detail::ClientTlsSessionOptions options;
+ options.server_hostname_verification = server_hostname_verification_;
+ options.session_verifier = session_verifier_;
+ options.ctx_mutex = &ctx_mutex_;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+ // Skip Schannel when a custom CA cert is specified, as the Windows
+ // certificate store would not know about user-provided CA certificates.
+ // Also skip when system CA trust is explicitly disabled.
+ options.windows_cert_verification =
+ enable_windows_cert_verification_ &&
+ system_ca_mode_ != SystemCAMode::Disabled && ca_cert_file_path_.empty() &&
+ ca_cert_dir_path_.empty() && ca_cert_pem_.empty() && !ca_cert_store_set_;
+#endif
+
+ tls::session_t session = nullptr;
+
+ // Use scope_exit to ensure session is freed on error paths
+ bool success = false;
+ auto session_guard = detail::scope_exit([&] {
+ if (!success) { tls::free_session(session); }
+ });
+
+ detail::ClientTlsSessionError tls_error;
+ if (!detail::setup_client_tls_session(
+ host_, ctx_, session, socket.sock, server_certificate_verification_,
+ connection_timeout_sec_, connection_timeout_usec_, &tls_error,
+ options)) {
+ error = tls_error.error;
+ last_ssl_error_ = tls_error.ssl_error;
+ last_backend_error_ = tls_error.backend_error;
+ output_error_log(error, nullptr);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ success = true;
+ socket.ssl = session;
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password) {
+ cli_->set_digest_auth(username, password);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_proxy_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
+ const std::string &password) {
+ cli_->set_proxy_digest_auth(username, password);
+}
+
+inline void Client::enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
+ cli_->enable_server_certificate_verification(enabled);
+}
+
+inline void Client::enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled) {
+ cli_->enable_server_hostname_verification(enabled);
+}
+
+inline void Client::enable_system_ca(bool enabled) {
+ cli_->enable_system_ca(enabled);
+}
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
+inline void Client::enable_windows_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
+ if (is_ssl_) {
+ static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).enable_windows_certificate_verification(
+ enabled);
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+inline void Client::set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
+ const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path) {
+ cli_->set_ca_cert_path(ca_cert_file_path, ca_cert_dir_path);
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store) {
+ if (is_ssl_) {
+ static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).set_ca_cert_store(ca_cert_store);
+ } else if (ca_cert_store) {
+ tls::free_ca_store(ca_cert_store);
+ }
+}
+
+inline void Client::load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert, std::size_t size) {
+ if (is_ssl_) {
+ // Use the PEM-based path so the CA data is retained for redirect transfer
+ static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).load_ca_cert_store(ca_cert, size);
+ }
+}
+
+inline void
+Client::set_server_certificate_verifier(tls::VerifyCallback verifier) {
+ if (is_ssl_) {
+ static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).set_server_certificate_verifier(
+ std::move(verifier));
+ }
+}
+
+inline void Client::set_session_verifier(
+ std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> verifier) {
+ if (is_ssl_) {
+ static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).set_session_verifier(std::move(verifier));
+ }
+}
+
+inline tls::ctx_t Client::tls_context() const {
+ if (is_ssl_) { return static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).tls_context(); }
+ return nullptr;
+}
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+/*
+ * Group 7: TLS abstraction layer - Common API
+ */
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+namespace tls {
+
+// Helper for PeerCert construction
+inline PeerCert get_peer_cert_from_session(const_session_t session) {
+ return PeerCert(get_peer_cert(session));
+}
+
+namespace impl {
+
+inline VerifyCallback &get_verify_callback() {
+ static thread_local VerifyCallback callback;
+ return callback;
+}
+
+inline VerifyCallback &get_mbedtls_verify_callback() {
+ static thread_local VerifyCallback callback;
+ return callback;
+}
+
+// Check if a string is an IPv4 address
+inline bool is_ipv4_address(const std::string &str) {
+ int dots = 0;
+ for (char c : str) {
+ if (c == '.') {
+ dots++;
+ } else if (!detail::is_ascii_digit(c)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ return dots == 3;
+}
+
+// Parse IPv4 address string to bytes
+inline bool parse_ipv4(const std::string &str, unsigned char *out) {
+ const char *p = str.c_str();
+ for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+ if (i > 0) {
+ if (*p != '.') { return false; }
+ p++;
+ }
+ int val = 0;
+ int digits = 0;
+ while (detail::is_ascii_digit(*p)) {
+ val = val * 10 + (*p - '0');
+ if (val > 255) { return false; }
+ p++;
+ digits++;
+ }
+ if (digits == 0) { return false; }
+ // Reject leading zeros (e.g., "01.002.03.04") to prevent ambiguity
+ if (digits > 1 && *(p - digits) == '0') { return false; }
+ out[i] = static_cast<unsigned char>(val);
+ }
+ return *p == '\0';
+}
+
+// Parse an IP literal (IPv4 or IPv6) into raw network-order bytes.
+// `out` must have room for at least 16 bytes. Returns the address length
+// (4 for IPv4, 16 for IPv6) on success, or 0 if the string is not an IP
+// literal. Used to match a host against iPAddress SANs the same way the
+// OpenSSL backend does via X509_check_ip.
+inline size_t parse_ip_address(const std::string &str, unsigned char *out) {
+ if (is_ipv4_address(str)) { return parse_ipv4(str, out) ? 4 : 0; }
+ struct in6_addr addr6 = {};
+ if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, str.c_str(), &addr6) == 1) {
+ memcpy(out, &addr6, 16);
+ return 16;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+// Enumerate Windows system certificates and call callback with DER data
+template <typename Callback>
+inline bool enumerate_windows_system_certs(Callback cb) {
+ bool loaded = false;
+ static const wchar_t *store_names[] = {L"ROOT", L"CA"};
+ for (auto store_name : store_names) {
+ HCERTSTORE hStore = CertOpenSystemStoreW(0, store_name);
+ if (hStore) {
+ PCCERT_CONTEXT pContext = nullptr;
+ while ((pContext = CertEnumCertificatesInStore(hStore, pContext)) !=
+ nullptr) {
+ if (cb(pContext->pbCertEncoded, pContext->cbCertEncoded)) {
+ loaded = true;
+ }
+ }
+ CertCloseStore(hStore, 0);
+ }
+ }
+ return loaded;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
+// Enumerate macOS Keychain certificates and call callback with DER data
+template <typename Callback>
+inline bool enumerate_macos_keychain_certs(Callback cb) {
+ bool loaded = false;
+ const SecTrustSettingsDomain domains[] = {
+ kSecTrustSettingsDomainSystem,
+ kSecTrustSettingsDomainAdmin,
+ kSecTrustSettingsDomainUser,
+ };
+ for (auto domain : domains) {
+ CFArrayRef certs = nullptr;
+ OSStatus status = SecTrustSettingsCopyCertificates(domain, &certs);
+ if (status != errSecSuccess || !certs) {
+ if (certs) CFRelease(certs);
+ continue;
+ }
+ CFIndex count = CFArrayGetCount(certs);
+ for (CFIndex i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ SecCertificateRef cert =
+ (SecCertificateRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(certs, i);
+ CFDataRef data = SecCertificateCopyData(cert);
+ if (data) {
+ if (cb(CFDataGetBytePtr(data),
+ static_cast<size_t>(CFDataGetLength(data)))) {
+ loaded = true;
+ }
+ CFRelease(data);
+ }
+ }
+ CFRelease(certs);
+ }
+ return loaded;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !(defined(__APPLE__) && \
+ defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN))
+// Common CA certificate file paths on Linux/Unix
+inline const char **system_ca_paths() {
+ static const char *paths[] = {
+ "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt", // Debian/Ubuntu
+ "/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt", // RHEL/CentOS
+ "/etc/ssl/ca-bundle.pem", // OpenSUSE
+ "/etc/pki/tls/cacert.pem", // OpenELEC
+ "/etc/ssl/cert.pem", // Alpine, FreeBSD
+ nullptr};
+ return paths;
+}
+
+// Common CA certificate directory paths on Linux/Unix
+inline const char **system_ca_dirs() {
+ static const char *dirs[] = {"/etc/ssl/certs", // Debian/Ubuntu
+ "/etc/pki/tls/certs", // RHEL/CentOS
+ "/usr/share/ca-certificates", // Other
+ nullptr};
+ return dirs;
+}
+#endif
+
+} // namespace impl
+
+inline bool set_client_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_file,
+ const char *ca_dir) {
+ if (!ctx) { return false; }
+
+ bool success = true;
+ if (ca_file && *ca_file) {
+ if (!load_ca_file(ctx, ca_file)) { success = false; }
+ }
+ if (ca_dir && *ca_dir) {
+ if (!load_ca_dir(ctx, ca_dir)) { success = false; }
+ }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+ // Set CA list for client certificate request (CertificateRequest message)
+ if (ca_file && *ca_file) {
+ auto list = SSL_load_client_CA_file(ca_file);
+ if (list) { SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx), list); }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return success;
+}
+
+inline bool set_server_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
+ const char *password) {
+ return set_client_cert_pem(ctx, cert, key, password);
+}
+
+inline bool set_server_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
+ const char *key_path, const char *password) {
+ return set_client_cert_file(ctx, cert_path, key_path, password);
+}
+
+// PeerCert implementation
+inline PeerCert::PeerCert() = default;
+
+inline PeerCert::PeerCert(cert_t cert) : cert_(cert) {}
+
+inline PeerCert::PeerCert(PeerCert &&other) noexcept : cert_(other.cert_) {
+ other.cert_ = nullptr;
+}
+
+inline PeerCert &PeerCert::operator=(PeerCert &&other) noexcept {
+ if (this != &other) {
+ if (cert_) { free_cert(cert_); }
+ cert_ = other.cert_;
+ other.cert_ = nullptr;
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline PeerCert::~PeerCert() {
+ if (cert_) { free_cert(cert_); }
+}
+
+inline PeerCert::operator bool() const { return cert_ != nullptr; }
+
+inline std::string PeerCert::subject_cn() const {
+ return cert_ ? get_cert_subject_cn(cert_) : std::string();
+}
+
+inline std::string PeerCert::issuer_name() const {
+ return cert_ ? get_cert_issuer_name(cert_) : std::string();
+}
+
+inline bool PeerCert::check_hostname(const char *hostname) const {
+ return cert_ ? verify_hostname(cert_, hostname) : false;
+}
+
+inline std::vector<SanEntry> PeerCert::sans() const {
+ std::vector<SanEntry> result;
+ if (cert_) { get_cert_sans(cert_, result); }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool PeerCert::validity(time_t &not_before, time_t &not_after) const {
+ return cert_ ? get_cert_validity(cert_, not_before, not_after) : false;
+}
+
+inline std::string PeerCert::serial() const {
+ return cert_ ? get_cert_serial(cert_) : std::string();
+}
+
+// VerifyContext method implementations
+inline std::string VerifyContext::subject_cn() const {
+ return cert ? get_cert_subject_cn(cert) : std::string();
+}
+
+inline std::string VerifyContext::issuer_name() const {
+ return cert ? get_cert_issuer_name(cert) : std::string();
+}
+
+inline bool VerifyContext::check_hostname(const char *hostname) const {
+ return cert ? verify_hostname(cert, hostname) : false;
+}
+
+inline std::vector<SanEntry> VerifyContext::sans() const {
+ std::vector<SanEntry> result;
+ if (cert) { get_cert_sans(cert, result); }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool VerifyContext::validity(time_t &not_before,
+ time_t &not_after) const {
+ return cert ? get_cert_validity(cert, not_before, not_after) : false;
+}
+
+inline std::string VerifyContext::serial() const {
+ return cert ? get_cert_serial(cert) : std::string();
+}
+
+// TlsError static method implementation
+inline std::string TlsError::verify_error_to_string(long error_code) {
+ return verify_error_string(error_code);
+}
+
+} // namespace tls
+
+// Request::peer_cert() implementation
+inline tls::PeerCert Request::peer_cert() const {
+ return tls::get_peer_cert_from_session(ssl);
+}
+
+// Request::sni() implementation
+inline std::string Request::sni() const {
+ if (!ssl) { return std::string(); }
+ const char *s = tls::get_sni(ssl);
+ return s ? std::string(s) : std::string();
+}
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+/*
+ * Group 8: TLS abstraction layer - OpenSSL backend
+ */
+
+/*
+ * OpenSSL Backend Implementation
+ */
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+namespace tls {
+
+namespace impl {
+
+// Helper to map OpenSSL SSL_get_error to ErrorCode
+inline ErrorCode map_ssl_error(int ssl_error, int &out_errno) {
+ switch (ssl_error) {
+ case SSL_ERROR_NONE: return ErrorCode::Success;
+ case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ: return ErrorCode::WantRead;
+ case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE: return ErrorCode::WantWrite;
+ case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN: return ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
+ case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL: out_errno = errno; return ErrorCode::SyscallError;
+ case SSL_ERROR_SSL:
+ default: return ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ }
+}
+
+// Helper: Create client CA list from PEM string
+// Returns a new STACK_OF(X509_NAME)* or nullptr on failure
+// Caller takes ownership of returned list
+inline STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *
+ create_client_ca_list_from_pem(const char *ca_pem) {
+ if (!ca_pem) { return nullptr; }
+
+ auto ca_list = sk_X509_NAME_new_null();
+ if (!ca_list) { return nullptr; }
+
+ BIO *bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(ca_pem, -1);
+ if (!bio) {
+ sk_X509_NAME_pop_free(ca_list, X509_NAME_free);
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ X509 *cert = nullptr;
+ while ((cert = PEM_read_bio_X509(bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr)) !=
+ nullptr) {
+ const X509_NAME *name = X509_get_subject_name(cert);
+ if (name) {
+ sk_X509_NAME_push(ca_list, X509_NAME_dup(const_cast<X509_NAME *>(name)));
+ }
+ X509_free(cert);
+ }
+ BIO_free(bio);
+
+ return ca_list;
+}
+
+// OpenSSL verify callback wrapper
+inline int openssl_verify_callback(int preverify_ok, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx) {
+ auto &callback = get_verify_callback();
+ if (!callback) { return preverify_ok; }
+
+ // Get SSL object from X509_STORE_CTX
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(
+ X509_STORE_CTX_get_ex_data(ctx, SSL_get_ex_data_X509_STORE_CTX_idx()));
+ if (!ssl) { return preverify_ok; }
+
+ // Get current certificate and depth
+ auto cert = X509_STORE_CTX_get_current_cert(ctx);
+ int depth = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error_depth(ctx);
+ int error = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(ctx);
+
+ // Build context
+ VerifyContext verify_ctx;
+ verify_ctx.session = static_cast<session_t>(ssl);
+ verify_ctx.cert = static_cast<cert_t>(cert);
+ verify_ctx.depth = depth;
+ verify_ctx.preverify_ok = (preverify_ok != 0);
+ verify_ctx.error_code = error;
+ verify_ctx.error_string =
+ (error != X509_V_OK) ? X509_verify_cert_error_string(error) : nullptr;
+
+ return callback(verify_ctx) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+// X509_STORE_get0_objects is deprecated since OpenSSL 4.0 because it is not
+// thread-safe; X509_STORE_get1_objects (OpenSSL 3.3+) returns a snapshot
+// that must be released with release_store_objects
+#if !defined(OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL) && !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && \
+ OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30300000L
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_HAS_X509_STORE_GET1_OBJECTS
+#endif
+
+inline STACK_OF(X509_OBJECT) * get_store_objects(X509_STORE *store) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_HAS_X509_STORE_GET1_OBJECTS
+ return X509_STORE_get1_objects(store);
+#else
+ return X509_STORE_get0_objects(store);
+#endif
+}
+
+inline void release_store_objects(STACK_OF(X509_OBJECT) * objs) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_HAS_X509_STORE_GET1_OBJECTS
+ sk_X509_OBJECT_pop_free(objs, X509_OBJECT_free);
+#else
+ (void)objs; // get0 variant returns an internal pointer; nothing to free
+#endif
+}
+
+} // namespace impl
+
+inline ctx_t create_client_context() {
+ SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_client_method());
+ if (ctx) {
+ // Disable auto-retry to properly handle non-blocking I/O
+ SSL_CTX_clear_mode(ctx, SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);
+ // Set minimum TLS version
+ SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx, TLS1_2_VERSION);
+ }
+ return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
+}
+
+inline void free_context(ctx_t ctx) {
+ if (ctx) { SSL_CTX_free(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx)); }
+}
+
+inline bool set_min_version(ctx_t ctx, Version version) {
+ if (!ctx) return false;
+ return SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx),
+ static_cast<int>(version)) == 1;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *pem, size_t len) {
+ if (!ctx || !pem || len == 0) return false;
+
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+ auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
+ if (!store) return false;
+
+ auto bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(pem, static_cast<int>(len));
+ if (!bio) return false;
+
+ bool ok = true;
+ X509 *cert = nullptr;
+ while ((cert = PEM_read_bio_X509(bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr)) !=
+ nullptr) {
+ if (X509_STORE_add_cert(store, cert) != 1) {
+ // Ignore duplicate errors
+ auto err = ERR_peek_last_error();
+ if (ERR_GET_REASON(err) != X509_R_CERT_ALREADY_IN_HASH_TABLE) {
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ }
+ X509_free(cert);
+ if (!ok) break;
+ }
+ BIO_free(bio);
+
+ // Clear any "no more certificates" errors
+ ERR_clear_error();
+ return ok;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *file_path) {
+ if (!ctx || !file_path) return false;
+ return SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx), file_path,
+ nullptr) == 1;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_dir(ctx_t ctx, const char *dir_path) {
+ if (!ctx || !dir_path) return false;
+ return SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx), nullptr,
+ dir_path) == 1;
+}
+
+inline bool load_system_certs(ctx_t ctx) {
+ if (!ctx) return false;
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ // Windows: Load from system certificate store (ROOT and CA)
+ auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
+ if (!store) return false;
+
+ bool loaded_any = false;
+ static const wchar_t *store_names[] = {L"ROOT", L"CA"};
+ for (auto store_name : store_names) {
+ auto hStore = CertOpenSystemStoreW(NULL, store_name);
+ if (!hStore) continue;
+
+ PCCERT_CONTEXT pContext = nullptr;
+ while ((pContext = CertEnumCertificatesInStore(hStore, pContext)) !=
+ nullptr) {
+ const unsigned char *data = pContext->pbCertEncoded;
+ auto x509 = d2i_X509(nullptr, &data, pContext->cbCertEncoded);
+ if (x509) {
+ if (X509_STORE_add_cert(store, x509) == 1) { loaded_any = true; }
+ X509_free(x509);
+ }
+ }
+ CertCloseStore(hStore, 0);
+ }
+ return loaded_any;
+
+#elif defined(__APPLE__)
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
+ // macOS: Load from Keychain
+ auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
+ if (!store) return false;
+
+ bool loaded_any = false;
+ const SecTrustSettingsDomain domains[] = {
+ kSecTrustSettingsDomainSystem,
+ kSecTrustSettingsDomainAdmin,
+ kSecTrustSettingsDomainUser,
+ };
+ for (auto domain : domains) {
+ CFArrayRef certs = nullptr;
+ if (SecTrustSettingsCopyCertificates(domain, &certs) != errSecSuccess ||
+ !certs) {
+ if (certs) CFRelease(certs);
+ continue;
+ }
+ auto count = CFArrayGetCount(certs);
+ for (CFIndex i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ auto cert = reinterpret_cast<SecCertificateRef>(
+ const_cast<void *>(CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(certs, i)));
+ CFDataRef der = SecCertificateCopyData(cert);
+ if (der) {
+ const unsigned char *data = CFDataGetBytePtr(der);
+ auto x509 = d2i_X509(nullptr, &data, CFDataGetLength(der));
+ if (x509) {
+ if (X509_STORE_add_cert(store, x509) == 1) { loaded_any = true; }
+ X509_free(x509);
+ }
+ CFRelease(der);
+ }
+ }
+ CFRelease(certs);
+ }
+ return loaded_any || SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ssl_ctx) == 1;
+#else
+ return SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ssl_ctx) == 1;
+#endif
+
+#else
+ // Other Unix: use default verify paths
+ return SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ssl_ctx) == 1;
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool set_client_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
+ const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert || !key) return false;
+
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+
+ // Load certificate
+ auto cert_bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(cert, -1);
+ if (!cert_bio) return false;
+
+ auto x509 = PEM_read_bio_X509(cert_bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+ BIO_free(cert_bio);
+ if (!x509) return false;
+
+ auto cert_ok = SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ssl_ctx, x509) == 1;
+ X509_free(x509);
+ if (!cert_ok) return false;
+
+ // Load private key
+ auto key_bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(key, -1);
+ if (!key_bio) return false;
+
+ auto pkey = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key_bio, nullptr, nullptr,
+ password ? const_cast<char *>(password)
+ : nullptr);
+ BIO_free(key_bio);
+ if (!pkey) return false;
+
+ auto key_ok = SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(ssl_ctx, pkey) == 1;
+ EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
+
+ return key_ok && SSL_CTX_check_private_key(ssl_ctx) == 1;
+}
+
+inline bool set_client_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
+ const char *key_path, const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert_path || !key_path) return false;
+
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+
+ if (password && password[0] != '\0') {
+ SSL_CTX_set_default_passwd_cb_userdata(
+ ssl_ctx, reinterpret_cast<void *>(const_cast<char *>(password)));
+ }
+
+ return SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(ssl_ctx, cert_path) == 1 &&
+ SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ssl_ctx, key_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) == 1;
+}
+
+inline ctx_t create_server_context() {
+ SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_server_method());
+ if (ctx) {
+ SSL_CTX_set_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION |
+ SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION);
+ SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx, TLS1_2_VERSION);
+ }
+ return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
+}
+
+inline void set_verify_client(ctx_t ctx, bool require) {
+ if (!ctx) return;
+ SSL_CTX_set_verify(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx),
+ require
+ ? (SSL_VERIFY_PEER | SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT)
+ : SSL_VERIFY_NONE,
+ nullptr);
+}
+
+inline session_t create_session(ctx_t ctx, socket_t sock) {
+ if (!ctx || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) return nullptr;
+
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+ SSL *ssl = SSL_new(ssl_ctx);
+ if (!ssl) return nullptr;
+
+ // Disable auto-retry for proper non-blocking I/O handling
+ SSL_clear_mode(ssl, SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);
+
+ auto bio = BIO_new_socket(static_cast<int>(sock), BIO_NOCLOSE);
+ if (!bio) {
+ SSL_free(ssl);
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ SSL_set_bio(ssl, bio, bio);
+ return static_cast<session_t>(ssl);
+}
+
+inline void free_session(session_t session) {
+ if (session) { SSL_free(static_cast<SSL *>(session)); }
+}
+
+inline bool set_sni(session_t session, const char *hostname,
+ bool /*verify_hostname*/) {
+ if (!session || !hostname) return false;
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+
+ // Set SNI (Server Name Indication) only - does not enable verification.
+ // OpenSSL never binds identity checking to SNI (that happens post-
+ // handshake in setup_client_tls_session()), so verify_hostname is unused.
+#if defined(OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL)
+ return SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(ssl, hostname) == 1;
+#else
+ // Direct call instead of macro to suppress -Wold-style-cast warning
+ return SSL_ctrl(ssl, SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME, TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name,
+ static_cast<void *>(const_cast<char *>(hostname))) == 1;
+#endif
+}
+
+inline TlsError connect(session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return TlsError(); }
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+ auto ret = SSL_connect(ssl);
+
+ TlsError err;
+ if (ret == 1) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ } else {
+ auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
+ err.code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err.sys_errno);
+ err.backend_code = ERR_get_error();
+ }
+ return err;
+}
+
+inline TlsError accept(session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return TlsError(); }
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+ auto ret = SSL_accept(ssl);
+
+ TlsError err;
+ if (ret == 1) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ } else {
+ auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
+ err.code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err.sys_errno);
+ err.backend_code = ERR_get_error();
+ }
+ return err;
+}
+
+inline bool connect_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
+ time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
+ TlsError *err) {
+ if (!session) {
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+ auto bio = SSL_get_rbio(ssl);
+
+ // Set non-blocking mode for handshake
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+ if (bio) { BIO_set_nbio(bio, 1); }
+
+ auto cleanup = detail::scope_exit([&]() {
+ // Restore blocking mode after handshake
+ if (bio) { BIO_set_nbio(bio, 0); }
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false);
+ });
+
+ auto res = 0;
+ while ((res = SSL_connect(ssl)) != 1) {
+ auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, res);
+ switch (ssl_err) {
+ case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
+ if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ break;
+ case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
+ if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ break;
+ default: break;
+ }
+ if (err) {
+ err->code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err->sys_errno);
+ err->backend_code = ERR_get_error();
+ }
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool accept_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
+ time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
+ TlsError *err) {
+ if (!session) {
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+ auto bio = SSL_get_rbio(ssl);
+
+ // Set non-blocking mode for handshake
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+ if (bio) { BIO_set_nbio(bio, 1); }
+
+ auto cleanup = detail::scope_exit([&]() {
+ // Restore blocking mode after handshake
+ if (bio) { BIO_set_nbio(bio, 0); }
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false);
+ });
+
+ auto res = 0;
+ while ((res = SSL_accept(ssl)) != 1) {
+ auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, res);
+ switch (ssl_err) {
+ case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
+ if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ break;
+ case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
+ if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ break;
+ default: break;
+ }
+ if (err) {
+ err->code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err->sys_errno);
+ err->backend_code = ERR_get_error();
+ }
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t read(session_t session, void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err) {
+ if (!session || !buf) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+ constexpr auto max_len =
+ static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<int>::max)());
+ if (len > max_len) { len = max_len; }
+ auto ret = SSL_read(ssl, buf, static_cast<int>(len));
+
+ if (ret > 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
+ err.code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err.sys_errno);
+ if (err.code == ErrorCode::PeerClosed) {
+ return 0;
+ } // Gracefully handle the peer closed state.
+ if (err.code == ErrorCode::Fatal) { err.backend_code = ERR_get_error(); }
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t write(session_t session, const void *buf, size_t len,
+ TlsError &err) {
+ if (!session || !buf) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+ auto ret = SSL_write(ssl, buf, static_cast<int>(len));
+
+ if (ret > 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
+ err.code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err.sys_errno);
+ if (err.code == ErrorCode::Fatal) { err.backend_code = ERR_get_error(); }
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline int pending(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) return 0;
+ return SSL_pending(static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session)));
+}
+
+inline void shutdown(session_t session, bool graceful) {
+ if (!session) return;
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+ if (graceful) {
+ // First call sends close_notify
+ if (SSL_shutdown(ssl) == 0) {
+ // Second call waits for peer's close_notify
+ SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool is_peer_closed(session_t session, socket_t sock) {
+ if (!session) return true;
+
+ // Temporarily set socket to non-blocking to avoid blocking on SSL_peek
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });
+
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
+ char buf;
+ auto ret = SSL_peek(ssl, &buf, 1);
+ if (ret > 0) return false;
+
+ auto err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
+ return err == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN;
+}
+
+inline cert_t get_peer_cert(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) return nullptr;
+ return static_cast<cert_t>(SSL_get1_peer_certificate(
+ static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session))));
+}
+
+inline void free_cert(cert_t cert) {
+ if (cert) { X509_free(static_cast<X509 *>(cert)); }
+}
+
+inline bool verify_hostname(cert_t cert, const char *hostname) {
+ if (!cert || !hostname) return false;
+
+ auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
+
+ // Use X509_check_ip_asc for IP addresses, X509_check_host for DNS names
+ if (detail::is_ip_address(hostname)) {
+ return X509_check_ip_asc(x509, hostname, 0) == 1;
+ }
+ return X509_check_host(x509, hostname, strlen(hostname), 0, nullptr) == 1;
+}
+
+inline uint64_t hostname_mismatch_code() {
+ return static_cast<uint64_t>(X509_V_ERR_HOSTNAME_MISMATCH);
+}
+
+inline long get_verify_result(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) return X509_V_ERR_UNSPECIFIED;
+ return SSL_get_verify_result(static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session)));
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_subject_cn(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
+ auto subject_name = X509_get_subject_name(x509);
+ if (!subject_name) return "";
+
+ // X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID is deprecated since OpenSSL 4.0
+ auto idx = X509_NAME_get_index_by_NID(subject_name, NID_commonName, -1);
+ if (idx < 0) return "";
+
+ auto entry = X509_NAME_get_entry(subject_name, idx);
+ if (!entry) return "";
+
+ auto data = X509_NAME_ENTRY_get_data(entry);
+ if (!data) return "";
+
+ return std::string(
+ reinterpret_cast<const char *>(ASN1_STRING_get0_data(data)),
+ static_cast<size_t>(ASN1_STRING_length(data)));
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_issuer_name(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
+ auto issuer_name = X509_get_issuer_name(x509);
+ if (!issuer_name) return "";
+
+ char buf[256];
+ X509_NAME_oneline(issuer_name, buf, sizeof(buf));
+ return std::string(buf);
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_sans(cert_t cert, std::vector<SanEntry> &sans) {
+ sans.clear();
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
+
+ auto names = static_cast<GENERAL_NAMES *>(
+ X509_get_ext_d2i(x509, NID_subject_alt_name, nullptr, nullptr));
+ if (!names) return true; // No SANs is valid
+
+ auto count = sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(names);
+ for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ auto gen = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(names, i);
+ if (!gen) continue;
+
+ SanEntry entry;
+ switch (gen->type) {
+ case GEN_DNS:
+ entry.type = SanType::DNS;
+ if (gen->d.dNSName) {
+ entry.value = std::string(
+ reinterpret_cast<const char *>(
+ ASN1_STRING_get0_data(gen->d.dNSName)),
+ static_cast<size_t>(ASN1_STRING_length(gen->d.dNSName)));
+ }
+ break;
+ case GEN_IPADD:
+ entry.type = SanType::IP;
+ if (gen->d.iPAddress) {
+ auto data = ASN1_STRING_get0_data(gen->d.iPAddress);
+ auto len = ASN1_STRING_length(gen->d.iPAddress);
+ if (len == 4) {
+ // IPv4
+ char buf[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
+ inet_ntop(AF_INET, data, buf, sizeof(buf));
+ entry.value = buf;
+ } else if (len == 16) {
+ // IPv6
+ char buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+ inet_ntop(AF_INET6, data, buf, sizeof(buf));
+ entry.value = buf;
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ case GEN_EMAIL:
+ entry.type = SanType::EMAIL;
+ if (gen->d.rfc822Name) {
+ entry.value = std::string(
+ reinterpret_cast<const char *>(
+ ASN1_STRING_get0_data(gen->d.rfc822Name)),
+ static_cast<size_t>(ASN1_STRING_length(gen->d.rfc822Name)));
+ }
+ break;
+ case GEN_URI:
+ entry.type = SanType::URI;
+ if (gen->d.uniformResourceIdentifier) {
+ entry.value = std::string(
+ reinterpret_cast<const char *>(
+ ASN1_STRING_get0_data(gen->d.uniformResourceIdentifier)),
+ static_cast<size_t>(
+ ASN1_STRING_length(gen->d.uniformResourceIdentifier)));
+ }
+ break;
+ default: entry.type = SanType::OTHER; break;
+ }
+
+ if (!entry.value.empty()) { sans.push_back(std::move(entry)); }
+ }
+
+ GENERAL_NAMES_free(names);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_validity(cert_t cert, time_t &not_before,
+ time_t &not_after) {
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
+
+ auto nb = X509_get0_notBefore(x509);
+ auto na = X509_get0_notAfter(x509);
+ if (!nb || !na) return false;
+
+ ASN1_TIME *epoch = ASN1_TIME_new();
+ if (!epoch) return false;
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { ASN1_TIME_free(epoch); });
+
+ if (!ASN1_TIME_set(epoch, 0)) return false;
+
+ int pday, psec;
+
+ if (!ASN1_TIME_diff(&pday, &psec, epoch, nb)) return false;
+ not_before = 86400 * (time_t)pday + psec;
+
+ if (!ASN1_TIME_diff(&pday, &psec, epoch, na)) return false;
+ not_after = 86400 * (time_t)pday + psec;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_serial(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
+
+ auto serial = X509_get_serialNumber(x509);
+ if (!serial) return "";
+
+ auto bn = ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(serial, nullptr);
+ if (!bn) return "";
+
+ auto hex = BN_bn2hex(bn);
+ BN_free(bn);
+ if (!hex) return "";
+
+ std::string result(hex);
+ OPENSSL_free(hex);
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_der(cert_t cert, std::vector<unsigned char> &der) {
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
+ auto len = i2d_X509(x509, nullptr);
+ if (len < 0) return false;
+ der.resize(static_cast<size_t>(len));
+ auto p = der.data();
+ i2d_X509(x509, &p);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline const char *get_sni(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) return nullptr;
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+ return SSL_get_servername(ssl, TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name);
+}
+
+inline uint64_t peek_error() { return ERR_peek_last_error(); }
+
+inline uint64_t get_error() { return ERR_get_error(); }
+
+inline std::string error_string(uint64_t code) {
+ char buf[256];
+ ERR_error_string_n(static_cast<unsigned long>(code), buf, sizeof(buf));
+ return std::string(buf);
+}
+
+inline ca_store_t create_ca_store(const char *pem, size_t len) {
+ auto mem = BIO_new_mem_buf(pem, static_cast<int>(len));
+ if (!mem) { return nullptr; }
+ auto mem_guard = detail::scope_exit([&] { BIO_free_all(mem); });
+
+ auto inf = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(mem, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+ if (!inf) { return nullptr; }
+
+ auto store = X509_STORE_new();
+ if (store) {
+ for (auto i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(sk_X509_INFO_num(inf)); i++) {
+ auto itmp = sk_X509_INFO_value(inf, i);
+ if (!itmp) { continue; }
+ if (itmp->x509) { X509_STORE_add_cert(store, itmp->x509); }
+ if (itmp->crl) { X509_STORE_add_crl(store, itmp->crl); }
+ }
+ }
+
+ sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(inf, X509_INFO_free);
+ return static_cast<ca_store_t>(store);
+}
+
+inline void free_ca_store(ca_store_t store) {
+ if (store) { X509_STORE_free(static_cast<X509_STORE *>(store)); }
+}
+
+inline bool set_ca_store(ctx_t ctx, ca_store_t store) {
+ if (!ctx || !store) { return false; }
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+ auto x509_store = static_cast<X509_STORE *>(store);
+
+ // Check if same store is already set
+ if (SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx) == x509_store) { return true; }
+
+ // SSL_CTX_set_cert_store takes ownership and frees the old store
+ SSL_CTX_set_cert_store(ssl_ctx, x509_store);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline size_t get_ca_certs(ctx_t ctx, std::vector<cert_t> &certs) {
+ certs.clear();
+ if (!ctx) { return 0; }
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+
+ auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
+ if (!store) { return 0; }
+
+ auto objs = impl::get_store_objects(store);
+ if (!objs) { return 0; }
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { impl::release_store_objects(objs); });
+
+ auto count = sk_X509_OBJECT_num(objs);
+ for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ auto obj = sk_X509_OBJECT_value(objs, i);
+ if (!obj) { continue; }
+ if (X509_OBJECT_get_type(obj) == X509_LU_X509) {
+ auto x509 = X509_OBJECT_get0_X509(obj);
+ if (x509) {
+ // Increment reference count so caller can free it
+ X509_up_ref(x509);
+ certs.push_back(static_cast<cert_t>(x509));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return certs.size();
+}
+
+inline std::vector<std::string> get_ca_names(ctx_t ctx) {
+ std::vector<std::string> names;
+ if (!ctx) { return names; }
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+
+ auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
+ if (!store) { return names; }
+
+ auto objs = impl::get_store_objects(store);
+ if (!objs) { return names; }
+ auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { impl::release_store_objects(objs); });
+
+ auto count = sk_X509_OBJECT_num(objs);
+ for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ auto obj = sk_X509_OBJECT_value(objs, i);
+ if (!obj) { continue; }
+ if (X509_OBJECT_get_type(obj) == X509_LU_X509) {
+ auto x509 = X509_OBJECT_get0_X509(obj);
+ if (x509) {
+ auto subject = X509_get_subject_name(x509);
+ if (subject) {
+ char buf[512];
+ X509_NAME_oneline(subject, buf, sizeof(buf));
+ names.push_back(buf);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return names;
+}
+
+inline bool update_server_cert(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_pem,
+ const char *key_pem, const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert_pem || !key_pem) { return false; }
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+
+ // Load certificate from PEM
+ auto cert_bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(cert_pem, -1);
+ if (!cert_bio) { return false; }
+ auto cert = PEM_read_bio_X509(cert_bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+ BIO_free(cert_bio);
+ if (!cert) { return false; }
+
+ // Load private key from PEM
+ auto key_bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(key_pem, -1);
+ if (!key_bio) {
+ X509_free(cert);
+ return false;
+ }
+ auto key = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key_bio, nullptr, nullptr,
+ password ? const_cast<char *>(password)
+ : nullptr);
+ BIO_free(key_bio);
+ if (!key) {
+ X509_free(cert);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Update certificate and key
+ auto ret = SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ssl_ctx, cert) == 1 &&
+ SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(ssl_ctx, key) == 1;
+
+ X509_free(cert);
+ EVP_PKEY_free(key);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool update_server_client_ca(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_pem) {
+ if (!ctx || !ca_pem) { return false; }
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+
+ // Create new X509_STORE from PEM
+ auto store = create_ca_store(ca_pem, strlen(ca_pem));
+ if (!store) { return false; }
+
+ // SSL_CTX_set_cert_store takes ownership
+ SSL_CTX_set_cert_store(ssl_ctx, static_cast<X509_STORE *>(store));
+
+ // Set client CA list for client certificate request
+ auto ca_list = impl::create_client_ca_list_from_pem(ca_pem);
+ if (ca_list) {
+ // SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list takes ownership of ca_list
+ SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(ssl_ctx, ca_list);
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool set_verify_callback(ctx_t ctx, VerifyCallback callback) {
+ if (!ctx) { return false; }
+ auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
+
+ impl::get_verify_callback() = std::move(callback);
+
+ if (impl::get_verify_callback()) {
+ SSL_CTX_set_verify(ssl_ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, impl::openssl_verify_callback);
+ } else {
+ SSL_CTX_set_verify(ssl_ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, nullptr);
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline long get_verify_error(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return -1; }
+ auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+ return SSL_get_verify_result(ssl);
+}
+
+inline std::string verify_error_string(long error_code) {
+ if (error_code == X509_V_OK) { return ""; }
+ const char *str = X509_verify_cert_error_string(static_cast<int>(error_code));
+ return str ? str : "unknown error";
+}
+
+} // namespace tls
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+
+/*
+ * Group 9: TLS abstraction layer - Mbed TLS backend
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Mbed TLS Backend Implementation
+ */
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
+namespace tls {
+
+namespace impl {
+
+// Mbed TLS session wrapper
+struct MbedTlsSession {
+ mbedtls_ssl_context ssl;
+ socket_t sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+ std::string hostname; // For client: set via set_sni
+ std::string sni_hostname; // For server: received from client via SNI callback
+
+ // Mbed TLS has no SSL_peek() equivalent, so is_peer_closed() must probe with
+ // a real 1-byte mbedtls_ssl_read(). If that probe lands on application data
+ // (e.g. a response that arrived while this side was still in its post-write
+ // check), the byte is pushed back here and served by the next read().
+ unsigned char peeked_byte = 0;
+ bool has_peeked_byte = false;
+
+ // Set by set_sni() when the caller disabled hostname verification, so the
+ // verify callback can clear the CN/SAN mismatch flag while still enforcing
+ // the rest of the chain (Mbed TLS ties SNI and identity checking together;
+ // OpenSSL and wolfSSL keep them independent).
+ bool suppress_hostname_mismatch = false;
+
+ // Copied from the owning MbedTlsContext at creation. set_sni() uses this to
+ // decide which verify callback to install when hostname verification is
+ // disabled: mbedtls_verify_callback() when a user callback is genuinely
+ // wired for this context, or a self-contained one otherwise, so a session
+ // that never opted into a callback never consults the process-wide
+ // set_verify_callback() slot (which some other, unrelated client may have
+ // populated).
+ bool has_verify_callback = false;
+
+ MbedTlsSession() { mbedtls_ssl_init(&ssl); }
+
+ ~MbedTlsSession() { mbedtls_ssl_free(&ssl); }
+
+ MbedTlsSession(const MbedTlsSession &) = delete;
+ MbedTlsSession &operator=(const MbedTlsSession &) = delete;
+};
+
+// Thread-local error code accessor for Mbed TLS (since it doesn't have an error
+// queue)
+inline int &mbedtls_last_error() {
+ static thread_local int err = 0;
+ return err;
+}
+
+// Helper to map Mbed TLS error to ErrorCode
+inline ErrorCode map_mbedtls_error(int ret, int &out_errno,
+ uint32_t verify_flags) {
+ if (ret == 0) { return ErrorCode::Success; }
+ if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ) { return ErrorCode::WantRead; }
+ if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) { return ErrorCode::WantWrite; }
+ if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY) {
+ return ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
+ }
+ if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_CONN_RESET || ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_SEND_FAILED ||
+ ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_RECV_FAILED) {
+ out_errno = errno;
+ return ErrorCode::SyscallError;
+ }
+ if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_CERT_VERIFY_FAILED) {
+ // Unlike OpenSSL/wolfSSL, Mbed TLS folds the CN/SAN identity check into
+ // the handshake's chain verification (see set_sni()); a mismatch there
+ // is reported the same way as any other verify_flags bit. Report it as
+ // HostnameMismatch, matching the other backends and the post-handshake
+ // identity check below, but only when naming is the sole problem -
+ // if the chain itself is also untrusted/expired/etc., that takes
+ // priority over the naming detail.
+ if (verify_flags == static_cast<uint32_t>(hostname_mismatch_code())) {
+ return ErrorCode::HostnameMismatch;
+ }
+ return ErrorCode::CertVerifyFailed;
+ }
+ return ErrorCode::Fatal;
+}
+
+// Populates a TlsError from a failed (non-zero) mbedtls_ssl_handshake()
+// return value, including the verify-flags-dependent HostnameMismatch
+// mapping; shared by connect() and connect_nonblocking() so the
+// backend_code policy for that mapping only lives in one place.
+inline void fill_mbedtls_tls_error(TlsError &err, mbedtls_ssl_context &ssl,
+ int ret) {
+ auto verify_flags = mbedtls_ssl_get_verify_result(&ssl);
+ err.code = map_mbedtls_error(ret, err.sys_errno, verify_flags);
+ err.backend_code = err.code == ErrorCode::HostnameMismatch
+ ? static_cast<uint64_t>(verify_flags)
+ : static_cast<uint64_t>(-ret);
+}
+
+// A TLS 1.3 NewSessionTicket (signaled by default on Mbed TLS 4.x) is a
+// non-fatal notification delivered between records, not an error and not
+// application data, so I/O calls that see it should just be retried. Kept in
+// one helper so the retry loops keep an intact "do { } while (...)" instead of
+// splitting the closing brace across an #if.
+inline bool mbedtls_is_session_ticket(int ret) {
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_RECEIVED_NEW_SESSION_TICKET)
+ return ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_RECEIVED_NEW_SESSION_TICKET;
+#else
+ (void)ret;
+ return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+// BIO-like send callback for Mbed TLS
+inline int mbedtls_net_send_cb(void *ctx, const unsigned char *buf,
+ size_t len) {
+ auto sock = *static_cast<socket_t *>(ctx);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ auto ret =
+ send(sock, reinterpret_cast<const char *>(buf), static_cast<int>(len), 0);
+ if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
+ int err = WSAGetLastError();
+ if (err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK) { return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE; }
+ return MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_SEND_FAILED;
+ }
+#else
+ auto ret = send(sock, buf, len, 0);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
+ return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE;
+ }
+ return MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_SEND_FAILED;
+ }
+#endif
+ return static_cast<int>(ret);
+}
+
+// BIO-like recv callback for Mbed TLS
+inline int mbedtls_net_recv_cb(void *ctx, unsigned char *buf, size_t len) {
+ auto sock = *static_cast<socket_t *>(ctx);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ auto ret =
+ recv(sock, reinterpret_cast<char *>(buf), static_cast<int>(len), 0);
+ if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
+ int err = WSAGetLastError();
+ if (err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK) { return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ; }
+ return MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_RECV_FAILED;
+ }
+#else
+ auto ret = recv(sock, buf, len, 0);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
+ return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ;
+ }
+ return MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_RECV_FAILED;
+ }
+#endif
+ if (ret == 0) { return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY; }
+ return static_cast<int>(ret);
+}
+
+// MbedTlsContext constructor/destructor implementations
+inline MbedTlsContext::MbedTlsContext() {
+ mbedtls_ssl_config_init(&conf);
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ mbedtls_entropy_init(&entropy);
+ mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init(&ctr_drbg);
+#endif
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&ca_chain);
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&own_cert);
+ mbedtls_pk_init(&own_key);
+}
+
+inline MbedTlsContext::~MbedTlsContext() {
+ mbedtls_pk_free(&own_key);
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&own_cert);
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&ca_chain);
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&ctr_drbg);
+ mbedtls_entropy_free(&entropy);
+#endif
+ mbedtls_ssl_config_free(&conf);
+}
+
+// Thread-local storage for SNI captured during handshake
+// This is needed because the SNI callback doesn't have a way to pass
+// session-specific data before the session is fully set up
+inline std::string &mbedpending_sni() {
+ static thread_local std::string sni;
+ return sni;
+}
+
+// SNI callback for Mbed TLS server to capture client's SNI hostname
+inline int mbedtls_sni_callback(void *p_ctx, mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
+ const unsigned char *name, size_t name_len) {
+ (void)p_ctx;
+ (void)ssl;
+
+ // Store SNI name in thread-local storage
+ // It will be retrieved and stored in the session after handshake
+ if (name && name_len > 0) {
+ mbedpending_sni().assign(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(name), name_len);
+ } else {
+ mbedpending_sni().clear();
+ }
+ return 0; // Accept any SNI
+}
+
+inline void mbedtls_clear_cn_mismatch(uint32_t *flags) {
+ *flags &= ~static_cast<uint32_t>(hostname_mismatch_code());
+}
+
+// Verify callback used when hostname verification is disabled for a session
+// that has no user-supplied verify callback of its own (MbedTlsSession::
+// has_verify_callback is false). Deliberately does not consult
+// get_verify_callback(): that slot is process-wide, so reading it here would
+// pick up whatever another, unrelated client last installed there.
+inline int mbedtls_mask_hostname_mismatch_callback(void *data,
+ mbedtls_x509_crt *, int,
+ uint32_t *flags) {
+ (void)data;
+ mbedtls_clear_cn_mismatch(flags);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+inline int mbedtls_verify_callback(void *data, mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
+ int cert_depth, uint32_t *flags);
+
+// MbedTLS verify callback wrapper
+inline int mbedtls_verify_callback(void *data, mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
+ int cert_depth, uint32_t *flags) {
+ // data points to the MbedTlsSession
+ auto *session = static_cast<MbedTlsSession *>(data);
+
+ // set_sni() disabled hostname verification for this session: drop the
+ // CN/SAN mismatch flag so it doesn't fail the chain check below, mirroring
+ // the OpenSSL/wolfSSL backends where identity checking is independent of
+ // SNI. The final pass/fail decision still comes from the remaining flags
+ // (or, below, from the user's own verify callback).
+ if (session && session->suppress_hostname_mismatch) {
+ mbedtls_clear_cn_mismatch(flags);
+ }
+
+ auto &callback = get_verify_callback();
+ if (!callback) { return 0; } // Continue with default verification
+
+ // Build context
+ VerifyContext verify_ctx;
+ verify_ctx.session = static_cast<session_t>(session);
+ verify_ctx.cert = static_cast<cert_t>(crt);
+ verify_ctx.depth = cert_depth;
+ verify_ctx.preverify_ok = (*flags == 0);
+ verify_ctx.error_code = static_cast<long>(*flags);
+
+ // Convert Mbed TLS flags to error string
+ static thread_local char error_buf[256];
+ if (*flags != 0) {
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info(error_buf, sizeof(error_buf), "", *flags);
+ verify_ctx.error_string = error_buf;
+ } else {
+ verify_ctx.error_string = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ bool accepted = callback(verify_ctx);
+
+ if (accepted) {
+ *flags = 0; // Clear all error flags
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_CERT_VERIFY_FAILED;
+}
+
+} // namespace impl
+
+inline ctx_t create_client_context() {
+ auto ctx = new (std::nothrow) impl::MbedTlsContext();
+ if (!ctx) { return nullptr; }
+
+ ctx->is_server = false;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ // Mbed TLS 4.x draws randomness from PSA Crypto; just ensure it is ready.
+ if (!detail::ensure_mbedtls_psa_crypto()) {
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+ int ret;
+#else
+ // Seed the random number generator
+ const char *pers = "httplib_client";
+ int ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(
+ &ctx->ctr_drbg, mbedtls_entropy_func, &ctx->entropy,
+ reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pers), strlen(pers));
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ // Set up SSL config for client
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT,
+ MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
+ MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ // Set random number generator (Mbed TLS 4.x uses the PSA RNG implicitly)
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&ctx->conf, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctx->ctr_drbg);
+#endif
+
+ // Default: verify peer certificate
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED);
+
+ // Set minimum TLS version to 1.2
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_tls_version(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_2);
+#else
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_version(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3,
+ MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3);
+#endif
+
+ return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
+}
+
+inline ctx_t create_server_context() {
+ auto ctx = new (std::nothrow) impl::MbedTlsContext();
+ if (!ctx) { return nullptr; }
+
+ ctx->is_server = true;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ // Mbed TLS 4.x draws randomness from PSA Crypto; just ensure it is ready.
+ if (!detail::ensure_mbedtls_psa_crypto()) {
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+ int ret;
+#else
+ // Seed the random number generator
+ const char *pers = "httplib_server";
+ int ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(
+ &ctx->ctr_drbg, mbedtls_entropy_func, &ctx->entropy,
+ reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pers), strlen(pers));
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ // Set up SSL config for server
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_SERVER,
+ MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
+ MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+ // Set random number generator (Mbed TLS 4.x uses the PSA RNG implicitly)
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&ctx->conf, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctx->ctr_drbg);
+#endif
+
+ // Default: don't verify client
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_NONE);
+
+ // Set minimum TLS version to 1.2
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_tls_version(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_2);
+#else
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_version(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3,
+ MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3);
+#endif
+
+ // Set SNI callback to capture client's SNI hostname
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_sni(&ctx->conf, impl::mbedtls_sni_callback, nullptr);
+
+ return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
+}
+
+inline void free_context(ctx_t ctx) {
+ if (ctx) { delete static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx); }
+}
+
+inline bool set_min_version(ctx_t ctx, Version version) {
+ if (!ctx) { return false; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
+ // Mbed TLS 3.x uses mbedtls_ssl_protocol_version enum
+ mbedtls_ssl_protocol_version min_ver = MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_2;
+ if (version >= Version::TLS1_3) {
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_3)
+ min_ver = MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_3;
+#endif
+ }
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_tls_version(&mctx->conf, min_ver);
+#else
+ // Mbed TLS 2.x uses major/minor version numbers
+ int major = MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3;
+ int minor = MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3; // TLS 1.2
+ if (version >= Version::TLS1_3) {
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_3)
+ minor = MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_4; // TLS 1.3
+#else
+ minor = MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3; // Fall back to TLS 1.2
+#endif
+ }
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_version(&mctx->conf, major, minor);
+#endif
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *pem, size_t len) {
+ if (!ctx || !pem) { return false; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // mbedtls_x509_crt_parse expects null-terminated string for PEM
+ // Add null terminator if not present
+ std::string pem_str(pem, len);
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
+ &mctx->ca_chain, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem_str.c_str()),
+ pem_str.size() + 1);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mctx->conf, &mctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *file_path) {
+ if (!ctx || !file_path) { return false; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&mctx->ca_chain, file_path);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mctx->conf, &mctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_dir(ctx_t ctx, const char *dir_path) {
+ if (!ctx || !dir_path) { return false; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path(&mctx->ca_chain, dir_path);
+ if (ret < 0) { // Returns number of certs on success, negative on error
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mctx->conf, &mctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool load_system_certs(ctx_t ctx) {
+ if (!ctx) { return false; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+ bool loaded = false;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ loaded = impl::enumerate_windows_system_certs(
+ [&](const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
+ return mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der(&mctx->ca_chain, data, len) == 0;
+ });
+#elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN)
+ loaded = impl::enumerate_macos_keychain_certs(
+ [&](const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
+ return mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der(&mctx->ca_chain, data, len) == 0;
+ });
+#else
+ for (auto path = impl::system_ca_paths(); *path; ++path) {
+ if (mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&mctx->ca_chain, *path) >= 0) {
+ loaded = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!loaded) {
+ for (auto dir = impl::system_ca_dirs(); *dir; ++dir) {
+ if (mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path(&mctx->ca_chain, *dir) >= 0) {
+ loaded = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (loaded) {
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mctx->conf, &mctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
+ }
+ return loaded;
+}
+
+inline bool set_client_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
+ const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert || !key) { return false; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Parse certificate
+ std::string cert_str(cert);
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
+ &mctx->own_cert,
+ reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_str.c_str()),
+ cert_str.size() + 1);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Parse private key
+ std::string key_str(key);
+ const unsigned char *pwd =
+ password ? reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(password) : nullptr;
+ size_t pwd_len = password ? strlen(password) : 0;
+
+#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3) && !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4)
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_key(
+ &mctx->own_key, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_str.c_str()),
+ key_str.size() + 1, pwd, pwd_len, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random,
+ &mctx->ctr_drbg);
+#else
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_key(
+ &mctx->own_key, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_str.c_str()),
+ key_str.size() + 1, pwd, pwd_len);
+#endif
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify that the certificate and private key match.
+ // Mbed TLS 4.x: mbedtls_pk_check_pair() reports a spurious mismatch for
+ // PSA-backed keys, so skip it and let the handshake surface a real mismatch.
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&mctx->own_cert.pk, &mctx->own_key,
+ mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mctx->ctr_drbg);
+#else
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&mctx->own_cert.pk, &mctx->own_key);
+#endif
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&mctx->conf, &mctx->own_cert, &mctx->own_key);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool set_client_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
+ const char *key_path, const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert_path || !key_path) { return false; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Parse certificate file
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&mctx->own_cert, cert_path);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Parse private key file
+#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3) && !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4)
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&mctx->own_key, key_path, password,
+ mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mctx->ctr_drbg);
+#else
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&mctx->own_key, key_path, password);
+#endif
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify that the certificate and private key match.
+ // Mbed TLS 4.x: see set_client_cert() — skip the spurious check_pair.
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&mctx->own_cert.pk, &mctx->own_key,
+ mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mctx->ctr_drbg);
+#else
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&mctx->own_cert.pk, &mctx->own_key);
+#endif
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&mctx->conf, &mctx->own_cert, &mctx->own_key);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void set_verify_client(ctx_t ctx, bool require) {
+ if (!ctx) { return; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+ mctx->verify_client = require;
+ if (require) {
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&mctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED);
+ } else {
+ // If a verify callback is set, use OPTIONAL mode to ensure the callback
+ // is called (matching OpenSSL behavior). Otherwise use NONE.
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&mctx->conf, mctx->has_verify_callback
+ ? MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_OPTIONAL
+ : MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_NONE);
+ }
+}
+
+inline session_t create_session(ctx_t ctx, socket_t sock) {
+ if (!ctx || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return nullptr; }
+ auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ auto session = new (std::nothrow) impl::MbedTlsSession();
+ if (!session) { return nullptr; }
+
+ session->sock = sock;
+
+ int ret = mbedtls_ssl_setup(&session->ssl, &mctx->conf);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ delete session;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ // Explicitly opt out of in-handshake hostname verification by default;
+ // since Mbed TLS 3.6.4 a client handshake with certificate verification
+ // fails outright when no hostname was set. set_sni() installs the real
+ // hostname for DNS hosts; for IP hosts (where SNI must not be set) the
+ // caller verifies the certificate identity post-handshake via
+ // verify_hostname().
+ mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname(&session->ssl, nullptr);
+
+ // Set BIO callbacks
+ mbedtls_ssl_set_bio(&session->ssl, &session->sock, impl::mbedtls_net_send_cb,
+ impl::mbedtls_net_recv_cb, nullptr);
+
+ // Set per-session verify callback with session pointer if callback is
+ // registered
+ session->has_verify_callback = mctx->has_verify_callback;
+ if (mctx->has_verify_callback) {
+ mbedtls_ssl_set_verify(&session->ssl, impl::mbedtls_verify_callback,
+ session);
+ }
+
+ return static_cast<session_t>(session);
+}
+
+inline void free_session(session_t session) {
+ if (session) { delete static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session); }
+}
+
+inline bool set_sni(session_t session, const char *hostname,
+ bool verify_hostname) {
+ if (!session || !hostname) { return false; }
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+
+ // mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname() both sends the SNI extension and binds the
+ // handshake-time CN/SAN check to `hostname`; the two can't be requested
+ // independently, so a disabled hostname check is handled below by masking
+ // the resulting mismatch flag instead of skipping this call.
+ int ret = mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname(&msession->ssl, hostname);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ msession->hostname = hostname;
+
+ if (!verify_hostname) {
+ msession->suppress_hostname_mismatch = true;
+ // If a user verify callback is already wired for this session,
+ // mbedtls_verify_callback() masks the mismatch flag itself before
+ // consulting it (see suppress_hostname_mismatch above) - reinstalling it
+ // here would be redundant. Otherwise install the self-contained masking
+ // callback, which never touches the process-wide callback slot.
+ if (!msession->has_verify_callback) {
+ mbedtls_ssl_set_verify(&msession->ssl,
+ impl::mbedtls_mask_hostname_mismatch_callback,
+ msession);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline TlsError connect(session_t session) {
+ TlsError err;
+ if (!session) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return err;
+ }
+
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+ int ret;
+ do {
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&msession->ssl);
+ } while (impl::mbedtls_is_session_ticket(ret));
+
+ if (ret == 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ } else {
+ impl::fill_mbedtls_tls_error(err, msession->ssl, ret);
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ }
+
+ return err;
+}
+
+inline TlsError accept(session_t session) {
+ // Same as connect for Mbed TLS - handshake works for both client and server
+ auto result = connect(session);
+
+ // After successful handshake, capture SNI from thread-local storage
+ if (result.code == ErrorCode::Success && session) {
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+ msession->sni_hostname = std::move(impl::mbedpending_sni());
+ impl::mbedpending_sni().clear();
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool connect_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
+ time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
+ TlsError *err) {
+ if (!session) {
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+
+ // Set socket to non-blocking mode
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+ auto cleanup =
+ detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });
+
+ int ret;
+ while ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&msession->ssl)) != 0) {
+ // Non-fatal TLS 1.3 ticket; retry immediately.
+ if (impl::mbedtls_is_session_ticket(ret)) { continue; }
+ if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ) {
+ if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ } else if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) {
+ if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // TlsError or timeout
+ if (err) { impl::fill_mbedtls_tls_error(*err, msession->ssl, ret); }
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool accept_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
+ time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
+ TlsError *err) {
+ // Same implementation as connect for Mbed TLS
+ bool result =
+ connect_nonblocking(session, sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec, err);
+
+ // After successful handshake, capture SNI from thread-local storage
+ if (result && session) {
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+ msession->sni_hostname = std::move(impl::mbedpending_sni());
+ impl::mbedpending_sni().clear();
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t read(session_t session, void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err) {
+ if (!session || !buf) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+
+ // Serve a byte consumed by the is_peer_closed() probe before reading more.
+ if (msession->has_peeked_byte) {
+ if (len == 0) { return 0; }
+ auto p = static_cast<unsigned char *>(buf);
+ p[0] = msession->peeked_byte;
+ msession->has_peeked_byte = false;
+ size_t n = 1;
+ // Top up with any already-decrypted bytes without risking a block.
+ if (len > 1 && mbedtls_ssl_get_bytes_avail(&msession->ssl) > 0) {
+ int extra = mbedtls_ssl_read(&msession->ssl, p + 1, len - 1);
+ if (extra > 0) { n += static_cast<size_t>(extra); }
+ }
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(n);
+ }
+
+ int ret;
+ do {
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_read(&msession->ssl, static_cast<unsigned char *>(buf),
+ len);
+ } while (impl::mbedtls_is_session_ticket(ret));
+
+ if (ret > 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(ret);
+ }
+
+ if (ret == 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ err.code = impl::map_mbedtls_error(ret, err.sys_errno, 0);
+ err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(-ret);
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ // mbedTLS signals a clean close_notify via a negative error code rather
+ // than 0; surface it as a clean EOF the way OpenSSL/wolfSSL do.
+ if (err.code == ErrorCode::PeerClosed) { return 0; }
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t write(session_t session, const void *buf, size_t len,
+ TlsError &err) {
+ if (!session || !buf) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+ int ret;
+ do {
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_write(&msession->ssl,
+ static_cast<const unsigned char *>(buf), len);
+ } while (impl::mbedtls_is_session_ticket(ret));
+
+ if (ret > 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(ret);
+ }
+
+ if (ret == 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ err.code = impl::map_mbedtls_error(ret, err.sys_errno, 0);
+ err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(-ret);
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline int pending(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return 0; }
+ auto msession =
+ static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+ return static_cast<int>(mbedtls_ssl_get_bytes_avail(&msession->ssl)) +
+ (msession->has_peeked_byte ? 1 : 0);
+}
+
+inline void shutdown(session_t session, bool graceful) {
+ if (!session) { return; }
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+
+ if (graceful) {
+ // Try to send close_notify, but don't block forever
+ int ret;
+ int attempts = 0;
+ while ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_close_notify(&msession->ssl)) != 0 &&
+ attempts < 3) {
+ if (ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ &&
+ ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) {
+ break;
+ }
+ attempts++;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool is_peer_closed(session_t session, socket_t sock) {
+ if (!session || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return true; }
+ auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+
+ // Check if there's already decrypted or pushed-back data available.
+ // If so, the connection is definitely alive.
+ if (msession->has_peeked_byte ||
+ mbedtls_ssl_get_bytes_avail(&msession->ssl) > 0) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Set socket to non-blocking to avoid blocking on read
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+ auto cleanup =
+ detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });
+
+ // Probe with a 1-byte read (Mbed TLS has no peek API). If the probe lands
+ // on application data — e.g. a response that already arrived — push the
+ // byte back so the next read() delivers it instead of losing it.
+ unsigned char buf;
+ int ret;
+ do {
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_read(&msession->ssl, &buf, 1);
+ } while (impl::mbedtls_is_session_ticket(ret));
+
+ // If we got data or WANT_READ (would block), connection is alive
+ if (ret > 0) {
+ msession->peeked_byte = buf;
+ msession->has_peeked_byte = true;
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ) { return false; }
+
+ // If we get a peer close notify or a connection reset, the peer is closed
+ return ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY ||
+ ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_CONN_RESET || ret == 0;
+}
+
+inline cert_t get_peer_cert(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return nullptr; }
+ auto msession =
+ static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+
+ // Mbed TLS returns a pointer to the internal peer cert chain.
+ // WARNING: This pointer is only valid while the session is active.
+ // Do not use the certificate after calling free_session().
+ const mbedtls_x509_crt *cert = mbedtls_ssl_get_peer_cert(&msession->ssl);
+ return const_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
+}
+
+inline void free_cert(cert_t cert) {
+ // Mbed TLS: peer certificate is owned by the SSL context.
+ // No-op here, but callers should still call this for cross-backend
+ // portability.
+ (void)cert;
+}
+
+inline bool verify_hostname(cert_t cert, const char *hostname) {
+ if (!cert || !hostname) { return false; }
+ auto mcert = static_cast<const mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
+ std::string host_str(hostname);
+
+ // Check if hostname is an IP address (IPv4 or IPv6)
+ unsigned char ip_bytes[16];
+ auto ip_len = impl::parse_ip_address(host_str, ip_bytes);
+ auto is_ip = ip_len > 0;
+
+ // Check Subject Alternative Names (SAN)
+ // In Mbed TLS 3.x, subject_alt_names contains raw values without ASN.1 tags
+ // - DNS names: raw string bytes
+ // - IP addresses: raw IP bytes (4 for IPv4, 16 for IPv6)
+ const mbedtls_x509_sequence *san = &mcert->subject_alt_names;
+ while (san != nullptr && san->buf.p != nullptr && san->buf.len > 0) {
+ const unsigned char *p = san->buf.p;
+ size_t len = san->buf.len;
+
+ if (is_ip) {
+ // For an IP host, only a matching iPAddress SAN of the same family
+ // (4 bytes for IPv4, 16 bytes for IPv6) may authenticate it.
+ if (len == ip_len && memcmp(p, ip_bytes, ip_len) == 0) { return true; }
+ } else {
+ // Check if this SAN is a DNS name (printable ASCII string)
+ bool is_dns = len > 0;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < len && is_dns; i++) {
+ if (p[i] < 32 || p[i] > 126) { is_dns = false; }
+ }
+ if (is_dns) {
+ std::string san_name(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(p), len);
+ if (detail::match_hostname(san_name, host_str)) { return true; }
+ }
+ }
+ san = san->next;
+ }
+
+ // Fallback: Check Common Name (CN) in subject. Skipped for IP-literal hosts:
+ // an IP identity is only valid via an iPAddress SAN, never the CN (RFC 9110;
+ // the OpenSSL backend's X509_check_ip behaves the same way).
+ if (!is_ip) {
+ char cn[256];
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_dn_gets(cn, sizeof(cn), &mcert->subject);
+ if (ret > 0) {
+ std::string cn_str(cn);
+
+ // Look for "CN=" in the DN string
+ size_t cn_pos = cn_str.find("CN=");
+ if (cn_pos != std::string::npos) {
+ size_t start = cn_pos + 3;
+ size_t end = cn_str.find(',', start);
+ std::string cn_value =
+ cn_str.substr(start, end == std::string::npos ? end : end - start);
+
+ if (detail::match_hostname(cn_value, host_str)) { return true; }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline uint64_t hostname_mismatch_code() {
+ return static_cast<uint64_t>(MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_CN_MISMATCH);
+}
+
+inline long get_verify_result(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return -1; }
+ auto msession =
+ static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+ uint32_t flags = mbedtls_ssl_get_verify_result(&msession->ssl);
+ // Return 0 (X509_V_OK equivalent) if verification passed
+ return flags == 0 ? 0 : static_cast<long>(flags);
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_subject_cn(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
+
+ // Find the CN in the subject
+ const mbedtls_x509_name *name = &x509->subject;
+ while (name != nullptr) {
+ if (MBEDTLS_OID_CMP(MBEDTLS_OID_AT_CN, &name->oid) == 0) {
+ return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(name->val.p),
+ name->val.len);
+ }
+ name = name->next;
+ }
+ return "";
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_issuer_name(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
+
+ // Build a human-readable issuer name string
+ char buf[512];
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_dn_gets(buf, sizeof(buf), &x509->issuer);
+ if (ret < 0) return "";
+ return std::string(buf);
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_sans(cert_t cert, std::vector<SanEntry> &sans) {
+ sans.clear();
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
+
+ // Parse the Subject Alternative Name extension
+ const mbedtls_x509_sequence *cur = &x509->subject_alt_names;
+ while (cur != nullptr) {
+ if (cur->buf.len > 0) {
+ // Mbed TLS stores SAN as ASN.1 sequences
+ // The tag byte indicates the type
+ const unsigned char *p = cur->buf.p;
+ size_t len = cur->buf.len;
+
+ // First byte is the tag
+ unsigned char tag = *p;
+ p++;
+ len--;
+
+ // Parse length (simple single-byte length assumed)
+ if (len > 0 && *p < 0x80) {
+ size_t value_len = *p;
+ p++;
+ len--;
+
+ if (value_len <= len) {
+ SanEntry entry;
+ // ASN.1 context tags for GeneralName
+ switch (tag & 0x1F) {
+ case 2: // dNSName
+ entry.type = SanType::DNS;
+ entry.value =
+ std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(p), value_len);
+ break;
+ case 7: // iPAddress
+ entry.type = SanType::IP;
+ if (value_len == 4) {
+ // IPv4
+ char buf[16];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d", p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3]);
+ entry.value = buf;
+ } else if (value_len == 16) {
+ // IPv6
+ char buf[64];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+ "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:"
+ "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x",
+ p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3], p[4], p[5], p[6], p[7], p[8],
+ p[9], p[10], p[11], p[12], p[13], p[14], p[15]);
+ entry.value = buf;
+ }
+ break;
+ case 1: // rfc822Name (email)
+ entry.type = SanType::EMAIL;
+ entry.value =
+ std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(p), value_len);
+ break;
+ case 6: // uniformResourceIdentifier
+ entry.type = SanType::URI;
+ entry.value =
+ std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(p), value_len);
+ break;
+ default: entry.type = SanType::OTHER; break;
+ }
+
+ if (!entry.value.empty()) { sans.push_back(std::move(entry)); }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ cur = cur->next;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_validity(cert_t cert, time_t &not_before,
+ time_t &not_after) {
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
+
+ // Convert mbedtls_x509_time to time_t
+ auto to_time_t = [](const mbedtls_x509_time &t) -> time_t {
+ struct tm tm_time = {};
+ tm_time.tm_year = t.year - 1900;
+ tm_time.tm_mon = t.mon - 1;
+ tm_time.tm_mday = t.day;
+ tm_time.tm_hour = t.hour;
+ tm_time.tm_min = t.min;
+ tm_time.tm_sec = t.sec;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ return _mkgmtime(&tm_time);
+#else
+ return timegm(&tm_time);
+#endif
+ };
+
+ not_before = to_time_t(x509->valid_from);
+ not_after = to_time_t(x509->valid_to);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_serial(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
+
+ // Convert serial number to hex string
+ std::string result;
+ result.reserve(x509->serial.len * 2);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < x509->serial.len; i++) {
+ char hex[3];
+ snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02X", x509->serial.p[i]);
+ result += hex;
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_der(cert_t cert, std::vector<unsigned char> &der) {
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto crt = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
+ if (!crt->raw.p || crt->raw.len == 0) return false;
+ der.assign(crt->raw.p, crt->raw.p + crt->raw.len);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline const char *get_sni(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) return nullptr;
+ auto msession = static_cast<const impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
+
+ // For server: return SNI received from client during handshake
+ if (!msession->sni_hostname.empty()) {
+ return msession->sni_hostname.c_str();
+ }
+
+ // For client: return the hostname set via set_sni
+ if (!msession->hostname.empty()) { return msession->hostname.c_str(); }
+
+ return nullptr;
+}
+
+inline uint64_t peek_error() {
+ // Mbed TLS doesn't have an error queue, return the last error
+ return static_cast<uint64_t>(-impl::mbedtls_last_error());
+}
+
+inline uint64_t get_error() {
+ // Mbed TLS doesn't have an error queue, return and clear the last error
+ uint64_t err = static_cast<uint64_t>(-impl::mbedtls_last_error());
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = 0;
+ return err;
+}
+
+inline std::string error_string(uint64_t code) {
+ char buf[256];
+ mbedtls_strerror(-static_cast<int>(code), buf, sizeof(buf));
+ return std::string(buf);
+}
+
+inline ca_store_t create_ca_store(const char *pem, size_t len) {
+ auto *ca_chain = new (std::nothrow) mbedtls_x509_crt;
+ if (!ca_chain) { return nullptr; }
+
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_init(ca_chain);
+
+ // mbedtls_x509_crt_parse expects null-terminated PEM
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(ca_chain,
+ reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem),
+ len + 1); // +1 for null terminator
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ // Try without +1 in case PEM is already null-terminated
+ ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
+ ca_chain, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem), len);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_free(ca_chain);
+ delete ca_chain;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return static_cast<ca_store_t>(ca_chain);
+}
+
+inline void free_ca_store(ca_store_t store) {
+ if (store) {
+ auto *ca_chain = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(store);
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_free(ca_chain);
+ delete ca_chain;
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool set_ca_store(ctx_t ctx, ca_store_t store) {
+ if (!ctx || !store) { return false; }
+ auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+ auto *ca_chain = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(store);
+
+ // Free existing CA chain
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain);
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain);
+
+ // Copy the CA chain (deep copy)
+ // Parse from the raw data of the source cert
+ mbedtls_x509_crt *src = ca_chain;
+ while (src != nullptr) {
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain, src->raw.p,
+ src->raw.len);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ free_ca_store(store);
+ return false;
+ }
+ src = src->next;
+ }
+
+ // This function takes ownership of the store; the chain was deep-copied
+ // above, so release the source
+ free_ca_store(store);
+
+ // Update the SSL config to use the new CA chain
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mbed_ctx->conf, &mbed_ctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline size_t get_ca_certs(ctx_t ctx, std::vector<cert_t> &certs) {
+ certs.clear();
+ if (!ctx) { return 0; }
+ auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Iterate through the CA chain
+ mbedtls_x509_crt *cert = &mbed_ctx->ca_chain;
+ while (cert != nullptr && cert->raw.len > 0) {
+ // Create a copy of the certificate for the caller
+ auto *copy = new mbedtls_x509_crt;
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_init(copy);
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der(copy, cert->raw.p, cert->raw.len);
+ if (ret == 0) {
+ certs.push_back(static_cast<cert_t>(copy));
+ } else {
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_free(copy);
+ delete copy;
+ }
+ cert = cert->next;
+ }
+ return certs.size();
+}
+
+inline std::vector<std::string> get_ca_names(ctx_t ctx) {
+ std::vector<std::string> names;
+ if (!ctx) { return names; }
+ auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Iterate through the CA chain
+ mbedtls_x509_crt *cert = &mbed_ctx->ca_chain;
+ while (cert != nullptr && cert->raw.len > 0) {
+ char buf[512];
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_dn_gets(buf, sizeof(buf), &cert->subject);
+ if (ret > 0) { names.push_back(buf); }
+ cert = cert->next;
+ }
+ return names;
+}
+
+inline bool update_server_cert(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_pem,
+ const char *key_pem, const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert_pem || !key_pem) { return false; }
+ auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Free existing certificate and key
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&mbed_ctx->own_cert);
+ mbedtls_pk_free(&mbed_ctx->own_key);
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&mbed_ctx->own_cert);
+ mbedtls_pk_init(&mbed_ctx->own_key);
+
+ // Parse certificate PEM
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
+ &mbed_ctx->own_cert, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_pem),
+ strlen(cert_pem) + 1);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Parse private key PEM
+#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3) && !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V4)
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_key(
+ &mbed_ctx->own_key, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_pem),
+ strlen(key_pem) + 1,
+ password ? reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(password) : nullptr,
+ password ? strlen(password) : 0, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random,
+ &mbed_ctx->ctr_drbg);
+#else
+ ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_key(
+ &mbed_ctx->own_key, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_pem),
+ strlen(key_pem) + 1,
+ password ? reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(password) : nullptr,
+ password ? strlen(password) : 0);
+#endif
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Configure SSL to use the new certificate and key
+ ret = mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&mbed_ctx->conf, &mbed_ctx->own_cert,
+ &mbed_ctx->own_key);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool update_server_client_ca(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_pem) {
+ if (!ctx || !ca_pem) { return false; }
+ auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Free existing CA chain
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain);
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain);
+
+ // Parse CA PEM
+ int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
+ &mbed_ctx->ca_chain, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(ca_pem),
+ strlen(ca_pem) + 1);
+ if (ret != 0) {
+ impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Update SSL config to use new CA chain
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mbed_ctx->conf, &mbed_ctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool set_verify_callback(ctx_t ctx, VerifyCallback callback) {
+ if (!ctx) { return false; }
+ auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
+
+ impl::get_verify_callback() = std::move(callback);
+ mbed_ctx->has_verify_callback =
+ static_cast<bool>(impl::get_verify_callback());
+
+ if (mbed_ctx->has_verify_callback) {
+ // Set OPTIONAL mode to ensure callback is called even when verification
+ // is disabled (matching OpenSSL behavior where SSL_VERIFY_PEER is set)
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&mbed_ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_OPTIONAL);
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_verify(&mbed_ctx->conf, impl::mbedtls_verify_callback,
+ nullptr);
+ } else {
+ mbedtls_ssl_conf_verify(&mbed_ctx->conf, nullptr, nullptr);
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline long get_verify_error(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return -1; }
+ auto *msession =
+ static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+ return static_cast<long>(mbedtls_ssl_get_verify_result(&msession->ssl));
+}
+
+inline std::string verify_error_string(long error_code) {
+ if (error_code == 0) { return ""; }
+ char buf[256];
+ mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info(buf, sizeof(buf), "",
+ static_cast<uint32_t>(error_code));
+ // Remove trailing newline if present
+ std::string result(buf);
+ while (!result.empty() && (result.back() == '\n' || result.back() == ' ')) {
+ result.pop_back();
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+} // namespace tls
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
+
+/*
+ * Group 10: TLS abstraction layer - wolfSSL backend
+ */
+
+/*
+ * wolfSSL Backend Implementation
+ */
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
+namespace tls {
+
+namespace impl {
+
+// wolfSSL session wrapper
+struct WolfSSLSession {
+ WOLFSSL *ssl = nullptr;
+ socket_t sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
+ std::string hostname; // For client: set via set_sni
+ std::string sni_hostname; // For server: received from client via SNI callback
+
+ WolfSSLSession() = default;
+
+ ~WolfSSLSession() {
+ if (ssl) { wolfSSL_free(ssl); }
+ }
+
+ WolfSSLSession(const WolfSSLSession &) = delete;
+ WolfSSLSession &operator=(const WolfSSLSession &) = delete;
+};
+
+// Thread-local error code accessor for wolfSSL
+inline uint64_t &wolfssl_last_error() {
+ static thread_local uint64_t err = 0;
+ return err;
+}
+
+// Helper to map wolfSSL error to ErrorCode.
+// ssl_error is the value from wolfSSL_get_error().
+// raw_ret is the raw return value from the wolfSSL call (for low-level error).
+inline ErrorCode map_wolfssl_error(WOLFSSL *ssl, int ssl_error,
+ int &out_errno) {
+ switch (ssl_error) {
+ case SSL_ERROR_NONE: return ErrorCode::Success;
+ case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ: return ErrorCode::WantRead;
+ case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE: return ErrorCode::WantWrite;
+ case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN: return ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
+ case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL: out_errno = errno; return ErrorCode::SyscallError;
+ default:
+ if (ssl) {
+ // wolfSSL stores the low-level error code as a negative value.
+ // DOMAIN_NAME_MISMATCH (-322) indicates hostname verification failure.
+ int low_err = ssl_error; // wolfSSL_get_error returns the low-level code
+ if (low_err == DOMAIN_NAME_MISMATCH) {
+ return ErrorCode::HostnameMismatch;
+ }
+ // Check verify result to distinguish cert verification from generic SSL
+ // errors.
+ long vr = wolfSSL_get_verify_result(ssl);
+ if (vr != 0) { return ErrorCode::CertVerifyFailed; }
+ }
+ return ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ }
+}
+
+// WolfSSLContext constructor/destructor implementations
+inline WolfSSLContext::WolfSSLContext() { wolfSSL_Init(); }
+
+inline WolfSSLContext::~WolfSSLContext() {
+ if (ctx) { wolfSSL_CTX_free(ctx); }
+}
+
+// Thread-local storage for SNI captured during handshake
+inline std::string &wolfssl_pending_sni() {
+ static thread_local std::string sni;
+ return sni;
+}
+
+// SNI callback for wolfSSL server to capture client's SNI hostname
+inline int wolfssl_sni_callback(WOLFSSL *ssl, int *ret, void *exArg) {
+ (void)ret;
+ (void)exArg;
+
+ void *name_data = nullptr;
+ unsigned short name_len =
+ wolfSSL_SNI_GetRequest(ssl, WOLFSSL_SNI_HOST_NAME, &name_data);
+
+ if (name_data && name_len > 0) {
+ wolfssl_pending_sni().assign(static_cast<const char *>(name_data),
+ name_len);
+ } else {
+ wolfssl_pending_sni().clear();
+ }
+ return 0; // Continue regardless
+}
+
+// wolfSSL verify callback wrapper
+inline int wolfssl_verify_callback(int preverify_ok,
+ WOLFSSL_X509_STORE_CTX *x509_ctx) {
+ auto &callback = get_verify_callback();
+ if (!callback) { return preverify_ok; }
+
+ WOLFSSL_X509 *cert = wolfSSL_X509_STORE_CTX_get_current_cert(x509_ctx);
+ int depth = wolfSSL_X509_STORE_CTX_get_error_depth(x509_ctx);
+ int err = wolfSSL_X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(x509_ctx);
+
+ // Get the WOLFSSL object from the X509_STORE_CTX
+ WOLFSSL *ssl = static_cast<WOLFSSL *>(wolfSSL_X509_STORE_CTX_get_ex_data(
+ x509_ctx, wolfSSL_get_ex_data_X509_STORE_CTX_idx()));
+
+ VerifyContext verify_ctx;
+ verify_ctx.session = static_cast<session_t>(ssl);
+ verify_ctx.cert = static_cast<cert_t>(cert);
+ verify_ctx.depth = depth;
+ verify_ctx.preverify_ok = (preverify_ok != 0);
+ verify_ctx.error_code = static_cast<long>(err);
+
+ if (err != 0) {
+ verify_ctx.error_string = wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert_error_string(err);
+ } else {
+ verify_ctx.error_string = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ bool accepted = callback(verify_ctx);
+ return accepted ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+inline void set_wolfssl_password_cb(WOLFSSL_CTX *ctx, const char *password) {
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_default_passwd_cb_userdata(ctx, const_cast<char *>(password));
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_default_passwd_cb(
+ ctx, [](char *buf, int size, int /*rwflag*/, void *userdata) -> int {
+ auto *pwd = static_cast<const char *>(userdata);
+ if (!pwd) return 0;
+ auto len = static_cast<int>(strlen(pwd));
+ if (len > size) len = size;
+ memcpy(buf, pwd, static_cast<size_t>(len));
+ return len;
+ });
+}
+
+} // namespace impl
+
+inline ctx_t create_client_context() {
+ auto ctx = new (std::nothrow) impl::WolfSSLContext();
+ if (!ctx) { return nullptr; }
+
+ ctx->is_server = false;
+
+ WOLFSSL_METHOD *method = wolfTLSv1_2_client_method();
+ if (!method) {
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ ctx->ctx = wolfSSL_CTX_new(method);
+ if (!ctx->ctx) {
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ // Default: verify peer certificate
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, nullptr);
+
+ return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
+}
+
+inline ctx_t create_server_context() {
+ auto ctx = new (std::nothrow) impl::WolfSSLContext();
+ if (!ctx) { return nullptr; }
+
+ ctx->is_server = true;
+
+ WOLFSSL_METHOD *method = wolfTLSv1_2_server_method();
+ if (!method) {
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ ctx->ctx = wolfSSL_CTX_new(method);
+ if (!ctx->ctx) {
+ delete ctx;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ // Default: don't verify client
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, nullptr);
+
+ // Enable SNI on server
+ wolfSSL_CTX_SNI_SetOptions(ctx->ctx, WOLFSSL_SNI_HOST_NAME,
+ WOLFSSL_SNI_CONTINUE_ON_MISMATCH);
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_servername_callback(ctx->ctx, impl::wolfssl_sni_callback);
+
+ return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
+}
+
+inline void free_context(ctx_t ctx) {
+ if (ctx) { delete static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx); }
+}
+
+inline bool set_min_version(ctx_t ctx, Version version) {
+ if (!ctx) { return false; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ int min_ver = WOLFSSL_TLSV1_2;
+ if (version >= Version::TLS1_3) { min_ver = WOLFSSL_TLSV1_3; }
+
+ return wolfSSL_CTX_SetMinVersion(wctx->ctx, min_ver) == WOLFSSL_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *pem, size_t len) {
+ if (!ctx || !pem) { return false; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(
+ wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem),
+ static_cast<long>(len), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+ wctx->ca_pem_data_.append(pem, len);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *file_path) {
+ if (!ctx || !file_path) { return false; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(wctx->ctx, file_path, nullptr);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool load_ca_dir(ctx_t ctx, const char *dir_path) {
+ if (!ctx || !dir_path) { return false; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(wctx->ctx, nullptr, dir_path);
+ // wolfSSL may fail if the directory doesn't contain properly hashed certs.
+ // Unlike OpenSSL which lazily loads certs from directories, wolfSSL scans
+ // immediately. Return true even on failure since the CA file may have
+ // already been loaded, matching OpenSSL's lenient behavior.
+ (void)ret;
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool load_system_certs(ctx_t ctx) {
+ if (!ctx) { return false; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+ bool loaded = false;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ loaded = impl::enumerate_windows_system_certs(
+ [&](const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
+ return wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(wctx->ctx, data,
+ static_cast<long>(len),
+ SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1) == SSL_SUCCESS;
+ });
+#elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN)
+ loaded = impl::enumerate_macos_keychain_certs(
+ [&](const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
+ return wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(wctx->ctx, data,
+ static_cast<long>(len),
+ SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1) == SSL_SUCCESS;
+ });
+#else
+ for (auto path = impl::system_ca_paths(); *path; ++path) {
+ if (wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(wctx->ctx, *path, nullptr) ==
+ SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ loaded = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!loaded) {
+ for (auto dir = impl::system_ca_dirs(); *dir; ++dir) {
+ if (wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(wctx->ctx, nullptr, *dir) ==
+ SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ loaded = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return loaded;
+}
+
+inline bool set_client_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
+ const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert || !key) { return false; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Load certificate
+ int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_certificate_buffer(
+ wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert),
+ static_cast<long>(strlen(cert)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Set password callback if password is provided
+ if (password) { impl::set_wolfssl_password_cb(wctx->ctx, password); }
+
+ // Load private key
+ ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_buffer(
+ wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key),
+ static_cast<long>(strlen(key)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify that the certificate and private key match
+ return wolfSSL_CTX_check_private_key(wctx->ctx) == SSL_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+inline bool set_client_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
+ const char *key_path, const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert_path || !key_path) { return false; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Load certificate file
+ int ret =
+ wolfSSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(wctx->ctx, cert_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Set password callback if password is provided
+ if (password) { impl::set_wolfssl_password_cb(wctx->ctx, password); }
+
+ // Load private key file
+ ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(wctx->ctx, key_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Verify that the certificate and private key match
+ return wolfSSL_CTX_check_private_key(wctx->ctx) == SSL_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+inline void set_verify_client(ctx_t ctx, bool require) {
+ if (!ctx) { return; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+ wctx->verify_client = require;
+ if (require) {
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(
+ wctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER | SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT,
+ wctx->has_verify_callback ? impl::wolfssl_verify_callback : nullptr);
+ } else {
+ if (wctx->has_verify_callback) {
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(wctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER,
+ impl::wolfssl_verify_callback);
+ } else {
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(wctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, nullptr);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+inline session_t create_session(ctx_t ctx, socket_t sock) {
+ if (!ctx || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return nullptr; }
+ auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ auto session = new (std::nothrow) impl::WolfSSLSession();
+ if (!session) { return nullptr; }
+
+ session->sock = sock;
+ session->ssl = wolfSSL_new(wctx->ctx);
+ if (!session->ssl) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ delete session;
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ wolfSSL_set_fd(session->ssl, static_cast<int>(sock));
+
+ return static_cast<session_t>(session);
+}
+
+inline void free_session(session_t session) {
+ if (session) { delete static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session); }
+}
+
+inline bool set_sni(session_t session, const char *hostname,
+ bool verify_hostname) {
+ if (!session || !hostname) { return false; }
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+
+ int ret = wolfSSL_UseSNI(wsession->ssl, WOLFSSL_SNI_HOST_NAME, hostname,
+ static_cast<word16>(strlen(hostname)));
+ if (ret != WOLFSSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // wolfSSL_check_domain_name binds identity checking to the handshake,
+ // separately from the SNI extension sent above; skip it when hostname
+ // verification is disabled so only the chain is checked, matching OpenSSL.
+ if (verify_hostname) { wolfSSL_check_domain_name(wsession->ssl, hostname); }
+
+ wsession->hostname = hostname;
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline TlsError connect(session_t session) {
+ TlsError err;
+ if (!session) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return err;
+ }
+
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+ int ret = wolfSSL_connect(wsession->ssl);
+
+ if (ret == SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ } else {
+ int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
+ err.code = impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err.sys_errno);
+ err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() = err.backend_code;
+ }
+
+ return err;
+}
+
+inline TlsError accept(session_t session) {
+ TlsError err;
+ if (!session) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return err;
+ }
+
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+ int ret = wolfSSL_accept(wsession->ssl);
+
+ if (ret == SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ // Capture SNI from thread-local storage after successful handshake
+ wsession->sni_hostname = std::move(impl::wolfssl_pending_sni());
+ impl::wolfssl_pending_sni().clear();
+ } else {
+ int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
+ err.code = impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err.sys_errno);
+ err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() = err.backend_code;
+ }
+
+ return err;
+}
+
+inline bool connect_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
+ time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
+ TlsError *err) {
+ if (!session) {
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+
+ // Set socket to non-blocking mode
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+ auto cleanup =
+ detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });
+
+ int ret;
+ while ((ret = wolfSSL_connect(wsession->ssl)) != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
+ if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
+ if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ } else if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
+ if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Error or timeout
+ if (err) {
+ err->code =
+ impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err->sys_errno);
+ err->backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
+ }
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool accept_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
+ time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
+ TlsError *err) {
+ if (!session) {
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+
+ // Set socket to non-blocking mode
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+ auto cleanup =
+ detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });
+
+ int ret;
+ while ((ret = wolfSSL_accept(wsession->ssl)) != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
+ if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
+ if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ } else if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
+ if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Error or timeout
+ if (err) {
+ err->code =
+ impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err->sys_errno);
+ err->backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
+ }
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
+
+ // Capture SNI from thread-local storage after successful handshake
+ wsession->sni_hostname = std::move(impl::wolfssl_pending_sni());
+ impl::wolfssl_pending_sni().clear();
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t read(session_t session, void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err) {
+ if (!session || !buf) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+ int ret = wolfSSL_read(wsession->ssl, buf, static_cast<int>(len));
+
+ if (ret > 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(ret);
+ }
+
+ if (ret == 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
+ err.code = impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err.sys_errno);
+ err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() = err.backend_code;
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline ssize_t write(session_t session, const void *buf, size_t len,
+ TlsError &err) {
+ if (!session || !buf) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+ int ret = wolfSSL_write(wsession->ssl, buf, static_cast<int>(len));
+
+ if (ret > 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
+ return static_cast<ssize_t>(ret);
+ }
+
+ // wolfSSL_write returns 0 when the peer has sent a close_notify.
+ // Treat this as an error (return -1) so callers don't spin in a
+ // write loop adding zero to the offset.
+ if (ret == 0) {
+ err.code = ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
+ err.code = impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err.sys_errno);
+ err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() = err.backend_code;
+ return -1;
+}
+
+inline int pending(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return 0; }
+ auto wsession =
+ static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+ return wolfSSL_pending(wsession->ssl);
+}
+
+inline void shutdown(session_t session, bool graceful) {
+ if (!session) { return; }
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+
+ if (graceful) {
+ int ret;
+ int attempts = 0;
+ while ((ret = wolfSSL_shutdown(wsession->ssl)) != SSL_SUCCESS &&
+ attempts < 3) {
+ int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
+ if (ssl_error != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ &&
+ ssl_error != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
+ break;
+ }
+ attempts++;
+ }
+ } else {
+ wolfSSL_shutdown(wsession->ssl);
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool is_peer_closed(session_t session, socket_t sock) {
+ if (!session || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return true; }
+ auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+
+ // Check if there's already decrypted data available
+ if (wolfSSL_pending(wsession->ssl) > 0) { return false; }
+
+ // Set socket to non-blocking to avoid blocking on read
+ detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+ auto cleanup =
+ detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });
+
+ // Peek 1 byte to check connection status without consuming data
+ unsigned char buf;
+ int ret = wolfSSL_peek(wsession->ssl, &buf, 1);
+
+ // If we got data or WANT_READ (would block), connection is alive
+ if (ret > 0) { return false; }
+
+ int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
+ if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) { return false; }
+
+ return ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN || ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL ||
+ ret == 0;
+}
+
+inline cert_t get_peer_cert(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return nullptr; }
+ auto wsession =
+ static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+
+ WOLFSSL_X509 *cert = wolfSSL_get_peer_certificate(wsession->ssl);
+ return static_cast<cert_t>(cert);
+}
+
+inline void free_cert(cert_t cert) {
+ if (cert) { wolfSSL_X509_free(static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert)); }
+}
+
+inline bool verify_hostname(cert_t cert, const char *hostname) {
+ if (!cert || !hostname) { return false; }
+ auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);
+ std::string host_str(hostname);
+
+ // Check if hostname is an IP address (IPv4 or IPv6)
+ unsigned char ip_bytes[16];
+ auto ip_len = impl::parse_ip_address(host_str, ip_bytes);
+ auto is_ip = ip_len > 0;
+
+ // Check Subject Alternative Names
+ auto *san_names = static_cast<WOLF_STACK_OF(WOLFSSL_GENERAL_NAME) *>(
+ wolfSSL_X509_get_ext_d2i(x509, NID_subject_alt_name, nullptr, nullptr));
+
+ if (san_names) {
+ int san_count = wolfSSL_sk_num(san_names);
+ for (int i = 0; i < san_count; i++) {
+ auto *names =
+ static_cast<WOLFSSL_GENERAL_NAME *>(wolfSSL_sk_value(san_names, i));
+ if (!names) continue;
+
+ if (!is_ip && names->type == WOLFSSL_GEN_DNS) {
+ // DNS name
+ unsigned char *dns_name = nullptr;
+ int dns_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(&dns_name, names->d.dNSName);
+ if (dns_name && dns_len > 0) {
+ std::string san_name(reinterpret_cast<char *>(dns_name),
+ static_cast<size_t>(dns_len));
+ XFREE(dns_name, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
+ if (detail::match_hostname(san_name, host_str)) {
+ wolfSSL_sk_free(san_names);
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ } else if (is_ip && names->type == WOLFSSL_GEN_IPADD) {
+ // IP address: only an iPAddress SAN of the same family (4 bytes for
+ // IPv4, 16 bytes for IPv6) may authenticate the host.
+ unsigned char *ip_data = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_data(names->d.iPAddress);
+ auto san_ip_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_length(names->d.iPAddress);
+ if (ip_data && san_ip_len == static_cast<int>(ip_len) &&
+ memcmp(ip_data, ip_bytes, ip_len) == 0) {
+ wolfSSL_sk_free(san_names);
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ wolfSSL_sk_free(san_names);
+ }
+
+ // Fallback: Check Common Name (CN) in subject. Skipped for IP-literal hosts:
+ // an IP identity is only valid via an iPAddress SAN, never the CN (RFC 9110;
+ // the OpenSSL backend's X509_check_ip behaves the same way).
+ auto subject = is_ip ? nullptr : wolfSSL_X509_get_subject_name(x509);
+ if (subject) {
+ char cn[256] = {};
+ int cn_len = wolfSSL_X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(subject, NID_commonName, cn,
+ sizeof(cn));
+ if (cn_len > 0) {
+ std::string cn_str(cn, static_cast<size_t>(cn_len));
+ if (detail::match_hostname(cn_str, host_str)) { return true; }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+inline uint64_t hostname_mismatch_code() {
+ return static_cast<uint64_t>(DOMAIN_NAME_MISMATCH);
+}
+
+inline long get_verify_result(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return -1; }
+ auto wsession =
+ static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+ long result = wolfSSL_get_verify_result(wsession->ssl);
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_subject_cn(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);
+
+ WOLFSSL_X509_NAME *subject = wolfSSL_X509_get_subject_name(x509);
+ if (!subject) return "";
+
+ char cn[256] = {};
+ int cn_len = wolfSSL_X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(subject, NID_commonName, cn,
+ sizeof(cn));
+ if (cn_len <= 0) return "";
+ return std::string(cn, static_cast<size_t>(cn_len));
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_issuer_name(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);
+
+ WOLFSSL_X509_NAME *issuer = wolfSSL_X509_get_issuer_name(x509);
+ if (!issuer) return "";
+
+ char *name_str = wolfSSL_X509_NAME_oneline(issuer, nullptr, 0);
+ if (!name_str) return "";
+
+ std::string result(name_str);
+ XFREE(name_str, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_sans(cert_t cert, std::vector<SanEntry> &sans) {
+ sans.clear();
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);
+
+ auto *san_names = static_cast<WOLF_STACK_OF(WOLFSSL_GENERAL_NAME) *>(
+ wolfSSL_X509_get_ext_d2i(x509, NID_subject_alt_name, nullptr, nullptr));
+ if (!san_names) return true; // No SANs is not an error
+
+ int count = wolfSSL_sk_num(san_names);
+ for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ auto *name =
+ static_cast<WOLFSSL_GENERAL_NAME *>(wolfSSL_sk_value(san_names, i));
+ if (!name) continue;
+
+ SanEntry entry;
+ switch (name->type) {
+ case WOLFSSL_GEN_DNS: {
+ entry.type = SanType::DNS;
+ unsigned char *dns_name = nullptr;
+ int dns_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(&dns_name, name->d.dNSName);
+ if (dns_name && dns_len > 0) {
+ entry.value = std::string(reinterpret_cast<char *>(dns_name),
+ static_cast<size_t>(dns_len));
+ XFREE(dns_name, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case WOLFSSL_GEN_IPADD: {
+ entry.type = SanType::IP;
+ unsigned char *ip_data = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_data(name->d.iPAddress);
+ int ip_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_length(name->d.iPAddress);
+ if (ip_data && ip_len == 4) {
+ char buf[16];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d", ip_data[0], ip_data[1],
+ ip_data[2], ip_data[3]);
+ entry.value = buf;
+ } else if (ip_data && ip_len == 16) {
+ char buf[64];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+ "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:"
+ "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x",
+ ip_data[0], ip_data[1], ip_data[2], ip_data[3], ip_data[4],
+ ip_data[5], ip_data[6], ip_data[7], ip_data[8], ip_data[9],
+ ip_data[10], ip_data[11], ip_data[12], ip_data[13],
+ ip_data[14], ip_data[15]);
+ entry.value = buf;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case WOLFSSL_GEN_EMAIL:
+ entry.type = SanType::EMAIL;
+ {
+ unsigned char *email = nullptr;
+ int email_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(&email, name->d.rfc822Name);
+ if (email && email_len > 0) {
+ entry.value = std::string(reinterpret_cast<char *>(email),
+ static_cast<size_t>(email_len));
+ XFREE(email, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ case WOLFSSL_GEN_URI:
+ entry.type = SanType::URI;
+ {
+ unsigned char *uri = nullptr;
+ int uri_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(
+ &uri, name->d.uniformResourceIdentifier);
+ if (uri && uri_len > 0) {
+ entry.value = std::string(reinterpret_cast<char *>(uri),
+ static_cast<size_t>(uri_len));
+ XFREE(uri, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ default: entry.type = SanType::OTHER; break;
+ }
+
+ if (!entry.value.empty()) { sans.push_back(std::move(entry)); }
+ }
+ wolfSSL_sk_free(san_names);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_validity(cert_t cert, time_t &not_before,
+ time_t &not_after) {
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);
+
+ const WOLFSSL_ASN1_TIME *nb = wolfSSL_X509_get_notBefore(x509);
+ const WOLFSSL_ASN1_TIME *na = wolfSSL_X509_get_notAfter(x509);
+
+ if (!nb || !na) return false;
+
+ // wolfSSL_ASN1_TIME_to_tm is available
+ struct tm tm_nb = {}, tm_na = {};
+ if (wolfSSL_ASN1_TIME_to_tm(nb, &tm_nb) != WOLFSSL_SUCCESS) return false;
+ if (wolfSSL_ASN1_TIME_to_tm(na, &tm_na) != WOLFSSL_SUCCESS) return false;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ not_before = _mkgmtime(&tm_nb);
+ not_after = _mkgmtime(&tm_na);
+#else
+ not_before = timegm(&tm_nb);
+ not_after = timegm(&tm_na);
+#endif
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline std::string get_cert_serial(cert_t cert) {
+ if (!cert) return "";
+ auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);
+
+ WOLFSSL_ASN1_INTEGER *serial_asn1 = wolfSSL_X509_get_serialNumber(x509);
+ if (!serial_asn1) return "";
+
+ // Get the serial number data
+ int len = serial_asn1->length;
+ unsigned char *data = serial_asn1->data;
+ if (!data || len <= 0) return "";
+
+ std::string result;
+ result.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(len) * 2);
+ for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+ char hex[3];
+ snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02X", data[i]);
+ result += hex;
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+inline bool get_cert_der(cert_t cert, std::vector<unsigned char> &der) {
+ if (!cert) return false;
+ auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);
+
+ int der_len = 0;
+ const unsigned char *der_data = wolfSSL_X509_get_der(x509, &der_len);
+ if (!der_data || der_len <= 0) return false;
+
+ der.assign(der_data, der_data + der_len);
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline const char *get_sni(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) return nullptr;
+ auto wsession = static_cast<const impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
+
+ // For server: return SNI received from client during handshake
+ if (!wsession->sni_hostname.empty()) {
+ return wsession->sni_hostname.c_str();
+ }
+
+ // For client: return the hostname set via set_sni
+ if (!wsession->hostname.empty()) { return wsession->hostname.c_str(); }
+
+ return nullptr;
+}
+
+inline uint64_t peek_error() {
+ return static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+}
+
+inline uint64_t get_error() {
+ uint64_t err = impl::wolfssl_last_error();
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() = 0;
+ return err;
+}
+
+inline std::string error_string(uint64_t code) {
+ char buf[256];
+ wolfSSL_ERR_error_string(static_cast<unsigned long>(code), buf);
+ return std::string(buf);
+}
+
+inline ca_store_t create_ca_store(const char *pem, size_t len) {
+ if (!pem || len == 0) { return nullptr; }
+ // Validate by attempting to load into a temporary ctx
+ WOLFSSL_CTX *tmp_ctx = wolfSSL_CTX_new(wolfTLSv1_2_client_method());
+ if (!tmp_ctx) { return nullptr; }
+ int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(
+ tmp_ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem),
+ static_cast<long>(len), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ wolfSSL_CTX_free(tmp_ctx);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) { return nullptr; }
+ return static_cast<ca_store_t>(
+ new impl::WolfSSLCAStore{std::string(pem, len)});
+}
+
+inline void free_ca_store(ca_store_t store) {
+ delete static_cast<impl::WolfSSLCAStore *>(store);
+}
+
+inline bool set_ca_store(ctx_t ctx, ca_store_t store) {
+ if (!ctx || !store) { return false; }
+ auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+ auto *ca = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLCAStore *>(store);
+ int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(
+ wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(ca->pem_data.data()),
+ static_cast<long>(ca->pem_data.size()), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret == SSL_SUCCESS) { wctx->ca_pem_data_ += ca->pem_data; }
+ // This function takes ownership of the store; the PEM data was copied into
+ // the context, so release the source
+ free_ca_store(store);
+ return ret == SSL_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+inline size_t get_ca_certs(ctx_t ctx, std::vector<cert_t> &certs) {
+ certs.clear();
+ if (!ctx) { return 0; }
+ auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+ if (wctx->ca_pem_data_.empty()) { return 0; }
+
+ const std::string &pem = wctx->ca_pem_data_;
+ const std::string begin_marker = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----";
+ const std::string end_marker = "-----END CERTIFICATE-----";
+ size_t pos = 0;
+ while ((pos = pem.find(begin_marker, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
+ size_t end_pos = pem.find(end_marker, pos);
+ if (end_pos == std::string::npos) { break; }
+ end_pos += end_marker.size();
+ std::string cert_pem = pem.substr(pos, end_pos - pos);
+ WOLFSSL_X509 *x509 = wolfSSL_X509_load_certificate_buffer(
+ reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_pem.data()),
+ static_cast<int>(cert_pem.size()), WOLFSSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (x509) { certs.push_back(static_cast<cert_t>(x509)); }
+ pos = end_pos;
+ }
+ return certs.size();
+}
+
+inline std::vector<std::string> get_ca_names(ctx_t ctx) {
+ std::vector<std::string> names;
+ if (!ctx) { return names; }
+ auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+ if (wctx->ca_pem_data_.empty()) { return names; }
+
+ const std::string &pem = wctx->ca_pem_data_;
+ const std::string begin_marker = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----";
+ const std::string end_marker = "-----END CERTIFICATE-----";
+ size_t pos = 0;
+ while ((pos = pem.find(begin_marker, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
+ size_t end_pos = pem.find(end_marker, pos);
+ if (end_pos == std::string::npos) { break; }
+ end_pos += end_marker.size();
+ std::string cert_pem = pem.substr(pos, end_pos - pos);
+ WOLFSSL_X509 *x509 = wolfSSL_X509_load_certificate_buffer(
+ reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_pem.data()),
+ static_cast<int>(cert_pem.size()), WOLFSSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (x509) {
+ WOLFSSL_X509_NAME *subject = wolfSSL_X509_get_subject_name(x509);
+ if (subject) {
+ char *name_str = wolfSSL_X509_NAME_oneline(subject, nullptr, 0);
+ if (name_str) {
+ names.push_back(name_str);
+ XFREE(name_str, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
+ }
+ }
+ wolfSSL_X509_free(x509);
+ }
+ pos = end_pos;
+ }
+ return names;
+}
+
+inline bool update_server_cert(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_pem,
+ const char *key_pem, const char *password) {
+ if (!ctx || !cert_pem || !key_pem) { return false; }
+ auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ // Load new certificate
+ int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_certificate_buffer(
+ wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_pem),
+ static_cast<long>(strlen(cert_pem)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Set password if provided
+ if (password) { impl::set_wolfssl_password_cb(wctx->ctx, password); }
+
+ // Load new private key
+ ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_buffer(
+ wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_pem),
+ static_cast<long>(strlen(key_pem)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool update_server_client_ca(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_pem) {
+ if (!ctx || !ca_pem) { return false; }
+ auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(
+ wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(ca_pem),
+ static_cast<long>(strlen(ca_pem)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
+ if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
+ impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
+ static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline bool set_verify_callback(ctx_t ctx, VerifyCallback callback) {
+ if (!ctx) { return false; }
+ auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
+
+ impl::get_verify_callback() = std::move(callback);
+ wctx->has_verify_callback = static_cast<bool>(impl::get_verify_callback());
+
+ if (wctx->has_verify_callback) {
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(wctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER,
+ impl::wolfssl_verify_callback);
+ } else {
+ wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(
+ wctx->ctx,
+ wctx->verify_client
+ ? (SSL_VERIFY_PEER | SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT)
+ : SSL_VERIFY_NONE,
+ nullptr);
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline long get_verify_error(const_session_t session) {
+ if (!session) { return -1; }
+ auto *wsession =
+ static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
+ return wolfSSL_get_verify_result(wsession->ssl);
+}
+
+inline std::string verify_error_string(long error_code) {
+ if (error_code == 0) { return ""; }
+ const char *str =
+ wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert_error_string(static_cast<int>(error_code));
+ return str ? std::string(str) : std::string();
+}
+
+} // namespace tls
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
+
+// WebSocket implementation
+namespace ws {
+
+inline bool WebSocket::send_frame(Opcode op, const char *data, size_t len,
+ bool fin) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
+ if (closed_) { return false; }
+ return detail::write_websocket_frame(strm_, op, data, len, fin, !is_server_);
+}
+
+inline ReadResult WebSocket::read(std::string &msg) {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> read_lock(read_mutex_);
+ while (!closed_) {
+ Opcode opcode;
+ std::string payload;
+ bool fin;
+
+ impl::FrameRead r =
+ impl::read_websocket_frame(strm_, opcode, payload, fin, is_server_,
+ CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH);
+ // A timeout landed on a frame boundary: the connection is untouched and
+ // still usable, so hand control back without closing it. That is only
+ // useful to a caller who asked for the timeout; the compile-time default
+ // is a backstop against a peer gone quiet, and elapsing it closes the
+ // connection so a plain `while (ws.read(msg))` loop ends.
+ if (r == impl::FrameRead::Timeout && read_timeout_set_) { return Timeout; }
+ if (r != impl::FrameRead::Ok) {
+ closed_ = true;
+ return Fail;
+ }
+
+ switch (opcode) {
+ case Opcode::Ping: {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
+ detail::write_websocket_frame(strm_, Opcode::Pong, payload.data(),
+ payload.size(), true, !is_server_);
+ continue;
+ }
+ case Opcode::Pong: {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ping_mutex_);
+ unacked_pings_ = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ case Opcode::Close: {
+ if (!closed_.exchange(true)) {
+ // Echo close frame back
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
+ detail::write_websocket_frame(strm_, Opcode::Close, payload.data(),
+ payload.size(), true, !is_server_);
+ }
+ return Fail;
+ }
+ case Opcode::Text:
+ case Opcode::Binary: {
+ auto result = opcode == Opcode::Text ? Text : Binary;
+ msg = std::move(payload);
+
+ // Handle fragmentation
+ if (!fin) {
+ while (true) {
+ Opcode cont_opcode;
+ std::string cont_payload;
+ bool cont_fin;
+ // A timeout is not reportable here: half of a fragmented message is
+ // already in `msg` and read() has no way to resume it, so it is a
+ // failure like any other. Timeouts are only ever seen on a message
+ // boundary.
+ if (impl::read_websocket_frame(
+ strm_, cont_opcode, cont_payload, cont_fin, is_server_,
+ CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH) !=
+ impl::FrameRead::Ok) {
+ closed_ = true;
+ return Fail;
+ }
+ if (cont_opcode == Opcode::Ping) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
+ detail::write_websocket_frame(
+ strm_, Opcode::Pong, cont_payload.data(), cont_payload.size(),
+ true, !is_server_);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (cont_opcode == Opcode::Pong) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ping_mutex_);
+ unacked_pings_ = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (cont_opcode == Opcode::Close) {
+ if (!closed_.exchange(true)) {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
+ detail::write_websocket_frame(
+ strm_, Opcode::Close, cont_payload.data(),
+ cont_payload.size(), true, !is_server_);
+ }
+ return Fail;
+ }
+ // RFC 6455: continuation frames must use opcode 0x0
+ if (cont_opcode != Opcode::Continuation) {
+ closed_ = true;
+ return Fail;
+ }
+ msg += cont_payload;
+ if (msg.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH) {
+ closed_ = true;
+ return Fail;
+ }
+ if (cont_fin) { break; }
+ }
+ }
+ // RFC 6455 Section 5.6: text frames must contain valid UTF-8
+ if (result == Text && !impl::is_valid_utf8(msg)) {
+ // close() takes the read lock to wait for the peer's Close reply, so
+ // it must not run while this thread still holds it.
+ read_lock.unlock();
+ close(CloseStatus::InvalidPayload, "invalid UTF-8");
+ return Fail;
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+ default: closed_ = true; return Fail;
+ }
+ }
+ return Fail;
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocket::send(const std::string &data) {
+ return send_frame(Opcode::Text, data.data(), data.size());
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocket::send(const char *data, size_t len) {
+ return send_frame(Opcode::Binary, data, len);
+}
+
+inline void WebSocket::close(CloseStatus status, const std::string &reason) {
+ if (closed_.exchange(true)) { return; }
+ ping_cv_.notify_all();
+ std::string payload;
+ auto code = static_cast<uint16_t>(status);
+ payload.push_back(static_cast<char>((code >> 8) & 0xFF));
+ payload.push_back(static_cast<char>(code & 0xFF));
+ // RFC 6455 Section 5.5: control frame payload must not exceed 125 bytes
+ // Close frame has 2-byte status code, so reason is limited to 123 bytes
+ payload += reason.substr(0, 123);
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
+ detail::write_websocket_frame(strm_, Opcode::Close, payload.data(),
+ payload.size(), true, !is_server_);
+ }
+
+ // RFC 6455 Section 7.1.1: after sending a Close frame, wait for the peer's
+ // Close response before closing the TCP connection.
+ //
+ // Wait only when no other thread is parsing frames. When one is, it is the
+ // thread positioned to see the peer's reply, and reading here would take
+ // bytes out of the message it is assembling. Bailing out also leaves the
+ // stream, including its read timeout, entirely to that thread.
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> read_lock(read_mutex_, std::try_to_lock);
+ if (!read_lock.owns_lock()) { return; }
+
+ // Use a short timeout to avoid hanging if the peer doesn't respond.
+ strm_.set_read_timeout(CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_SECOND, 0);
+
+ Opcode op;
+ std::string resp;
+ bool fin;
+ while (impl::read_websocket_frame(strm_, op, resp, fin, is_server_, 125) ==
+ impl::FrameRead::Ok) {
+ if (op == Opcode::Close) { break; }
+ }
+}
+
+inline WebSocket::~WebSocket() {
+ {
+ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ping_mutex_);
+ closed_ = true;
+ }
+ ping_cv_.notify_all();
+ if (ping_thread_.joinable()) { ping_thread_.join(); }
+}
+
+inline void WebSocket::start_heartbeat() {
+ if (ping_interval_sec_ == 0) { return; }
+ ping_thread_ = std::thread([this]() {
+ std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(ping_mutex_);
+ while (!closed_) {
+ ping_cv_.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(ping_interval_sec_));
+ if (closed_) { break; }
+ // If the peer has failed to respond to the previous pings, give up.
+ // RFC 6455 does not define a pong-timeout mechanism; this is an
+ // opt-in liveness check controlled by max_missed_pongs_.
+ if (max_missed_pongs_ > 0 && unacked_pings_ >= max_missed_pongs_) {
+ lock.unlock();
+ close(CloseStatus::GoingAway, "pong timeout");
+ return;
+ }
+ lock.unlock();
+ if (!send_frame(Opcode::Ping, nullptr, 0)) {
+ lock.lock();
+ closed_ = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ lock.lock();
+ unacked_pings_++;
+ }
+ });
+}
+
+inline const Request &WebSocket::request() const { return req_; }
+
+inline bool WebSocket::is_open() const { return !closed_; }
+
+inline void WebSocket::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ // 0 waits forever here, as it does for SO_RCVTIMEO. The stream waits with
+ // poll(), where 0 would instead mean "return immediately", so hand it the
+ // negative poll uses for an unbounded wait.
+ if (sec == 0 && usec == 0) { sec = -1; }
+ strm_.set_read_timeout(sec, usec);
+ read_timeout_set_ = true;
+}
+
+// WebSocketClient implementation
+inline WebSocketClient::WebSocketClient(
+ const std::string &scheme_host_port_path, const Headers &headers)
+ : headers_(headers) {
+ detail::UrlComponents uc;
+ if (detail::parse_url(scheme_host_port_path, uc) && !uc.scheme.empty() &&
+ !uc.host.empty() && !uc.path.empty()) {
+ auto &scheme = uc.scheme;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (scheme != "ws" && scheme != "wss") {
+#else
+ if (scheme != "ws") {
+#endif
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+ std::string msg = "'" + scheme + "' scheme is not supported.";
+ throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
+#endif
+ return;
+ }
+
+ auto is_ssl = scheme == "wss";
+
+ host_ = std::move(uc.host);
+
+ port_ = is_ssl ? 443 : 80;
+ if (!uc.port.empty() && !detail::parse_port(uc.port, port_)) { return; }
+
+ path_ = std::move(uc.path);
+ if (!uc.query.empty()) { path_ += uc.query; }
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ is_ssl_ = is_ssl;
+ if (is_ssl_) {
+ // The context lives as long as the client so that CA configuration
+ // survives reconnects; sessions are created per connection.
+ tls_ctx_ = tls::create_client_context();
+ if (!tls_ctx_) { return; }
+ }
+#else
+ if (is_ssl) { return; }
+#endif
+
+ is_valid_ = true;
+ }
+}
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+inline WebSocketClient::WebSocketClient(
+ const std::string &scheme_host_port_path, const PemMemory &pem,
+ const Headers &headers)
+ : WebSocketClient(scheme_host_port_path, headers) {
+ // For ws:// URLs the client certificate is silently ignored, consistent
+ // with the TLS-only setters such as set_ca_cert_path().
+ if (is_valid_ && is_ssl_ && pem.cert_pem && pem.key_pem) {
+ if (!tls::set_client_cert_pem(tls_ctx_, pem.cert_pem, pem.key_pem,
+ pem.private_key_password)) {
+ tls::free_context(tls_ctx_);
+ tls_ctx_ = nullptr;
+ is_valid_ = false;
+ }
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+inline WebSocketClient::~WebSocketClient() {
+ shutdown_and_close();
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (tls_ctx_) {
+ tls::free_context(tls_ctx_);
+ tls_ctx_ = nullptr;
+ }
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocketClient::is_valid() const { return is_valid_; }
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::shutdown_and_close() {
+ // Send the close frame while the TLS session is still alive: ws_ holds an
+ // SSLSocketStream that keeps a raw pointer to tls_session_, so the session
+ // must outlive ws_->close() and ws_.reset() to avoid a use-after-free.
+ if (ws_ && ws_->is_open()) { ws_->close(); }
+ ws_.reset();
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (is_ssl_) {
+ if (tls_session_) {
+ tls::shutdown(tls_session_, true);
+ tls::free_session(tls_session_);
+ tls_session_ = nullptr;
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+ if (sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ detail::shutdown_socket(sock_);
+ detail::close_socket(sock_);
+ sock_ = INVALID_SOCKET;
+ }
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocketClient::create_stream(std::unique_ptr<Stream> &strm,
+ Error &error, int &ssl_error,
+ uint64_t &ssl_backend_error) {
+ // A read timeout of 0 means "wait forever", the way SO_RCVTIMEO reads it.
+ // The streams wait with poll(), where 0 instead means "return immediately",
+ // so they are given the negative poll uses for an unbounded wait.
+ auto unbounded = read_timeout_sec_ == 0 && read_timeout_usec_ == 0;
+ time_t strm_read_sec = unbounded ? -1 : read_timeout_sec_;
+ time_t strm_read_usec = unbounded ? 0 : read_timeout_usec_;
+ // The handshake belongs to establishing the connection, so an unset read
+ // timeout leaves it bounded by the connection timeout instead of forever.
+ time_t hs_sec = unbounded ? connection_timeout_sec_ : read_timeout_sec_;
+ time_t hs_usec = unbounded ? connection_timeout_usec_ : read_timeout_usec_;
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ if (is_ssl_) {
+ // A plain flag rather than SSLClient::load_certs()'s call_once: connect()
+ // is not safe to call concurrently on one client to begin with, since
+ // nothing else here is guarded either.
+ if (server_certificate_verification_ && !certs_loaded_) {
+ uint64_t backend_error = 0;
+ detail::load_client_ca_config(tls_ctx_, ca_cert_file_path_,
+ ca_cert_dir_path_, custom_ca_loaded_,
+ system_ca_mode_, backend_error);
+ certs_loaded_ = true;
+ }
+
+ detail::ClientTlsSessionOptions options;
+ options.server_hostname_verification = server_hostname_verification_;
+
+ detail::ClientTlsSessionError tls_error;
+ if (!detail::setup_client_tls_session(host_, tls_ctx_, tls_session_, sock_,
+ server_certificate_verification_,
+ hs_sec, hs_usec, &tls_error,
+ options)) {
+ error = tls_error.error;
+ ssl_error = tls_error.ssl_error;
+ ssl_backend_error = tls_error.backend_error;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ strm = std::unique_ptr<Stream>(new detail::WebSocketSSLStream(
+ sock_, tls_session_, strm_read_sec, strm_read_usec, write_timeout_sec_,
+ write_timeout_usec_));
+ return true;
+ }
+#else
+ (void)error;
+ (void)ssl_error;
+ (void)ssl_backend_error;
+ (void)hs_sec;
+ (void)hs_usec;
+#endif
+ strm = std::unique_ptr<Stream>(
+ new detail::SocketStream(sock_, strm_read_sec, strm_read_usec,
+ write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_));
+ return true;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::prepare_default_headers(Request &req) {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ auto is_ssl = is_ssl_;
+#else
+ auto is_ssl = false;
+#endif
+
+ if (!req.has_header("Host")) {
+ req.headers.emplace("Host", detail::make_default_host_header_value(
+ host_, port_, is_ssl, address_family_));
+ }
+
+ detail::add_default_user_agent_header(req);
+}
+
+inline Result WebSocketClient::connect() {
+ if (!is_valid_) { return Result{Error::Connection, -1, Headers{}}; }
+ shutdown_and_close();
+
+ // Check is custom IP or hostname specified for host_
+ std::string connect_host;
+ std::string ip;
+ detail::apply_addr_map(addr_map_, host_, connect_host, ip);
+
+ auto error = Error::Success;
+ sock_ = detail::create_client_socket(
+ connect_host, ip, port_, address_family_, tcp_nodelay_, ipv6_v6only_,
+ socket_options_, connection_timeout_sec_, connection_timeout_usec_,
+ read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
+ write_timeout_usec_, interface_, error);
+
+ if (sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+ if (error == Error::Success) { error = Error::Connection; }
+ return Result{error, -1, Headers{}};
+ }
+
+ std::unique_ptr<Stream> strm;
+ auto stream_error = Error::SSLConnection;
+ int ssl_error = 0;
+ uint64_t ssl_backend_error = 0;
+ if (!create_stream(strm, stream_error, ssl_error, ssl_backend_error)) {
+ shutdown_and_close();
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+ return Result{stream_error, -1, Headers{}, ssl_error, ssl_backend_error};
+#else
+ return Result{stream_error, -1, Headers{}};
+#endif
+ }
+
+ Request req;
+ req.method = "GET";
+ req.path = path_;
+ req.headers = headers_;
+ prepare_default_headers(req);
+
+ detail::WebSocketUpgradeResponse upgrade;
+ if (!detail::perform_websocket_handshake(*strm, req, upgrade)) {
+ shutdown_and_close();
+ return Result{upgrade.error, upgrade.status, std::move(upgrade.headers)};
+ }
+ subprotocol_ = std::move(upgrade.selected_subprotocol);
+
+ ws_ = std::unique_ptr<WebSocket>(new WebSocket(std::move(strm), req, false,
+ websocket_ping_interval_sec_,
+ websocket_max_missed_pongs_));
+ // The stream was created with the timeout already; tell the WebSocket
+ // whether it came from the caller, so read() knows to report it as Timeout.
+ ws_->read_timeout_set_ = read_timeout_set_;
+ return Result{Error::Success, upgrade.status, std::move(upgrade.headers)};
+}
+
+inline ReadResult WebSocketClient::read(std::string &msg) {
+ if (!ws_) { return Fail; }
+ return ws_->read(msg);
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocketClient::send(const std::string &data) {
+ if (!ws_) { return false; }
+ return ws_->send(data);
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocketClient::send(const char *data, size_t len) {
+ if (!ws_) { return false; }
+ return ws_->send(data, len);
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::close(CloseStatus status,
+ const std::string &reason) {
+ if (ws_) { ws_->close(status, reason); }
+}
+
+inline bool WebSocketClient::is_open() const { return ws_ && ws_->is_open(); }
+
+inline const std::string &WebSocketClient::subprotocol() const {
+ return subprotocol_;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+ read_timeout_set_ = true;
+ // The members above only seed the next connect(); read() consults the
+ // stream, so an already-open connection has to be told directly.
+ if (ws_) { ws_->set_read_timeout(sec, usec); }
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ write_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ write_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_websocket_ping_interval(time_t sec) {
+ websocket_ping_interval_sec_ = sec;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_websocket_max_missed_pongs(int count) {
+ websocket_max_missed_pongs_ = count;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_tcp_nodelay(bool on) { tcp_nodelay_ = on; }
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_address_family(int family) {
+ address_family_ = family;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_ipv6_v6only(bool on) { ipv6_v6only_ = on; }
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options) {
+ socket_options_ = std::move(socket_options);
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+ connection_timeout_sec_ = sec;
+ connection_timeout_usec_ = usec;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_interface(const std::string &intf) {
+ interface_ = intf;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_hostname_addr_map(
+ std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map) {
+ addr_map_ = std::move(addr_map);
+}
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+inline void
+WebSocketClient::set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
+ const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path) {
+ ca_cert_file_path_ = ca_cert_file_path;
+ ca_cert_dir_path_ = ca_cert_dir_path;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t store) {
+ if (store && tls_ctx_) {
+ // set_ca_store takes ownership of store
+ tls::set_ca_store(tls_ctx_, store);
+ custom_ca_loaded_ = true;
+ } else if (store) {
+ tls::free_ca_store(store);
+ }
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert,
+ std::size_t size) {
+ if (tls_ctx_ && ca_cert && size > 0) {
+ tls::load_ca_pem(tls_ctx_, ca_cert, size);
+ custom_ca_loaded_ = true;
+ }
+}
+
+inline void
+WebSocketClient::enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
+ server_certificate_verification_ = enabled;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled) {
+ server_hostname_verification_ = enabled;
+}
+
+inline void WebSocketClient::enable_system_ca(bool enabled) {
+ system_ca_mode_ = enabled ? SystemCAMode::Enabled : SystemCAMode::Disabled;
+}
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
+
+} // namespace ws
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+} // namespace httplib
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H
diff --git a/include/json.hpp b/include/json.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82d69f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/json.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,25526 @@
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+/****************************************************************************\
+ * Note on documentation: The source files contain links to the online *
+ * documentation of the public API at https://json.nlohmann.me. This URL *
+ * contains the most recent documentation and should also be applicable to *
+ * previous versions; documentation for deprecated functions is not *
+ * removed, but marked deprecated. See "Generate documentation" section in *
+ * file docs/README.md. *
+\****************************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
+#define INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
+
+#include <algorithm> // all_of, find, for_each
+#include <cstddef> // nullptr_t, ptrdiff_t, size_t
+#include <functional> // hash, less
+#include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+ #include <iosfwd> // istream, ostream
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+#include <iterator> // random_access_iterator_tag
+#include <memory> // unique_ptr
+#include <string> // string, stoi, to_string
+#include <utility> // declval, forward, move, pair, swap
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/adl_serializer.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <utility>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// This file contains all macro definitions affecting or depending on the ABI
+
+#ifndef JSON_SKIP_LIBRARY_VERSION_CHECK
+ #if defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR) && defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR) && defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH)
+ #if NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR != 3 || NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR != 12 || NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH != 0
+ #warning "Already included a different version of the library!"
+ #endif
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR 3 // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR 12 // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH 0 // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
+
+#ifndef JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ #define JSON_DIAGNOSTICS 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ #define JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+ #define JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON 0
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTICS _diag
+#else
+ #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTICS
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS _dp
+#else
+ #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+ #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON _ldvcmp
+#else
+ #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_NO_VERSION
+ #define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_NO_VERSION 0
+#endif
+
+// Construct the namespace ABI tags component
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT_EX(a, b, c) json_abi ## a ## b ## c
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT(a, b, c) \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT_EX(a, b, c)
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT( \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTICS, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS)
+
+// Construct the namespace version component
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT_EX(major, minor, patch) \
+ _v ## major ## _ ## minor ## _ ## patch
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT(major, minor, patch) \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT_EX(major, minor, patch)
+
+#if NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_NO_VERSION
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION
+#else
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH)
+#endif
+
+// Combine namespace components
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT_EX(a, b) a ## b
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT(a, b) \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT_EX(a, b)
+
+#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE \
+ nlohmann::NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT( \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN \
+ namespace nlohmann \
+ { \
+ inline namespace NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT( \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION) \
+ {
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END \
+ } /* namespace (inline namespace) NOLINT(readability/namespace) */ \
+ } // namespace nlohmann
+#endif
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/from_json.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <algorithm> // transform
+#include <array> // array
+#include <forward_list> // forward_list
+#include <iterator> // inserter, front_inserter, end
+#include <map> // map
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ #include <optional> // optional
+#endif
+#include <string> // string
+#include <tuple> // tuple, make_tuple
+#include <type_traits> // is_arithmetic, is_same, is_enum, underlying_type, is_convertible
+#include <unordered_map> // unordered_map
+#include <utility> // pair, declval
+#include <valarray> // valarray
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstddef> // nullptr_t
+#include <exception> // exception
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ #include <numeric> // accumulate
+#endif
+#include <stdexcept> // runtime_error
+#include <string> // to_string
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <array> // array
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t
+#include <string> // string
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <utility> // declval, pair
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/detected.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <type_traits>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/void_t.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename ...Ts> struct make_void
+{
+ using type = void;
+};
+template<typename ...Ts> using void_t = typename make_void<Ts...>::type;
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/is_detected
+struct nonesuch
+{
+ nonesuch() = delete;
+ ~nonesuch() = delete;
+ nonesuch(nonesuch const&) = delete;
+ nonesuch(nonesuch const&&) = delete;
+ void operator=(nonesuch const&) = delete;
+ void operator=(nonesuch&&) = delete;
+};
+
+template<class Default,
+ class AlwaysVoid,
+ template<class...> class Op,
+ class... Args>
+struct detector
+{
+ using value_t = std::false_type;
+ using type = Default;
+};
+
+template<class Default, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
+struct detector<Default, void_t<Op<Args...>>, Op, Args...>
+{
+ using value_t = std::true_type;
+ using type = Op<Args...>;
+};
+
+template<template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
+using is_detected = typename detector<nonesuch, void, Op, Args...>::value_t;
+
+template<template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
+struct is_detected_lazy : is_detected<Op, Args...> { };
+
+template<template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
+using detected_t = typename detector<nonesuch, void, Op, Args...>::type;
+
+template<class Default, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
+using detected_or = detector<Default, void, Op, Args...>;
+
+template<class Default, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
+using detected_or_t = typename detected_or<Default, Op, Args...>::type;
+
+template<class Expected, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
+using is_detected_exact = std::is_same<Expected, detected_t<Op, Args...>>;
+
+template<class To, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
+using is_detected_convertible =
+ std::is_convertible<detected_t<Op, Args...>, To>;
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/thirdparty/hedley/hedley.hpp>
+
+
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2016 - 2021 Evan Nemerson <evan@nemerson.com>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+/* Hedley - https://nemequ.github.io/hedley
+ * Created by Evan Nemerson <evan@nemerson.com>
+ */
+
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION) || (JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION < 15)
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION 15
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY_EX)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY_EX
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY_EX(x) #x
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY(x) JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY_EX(x)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT_EX)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT_EX
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT_EX(a,b) a##b
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT(a,b) JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT_EX(a,b)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3_EX)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3_EX
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3_EX(a,b,c) a##b##c
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3(a,b,c) JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3_EX(a,b,c)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major,minor,revision) (((major) * 1000000) + ((minor) * 1000) + (revision))
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_MAJOR)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_MAJOR
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_MAJOR(version) ((version) / 1000000)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_MINOR)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_MINOR
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_MINOR(version) (((version) % 1000000) / 1000)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_REVISION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_REVISION
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_REVISION(version) ((version) % 1000)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__GNUC__, __GNUC_MINOR__, __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__GNUC__, __GNUC_MINOR__, 0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_FULL_VER) && (_MSC_FULL_VER >= 140000000) && !defined(__ICL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(_MSC_FULL_VER / 10000000, (_MSC_FULL_VER % 10000000) / 100000, (_MSC_FULL_VER % 100000) / 100)
+#elif defined(_MSC_FULL_VER) && !defined(__ICL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(_MSC_FULL_VER / 1000000, (_MSC_FULL_VER % 1000000) / 10000, (_MSC_FULL_VER % 10000) / 10)
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__ICL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(_MSC_VER / 100, _MSC_VER % 100, 0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (_MSC_FULL_VER >= ((major * 10000000) + (minor * 100000) + (patch)))
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (_MSC_FULL_VER >= ((major * 1000000) + (minor * 10000) + (patch)))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (_MSC_VER >= ((major * 100) + (minor)))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER_UPDATE) && !defined(__ICL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__INTEL_COMPILER / 100, __INTEL_COMPILER % 100, __INTEL_COMPILER_UPDATE)
+#elif defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && !defined(__ICL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__INTEL_COMPILER / 100, __INTEL_COMPILER % 100, 0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER_UPDATE) && defined(__ICL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__INTEL_COMPILER, __INTEL_COMPILER_UPDATE, 0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__PGI) && defined(__PGIC__) && defined(__PGIC_MINOR__) && defined(__PGIC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__PGIC__, __PGIC_MINOR__, __PGIC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__SUNPRO_C) && (__SUNPRO_C > 0x1000)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE((((__SUNPRO_C >> 16) & 0xf) * 10) + ((__SUNPRO_C >> 12) & 0xf), (((__SUNPRO_C >> 8) & 0xf) * 10) + ((__SUNPRO_C >> 4) & 0xf), (__SUNPRO_C & 0xf) * 10)
+#elif defined(__SUNPRO_C)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE((__SUNPRO_C >> 8) & 0xf, (__SUNPRO_C >> 4) & 0xf, (__SUNPRO_C) & 0xf)
+#elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC) && (__SUNPRO_CC > 0x1000)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE((((__SUNPRO_CC >> 16) & 0xf) * 10) + ((__SUNPRO_CC >> 12) & 0xf), (((__SUNPRO_CC >> 8) & 0xf) * 10) + ((__SUNPRO_CC >> 4) & 0xf), (__SUNPRO_CC & 0xf) * 10)
+#elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE((__SUNPRO_CC >> 8) & 0xf, (__SUNPRO_CC >> 4) & 0xf, (__SUNPRO_CC) & 0xf)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__EMSCRIPTEN_major__, __EMSCRIPTEN_minor__, __EMSCRIPTEN_tiny__)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__CC_ARM) && defined(__ARMCOMPILER_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__ARMCOMPILER_VERSION / 1000000, (__ARMCOMPILER_VERSION % 1000000) / 10000, (__ARMCOMPILER_VERSION % 10000) / 100)
+#elif defined(__CC_ARM) && defined(__ARMCC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__ARMCC_VERSION / 1000000, (__ARMCC_VERSION % 1000000) / 10000, (__ARMCC_VERSION % 10000) / 100)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__ibmxl__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__ibmxl_version__, __ibmxl_release__, __ibmxl_modification__)
+#elif defined(__xlC__) && defined(__xlC_ver__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__xlC__ >> 8, __xlC__ & 0xff, (__xlC_ver__ >> 8) & 0xff)
+#elif defined(__xlC__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__xlC__ >> 8, __xlC__ & 0xff, 0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION
+#endif
+#if \
+ defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) && \
+ ( \
+ defined(__TMS470__) || defined(__TI_ARM__) || \
+ defined(__MSP430__) || \
+ defined(__TMS320C2000__) \
+ )
+#if (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ >= 16000000)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ / 1000000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000000) / 1000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000))
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) && defined(__TMS320C2000__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ / 1000000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000000) / 1000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) && defined(__MSP430__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ / 1000000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000000) / 1000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) && (defined(__TMS470__) || defined(__TI_ARM__))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ / 1000000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000000) / 1000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) && defined(__TMS320C6X__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ / 1000000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000000) / 1000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) && defined(__C7000__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ / 1000000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000000) / 1000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) && defined(__PRU__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ / 1000000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000000) / 1000, (__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ % 1000))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(_CRAYC)
+ #if defined(_RELEASE_PATCHLEVEL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(_RELEASE_MAJOR, _RELEASE_MINOR, _RELEASE_PATCHLEVEL)
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(_RELEASE_MAJOR, _RELEASE_MINOR, 0)
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__IAR_SYSTEMS_ICC__)
+ #if __VER__ > 1000
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE((__VER__ / 1000000), ((__VER__ / 1000) % 1000), (__VER__ % 1000))
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__VER__ / 100, __VER__ % 100, 0)
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__TINYC__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__TINYC__ / 1000, (__TINYC__ / 100) % 10, __TINYC__ % 100)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__DMC__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__DMC__ >> 8, (__DMC__ >> 4) & 0xf, __DMC__ & 0xf)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__COMPCERT_VERSION__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__COMPCERT_VERSION__ / 10000, (__COMPCERT_VERSION__ / 100) % 100, __COMPCERT_VERSION__ % 100)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__POCC__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__POCC__ / 100, __POCC__ % 100, 0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__LCC__) && defined(__LCC_MINOR__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(__LCC__ / 100, __LCC__ % 100, __LCC_MINOR__)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION
+#endif
+#if \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(__clang__) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(__COMPCERT__) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION >= JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE(major, minor, patch))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if \
+ defined(__has_attribute) && \
+ ( \
+ (!defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,5,9)) \
+ )
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) __has_attribute(attribute)
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_attribute)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_attribute)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if \
+ defined(__has_cpp_attribute) && \
+ defined(__cplusplus) && \
+ (!defined(JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,15,0))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) __has_cpp_attribute(attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_NS)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_NS
+#endif
+#if !defined(__cplusplus) || !defined(__has_cpp_attribute)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_NS(ns,attribute) (0)
+#elif \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION) && \
+ (!defined(JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,15,0)) && \
+ (!defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(19,20,0))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_NS(ns,attribute) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(ns::attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_NS(ns,attribute) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_cpp_attribute) && defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) __has_cpp_attribute(attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_cpp_attribute) && defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) __has_cpp_attribute(attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_builtin)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(builtin) __has_builtin(builtin)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(builtin) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_BUILTIN)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_BUILTIN
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_builtin)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_BUILTIN(builtin,major,minor,patch) __has_builtin(builtin)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_BUILTIN(builtin,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_BUILTIN)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_BUILTIN
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_builtin)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_BUILTIN(builtin,major,minor,patch) __has_builtin(builtin)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_BUILTIN(builtin,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_FEATURE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_FEATURE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_feature)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_FEATURE(feature) __has_feature(feature)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_FEATURE(feature) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_FEATURE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_FEATURE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_feature)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_FEATURE(feature,major,minor,patch) __has_feature(feature)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_FEATURE(feature,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_FEATURE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_FEATURE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_feature)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_FEATURE(feature,major,minor,patch) __has_feature(feature)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_FEATURE(feature,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_EXTENSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_EXTENSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_extension)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_EXTENSION(extension) __has_extension(extension)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_EXTENSION(extension) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_EXTENSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_EXTENSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_extension)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_EXTENSION(extension,major,minor,patch) __has_extension(extension)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_EXTENSION(extension,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_EXTENSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_EXTENSION
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_extension)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_EXTENSION(extension,major,minor,patch) __has_extension(extension)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_EXTENSION(extension,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_declspec_attribute)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) __has_declspec_attribute(attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_declspec_attribute)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) __has_declspec_attribute(attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_declspec_attribute)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) __has_declspec_attribute(attribute)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(attribute,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_warning)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING(warning) __has_warning(warning)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING(warning) (0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_WARNING)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_WARNING
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_warning)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_WARNING(warning,major,minor,patch) __has_warning(warning)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_WARNING(warning,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_WARNING)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_WARNING
+#endif
+#if defined(__has_warning)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_WARNING(warning,major,minor,patch) __has_warning(warning)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_WARNING(warning,major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if \
+ (defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)) || \
+ defined(__clang__) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(18,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,7,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(2,0,1) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK(5,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK(0,9,17) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) && defined(__C99_PRAGMA_OPERATOR))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(value) _Pragma(#value)
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(15,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(value) __pragma(value)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(value)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+#endif
+#if defined(__clang__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH _Pragma("clang diagnostic push")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP _Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH _Pragma("warning(push)")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP _Pragma("warning(pop)")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,6,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH _Pragma("GCC diagnostic push")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP _Pragma("GCC diagnostic pop")
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(15,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH __pragma(warning(push))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP __pragma(warning(pop))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(5,6,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH _Pragma("push")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP _Pragma("pop")
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(8,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH _Pragma("diag_push")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP _Pragma("diag_pop")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(2,90,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH _Pragma("warning(push)")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP _Pragma("warning(pop)")
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+#endif
+
+/* JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_ is for
+ HEDLEY INTERNAL USE ONLY. API subject to change without notice. */
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+# if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wc++98-compat")
+# if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wc++17-extensions")
+# if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wc++1z-extensions")
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_(xpr) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wc++98-compat\"") \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wc++17-extensions\"") \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wc++1z-extensions\"") \
+ xpr \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+# else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_(xpr) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wc++98-compat\"") \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wc++17-extensions\"") \
+ xpr \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+# endif
+# else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_(xpr) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wc++98-compat\"") \
+ xpr \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+# endif
+# endif
+#endif
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_(x) x
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CONST_CAST)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONST_CAST
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_CONST_CAST(T, expr) (const_cast<T>(expr))
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wcast-qual") || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,6,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_CONST_CAST(T, expr) (__extension__ ({ \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CAST_QUAL \
+ ((T) (expr)); \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP \
+ }))
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_CONST_CAST(T, expr) ((T) (expr))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_REINTERPRET_CAST)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_REINTERPRET_CAST
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_REINTERPRET_CAST(T, expr) (reinterpret_cast<T>(expr))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_REINTERPRET_CAST(T, expr) ((T) (expr))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(T, expr) (static_cast<T>(expr))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(T, expr) ((T) (expr))
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CPP_CAST)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CPP_CAST
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+# if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wold-style-cast")
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_CPP_CAST(T, expr) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wold-style-cast\"") \
+ ((T) (expr)) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+# elif JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,3,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_CPP_CAST(T, expr) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ _Pragma("diag_suppress=Pe137") \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+# else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_CPP_CAST(T, expr) ((T) (expr))
+# endif
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_CPP_CAST(T, expr) (expr)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wdeprecated-declarations")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wdeprecated-declarations\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("warning(disable:1478 1786)")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED __pragma(warning(disable:1478 1786))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(20,7,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("diag_suppress 1215,1216,1444,1445")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(17,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("diag_suppress 1215,1444")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wdeprecated-declarations\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(15,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED __pragma(warning(disable:4996))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("diag_suppress 1215,1444")
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("diag_suppress 1291,1718")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,13,0) && !defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("error_messages(off,E_DEPRECATED_ATT,E_DEPRECATED_ATT_MESS)")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,13,0) && defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("error_messages(off,symdeprecated,symdeprecated2)")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("diag_suppress=Pe1444,Pe1215")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(2,90,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED _Pragma("warn(disable:2241)")
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wunknown-pragmas")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wunknown-pragmas\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS _Pragma("warning(disable:161)")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS __pragma(warning(disable:161))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(17,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS _Pragma("diag_suppress 1675")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wunknown-pragmas\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(15,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS __pragma(warning(disable:4068))
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(16,9,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,3,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS _Pragma("diag_suppress 163")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS _Pragma("diag_suppress 163")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS _Pragma("diag_suppress=Pe161")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS _Pragma("diag_suppress 161")
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wunknown-attributes")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wunknown-attributes\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,6,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wdeprecated-declarations\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(17,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("warning(disable:1292)")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES __pragma(warning(disable:1292))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(19,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES __pragma(warning(disable:5030))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(20,7,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("diag_suppress 1097,1098")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(17,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("diag_suppress 1097")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,14,0) && defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("error_messages(off,attrskipunsup)")
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(18,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(8,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("diag_suppress 1173")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("diag_suppress=Pe1097")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES _Pragma("diag_suppress 1097")
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CAST_QUAL)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CAST_QUAL
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wcast-qual")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CAST_QUAL _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wcast-qual\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CAST_QUAL _Pragma("warning(disable:2203 2331)")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CAST_QUAL _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wcast-qual\"")
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CAST_QUAL
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNUSED_FUNCTION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNUSED_FUNCTION
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wunused-function")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNUSED_FUNCTION _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wunused-function\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,4,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNUSED_FUNCTION _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wunused-function\"")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(1,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNUSED_FUNCTION __pragma(warning(disable:4505))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNUSED_FUNCTION _Pragma("diag_suppress 3142")
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNUSED_FUNCTION
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(14,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED(since) __declspec(deprecated("Since " # since))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(since, replacement) __declspec(deprecated("Since " #since "; use " #replacement))
+#elif \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_EXTENSION(attribute_deprecated_with_message) && !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(5,6,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,13,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(17,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(18,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(18,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(8,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED(since) __attribute__((__deprecated__("Since " #since)))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(since, replacement) __attribute__((__deprecated__("Since " #since "; use " #replacement)))
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus >= 201402L)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED(since) JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[deprecated("Since " #since)]])
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(since, replacement) JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[deprecated("Since " #since "; use " #replacement)]])
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(deprecated) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED(since) __attribute__((__deprecated__))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(since, replacement) __attribute__((__deprecated__))
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(13,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(6,50,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED(since) __declspec(deprecated)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(since, replacement) __declspec(deprecated)
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED(since) _Pragma("deprecated")
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(since, replacement) _Pragma("deprecated")
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED(since)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(since, replacement)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNAVAILABLE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNAVAILABLE
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(warning) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNAVAILABLE(available_since) __attribute__((__warning__("Not available until " #available_since)))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNAVAILABLE(available_since)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT_MSG)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT_MSG
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(warn_unused_result) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,15,0) && defined(__cplusplus)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(17,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT __attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT_MSG(msg) __attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+#elif (JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(nodiscard) >= 201907L)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[nodiscard]])
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT_MSG(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[nodiscard(msg)]])
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(nodiscard)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[nodiscard]])
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT_MSG(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[nodiscard]])
+#elif defined(_Check_return_) /* SAL */
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT _Check_return_
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT_MSG(msg) _Check_return_
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT_MSG(msg)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_SENTINEL)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_SENTINEL
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(sentinel) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(5,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_SENTINEL(position) __attribute__((__sentinel__(position)))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_SENTINEL(position)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN __noreturn
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN __attribute__((__noreturn__))
+#elif defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN _Noreturn
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[noreturn]])
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(noreturn) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,11,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN __attribute__((__noreturn__))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN _Pragma("does_not_return")
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(13,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN __declspec(noreturn)
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN _Pragma("FUNC_NEVER_RETURNS;")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION_CHECK(3,2,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN __attribute((noreturn))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(9,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN __declspec(noreturn)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_NO_ESCAPE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_NO_ESCAPE
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(noescape)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_ESCAPE __attribute__((__noescape__))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_ESCAPE
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE_RETURN)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE_RETURN
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(13,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(expr) __assume(expr)
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_assume)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(expr) __builtin_assume(expr)
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0)
+ #if defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(expr) std::_nassert(expr)
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(expr) _nassert(expr)
+ #endif
+#endif
+#if \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_unreachable) && (!defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION))) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(18,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(13,1,5) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK(10,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE() __builtin_unreachable()
+#elif defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE() JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(0)
+#endif
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME)
+ #if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(expr) JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(void, ((expr) ? 1 : (JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE(), 1)))
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(expr) JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(void, expr)
+ #endif
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE)
+ #if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(value) return (JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(void, JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(0)), (value))
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(value) JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE()
+ #endif
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(value) return (value)
+#endif
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE() JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME(0)
+#endif
+
+JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wpedantic")
+ #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpedantic"
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wc++98-compat-pedantic") && defined(__cplusplus)
+ #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++98-compat-pedantic"
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_WARNING("-Wvariadic-macros",4,0,0)
+ #if defined(__clang__)
+ #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wvariadic-macros"
+ #elif defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION)
+ #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wvariadic-macros"
+ #endif
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(nonnull) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(...) __attribute__((__nonnull__(__VA_ARGS__)))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(...)
+#endif
+JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PRINTF_FORMAT)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PRINTF_FORMAT
+#endif
+#if defined(__MINGW32__) && JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(format,4,4,0) && !defined(__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PRINTF_FORMAT(string_idx,first_to_check) __attribute__((__format__(ms_printf, string_idx, first_to_check)))
+#elif defined(__MINGW32__) && JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(format,4,4,0) && defined(__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PRINTF_FORMAT(string_idx,first_to_check) __attribute__((__format__(gnu_printf, string_idx, first_to_check)))
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(format) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(5,6,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PRINTF_FORMAT(string_idx,first_to_check) __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, string_idx, first_to_check)))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PRINTF_FORMAT(string_idx,first_to_check) __declspec(vaformat(printf,string_idx,first_to_check))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_PRINTF_FORMAT(string_idx,first_to_check)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CONSTEXPR)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONSTEXPR
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+ #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CONSTEXPR JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_(constexpr)
+ #endif
+#endif
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CONSTEXPR)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CONSTEXPR
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNPREDICTABLE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNPREDICTABLE
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_unpredictable)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNPREDICTABLE(expr) __builtin_unpredictable((expr))
+#endif
+#if \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_expect_with_probability) && !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(9,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT(expr, value, probability) __builtin_expect_with_probability( (expr), (value), (probability))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT_TRUE(expr, probability) __builtin_expect_with_probability(!!(expr), 1 , (probability))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT_FALSE(expr, probability) __builtin_expect_with_probability(!!(expr), 0 , (probability))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(expr) __builtin_expect (!!(expr), 1 )
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(expr) __builtin_expect (!!(expr), 0 )
+#elif \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_expect) && !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,15,0) && defined(__cplusplus)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,7,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(3,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(6,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK(0,9,27) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK(8,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT(expr, expected, probability) \
+ (((probability) >= 0.9) ? __builtin_expect((expr), (expected)) : (JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(void, expected), (expr)))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT_TRUE(expr, probability) \
+ (__extension__ ({ \
+ double hedley_probability_ = (probability); \
+ ((hedley_probability_ >= 0.9) ? __builtin_expect(!!(expr), 1) : ((hedley_probability_ <= 0.1) ? __builtin_expect(!!(expr), 0) : !!(expr))); \
+ }))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT_FALSE(expr, probability) \
+ (__extension__ ({ \
+ double hedley_probability_ = (probability); \
+ ((hedley_probability_ >= 0.9) ? __builtin_expect(!!(expr), 0) : ((hedley_probability_ <= 0.1) ? __builtin_expect(!!(expr), 1) : !!(expr))); \
+ }))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(expr) __builtin_expect(!!(expr), 1)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(expr) __builtin_expect(!!(expr), 0)
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT(expr, expected, probability) (JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(void, expected), (expr))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT_TRUE(expr, probability) (!!(expr))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT_FALSE(expr, probability) (!!(expr))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(expr) (!!(expr))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(expr) (!!(expr))
+#endif
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_UNPREDICTABLE)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_UNPREDICTABLE(expr) JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT(expr, 1, 0.5)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MALLOC)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_MALLOC
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(malloc) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,11,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(12,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MALLOC __attribute__((__malloc__))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MALLOC _Pragma("returns_new_memory")
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(14,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MALLOC __declspec(restrict)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_MALLOC
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PURE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(pure) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(2,96,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,11,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(17,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PURE __attribute__((__pure__))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,10,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PURE _Pragma("does_not_write_global_data")
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && \
+ ( \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(2,0,1) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) \
+ )
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PURE _Pragma("FUNC_IS_PURE;")
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CONST)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONST
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(const) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(2,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,11,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(17,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CONST __attribute__((__const__))
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CONST _Pragma("no_side_effect")
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_CONST JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_RESTRICT)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_RESTRICT
+#endif
+#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L) && !defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_RESTRICT restrict
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(14,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(17,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,2,4) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(8,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,14,0) && defined(__cplusplus)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0) || \
+ defined(__clang__) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_RESTRICT __restrict
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,3,0) && !defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_RESTRICT _Restrict
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_RESTRICT
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE
+#endif
+#if \
+ (defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)) || \
+ (defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus >= 199711L))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE inline
+#elif \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(6,2,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE __inline__
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(12,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(3,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE __inline
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(always_inline) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,11,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,10,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE __attribute__((__always_inline__)) JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(12,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE __forceinline
+#elif defined(__cplusplus) && \
+ ( \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(6,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) \
+ )
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE _Pragma("FUNC_ALWAYS_INLINE;")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE _Pragma("inline=forced")
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(noinline) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,11,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(10,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK(15,12,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK(5,2,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK(6,4,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,0,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(4,3,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK(1,2,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK(2,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,10,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE __attribute__((__noinline__))
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(13,10,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE __declspec(noinline)
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(10,2,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE _Pragma("noinline")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) && defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE _Pragma("FUNC_CANNOT_INLINE;")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE _Pragma("inline=never")
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION_CHECK(3,2,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE __attribute((noinline))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(9,0,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE __declspec(noinline)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PRIVATE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PRIVATE
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PUBLIC)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_PUBLIC
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IMPORT)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_IMPORT
+#endif
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PRIVATE
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PUBLIC __declspec(dllexport)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_IMPORT __declspec(dllimport)
+#else
+# if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(visibility) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,11,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(13,1,0) || \
+ ( \
+ defined(__TI_EABI__) && \
+ ( \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,2,0) && defined(__TI_GNU_ATTRIBUTE_SUPPORT__)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(7,5,0) \
+ ) \
+ ) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PRIVATE __attribute__((__visibility__("hidden")))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PUBLIC __attribute__((__visibility__("default")))
+# else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PRIVATE
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_PUBLIC
+# endif
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_IMPORT extern
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_NO_THROW)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_NO_THROW
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(nothrow) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,3,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_THROW __attribute__((__nothrow__))
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(13,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_THROW __declspec(nothrow)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NO_THROW
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_FALL_THROUGH)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_FALL_THROUGH
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(fallthrough) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(7,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_FALL_THROUGH __attribute__((__fallthrough__))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_NS(clang,fallthrough)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_FALL_THROUGH JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[clang::fallthrough]])
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(fallthrough)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_FALL_THROUGH JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_([[fallthrough]])
+#elif defined(__fallthrough) /* SAL */
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_FALL_THROUGH __fallthrough
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_FALL_THROUGH
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(returns_nonnull) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,9,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL __attribute__((__returns_nonnull__))
+#elif defined(_Ret_notnull_) /* SAL */
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL _Ret_notnull_
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_ARRAY_PARAM)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_ARRAY_PARAM
+#endif
+#if \
+ defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L) && \
+ !defined(__STDC_NO_VLA__) && \
+ !defined(__cplusplus) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ARRAY_PARAM(name) (name)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_ARRAY_PARAM(name)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTANT)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTANT
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_CONSTEXPR)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_CONSTEXPR
+#endif
+/* JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_ is for
+ HEDLEY INTERNAL USE ONLY. API subject to change without notice. */
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_
+#endif
+#if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_constant_p) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK(0,9,19) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(4,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(13,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK(6,1,0) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK(5,10,0) && !defined(__cplusplus)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK(8,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK(1,25,10)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTANT(expr) __builtin_constant_p(expr)
+#endif
+#if !defined(__cplusplus)
+# if \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_types_compatible_p) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(3,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(13,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK(8,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(5,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK(0,9,24)
+#if defined(__INTPTR_TYPE__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_(expr) __builtin_types_compatible_p(__typeof__((1 ? (void*) ((__INTPTR_TYPE__) ((expr) * 0)) : (int*) 0)), int*)
+#else
+ #include <stdint.h>
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_(expr) __builtin_types_compatible_p(__typeof__((1 ? (void*) ((intptr_t) ((expr) * 0)) : (int*) 0)), int*)
+#endif
+# elif \
+ ( \
+ defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION) && \
+ !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION)) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_EXTENSION(c_generic_selections) && !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,9,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(17,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK(12,1,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK(5,3,0)
+#if defined(__INTPTR_TYPE__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_(expr) _Generic((1 ? (void*) ((__INTPTR_TYPE__) ((expr) * 0)) : (int*) 0), int*: 1, void*: 0)
+#else
+ #include <stdint.h>
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_(expr) _Generic((1 ? (void*) ((intptr_t) * 0) : (int*) 0), int*: 1, void*: 0)
+#endif
+# elif \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION) || \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION) || \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION) || \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK(18,12,0) || \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION) || \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION) || \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION) || \
+ defined(JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION) || \
+ defined(__clang__)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_(expr) ( \
+ sizeof(void) != \
+ sizeof(*( \
+ 1 ? \
+ ((void*) ((expr) * 0L) ) : \
+((struct { char v[sizeof(void) * 2]; } *) 1) \
+ ) \
+ ) \
+ )
+# endif
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_)
+ #if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTANT)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTANT(expr) JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_(expr)
+ #endif
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_CONSTEXPR(expr) (JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_(expr) ? (expr) : (-1))
+#else
+ #if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTANT)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTANT(expr) (0)
+ #endif
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_CONSTEXPR(expr) (expr)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_BEGIN_C_DECLS)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_BEGIN_C_DECLS
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_END_C_DECLS)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_END_C_DECLS
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_C_DECL)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_C_DECL
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_BEGIN_C_DECLS extern "C" {
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_END_C_DECLS }
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_C_DECL extern "C"
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_BEGIN_C_DECLS
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_END_C_DECLS
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_C_DECL
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_ASSERT)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_ASSERT
+#endif
+#if \
+ !defined(__cplusplus) && ( \
+ (defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L)) || \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_FEATURE(c_static_assert) && !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(6,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0) || \
+ defined(_Static_assert) \
+ )
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_ASSERT(expr, message) _Static_assert(expr, message)
+#elif \
+ (defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus >= 201103L)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(16,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_ASSERT(expr, message) JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_(static_assert(expr, message))
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_ASSERT(expr, message)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_NULL)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_NULL
+#endif
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+ #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NULL JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_(nullptr)
+ #elif defined(NULL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NULL NULL
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NULL JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(void*, 0)
+ #endif
+#elif defined(NULL)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NULL NULL
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_NULL ((void*) 0)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wunknown-pragmas")
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE(msg) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(message msg) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(message msg)
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK(5,0,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(_CRI message msg)
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK(8,0,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(message(msg))
+#elif JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK(2,0,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(message(msg))
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE(msg)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_WARNING)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_WARNING
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wunknown-pragmas")
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_WARNING(msg) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(clang warning msg) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,8,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK(18,4,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(13,0,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_WARNING(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(GCC warning msg)
+#elif \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(15,0,0) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_WARNING(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_PRAGMA(message(msg))
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_WARNING(msg) JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE(msg)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_MSG)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_MSG
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(diagnose_if)
+# if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wgcc-compat")
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE(expr) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wgcc-compat\"") \
+ __attribute__((diagnose_if(!(expr), #expr, "error"))) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_MSG(expr,msg) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wgcc-compat\"") \
+ __attribute__((diagnose_if(!(expr), msg, "error"))) \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+# else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE(expr) __attribute__((diagnose_if(!(expr), #expr, "error")))
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_MSG(expr,msg) __attribute__((diagnose_if(!(expr), msg, "error")))
+# endif
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE(expr)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_MSG(expr,msg)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(flag_enum) && (!defined(__cplusplus) || JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING("-Wbitfield-enum-conversion"))
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS __attribute__((__flag_enum__))
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS_CAST)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS_CAST
+#endif
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK(19,0,0)
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS_CAST(T, expr) (__extension__ ({ \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH \
+ _Pragma("warning(disable:188)") \
+ ((T) (expr)); \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP \
+ }))
+#else
+# define JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS_CAST(T, expr) JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST(T, expr)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_EMPTY_BASES)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_EMPTY_BASES
+#endif
+#if \
+ (JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(19,0,23918) && !JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK(20,0,0)) || \
+ JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK(2021,1,0)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_EMPTY_BASES __declspec(empty_bases)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_EMPTY_BASES
+#endif
+
+/* Remaining macros are deprecated. */
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_NOT_CLANG_VERSION_CHECK)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_NOT_CLANG_VERSION_CHECK
+#endif
+#if defined(__clang__)
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_NOT_CLANG_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) (0)
+#else
+ #define JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_NOT_CLANG_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch) JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(major,minor,patch)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(attribute)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_BUILTIN)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_BUILTIN
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_BUILTIN(builtin) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN(builtin)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_FEATURE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_FEATURE
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_FEATURE(feature) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_FEATURE(feature)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_EXTENSION)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_EXTENSION
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_EXTENSION(extension) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_EXTENSION(extension)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_DECLSPEC_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_DECLSPEC_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE(attribute)
+
+#if defined(JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_WARNING)
+ #undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_WARNING
+#endif
+#define JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_WARNING(warning) JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING(warning)
+
+#endif /* !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION) || (JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION < X) */
+
+
+// This file contains all internal macro definitions (except those affecting ABI)
+// You MUST include macro_unscope.hpp at the end of json.hpp to undef all of them
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+// exclude unsupported compilers
+#if !defined(JSON_SKIP_UNSUPPORTED_COMPILER_CHECK)
+ #if defined(__clang__)
+ #if (__clang_major__ * 10000 + __clang_minor__ * 100 + __clang_patchlevel__) < 30400
+ #error "unsupported Clang version - see https://github.com/nlohmann/json#supported-compilers"
+ #endif
+ #elif defined(__GNUC__) && !(defined(__ICC) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
+ #if (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) < 40800
+ #error "unsupported GCC version - see https://github.com/nlohmann/json#supported-compilers"
+ #endif
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+// C++ language standard detection
+// if the user manually specified the used c++ version this is skipped
+#if !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_23) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_20) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_14) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_11)
+ #if (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 202002L) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG > 202002L)
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_23
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+ #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 201703L) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG > 201703L)
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+ #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 201402L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX17) && _HAS_CXX17 == 1) // fix for issue #464
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+ #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 201103L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX14) && _HAS_CXX14 == 1)
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+ #endif
+ // the cpp 11 flag is always specified because it is the minimal required version
+ #define JSON_HAS_CPP_11
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __has_include
+ #if __has_include(<version>)
+ #include <version>
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM) && !defined(JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM)
+ #ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ #if defined(__cpp_lib_filesystem)
+ #define JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM 1
+ #elif defined(__cpp_lib_experimental_filesystem)
+ #define JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM 1
+ #elif !defined(__has_include)
+ #define JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM 1
+ #elif __has_include(<filesystem>)
+ #define JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM 1
+ #elif __has_include(<experimental/filesystem>)
+ #define JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM 1
+ #endif
+
+ // std::filesystem does not work on MinGW GCC 8: https://sourceforge.net/p/mingw-w64/bugs/737/
+ #if defined(__MINGW32__) && defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ == 8
+ #undef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+ #undef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+ #endif
+
+ // no filesystem support before GCC 8: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/compiler_support
+ #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && __GNUC__ < 8
+ #undef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+ #undef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+ #endif
+
+ // no filesystem support before Clang 7: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/compiler_support
+ #if defined(__clang_major__) && __clang_major__ < 7
+ #undef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+ #undef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+ #endif
+
+ // no filesystem support before MSVC 19.14: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/compiler_support
+ #if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1914
+ #undef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+ #undef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+ #endif
+
+ // no filesystem support before iOS 13
+ #if defined(__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED) && __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < 130000
+ #undef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+ #undef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+ #endif
+
+ // no filesystem support before macOS Catalina
+ #if defined(__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED) && __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < 101500
+ #undef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+ #undef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+ #endif
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+ #define JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+ #define JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+ #if defined(__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison) && __cpp_impl_three_way_comparison >= 201907L \
+ && defined(__cpp_lib_three_way_comparison) && __cpp_lib_three_way_comparison >= 201907L
+ #define JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON 1
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON 0
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_RANGES
+ // ranges header shipping in GCC 11.1.0 (released 2021-04-27) has syntax error
+ #if defined(__GLIBCXX__) && __GLIBCXX__ == 20210427
+ #define JSON_HAS_RANGES 0
+ #elif defined(__cpp_lib_ranges)
+ #define JSON_HAS_RANGES 1
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HAS_RANGES 0
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_STATIC_RTTI
+ #if !defined(_HAS_STATIC_RTTI) || _HAS_STATIC_RTTI != 0
+ #define JSON_HAS_STATIC_RTTI 1
+ #else
+ #define JSON_HAS_STATIC_RTTI 0
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ #define JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE inline
+#else
+ #define JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE(no_unique_address)
+ #define JSON_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS [[no_unique_address]]
+#else
+ #define JSON_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
+#endif
+
+// disable documentation warnings on clang
+#if defined(__clang__)
+ #pragma clang diagnostic push
+ #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdocumentation"
+ #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdocumentation-unknown-command"
+#endif
+
+// allow disabling exceptions
+#if (defined(__cpp_exceptions) || defined(__EXCEPTIONS) || defined(_CPPUNWIND)) && !defined(JSON_NOEXCEPTION)
+ #define JSON_THROW(exception) throw exception
+ #define JSON_TRY try
+ #define JSON_CATCH(exception) catch(exception)
+ #define JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH(exception) catch(exception)
+#else
+ #include <cstdlib>
+ #define JSON_THROW(exception) std::abort()
+ #define JSON_TRY if(true)
+ #define JSON_CATCH(exception) if(false)
+ #define JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH(exception) if(false)
+#endif
+
+// override exception macros
+#if defined(JSON_THROW_USER)
+ #undef JSON_THROW
+ #define JSON_THROW JSON_THROW_USER
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_TRY_USER)
+ #undef JSON_TRY
+ #define JSON_TRY JSON_TRY_USER
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_CATCH_USER)
+ #undef JSON_CATCH
+ #define JSON_CATCH JSON_CATCH_USER
+ #undef JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH
+ #define JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH JSON_CATCH_USER
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH_USER)
+ #undef JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH
+ #define JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH_USER
+#endif
+
+// allow overriding assert
+#if !defined(JSON_ASSERT)
+ #include <cassert> // assert
+ #define JSON_ASSERT(x) assert(x)
+#endif
+
+// allow to access some private functions (needed by the test suite)
+#if defined(JSON_TESTS_PRIVATE)
+ #define JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED public
+#else
+ #define JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED private
+#endif
+
+/*!
+@brief macro to briefly define a mapping between an enum and JSON
+@def NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM
+@since version 3.4.0
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM(ENUM_TYPE, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType> \
+ inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const ENUM_TYPE& e) \
+ { \
+ /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-type-traits) we use C++11 */ \
+ static_assert(std::is_enum<ENUM_TYPE>::value, #ENUM_TYPE " must be an enum!"); \
+ /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-avoid-c-arrays) we don't want to depend on <array> */ \
+ static const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType> m[] = __VA_ARGS__; \
+ auto it = std::find_if(std::begin(m), std::end(m), \
+ [e](const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType>& ej_pair) -> bool \
+ { \
+ return ej_pair.first == e; \
+ }); \
+ j = ((it != std::end(m)) ? it : std::begin(m))->second; \
+ } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType> \
+ inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ENUM_TYPE& e) \
+ { \
+ /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-type-traits) we use C++11 */ \
+ static_assert(std::is_enum<ENUM_TYPE>::value, #ENUM_TYPE " must be an enum!"); \
+ /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-avoid-c-arrays) we don't want to depend on <array> */ \
+ static const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType> m[] = __VA_ARGS__; \
+ auto it = std::find_if(std::begin(m), std::end(m), \
+ [&j](const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType>& ej_pair) -> bool \
+ { \
+ return ej_pair.second == j; \
+ }); \
+ e = ((it != std::end(m)) ? it : std::begin(m))->first; \
+ }
+
+// Ugly macros to avoid uglier copy-paste when specializing basic_json. They
+// may be removed in the future once the class is split.
+
+#define NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION \
+ template<template<typename, typename, typename...> class ObjectType, \
+ template<typename, typename...> class ArrayType, \
+ class StringType, class BooleanType, class NumberIntegerType, \
+ class NumberUnsignedType, class NumberFloatType, \
+ template<typename> class AllocatorType, \
+ template<typename, typename = void> class JSONSerializer, \
+ class BinaryType, \
+ class CustomBaseClass>
+
+#define NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL \
+ basic_json<ObjectType, ArrayType, StringType, BooleanType, \
+ NumberIntegerType, NumberUnsignedType, NumberFloatType, \
+ AllocatorType, JSONSerializer, BinaryType, CustomBaseClass>
+
+// Macros to simplify conversion from/to types
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND( x ) x
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_GET_MACRO(_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, _20, _21, _22, _23, _24, _25, _26, _27, _28, _29, _30, _31, _32, _33, _34, _35, _36, _37, _38, _39, _40, _41, _42, _43, _44, _45, _46, _47, _48, _49, _50, _51, _52, _53, _54, _55, _56, _57, _58, _59, _60, _61, _62, _63, _64, NAME,...) NAME
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(...) NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_GET_MACRO(__VA_ARGS__, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE64, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE63, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE62, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE61, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE60, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE59, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE58, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE57, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE56, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE55, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE54, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE53, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE52, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE51, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE50, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE49, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE48, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE47, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE46, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE45, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE44, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE43, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE42, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE41, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE40, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE39, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE38, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE37, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE36, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE35, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE34, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE33, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE32, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE31, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE30, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE29, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE28, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE27, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE26, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE25, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE24, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE23, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE22, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE21, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE20, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE19, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE18, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE17, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE16, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE15, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE14, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE13, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE12, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE11, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE10, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE9, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE8, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE7, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE6, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE5, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE4, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE3, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2, \
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE1)(__VA_ARGS__))
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) func(v1)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v2)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE4(func, v1, v2, v3) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE3(func, v2, v3)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE5(func, v1, v2, v3, v4) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE4(func, v2, v3, v4)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE6(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE5(func, v2, v3, v4, v5)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE7(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE6(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE8(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE7(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE9(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE8(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE10(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE9(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE11(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE10(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE12(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE11(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE13(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE12(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE14(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE13(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE15(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE14(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE16(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE15(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE17(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE16(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE18(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE17(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE19(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE18(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE20(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE19(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE21(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE20(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE22(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE21(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE23(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE22(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE24(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE23(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE25(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE24(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE26(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE25(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE27(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE26(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE28(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE27(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE29(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE28(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE30(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE29(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE31(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE30(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE32(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE31(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE33(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE32(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE34(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE33(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE35(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE34(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE36(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE35(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE37(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE36(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE38(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE37(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE39(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE38(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE40(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE39(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE41(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE40(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE42(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE41(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE43(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE42(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE44(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE43(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE45(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE44(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE46(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE45(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE47(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE46(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE48(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE47(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE49(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE48(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE50(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE49(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE51(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE50(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE52(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE51(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE53(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE52(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE54(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE53(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE55(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE54(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE56(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE55(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE57(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE56(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE58(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE57(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE59(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE58(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE60(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE59(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE61(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE60(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE62(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE61(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE63(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE62(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE64(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62, v63) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE63(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62, v63)
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_TO(v1) nlohmann_json_j[#v1] = nlohmann_json_t.v1;
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM(v1) nlohmann_json_j.at(#v1).get_to(nlohmann_json_t.v1);
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT(v1) nlohmann_json_t.v1 = !nlohmann_json_j.is_null() ? nlohmann_json_j.value(#v1, nlohmann_json_default_obj.v1) : nlohmann_json_default_obj.v1;
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE
+@since version 3.9.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE(Type, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT
+@since version 3.11.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT(Type, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE
+@since version 3.11.3
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE
+@since version 3.9.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE(Type, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT
+@since version 3.11.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT(Type, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE
+@since version 3.11.3
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE(Type, BaseType, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT(Type, BaseType, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, BaseType, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE(Type, BaseType, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT(Type, BaseType, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, BaseType, ...) \
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> \
+ void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+// inspired from https://stackoverflow.com/a/26745591
+// allows calling any std function as if (e.g., with begin):
+// using std::begin; begin(x);
+//
+// it allows using the detected idiom to retrieve the return type
+// of such an expression
+#define NLOHMANN_CAN_CALL_STD_FUNC_IMPL(std_name) \
+ namespace detail { \
+ using std::std_name; \
+ \
+ template<typename... T> \
+ using result_of_##std_name = decltype(std_name(std::declval<T>()...)); \
+ } \
+ \
+ namespace detail2 { \
+ struct std_name##_tag \
+ { \
+ }; \
+ \
+ template<typename... T> \
+ std_name##_tag std_name(T&&...); \
+ \
+ template<typename... T> \
+ using result_of_##std_name = decltype(std_name(std::declval<T>()...)); \
+ \
+ template<typename... T> \
+ struct would_call_std_##std_name \
+ { \
+ static constexpr auto const value = ::nlohmann::detail:: \
+ is_detected_exact<std_name##_tag, result_of_##std_name, T...>::value; \
+ }; \
+ } /* namespace detail2 */ \
+ \
+ template<typename... T> \
+ struct would_call_std_##std_name : detail2::would_call_std_##std_name<T...> \
+ { \
+ }
+
+#ifndef JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS
+ #define JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS 1
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS
+ #define JSON_EXPLICIT
+#else
+ #define JSON_EXPLICIT explicit
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+ #define JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS
+ #define JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS 1
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+ #include <compare> // partial_ordering
+#endif
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+///////////////////////////
+// JSON type enumeration //
+///////////////////////////
+
+/*!
+@brief the JSON type enumeration
+
+This enumeration collects the different JSON types. It is internally used to
+distinguish the stored values, and the functions @ref basic_json::is_null(),
+@ref basic_json::is_object(), @ref basic_json::is_array(),
+@ref basic_json::is_string(), @ref basic_json::is_boolean(),
+@ref basic_json::is_number() (with @ref basic_json::is_number_integer(),
+@ref basic_json::is_number_unsigned(), and @ref basic_json::is_number_float()),
+@ref basic_json::is_discarded(), @ref basic_json::is_primitive(), and
+@ref basic_json::is_structured() rely on it.
+
+@note There are three enumeration entries (number_integer, number_unsigned, and
+number_float), because the library distinguishes these three types for numbers:
+@ref basic_json::number_unsigned_t is used for unsigned integers,
+@ref basic_json::number_integer_t is used for signed integers, and
+@ref basic_json::number_float_t is used for floating-point numbers or to
+approximate integers which do not fit in the limits of their respective type.
+
+@sa see @ref basic_json::basic_json(const value_t value_type) -- create a JSON
+value with the default value for a given type
+
+@since version 1.0.0
+*/
+enum class value_t : std::uint8_t
+{
+ null, ///< null value
+ object, ///< object (unordered set of name/value pairs)
+ array, ///< array (ordered collection of values)
+ string, ///< string value
+ boolean, ///< boolean value
+ number_integer, ///< number value (signed integer)
+ number_unsigned, ///< number value (unsigned integer)
+ number_float, ///< number value (floating-point)
+ binary, ///< binary array (ordered collection of bytes)
+ discarded ///< discarded by the parser callback function
+};
+
+/*!
+@brief comparison operator for JSON types
+
+Returns an ordering that is similar to Python:
+- order: null < boolean < number < object < array < string < binary
+- furthermore, each type is not smaller than itself
+- discarded values are not comparable
+- binary is represented as a b"" string in python and directly comparable to a
+ string; however, making a binary array directly comparable with a string would
+ be surprising behavior in a JSON file.
+
+@since version 1.0.0
+*/
+#if JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+ inline std::partial_ordering operator<=>(const value_t lhs, const value_t rhs) noexcept // *NOPAD*
+#else
+ inline bool operator<(const value_t lhs, const value_t rhs) noexcept
+#endif
+{
+ static constexpr std::array<std::uint8_t, 9> order = {{
+ 0 /* null */, 3 /* object */, 4 /* array */, 5 /* string */,
+ 1 /* boolean */, 2 /* integer */, 2 /* unsigned */, 2 /* float */,
+ 6 /* binary */
+ }
+ };
+
+ const auto l_index = static_cast<std::size_t>(lhs);
+ const auto r_index = static_cast<std::size_t>(rhs);
+#if JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+ if (l_index < order.size() && r_index < order.size())
+ {
+ return order[l_index] <=> order[r_index]; // *NOPAD*
+ }
+ return std::partial_ordering::unordered;
+#else
+ return l_index < order.size() && r_index < order.size() && order[l_index] < order[r_index];
+#endif
+}
+
+// GCC selects the built-in operator< over an operator rewritten from
+// a user-defined spaceship operator
+// Clang, MSVC, and ICC select the rewritten candidate
+// (see GCC bug https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=105200)
+#if JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON && defined(__GNUC__)
+inline bool operator<(const value_t lhs, const value_t rhs) noexcept
+{
+ return std::is_lt(lhs <=> rhs); // *NOPAD*
+}
+#endif
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_escape.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/*!
+@brief replace all occurrences of a substring by another string
+
+@param[in,out] s the string to manipulate; changed so that all
+ occurrences of @a f are replaced with @a t
+@param[in] f the substring to replace with @a t
+@param[in] t the string to replace @a f
+
+@pre The search string @a f must not be empty. **This precondition is
+enforced with an assertion.**
+
+@since version 2.0.0
+*/
+template<typename StringType>
+inline void replace_substring(StringType& s, const StringType& f,
+ const StringType& t)
+{
+ JSON_ASSERT(!f.empty());
+ for (auto pos = s.find(f); // find first occurrence of f
+ pos != StringType::npos; // make sure f was found
+ s.replace(pos, f.size(), t), // replace with t, and
+ pos = s.find(f, pos + t.size())) // find next occurrence of f
+ {}
+}
+
+/*!
+ * @brief string escaping as described in RFC 6901 (Sect. 4)
+ * @param[in] s string to escape
+ * @return escaped string
+ *
+ * Note the order of escaping "~" to "~0" and "/" to "~1" is important.
+ */
+template<typename StringType>
+inline StringType escape(StringType s)
+{
+ replace_substring(s, StringType{"~"}, StringType{"~0"});
+ replace_substring(s, StringType{"/"}, StringType{"~1"});
+ return s;
+}
+
+/*!
+ * @brief string unescaping as described in RFC 6901 (Sect. 4)
+ * @param[in] s string to unescape
+ * @return unescaped string
+ *
+ * Note the order of escaping "~1" to "/" and "~0" to "~" is important.
+ */
+template<typename StringType>
+static void unescape(StringType& s)
+{
+ replace_substring(s, StringType{"~1"}, StringType{"/"});
+ replace_substring(s, StringType{"~0"}, StringType{"~"});
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/// struct to capture the start position of the current token
+struct position_t
+{
+ /// the total number of characters read
+ std::size_t chars_read_total = 0;
+ /// the number of characters read in the current line
+ std::size_t chars_read_current_line = 0;
+ /// the number of lines read
+ std::size_t lines_read = 0;
+
+ /// conversion to size_t to preserve SAX interface
+ constexpr operator size_t() const
+ {
+ return chars_read_total;
+ }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018 The Abseil Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <array> // array
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <type_traits> // conditional, enable_if, false_type, integral_constant, is_constructible, is_integral, is_same, remove_cv, remove_reference, true_type
+#include <utility> // index_sequence, make_index_sequence, index_sequence_for
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+using uncvref_t = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type;
+
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+
+// the following utilities are natively available in C++14
+using std::enable_if_t;
+using std::index_sequence;
+using std::make_index_sequence;
+using std::index_sequence_for;
+
+#else
+
+// alias templates to reduce boilerplate
+template<bool B, typename T = void>
+using enable_if_t = typename std::enable_if<B, T>::type;
+
+// The following code is taken from https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/blob/10cb35e459f5ecca5b2ff107635da0bfa41011b4/absl/utility/utility.h
+// which is part of Google Abseil (https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp), licensed under the Apache License 2.0.
+
+//// START OF CODE FROM GOOGLE ABSEIL
+
+// integer_sequence
+//
+// Class template representing a compile-time integer sequence. An instantiation
+// of `integer_sequence<T, Ints...>` has a sequence of integers encoded in its
+// type through its template arguments (which is a common need when
+// working with C++11 variadic templates). `absl::integer_sequence` is designed
+// to be a drop-in replacement for C++14's `std::integer_sequence`.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+// template< class T, T... Ints >
+// void user_function(integer_sequence<T, Ints...>);
+//
+// int main()
+// {
+// // user_function's `T` will be deduced to `int` and `Ints...`
+// // will be deduced to `0, 1, 2, 3, 4`.
+// user_function(make_integer_sequence<int, 5>());
+// }
+template <typename T, T... Ints>
+struct integer_sequence
+{
+ using value_type = T;
+ static constexpr std::size_t size() noexcept
+ {
+ return sizeof...(Ints);
+ }
+};
+
+// index_sequence
+//
+// A helper template for an `integer_sequence` of `size_t`,
+// `absl::index_sequence` is designed to be a drop-in replacement for C++14's
+// `std::index_sequence`.
+template <size_t... Ints>
+using index_sequence = integer_sequence<size_t, Ints...>;
+
+namespace utility_internal
+{
+
+template <typename Seq, size_t SeqSize, size_t Rem>
+struct Extend;
+
+// Note that SeqSize == sizeof...(Ints). It's passed explicitly for efficiency.
+template <typename T, T... Ints, size_t SeqSize>
+struct Extend<integer_sequence<T, Ints...>, SeqSize, 0>
+{
+ using type = integer_sequence < T, Ints..., (Ints + SeqSize)... >;
+};
+
+template <typename T, T... Ints, size_t SeqSize>
+struct Extend<integer_sequence<T, Ints...>, SeqSize, 1>
+{
+ using type = integer_sequence < T, Ints..., (Ints + SeqSize)..., 2 * SeqSize >;
+};
+
+// Recursion helper for 'make_integer_sequence<T, N>'.
+// 'Gen<T, N>::type' is an alias for 'integer_sequence<T, 0, 1, ... N-1>'.
+template <typename T, size_t N>
+struct Gen
+{
+ using type =
+ typename Extend < typename Gen < T, N / 2 >::type, N / 2, N % 2 >::type;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct Gen<T, 0>
+{
+ using type = integer_sequence<T>;
+};
+
+} // namespace utility_internal
+
+// Compile-time sequences of integers
+
+// make_integer_sequence
+//
+// This template alias is equivalent to
+// `integer_sequence<int, 0, 1, ..., N-1>`, and is designed to be a drop-in
+// replacement for C++14's `std::make_integer_sequence`.
+template <typename T, T N>
+using make_integer_sequence = typename utility_internal::Gen<T, N>::type;
+
+// make_index_sequence
+//
+// This template alias is equivalent to `index_sequence<0, 1, ..., N-1>`,
+// and is designed to be a drop-in replacement for C++14's
+// `std::make_index_sequence`.
+template <size_t N>
+using make_index_sequence = make_integer_sequence<size_t, N>;
+
+// index_sequence_for
+//
+// Converts a typename pack into an index sequence of the same length, and
+// is designed to be a drop-in replacement for C++14's
+// `std::index_sequence_for()`
+template <typename... Ts>
+using index_sequence_for = make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Ts)>;
+
+//// END OF CODE FROM GOOGLE ABSEIL
+
+#endif
+
+// dispatch utility (taken from ranges-v3)
+template<unsigned N> struct priority_tag : priority_tag < N - 1 > {};
+template<> struct priority_tag<0> {};
+
+// taken from ranges-v3
+template<typename T>
+struct static_const
+{
+ static JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr T value{};
+};
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ template<typename T>
+ constexpr T static_const<T>::value;
+#endif
+
+template<typename T, typename... Args>
+constexpr std::array<T, sizeof...(Args)> make_array(Args&& ... args)
+{
+ return std::array<T, sizeof...(Args)> {{static_cast<T>(std::forward<Args>(args))...}};
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <limits> // numeric_limits
+#include <string> // char_traits
+#include <tuple> // tuple
+#include <type_traits> // false_type, is_constructible, is_integral, is_same, true_type
+#include <utility> // declval
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iterator_traits.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <iterator> // random_access_iterator_tag
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/void_t.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename It, typename = void>
+struct iterator_types {};
+
+template<typename It>
+struct iterator_types <
+ It,
+ void_t<typename It::difference_type, typename It::value_type, typename It::pointer,
+ typename It::reference, typename It::iterator_category >>
+{
+ using difference_type = typename It::difference_type;
+ using value_type = typename It::value_type;
+ using pointer = typename It::pointer;
+ using reference = typename It::reference;
+ using iterator_category = typename It::iterator_category;
+};
+
+// This is required as some compilers implement std::iterator_traits in a way that
+// doesn't work with SFINAE. See https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1341.
+template<typename T, typename = void>
+struct iterator_traits
+{
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct iterator_traits < T, enable_if_t < !std::is_pointer<T>::value >>
+ : iterator_types<T>
+{
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct iterator_traits<T*, enable_if_t<std::is_object<T>::value>>
+{
+ using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;
+ using value_type = T;
+ using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
+ using pointer = T*;
+ using reference = T&;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/call_std/begin.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+NLOHMANN_CAN_CALL_STD_FUNC_IMPL(begin);
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/call_std/end.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+NLOHMANN_CAN_CALL_STD_FUNC_IMPL(end);
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/detected.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_FWD_HPP_
+ #define INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_FWD_HPP_
+
+ #include <cstdint> // int64_t, uint64_t
+ #include <map> // map
+ #include <memory> // allocator
+ #include <string> // string
+ #include <vector> // vector
+
+ // #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+ /*!
+ @brief namespace for Niels Lohmann
+ @see https://github.com/nlohmann
+ @since version 1.0.0
+ */
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+ /*!
+ @brief default JSONSerializer template argument
+
+ This serializer ignores the template arguments and uses ADL
+ ([argument-dependent lookup](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/adl))
+ for serialization.
+ */
+ template<typename T = void, typename SFINAE = void>
+ struct adl_serializer;
+
+ /// a class to store JSON values
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/
+ template<template<typename U, typename V, typename... Args> class ObjectType =
+ std::map,
+ template<typename U, typename... Args> class ArrayType = std::vector,
+ class StringType = std::string, class BooleanType = bool,
+ class NumberIntegerType = std::int64_t,
+ class NumberUnsignedType = std::uint64_t,
+ class NumberFloatType = double,
+ template<typename U> class AllocatorType = std::allocator,
+ template<typename T, typename SFINAE = void> class JSONSerializer =
+ adl_serializer,
+ class BinaryType = std::vector<std::uint8_t>, // cppcheck-suppress syntaxError
+ class CustomBaseClass = void>
+ class basic_json;
+
+ /// @brief JSON Pointer defines a string syntax for identifying a specific value within a JSON document
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/
+ template<typename RefStringType>
+ class json_pointer;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief default specialization
+ @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json/
+ */
+ using json = basic_json<>;
+
+ /// @brief a minimal map-like container that preserves insertion order
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/ordered_map/
+ template<class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess, class Allocator>
+ struct ordered_map;
+
+ /// @brief specialization that maintains the insertion order of object keys
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/ordered_json/
+ using ordered_json = basic_json<nlohmann::ordered_map>;
+
+ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+#endif // INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_FWD_HPP_
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+/*!
+@brief detail namespace with internal helper functions
+
+This namespace collects functions that should not be exposed,
+implementations of some @ref basic_json methods, and meta-programming helpers.
+
+@since version 2.1.0
+*/
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/////////////
+// helpers //
+/////////////
+
+// Note to maintainers:
+//
+// Every trait in this file expects a non CV-qualified type.
+// The only exceptions are in the 'aliases for detected' section
+// (i.e. those of the form: decltype(T::member_function(std::declval<T>())))
+//
+// In this case, T has to be properly CV-qualified to constraint the function arguments
+// (e.g. to_json(BasicJsonType&, const T&))
+
+template<typename> struct is_basic_json : std::false_type {};
+
+NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
+struct is_basic_json<NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL> : std::true_type {};
+
+// used by exceptions create() member functions
+// true_type for pointer to possibly cv-qualified basic_json or std::nullptr_t
+// false_type otherwise
+template<typename BasicJsonContext>
+struct is_basic_json_context :
+ std::integral_constant < bool,
+ is_basic_json<typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_pointer<BasicJsonContext>::type>::type>::value
+ || std::is_same<BasicJsonContext, std::nullptr_t>::value >
+{};
+
+//////////////////////
+// json_ref helpers //
+//////////////////////
+
+template<typename>
+class json_ref;
+
+template<typename>
+struct is_json_ref : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_json_ref<json_ref<T>> : std::true_type {};
+
+//////////////////////////
+// aliases for detected //
+//////////////////////////
+
+template<typename T>
+using mapped_type_t = typename T::mapped_type;
+
+template<typename T>
+using key_type_t = typename T::key_type;
+
+template<typename T>
+using value_type_t = typename T::value_type;
+
+template<typename T>
+using difference_type_t = typename T::difference_type;
+
+template<typename T>
+using pointer_t = typename T::pointer;
+
+template<typename T>
+using reference_t = typename T::reference;
+
+template<typename T>
+using iterator_category_t = typename T::iterator_category;
+
+template<typename T, typename... Args>
+using to_json_function = decltype(T::to_json(std::declval<Args>()...));
+
+template<typename T, typename... Args>
+using from_json_function = decltype(T::from_json(std::declval<Args>()...));
+
+template<typename T, typename U>
+using get_template_function = decltype(std::declval<T>().template get<U>());
+
+// trait checking if JSONSerializer<T>::from_json(json const&, udt&) exists
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
+struct has_from_json : std::false_type {};
+
+// trait checking if j.get<T> is valid
+// use this trait instead of std::is_constructible or std::is_convertible,
+// both rely on, or make use of implicit conversions, and thus fail when T
+// has several constructors/operator= (see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/958)
+template <typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+struct is_getable
+{
+ static constexpr bool value = is_detected<get_template_function, const BasicJsonType&, T>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+struct has_from_json < BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t < !is_basic_json<T>::value >>
+{
+ using serializer = typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>;
+
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ is_detected_exact<void, from_json_function, serializer,
+ const BasicJsonType&, T&>::value;
+};
+
+// This trait checks if JSONSerializer<T>::from_json(json const&) exists
+// this overload is used for non-default-constructible user-defined-types
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
+struct has_non_default_from_json : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+struct has_non_default_from_json < BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t < !is_basic_json<T>::value >>
+{
+ using serializer = typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>;
+
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ is_detected_exact<T, from_json_function, serializer,
+ const BasicJsonType&>::value;
+};
+
+// This trait checks if BasicJsonType::json_serializer<T>::to_json exists
+// Do not evaluate the trait when T is a basic_json type, to avoid template instantiation infinite recursion.
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
+struct has_to_json : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+struct has_to_json < BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t < !is_basic_json<T>::value >>
+{
+ using serializer = typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>;
+
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ is_detected_exact<void, to_json_function, serializer, BasicJsonType&,
+ T>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+using detect_key_compare = typename T::key_compare;
+
+template<typename T>
+struct has_key_compare : std::integral_constant<bool, is_detected<detect_key_compare, T>::value> {};
+
+// obtains the actual object key comparator
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+struct actual_object_comparator
+{
+ using object_t = typename BasicJsonType::object_t;
+ using object_comparator_t = typename BasicJsonType::default_object_comparator_t;
+ using type = typename std::conditional < has_key_compare<object_t>::value,
+ typename object_t::key_compare, object_comparator_t>::type;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+using actual_object_comparator_t = typename actual_object_comparator<BasicJsonType>::type;
+
+/////////////////
+// char_traits //
+/////////////////
+
+// Primary template of char_traits calls std char_traits
+template<typename T>
+struct char_traits : std::char_traits<T>
+{};
+
+// Explicitly define char traits for unsigned char since it is not standard
+template<>
+struct char_traits<unsigned char> : std::char_traits<char>
+{
+ using char_type = unsigned char;
+ using int_type = uint64_t;
+
+ // Redefine to_int_type function
+ static int_type to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept
+ {
+ return static_cast<int_type>(c);
+ }
+
+ static char_type to_char_type(int_type i) noexcept
+ {
+ return static_cast<char_type>(i);
+ }
+
+ static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept
+ {
+ return static_cast<int_type>(std::char_traits<char>::eof());
+ }
+};
+
+// Explicitly define char traits for signed char since it is not standard
+template<>
+struct char_traits<signed char> : std::char_traits<char>
+{
+ using char_type = signed char;
+ using int_type = uint64_t;
+
+ // Redefine to_int_type function
+ static int_type to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept
+ {
+ return static_cast<int_type>(c);
+ }
+
+ static char_type to_char_type(int_type i) noexcept
+ {
+ return static_cast<char_type>(i);
+ }
+
+ static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept
+ {
+ return static_cast<int_type>(std::char_traits<char>::eof());
+ }
+};
+
+///////////////////
+// is_ functions //
+///////////////////
+
+// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/conjunction
+template<class...> struct conjunction : std::true_type { };
+template<class B> struct conjunction<B> : B { };
+template<class B, class... Bn>
+struct conjunction<B, Bn...>
+: std::conditional<static_cast<bool>(B::value), conjunction<Bn...>, B>::type {};
+
+// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/negation
+template<class B> struct negation : std::integral_constant < bool, !B::value > { };
+
+// Reimplementation of is_constructible and is_default_constructible, due to them being broken for
+// std::pair and std::tuple until LWG 2367 fix (see https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/lwg-defects.html#2367).
+// This causes compile errors in e.g. clang 3.5 or gcc 4.9.
+template <typename T>
+struct is_default_constructible : std::is_default_constructible<T> {};
+
+template <typename T1, typename T2>
+struct is_default_constructible<std::pair<T1, T2>>
+ : conjunction<is_default_constructible<T1>, is_default_constructible<T2>> {};
+
+template <typename T1, typename T2>
+struct is_default_constructible<const std::pair<T1, T2>>
+ : conjunction<is_default_constructible<T1>, is_default_constructible<T2>> {};
+
+template <typename... Ts>
+struct is_default_constructible<std::tuple<Ts...>>
+ : conjunction<is_default_constructible<Ts>...> {};
+
+template <typename... Ts>
+struct is_default_constructible<const std::tuple<Ts...>>
+ : conjunction<is_default_constructible<Ts>...> {};
+
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+struct is_constructible : std::is_constructible<T, Args...> {};
+
+template <typename T1, typename T2>
+struct is_constructible<std::pair<T1, T2>> : is_default_constructible<std::pair<T1, T2>> {};
+
+template <typename T1, typename T2>
+struct is_constructible<const std::pair<T1, T2>> : is_default_constructible<const std::pair<T1, T2>> {};
+
+template <typename... Ts>
+struct is_constructible<std::tuple<Ts...>> : is_default_constructible<std::tuple<Ts...>> {};
+
+template <typename... Ts>
+struct is_constructible<const std::tuple<Ts...>> : is_default_constructible<const std::tuple<Ts...>> {};
+
+template<typename T, typename = void>
+struct is_iterator_traits : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_iterator_traits<iterator_traits<T>>
+{
+ private:
+ using traits = iterator_traits<T>;
+
+ public:
+ static constexpr auto value =
+ is_detected<value_type_t, traits>::value &&
+ is_detected<difference_type_t, traits>::value &&
+ is_detected<pointer_t, traits>::value &&
+ is_detected<iterator_category_t, traits>::value &&
+ is_detected<reference_t, traits>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_range
+{
+ private:
+ using t_ref = typename std::add_lvalue_reference<T>::type;
+
+ using iterator = detected_t<result_of_begin, t_ref>;
+ using sentinel = detected_t<result_of_end, t_ref>;
+
+ // to be 100% correct, it should use https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/input_or_output_iterator
+ // and https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/sentinel_for
+ // but reimplementing these would be too much work, as a lot of other concepts are used underneath
+ static constexpr auto is_iterator_begin =
+ is_iterator_traits<iterator_traits<iterator>>::value;
+
+ public:
+ static constexpr bool value = !std::is_same<iterator, nonesuch>::value && !std::is_same<sentinel, nonesuch>::value && is_iterator_begin;
+};
+
+template<typename R>
+using iterator_t = enable_if_t<is_range<R>::value, result_of_begin<decltype(std::declval<R&>())>>;
+
+template<typename T>
+using range_value_t = value_type_t<iterator_traits<iterator_t<T>>>;
+
+// The following implementation of is_complete_type is taken from
+// https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/vcblog/2015/12/02/partial-support-for-expression-sfinae-in-vs-2015-update-1/
+// and is written by Xiang Fan who agreed to using it in this library.
+
+template<typename T, typename = void>
+struct is_complete_type : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_complete_type<T, decltype(void(sizeof(T)))> : std::true_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
+ typename = void>
+struct is_compatible_object_type_impl : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType>
+struct is_compatible_object_type_impl <
+ BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType,
+ enable_if_t < is_detected<mapped_type_t, CompatibleObjectType>::value&&
+ is_detected<key_type_t, CompatibleObjectType>::value >>
+{
+ using object_t = typename BasicJsonType::object_t;
+
+ // macOS's is_constructible does not play well with nonesuch...
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ is_constructible<typename object_t::key_type,
+ typename CompatibleObjectType::key_type>::value &&
+ is_constructible<typename object_t::mapped_type,
+ typename CompatibleObjectType::mapped_type>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType>
+struct is_compatible_object_type
+ : is_compatible_object_type_impl<BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType> {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType,
+ typename = void>
+struct is_constructible_object_type_impl : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType>
+struct is_constructible_object_type_impl <
+ BasicJsonType, ConstructibleObjectType,
+ enable_if_t < is_detected<mapped_type_t, ConstructibleObjectType>::value&&
+ is_detected<key_type_t, ConstructibleObjectType>::value >>
+{
+ using object_t = typename BasicJsonType::object_t;
+
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ (is_default_constructible<ConstructibleObjectType>::value &&
+ (std::is_move_assignable<ConstructibleObjectType>::value ||
+ std::is_copy_assignable<ConstructibleObjectType>::value) &&
+ (is_constructible<typename ConstructibleObjectType::key_type,
+ typename object_t::key_type>::value &&
+ std::is_same <
+ typename object_t::mapped_type,
+ typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type >::value)) ||
+ (has_from_json<BasicJsonType,
+ typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type>::value ||
+ has_non_default_from_json <
+ BasicJsonType,
+ typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type >::value);
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType>
+struct is_constructible_object_type
+ : is_constructible_object_type_impl<BasicJsonType,
+ ConstructibleObjectType> {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType>
+struct is_compatible_string_type
+{
+ static constexpr auto value =
+ is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t, CompatibleStringType>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType>
+struct is_constructible_string_type
+{
+ // launder type through decltype() to fix compilation failure on ICPC
+#ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
+ using laundered_type = decltype(std::declval<ConstructibleStringType>());
+#else
+ using laundered_type = ConstructibleStringType;
+#endif
+
+ static constexpr auto value =
+ conjunction <
+ is_constructible<laundered_type, typename BasicJsonType::string_t>,
+ is_detected_exact<typename BasicJsonType::string_t::value_type,
+ value_type_t, laundered_type >>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType, typename = void>
+struct is_compatible_array_type_impl : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType>
+struct is_compatible_array_type_impl <
+ BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType,
+ enable_if_t <
+ is_detected<iterator_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+ is_iterator_traits<iterator_traits<detected_t<iterator_t, CompatibleArrayType>>>::value&&
+// special case for types like std::filesystem::path whose iterator's value_type are themselves
+// c.f. https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/3073
+ !std::is_same<CompatibleArrayType, detected_t<range_value_t, CompatibleArrayType>>::value >>
+{
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ is_constructible<BasicJsonType,
+ range_value_t<CompatibleArrayType>>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType>
+struct is_compatible_array_type
+ : is_compatible_array_type_impl<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType> {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType, typename = void>
+struct is_constructible_array_type_impl : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
+struct is_constructible_array_type_impl <
+ BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType,
+ typename BasicJsonType::value_type>::value >>
+ : std::true_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
+struct is_constructible_array_type_impl <
+ BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType,
+ enable_if_t < !std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType,
+ typename BasicJsonType::value_type>::value&&
+ !is_compatible_string_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+ is_default_constructible<ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+(std::is_move_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType>::value ||
+ std::is_copy_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType>::value)&&
+is_detected<iterator_t, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+is_iterator_traits<iterator_traits<detected_t<iterator_t, ConstructibleArrayType>>>::value&&
+is_detected<range_value_t, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+// special case for types like std::filesystem::path whose iterator's value_type are themselves
+// c.f. https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/3073
+!std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType, detected_t<range_value_t, ConstructibleArrayType>>::value&&
+is_complete_type <
+detected_t<range_value_t, ConstructibleArrayType >>::value >>
+{
+ using value_type = range_value_t<ConstructibleArrayType>;
+
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ std::is_same<value_type,
+ typename BasicJsonType::array_t::value_type>::value ||
+ has_from_json<BasicJsonType,
+ value_type>::value ||
+ has_non_default_from_json <
+ BasicJsonType,
+ value_type >::value;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
+struct is_constructible_array_type
+ : is_constructible_array_type_impl<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType> {};
+
+template<typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType,
+ typename = void>
+struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
+struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl <
+ RealIntegerType, CompatibleNumberIntegerType,
+ enable_if_t < std::is_integral<RealIntegerType>::value&&
+ std::is_integral<CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value&&
+ !std::is_same<bool, CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value >>
+{
+ // is there an assert somewhere on overflows?
+ using RealLimits = std::numeric_limits<RealIntegerType>;
+ using CompatibleLimits = std::numeric_limits<CompatibleNumberIntegerType>;
+
+ static constexpr auto value =
+ is_constructible<RealIntegerType,
+ CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value &&
+ CompatibleLimits::is_integer &&
+ RealLimits::is_signed == CompatibleLimits::is_signed;
+};
+
+template<typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
+struct is_compatible_integer_type
+ : is_compatible_integer_type_impl<RealIntegerType,
+ CompatibleNumberIntegerType> {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType, typename = void>
+struct is_compatible_type_impl: std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType>
+struct is_compatible_type_impl <
+ BasicJsonType, CompatibleType,
+ enable_if_t<is_complete_type<CompatibleType>::value >>
+{
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ has_to_json<BasicJsonType, CompatibleType>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType>
+struct is_compatible_type
+ : is_compatible_type_impl<BasicJsonType, CompatibleType> {};
+
+template<typename T1, typename T2>
+struct is_constructible_tuple : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename T1, typename... Args>
+struct is_constructible_tuple<T1, std::tuple<Args...>> : conjunction<is_constructible<T1, Args>...> {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+struct is_json_iterator_of : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+struct is_json_iterator_of<BasicJsonType, typename BasicJsonType::iterator> : std::true_type {};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+struct is_json_iterator_of<BasicJsonType, typename BasicJsonType::const_iterator> : std::true_type
+{};
+
+// checks if a given type T is a template specialization of Primary
+template<template <typename...> class Primary, typename T>
+struct is_specialization_of : std::false_type {};
+
+template<template <typename...> class Primary, typename... Args>
+struct is_specialization_of<Primary, Primary<Args...>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template<typename T>
+using is_json_pointer = is_specialization_of<::nlohmann::json_pointer, uncvref_t<T>>;
+
+// checks if A and B are comparable using Compare functor
+template<typename Compare, typename A, typename B, typename = void>
+struct is_comparable : std::false_type {};
+
+template<typename Compare, typename A, typename B>
+struct is_comparable<Compare, A, B, void_t<
+decltype(std::declval<Compare>()(std::declval<A>(), std::declval<B>())),
+decltype(std::declval<Compare>()(std::declval<B>(), std::declval<A>()))
+>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template<typename T>
+using detect_is_transparent = typename T::is_transparent;
+
+// type trait to check if KeyType can be used as object key (without a BasicJsonType)
+// see is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type below
+template<typename Comparator, typename ObjectKeyType, typename KeyTypeCVRef, bool RequireTransparentComparator = true,
+ bool ExcludeObjectKeyType = RequireTransparentComparator, typename KeyType = uncvref_t<KeyTypeCVRef>>
+using is_usable_as_key_type = typename std::conditional <
+ is_comparable<Comparator, ObjectKeyType, KeyTypeCVRef>::value
+ && !(ExcludeObjectKeyType && std::is_same<KeyType,
+ ObjectKeyType>::value)
+ && (!RequireTransparentComparator
+ || is_detected <detect_is_transparent, Comparator>::value)
+ && !is_json_pointer<KeyType>::value,
+ std::true_type,
+ std::false_type >::type;
+
+// type trait to check if KeyType can be used as object key
+// true if:
+// - KeyType is comparable with BasicJsonType::object_t::key_type
+// - if ExcludeObjectKeyType is true, KeyType is not BasicJsonType::object_t::key_type
+// - the comparator is transparent or RequireTransparentComparator is false
+// - KeyType is not a JSON iterator or json_pointer
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename KeyTypeCVRef, bool RequireTransparentComparator = true,
+ bool ExcludeObjectKeyType = RequireTransparentComparator, typename KeyType = uncvref_t<KeyTypeCVRef>>
+using is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type = typename std::conditional <
+ is_usable_as_key_type<typename BasicJsonType::object_comparator_t,
+ typename BasicJsonType::object_t::key_type, KeyTypeCVRef,
+ RequireTransparentComparator, ExcludeObjectKeyType>::value
+ && !is_json_iterator_of<BasicJsonType, KeyType>::value,
+ std::true_type,
+ std::false_type >::type;
+
+template<typename ObjectType, typename KeyType>
+using detect_erase_with_key_type = decltype(std::declval<ObjectType&>().erase(std::declval<KeyType>()));
+
+// type trait to check if object_t has an erase() member functions accepting KeyType
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename KeyType>
+using has_erase_with_key_type = typename std::conditional <
+ is_detected <
+ detect_erase_with_key_type,
+ typename BasicJsonType::object_t, KeyType >::value,
+ std::true_type,
+ std::false_type >::type;
+
+// a naive helper to check if a type is an ordered_map (exploits the fact that
+// ordered_map inherits capacity() from std::vector)
+template <typename T>
+struct is_ordered_map
+{
+ using one = char;
+
+ struct two
+ {
+ char x[2]; // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+ };
+
+ template <typename C> static one test( decltype(&C::capacity) ) ;
+ template <typename C> static two test(...);
+
+ enum { value = sizeof(test<T>(nullptr)) == sizeof(char) }; // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+};
+
+// to avoid useless casts (see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2893#issuecomment-889152324)
+template < typename T, typename U, enable_if_t < !std::is_same<T, U>::value, int > = 0 >
+T conditional_static_cast(U value)
+{
+ return static_cast<T>(value);
+}
+
+template<typename T, typename U, enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, U>::value, int> = 0>
+T conditional_static_cast(U value)
+{
+ return value;
+}
+
+template<typename... Types>
+using all_integral = conjunction<std::is_integral<Types>...>;
+
+template<typename... Types>
+using all_signed = conjunction<std::is_signed<Types>...>;
+
+template<typename... Types>
+using all_unsigned = conjunction<std::is_unsigned<Types>...>;
+
+// there's a disjunction trait in another PR; replace when merged
+template<typename... Types>
+using same_sign = std::integral_constant < bool,
+ all_signed<Types...>::value || all_unsigned<Types...>::value >;
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T>
+using never_out_of_range = std::integral_constant < bool,
+ (std::is_signed<OfType>::value && (sizeof(T) < sizeof(OfType)))
+ || (same_sign<OfType, T>::value && sizeof(OfType) == sizeof(T)) >;
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T,
+ bool OfTypeSigned = std::is_signed<OfType>::value,
+ bool TSigned = std::is_signed<T>::value>
+struct value_in_range_of_impl2;
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T>
+struct value_in_range_of_impl2<OfType, T, false, false>
+{
+ static constexpr bool test(T val)
+ {
+ using CommonType = typename std::common_type<OfType, T>::type;
+ return static_cast<CommonType>(val) <= static_cast<CommonType>((std::numeric_limits<OfType>::max)());
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T>
+struct value_in_range_of_impl2<OfType, T, true, false>
+{
+ static constexpr bool test(T val)
+ {
+ using CommonType = typename std::common_type<OfType, T>::type;
+ return static_cast<CommonType>(val) <= static_cast<CommonType>((std::numeric_limits<OfType>::max)());
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T>
+struct value_in_range_of_impl2<OfType, T, false, true>
+{
+ static constexpr bool test(T val)
+ {
+ using CommonType = typename std::common_type<OfType, T>::type;
+ return val >= 0 && static_cast<CommonType>(val) <= static_cast<CommonType>((std::numeric_limits<OfType>::max)());
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T>
+struct value_in_range_of_impl2<OfType, T, true, true>
+{
+ static constexpr bool test(T val)
+ {
+ using CommonType = typename std::common_type<OfType, T>::type;
+ return static_cast<CommonType>(val) >= static_cast<CommonType>((std::numeric_limits<OfType>::min)())
+ && static_cast<CommonType>(val) <= static_cast<CommonType>((std::numeric_limits<OfType>::max)());
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T,
+ bool NeverOutOfRange = never_out_of_range<OfType, T>::value,
+ typename = detail::enable_if_t<all_integral<OfType, T>::value>>
+struct value_in_range_of_impl1;
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T>
+struct value_in_range_of_impl1<OfType, T, false>
+{
+ static constexpr bool test(T val)
+ {
+ return value_in_range_of_impl2<OfType, T>::test(val);
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T>
+struct value_in_range_of_impl1<OfType, T, true>
+{
+ static constexpr bool test(T /*val*/)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename OfType, typename T>
+constexpr bool value_in_range_of(T val)
+{
+ return value_in_range_of_impl1<OfType, T>::test(val);
+}
+
+template<bool Value>
+using bool_constant = std::integral_constant<bool, Value>;
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// is_c_string
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+namespace impl
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr bool is_c_string()
+{
+ using TUnExt = typename std::remove_extent<T>::type;
+ using TUnCVExt = typename std::remove_cv<TUnExt>::type;
+ using TUnPtr = typename std::remove_pointer<T>::type;
+ using TUnCVPtr = typename std::remove_cv<TUnPtr>::type;
+ return
+ (std::is_array<T>::value && std::is_same<TUnCVExt, char>::value)
+ || (std::is_pointer<T>::value && std::is_same<TUnCVPtr, char>::value);
+}
+
+} // namespace impl
+
+// checks whether T is a [cv] char */[cv] char[] C string
+template<typename T>
+struct is_c_string : bool_constant<impl::is_c_string<T>()> {};
+
+template<typename T>
+using is_c_string_uncvref = is_c_string<uncvref_t<T>>;
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// is_transparent
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+namespace impl
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr bool is_transparent()
+{
+ return is_detected<detect_is_transparent, T>::value;
+}
+
+} // namespace impl
+
+// checks whether T has a member named is_transparent
+template<typename T>
+struct is_transparent : bool_constant<impl::is_transparent<T>()> {};
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstring> // strlen
+#include <string> // string
+#include <utility> // forward
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/detected.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+inline std::size_t concat_length()
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline std::size_t concat_length(const char* cstr, const Args& ... rest);
+
+template<typename StringType, typename... Args>
+inline std::size_t concat_length(const StringType& str, const Args& ... rest);
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline std::size_t concat_length(const char /*c*/, const Args& ... rest)
+{
+ return 1 + concat_length(rest...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline std::size_t concat_length(const char* cstr, const Args& ... rest)
+{
+ // cppcheck-suppress ignoredReturnValue
+ return ::strlen(cstr) + concat_length(rest...);
+}
+
+template<typename StringType, typename... Args>
+inline std::size_t concat_length(const StringType& str, const Args& ... rest)
+{
+ return str.size() + concat_length(rest...);
+}
+
+template<typename OutStringType>
+inline void concat_into(OutStringType& /*out*/)
+{}
+
+template<typename StringType, typename Arg>
+using string_can_append = decltype(std::declval<StringType&>().append(std::declval < Arg && > ()));
+
+template<typename StringType, typename Arg>
+using detect_string_can_append = is_detected<string_can_append, StringType, Arg>;
+
+template<typename StringType, typename Arg>
+using string_can_append_op = decltype(std::declval<StringType&>() += std::declval < Arg && > ());
+
+template<typename StringType, typename Arg>
+using detect_string_can_append_op = is_detected<string_can_append_op, StringType, Arg>;
+
+template<typename StringType, typename Arg>
+using string_can_append_iter = decltype(std::declval<StringType&>().append(std::declval<const Arg&>().begin(), std::declval<const Arg&>().end()));
+
+template<typename StringType, typename Arg>
+using detect_string_can_append_iter = is_detected<string_can_append_iter, StringType, Arg>;
+
+template<typename StringType, typename Arg>
+using string_can_append_data = decltype(std::declval<StringType&>().append(std::declval<const Arg&>().data(), std::declval<const Arg&>().size()));
+
+template<typename StringType, typename Arg>
+using detect_string_can_append_data = is_detected<string_can_append_data, StringType, Arg>;
+
+template < typename OutStringType, typename Arg, typename... Args,
+ enable_if_t < !detect_string_can_append<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && detect_string_can_append_op<OutStringType, Arg>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void concat_into(OutStringType& out, Arg && arg, Args && ... rest);
+
+template < typename OutStringType, typename Arg, typename... Args,
+ enable_if_t < !detect_string_can_append<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && !detect_string_can_append_op<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && detect_string_can_append_iter<OutStringType, Arg>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void concat_into(OutStringType& out, const Arg& arg, Args && ... rest);
+
+template < typename OutStringType, typename Arg, typename... Args,
+ enable_if_t < !detect_string_can_append<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && !detect_string_can_append_op<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && !detect_string_can_append_iter<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && detect_string_can_append_data<OutStringType, Arg>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void concat_into(OutStringType& out, const Arg& arg, Args && ... rest);
+
+template<typename OutStringType, typename Arg, typename... Args,
+ enable_if_t<detect_string_can_append<OutStringType, Arg>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void concat_into(OutStringType& out, Arg && arg, Args && ... rest)
+{
+ out.append(std::forward<Arg>(arg));
+ concat_into(out, std::forward<Args>(rest)...);
+}
+
+template < typename OutStringType, typename Arg, typename... Args,
+ enable_if_t < !detect_string_can_append<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && detect_string_can_append_op<OutStringType, Arg>::value, int > >
+inline void concat_into(OutStringType& out, Arg&& arg, Args&& ... rest)
+{
+ out += std::forward<Arg>(arg);
+ concat_into(out, std::forward<Args>(rest)...);
+}
+
+template < typename OutStringType, typename Arg, typename... Args,
+ enable_if_t < !detect_string_can_append<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && !detect_string_can_append_op<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && detect_string_can_append_iter<OutStringType, Arg>::value, int > >
+inline void concat_into(OutStringType& out, const Arg& arg, Args&& ... rest)
+{
+ out.append(arg.begin(), arg.end());
+ concat_into(out, std::forward<Args>(rest)...);
+}
+
+template < typename OutStringType, typename Arg, typename... Args,
+ enable_if_t < !detect_string_can_append<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && !detect_string_can_append_op<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && !detect_string_can_append_iter<OutStringType, Arg>::value
+ && detect_string_can_append_data<OutStringType, Arg>::value, int > >
+inline void concat_into(OutStringType& out, const Arg& arg, Args&& ... rest)
+{
+ out.append(arg.data(), arg.size());
+ concat_into(out, std::forward<Args>(rest)...);
+}
+
+template<typename OutStringType = std::string, typename... Args>
+inline OutStringType concat(Args && ... args)
+{
+ OutStringType str;
+ str.reserve(concat_length(args...));
+ concat_into(str, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+ return str;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+
+// With -Wweak-vtables, Clang will complain about the exception classes as they
+// have no out-of-line virtual method definitions and their vtable will be
+// emitted in every translation unit. This issue cannot be fixed with a
+// header-only library as there is no implementation file to move these
+// functions to. As a result, we suppress this warning here to avoid client
+// code to stumble over this. See https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/4087
+// for a discussion.
+#if defined(__clang__)
+ #pragma clang diagnostic push
+ #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wweak-vtables"
+#endif
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+////////////////
+// exceptions //
+////////////////
+
+/// @brief general exception of the @ref basic_json class
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/exception/
+class exception : public std::exception
+{
+ public:
+ /// returns the explanatory string
+ const char* what() const noexcept override
+ {
+ return m.what();
+ }
+
+ /// the id of the exception
+ const int id; // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-non-private-member-variables-in-classes)
+
+ protected:
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+ exception(int id_, const char* what_arg) : id(id_), m(what_arg) {} // NOLINT(bugprone-throw-keyword-missing)
+
+ static std::string name(const std::string& ename, int id_)
+ {
+ return concat("[json.exception.", ename, '.', std::to_string(id_), "] ");
+ }
+
+ static std::string diagnostics(std::nullptr_t /*leaf_element*/)
+ {
+ return "";
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static std::string diagnostics(const BasicJsonType* leaf_element)
+ {
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ std::vector<std::string> tokens;
+ for (const auto* current = leaf_element; current != nullptr && current->m_parent != nullptr; current = current->m_parent)
+ {
+ switch (current->m_parent->type())
+ {
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < current->m_parent->m_data.m_value.array->size(); ++i)
+ {
+ if (&current->m_parent->m_data.m_value.array->operator[](i) == current)
+ {
+ tokens.emplace_back(std::to_string(i));
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ for (const auto& element : *current->m_parent->m_data.m_value.object)
+ {
+ if (&element.second == current)
+ {
+ tokens.emplace_back(element.first.c_str());
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::string: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::boolean: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::number_integer: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::number_unsigned: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::number_float: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::binary: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::discarded: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ break; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (tokens.empty())
+ {
+ return "";
+ }
+
+ auto str = std::accumulate(tokens.rbegin(), tokens.rend(), std::string{},
+ [](const std::string & a, const std::string & b)
+ {
+ return concat(a, '/', detail::escape(b));
+ });
+
+ return concat('(', str, ") ", get_byte_positions(leaf_element));
+#else
+ return get_byte_positions(leaf_element);
+#endif
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /// an exception object as storage for error messages
+ std::runtime_error m;
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static std::string get_byte_positions(const BasicJsonType* leaf_element)
+ {
+ if ((leaf_element->start_pos() != std::string::npos) && (leaf_element->end_pos() != std::string::npos))
+ {
+ return concat("(bytes ", std::to_string(leaf_element->start_pos()), "-", std::to_string(leaf_element->end_pos()), ") ");
+ }
+ return "";
+ }
+#else
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static std::string get_byte_positions(const BasicJsonType* leaf_element)
+ {
+ static_cast<void>(leaf_element);
+ return "";
+ }
+#endif
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating a parse error
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/parse_error/
+class parse_error : public exception
+{
+ public:
+ /*!
+ @brief create a parse error exception
+ @param[in] id_ the id of the exception
+ @param[in] pos the position where the error occurred (or with
+ chars_read_total=0 if the position cannot be
+ determined)
+ @param[in] what_arg the explanatory string
+ @return parse_error object
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+ static parse_error create(int id_, const position_t& pos, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+ {
+ const std::string w = concat(exception::name("parse_error", id_), "parse error",
+ position_string(pos), ": ", exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+ return {id_, pos.chars_read_total, w.c_str()};
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+ static parse_error create(int id_, std::size_t byte_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+ {
+ const std::string w = concat(exception::name("parse_error", id_), "parse error",
+ (byte_ != 0 ? (concat(" at byte ", std::to_string(byte_))) : ""),
+ ": ", exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+ return {id_, byte_, w.c_str()};
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief byte index of the parse error
+
+ The byte index of the last read character in the input file.
+
+ @note For an input with n bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and
+ n+1 is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file.
+ This also holds true when reading a byte vector (CBOR or MessagePack).
+ */
+ const std::size_t byte;
+
+ private:
+ parse_error(int id_, std::size_t byte_, const char* what_arg)
+ : exception(id_, what_arg), byte(byte_) {}
+
+ static std::string position_string(const position_t& pos)
+ {
+ return concat(" at line ", std::to_string(pos.lines_read + 1),
+ ", column ", std::to_string(pos.chars_read_current_line));
+ }
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating errors with iterators
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/invalid_iterator/
+class invalid_iterator : public exception
+{
+ public:
+ template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+ static invalid_iterator create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+ {
+ const std::string w = concat(exception::name("invalid_iterator", id_), exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+ return {id_, w.c_str()};
+ }
+
+ private:
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+ invalid_iterator(int id_, const char* what_arg)
+ : exception(id_, what_arg) {}
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating executing a member function with a wrong type
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/type_error/
+class type_error : public exception
+{
+ public:
+ template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+ static type_error create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+ {
+ const std::string w = concat(exception::name("type_error", id_), exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+ return {id_, w.c_str()};
+ }
+
+ private:
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+ type_error(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {}
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating access out of the defined range
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/out_of_range/
+class out_of_range : public exception
+{
+ public:
+ template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+ static out_of_range create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+ {
+ const std::string w = concat(exception::name("out_of_range", id_), exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+ return {id_, w.c_str()};
+ }
+
+ private:
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+ out_of_range(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {}
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating other library errors
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/other_error/
+class other_error : public exception
+{
+ public:
+ template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+ static other_error create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+ {
+ const std::string w = concat(exception::name("other_error", id_), exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+ return {id_, w.c_str()};
+ }
+
+ private:
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+ other_error(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {}
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+ #pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/identity_tag.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// dispatching helper struct
+template <class T> struct identity_tag {};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/std_fs.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+
+#if JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+#include <experimental/filesystem>
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+namespace std_fs = std::experimental::filesystem;
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+#elif JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+#include <filesystem> // NOLINT(build/c++17)
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+namespace std_fs = std::filesystem;
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+#endif
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename std::nullptr_t& n)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_null()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be null, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ n = nullptr;
+}
+
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+#ifndef JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::optional<T>& opt)
+{
+ if (j.is_null())
+ {
+ opt = std::nullopt;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ opt.emplace(j.template get<T>());
+ }
+}
+
+#endif // JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS
+#endif // JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+
+// overloads for basic_json template parameters
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
+ enable_if_t < std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value&&
+ !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+void get_arithmetic_value(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
+{
+ switch (static_cast<value_t>(j))
+ {
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t*>());
+ break;
+ }
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t*>());
+ break;
+ }
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t*>());
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::object:
+ case value_t::array:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be number, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t& b)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_boolean()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be boolean, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ b = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t*>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_string()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be string, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ s = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
+}
+
+template <
+ typename BasicJsonType, typename StringType,
+ enable_if_t <
+ std::is_assignable<StringType&, const typename BasicJsonType::string_t>::value
+ && is_detected_exact<typename BasicJsonType::string_t::value_type, value_type_t, StringType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::string_t, StringType>::value
+ && !is_json_ref<StringType>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, StringType& s)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_string()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be string, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+
+ s = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t& val)
+{
+ get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t& val)
+{
+ get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t& val)
+{
+ get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
+}
+
+#if !JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename EnumType,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_enum<EnumType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, EnumType& e)
+{
+ typename std::underlying_type<EnumType>::type val;
+ get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
+ e = static_cast<EnumType>(val);
+}
+#endif // JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+
+// forward_list doesn't have an insert method
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename Allocator,
+ enable_if_t<is_getable<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::forward_list<T, Allocator>& l)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ l.clear();
+ std::transform(j.rbegin(), j.rend(),
+ std::front_inserter(l), [](const BasicJsonType & i)
+ {
+ return i.template get<T>();
+ });
+}
+
+// valarray doesn't have an insert method
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+ enable_if_t<is_getable<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::valarray<T>& l)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ l.resize(j.size());
+ std::transform(j.begin(), j.end(), std::begin(l),
+ [](const BasicJsonType & elem)
+ {
+ return elem.template get<T>();
+ });
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N>
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N]) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+ {
+ arr[i] = j.at(i).template get<T>();
+ }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N1, std::size_t N2>
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N1][N2]) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+ for (std::size_t i1 = 0; i1 < N1; ++i1)
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i2 = 0; i2 < N2; ++i2)
+ {
+ arr[i1][i2] = j.at(i1).at(i2).template get<T>();
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N1, std::size_t N2, std::size_t N3>
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N1][N2][N3]) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+ for (std::size_t i1 = 0; i1 < N1; ++i1)
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i2 = 0; i2 < N2; ++i2)
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i3 = 0; i3 < N3; ++i3)
+ {
+ arr[i1][i2][i3] = j.at(i1).at(i2).at(i3).template get<T>();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N1, std::size_t N2, std::size_t N3, std::size_t N4>
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N1][N2][N3][N4]) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+ for (std::size_t i1 = 0; i1 < N1; ++i1)
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i2 = 0; i2 < N2; ++i2)
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i3 = 0; i3 < N3; ++i3)
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i4 = 0; i4 < N4; ++i4)
+ {
+ arr[i1][i2][i3][i4] = j.at(i1).at(i2).at(i3).at(i4).template get<T>();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr, priority_tag<3> /*unused*/)
+{
+ arr = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::array_t*>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N>
+auto from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, std::array<T, N>& arr,
+ priority_tag<2> /*unused*/)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+ {
+ arr[i] = j.at(i).template get<T>();
+ }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType,
+ enable_if_t<
+ std::is_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType&, ConstructibleArrayType>::value,
+ int> = 0>
+auto from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr, priority_tag<1> /*unused*/)
+-> decltype(
+ arr.reserve(std::declval<typename ConstructibleArrayType::size_type>()),
+ j.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>(),
+ void())
+{
+ using std::end;
+
+ ConstructibleArrayType ret;
+ ret.reserve(j.size());
+ std::transform(j.begin(), j.end(),
+ std::inserter(ret, end(ret)), [](const BasicJsonType & i)
+ {
+ // get<BasicJsonType>() returns *this, this won't call a from_json
+ // method when value_type is BasicJsonType
+ return i.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>();
+ });
+ arr = std::move(ret);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType,
+ enable_if_t<
+ std::is_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType&, ConstructibleArrayType>::value,
+ int> = 0>
+inline void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr,
+ priority_tag<0> /*unused*/)
+{
+ using std::end;
+
+ ConstructibleArrayType ret;
+ std::transform(
+ j.begin(), j.end(), std::inserter(ret, end(ret)),
+ [](const BasicJsonType & i)
+ {
+ // get<BasicJsonType>() returns *this, this won't call a from_json
+ // method when value_type is BasicJsonType
+ return i.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>();
+ });
+ arr = std::move(ret);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType,
+ enable_if_t <
+ is_constructible_array_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+ !is_constructible_object_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+ !is_constructible_string_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+ !std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t>::value&&
+ !is_basic_json<ConstructibleArrayType>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr)
+-> decltype(from_json_array_impl(j, arr, priority_tag<3> {}),
+j.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>(),
+void())
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+
+ from_json_array_impl(j, arr, priority_tag<3> {});
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t... Idx >
+std::array<T, sizeof...(Idx)> from_json_inplace_array_impl(BasicJsonType&& j,
+ identity_tag<std::array<T, sizeof...(Idx)>> /*unused*/, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+{
+ return { { std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(Idx).template get<T>()... } };
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N >
+auto from_json(BasicJsonType&& j, identity_tag<std::array<T, N>> tag)
+-> decltype(from_json_inplace_array_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), tag, make_index_sequence<N> {}))
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+
+ return from_json_inplace_array_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), tag, make_index_sequence<N> {});
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& bin)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_binary()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be binary, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+
+ bin = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::binary_t*>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType,
+ enable_if_t<is_constructible_object_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleObjectType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleObjectType& obj)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be object, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+
+ ConstructibleObjectType ret;
+ const auto* inner_object = j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::object_t*>();
+ using value_type = typename ConstructibleObjectType::value_type;
+ std::transform(
+ inner_object->begin(), inner_object->end(),
+ std::inserter(ret, ret.begin()),
+ [](typename BasicJsonType::object_t::value_type const & p)
+ {
+ return value_type(p.first, p.second.template get<typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type>());
+ });
+ obj = std::move(ret);
+}
+
+// overload for arithmetic types, not chosen for basic_json template arguments
+// (BooleanType, etc..); note: Is it really necessary to provide explicit
+// overloads for boolean_t etc. in case of a custom BooleanType which is not
+// an arithmetic type?
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
+ enable_if_t <
+ std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value&&
+ !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t>::value&&
+ !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t>::value&&
+ !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t>::value&&
+ !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
+{
+ switch (static_cast<value_t>(j))
+ {
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t*>());
+ break;
+ }
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t*>());
+ break;
+ }
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t*>());
+ break;
+ }
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t*>());
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::object:
+ case value_t::array:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be number, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args, std::size_t... Idx>
+std::tuple<Args...> from_json_tuple_impl_base(BasicJsonType&& j, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+{
+ return std::make_tuple(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(Idx).template get<Args>()...);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+std::tuple<> from_json_tuple_impl_base(BasicJsonType& /*unused*/, index_sequence<> /*unused*/)
+{
+ return {};
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, class A1, class A2 >
+std::pair<A1, A2> from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, identity_tag<std::pair<A1, A2>> /*unused*/, priority_tag<0> /*unused*/)
+{
+ return {std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(0).template get<A1>(),
+ std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(1).template get<A2>()};
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename A1, typename A2>
+inline void from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, std::pair<A1, A2>& p, priority_tag<1> /*unused*/)
+{
+ p = from_json_tuple_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), identity_tag<std::pair<A1, A2>> {}, priority_tag<0> {});
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args>
+std::tuple<Args...> from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, identity_tag<std::tuple<Args...>> /*unused*/, priority_tag<2> /*unused*/)
+{
+ return from_json_tuple_impl_base<BasicJsonType, Args...>(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args>
+inline void from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, std::tuple<Args...>& t, priority_tag<3> /*unused*/)
+{
+ t = from_json_tuple_impl_base<BasicJsonType, Args...>(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TupleRelated>
+auto from_json(BasicJsonType&& j, TupleRelated&& t)
+-> decltype(from_json_tuple_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), std::forward<TupleRelated>(t), priority_tag<3> {}))
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+
+ return from_json_tuple_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), std::forward<TupleRelated>(t), priority_tag<3> {});
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename Key, typename Value, typename Compare, typename Allocator,
+ typename = enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible <
+ typename BasicJsonType::string_t, Key >::value >>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::map<Key, Value, Compare, Allocator>& m)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ m.clear();
+ for (const auto& p : j)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!p.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", p.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ m.emplace(p.at(0).template get<Key>(), p.at(1).template get<Value>());
+ }
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename Key, typename Value, typename Hash, typename KeyEqual, typename Allocator,
+ typename = enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible <
+ typename BasicJsonType::string_t, Key >::value >>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::unordered_map<Key, Value, Hash, KeyEqual, Allocator>& m)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ m.clear();
+ for (const auto& p : j)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!p.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", p.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ m.emplace(p.at(0).template get<Key>(), p.at(1).template get<Value>());
+ }
+}
+
+#if JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM || JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std_fs::path& p)
+{
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_string()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be string, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ const auto& s = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+ p = std_fs::path(std::u8string_view(reinterpret_cast<const char8_t*>(s.data()), s.size()));
+#else
+ p = std_fs::u8path(s); // accepts UTF-8 encoded std::string in C++17, deprecated in C++20
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+struct from_json_fn
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+ auto operator()(const BasicJsonType& j, T&& val) const
+ noexcept(noexcept(from_json(j, std::forward<T>(val))))
+ -> decltype(from_json(j, std::forward<T>(val)))
+ {
+ return from_json(j, std::forward<T>(val));
+ }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+/// namespace to hold default `from_json` function
+/// to see why this is required:
+/// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4381.html
+namespace // NOLINT(cert-dcl59-cpp,fuchsia-header-anon-namespaces,google-build-namespaces)
+{
+#endif
+JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr const auto& from_json = // NOLINT(misc-definitions-in-headers)
+ detail::static_const<detail::from_json_fn>::value;
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+} // namespace
+#endif
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_json.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+// JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ #include <optional> // optional
+#endif
+
+#include <algorithm> // copy
+#include <iterator> // begin, end
+#include <string> // string
+#include <tuple> // tuple, get
+#include <type_traits> // is_same, is_constructible, is_floating_point, is_enum, underlying_type
+#include <utility> // move, forward, declval, pair
+#include <valarray> // valarray
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iteration_proxy.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <iterator> // forward_iterator_tag
+#include <tuple> // tuple_size, get, tuple_element
+#include <utility> // move
+
+#if JSON_HAS_RANGES
+ #include <ranges> // enable_borrowed_range
+#endif
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_utils.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <string> // string, to_string
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename StringType>
+void int_to_string(StringType& target, std::size_t value)
+{
+ // For ADL
+ using std::to_string;
+ target = to_string(value);
+}
+
+template<typename StringType>
+StringType to_string(std::size_t value)
+{
+ StringType result;
+ int_to_string(result, value);
+ return result;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value
+{
+ public:
+ using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+ using value_type = iteration_proxy_value;
+ using pointer = value_type *;
+ using reference = value_type &;
+ using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag;
+ using string_type = typename std::remove_cv< typename std::remove_reference<decltype( std::declval<IteratorType>().key() ) >::type >::type;
+
+ private:
+ /// the iterator
+ IteratorType anchor{};
+ /// an index for arrays (used to create key names)
+ std::size_t array_index = 0;
+ /// last stringified array index
+ mutable std::size_t array_index_last = 0;
+ /// a string representation of the array index
+ mutable string_type array_index_str = "0";
+ /// an empty string (to return a reference for primitive values)
+ string_type empty_str{};
+
+ public:
+ explicit iteration_proxy_value() = default;
+ explicit iteration_proxy_value(IteratorType it, std::size_t array_index_ = 0)
+ noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<IteratorType>::value
+ && std::is_nothrow_default_constructible<string_type>::value)
+ : anchor(std::move(it))
+ , array_index(array_index_)
+ {}
+
+ iteration_proxy_value(iteration_proxy_value const&) = default;
+ iteration_proxy_value& operator=(iteration_proxy_value const&) = default;
+ // older GCCs are a bit fussy and require explicit noexcept specifiers on defaulted functions
+ iteration_proxy_value(iteration_proxy_value&&)
+ noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<IteratorType>::value
+ && std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<string_type>::value) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-move-operations)
+ iteration_proxy_value& operator=(iteration_proxy_value&&)
+ noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<IteratorType>::value
+ && std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<string_type>::value) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-move-operations)
+ ~iteration_proxy_value() = default;
+
+ /// dereference operator (needed for range-based for)
+ const iteration_proxy_value& operator*() const
+ {
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /// increment operator (needed for range-based for)
+ iteration_proxy_value& operator++()
+ {
+ ++anchor;
+ ++array_index;
+
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ iteration_proxy_value operator++(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+ {
+ auto tmp = iteration_proxy_value(anchor, array_index);
+ ++anchor;
+ ++array_index;
+ return tmp;
+ }
+
+ /// equality operator (needed for InputIterator)
+ bool operator==(const iteration_proxy_value& o) const
+ {
+ return anchor == o.anchor;
+ }
+
+ /// inequality operator (needed for range-based for)
+ bool operator!=(const iteration_proxy_value& o) const
+ {
+ return anchor != o.anchor;
+ }
+
+ /// return key of the iterator
+ const string_type& key() const
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(anchor.m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (anchor.m_object->type())
+ {
+ // use integer array index as key
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (array_index != array_index_last)
+ {
+ int_to_string( array_index_str, array_index );
+ array_index_last = array_index;
+ }
+ return array_index_str;
+ }
+
+ // use key from the object
+ case value_t::object:
+ return anchor.key();
+
+ // use an empty key for all primitive types
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ return empty_str;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// return value of the iterator
+ typename IteratorType::reference value() const
+ {
+ return anchor.value();
+ }
+};
+
+/// proxy class for the items() function
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy
+{
+ private:
+ /// the container to iterate
+ typename IteratorType::pointer container = nullptr;
+
+ public:
+ explicit iteration_proxy() = default;
+
+ /// construct iteration proxy from a container
+ explicit iteration_proxy(typename IteratorType::reference cont) noexcept
+ : container(&cont) {}
+
+ iteration_proxy(iteration_proxy const&) = default;
+ iteration_proxy& operator=(iteration_proxy const&) = default;
+ iteration_proxy(iteration_proxy&&) noexcept = default;
+ iteration_proxy& operator=(iteration_proxy&&) noexcept = default;
+ ~iteration_proxy() = default;
+
+ /// return iterator begin (needed for range-based for)
+ iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType> begin() const noexcept
+ {
+ return iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>(container->begin());
+ }
+
+ /// return iterator end (needed for range-based for)
+ iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType> end() const noexcept
+ {
+ return iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>(container->end());
+ }
+};
+
+// Structured Bindings Support
+// For further reference see https://blog.tartanllama.xyz/structured-bindings/
+// And see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1391
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType, enable_if_t<N == 0, int> = 0>
+auto get(const nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>& i) -> decltype(i.key())
+{
+ return i.key();
+}
+// Structured Bindings Support
+// For further reference see https://blog.tartanllama.xyz/structured-bindings/
+// And see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1391
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType, enable_if_t<N == 1, int> = 0>
+auto get(const nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>& i) -> decltype(i.value())
+{
+ return i.value();
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// The Addition to the STD Namespace is required to add
+// Structured Bindings Support to the iteration_proxy_value class
+// For further reference see https://blog.tartanllama.xyz/structured-bindings/
+// And see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1391
+namespace std
+{
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+ // Fix: https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1401
+ #pragma clang diagnostic push
+ #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmismatched-tags"
+#endif
+template<typename IteratorType>
+class tuple_size<::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>> // NOLINT(cert-dcl58-cpp)
+ : public std::integral_constant<std::size_t, 2> {};
+
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType>
+class tuple_element<N, ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType >> // NOLINT(cert-dcl58-cpp)
+{
+ public:
+ using type = decltype(
+ get<N>(std::declval <
+ ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType >> ()));
+};
+#if defined(__clang__)
+ #pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+} // namespace std
+
+#if JSON_HAS_RANGES
+ template <typename IteratorType>
+ inline constexpr bool ::std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy<IteratorType>> = true;
+#endif
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/std_fs.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+//////////////////
+// constructors //
+//////////////////
+
+/*
+ * Note all external_constructor<>::construct functions need to call
+ * j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type) to avoid a memory leak in case j contains an
+ * allocated value (e.g., a string). See bug issue
+ * https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2865 for more information.
+ */
+
+template<value_t> struct external_constructor;
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::boolean>
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t b) noexcept
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::boolean;
+ j.m_data.m_value = b;
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::string>
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::string;
+ j.m_data.m_value = s;
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t&& s)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::string;
+ j.m_data.m_value = std::move(s);
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType,
+ enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleStringType, typename BasicJsonType::string_t>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleStringType& str)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::string;
+ j.m_data.m_value.string = j.template create<typename BasicJsonType::string_t>(str);
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::binary>
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& b)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::binary;
+ j.m_data.m_value = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t(b);
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t&& b)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::binary;
+ j.m_data.m_value = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t(std::move(b));
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::number_float>
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t val) noexcept
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::number_float;
+ j.m_data.m_value = val;
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::number_unsigned>
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t val) noexcept
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::number_unsigned;
+ j.m_data.m_value = val;
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::number_integer>
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t val) noexcept
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::number_integer;
+ j.m_data.m_value = val;
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::array>
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ j.m_data.m_value = arr;
+ j.set_parents();
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t&& arr)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ j.m_data.m_value = std::move(arr);
+ j.set_parents();
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
+ enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleArrayType, typename BasicJsonType::array_t>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr)
+ {
+ using std::begin;
+ using std::end;
+
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ j.m_data.m_value.array = j.template create<typename BasicJsonType::array_t>(begin(arr), end(arr));
+ j.set_parents();
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const std::vector<bool>& arr)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ j.m_data.m_value = value_t::array;
+ j.m_data.m_value.array->reserve(arr.size());
+ for (const bool x : arr)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.array->push_back(x);
+ j.set_parent(j.m_data.m_value.array->back());
+ }
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<T, BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const std::valarray<T>& arr)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ j.m_data.m_value = value_t::array;
+ j.m_data.m_value.array->resize(arr.size());
+ if (arr.size() > 0)
+ {
+ std::copy(std::begin(arr), std::end(arr), j.m_data.m_value.array->begin());
+ }
+ j.set_parents();
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::object>
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& obj)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ j.m_data.m_value = obj;
+ j.set_parents();
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::object_t&& obj)
+ {
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ j.m_data.m_value = std::move(obj);
+ j.set_parents();
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
+ enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleObjectType, typename BasicJsonType::object_t>::value, int > = 0 >
+ static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj)
+ {
+ using std::begin;
+ using std::end;
+
+ j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+ j.m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ j.m_data.m_value.object = j.template create<typename BasicJsonType::object_t>(begin(obj), end(obj));
+ j.set_parents();
+ j.assert_invariant();
+ }
+};
+
+/////////////
+// to_json //
+/////////////
+
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_constructible<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
+void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::optional<T>& opt)
+{
+ if (opt.has_value())
+ {
+ j = *opt;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ j = nullptr;
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, T b) noexcept
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::boolean>::construct(j, b);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename BoolRef,
+ enable_if_t <
+ ((std::is_same<std::vector<bool>::reference, BoolRef>::value
+ && !std::is_same <std::vector<bool>::reference, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t&>::value)
+ || (std::is_same<std::vector<bool>::const_reference, BoolRef>::value
+ && !std::is_same <detail::uncvref_t<std::vector<bool>::const_reference>,
+ typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t >::value))
+ && std::is_convertible<const BoolRef&, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const BoolRef& b) noexcept
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::boolean>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>(b));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleString,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t, CompatibleString>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleString& s)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::string>::construct(j, s);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t&& s)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::string>::construct(j, std::move(s));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename FloatType,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<FloatType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, FloatType val) noexcept
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::number_float>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t>(val));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleNumberUnsignedType,
+ enable_if_t<is_compatible_integer_type<typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t, CompatibleNumberUnsignedType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleNumberUnsignedType val) noexcept
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::number_unsigned>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t>(val));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType,
+ enable_if_t<is_compatible_integer_type<typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t, CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleNumberIntegerType val) noexcept
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::number_integer>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t>(val));
+}
+
+#if !JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename EnumType,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_enum<EnumType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, EnumType e) noexcept
+{
+ using underlying_type = typename std::underlying_type<EnumType>::type;
+ static constexpr value_t integral_value_t = std::is_unsigned<underlying_type>::value ? value_t::number_unsigned : value_t::number_integer;
+ external_constructor<integral_value_t>::construct(j, static_cast<underlying_type>(e));
+}
+#endif // JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::vector<bool>& e)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, e);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
+ enable_if_t < is_compatible_array_type<BasicJsonType,
+ CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+ !is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+ !is_compatible_string_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+ !std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::binary_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+ !is_basic_json<CompatibleArrayType>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, arr);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& bin)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::binary>::construct(j, bin);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<T, BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::valarray<T>& arr)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, std::move(arr));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t&& arr)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, std::move(arr));
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
+ enable_if_t < is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType>::value&& !is_basic_json<CompatibleObjectType>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::object>::construct(j, obj);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::object_t&& obj)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::object>::construct(j, std::move(obj));
+}
+
+template <
+ typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N,
+ enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t,
+ const T(&)[N]>::value, // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+ int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T(&arr)[N]) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+{
+ external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, arr);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T1, typename T2, enable_if_t < std::is_constructible<BasicJsonType, T1>::value&& std::is_constructible<BasicJsonType, T2>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::pair<T1, T2>& p)
+{
+ j = { p.first, p.second };
+}
+
+// for https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1134
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, iteration_proxy_value<typename BasicJsonType::iterator>>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& b)
+{
+ j = { {b.key(), b.value()} };
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename Tuple, std::size_t... Idx>
+inline void to_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType& j, const Tuple& t, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+{
+ j = { std::get<Idx>(t)... };
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename Tuple>
+inline void to_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType& j, const Tuple& /*unused*/, index_sequence<> /*unused*/)
+{
+ using array_t = typename BasicJsonType::array_t;
+ j = array_t();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, enable_if_t<is_constructible_tuple<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int > = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& t)
+{
+ to_json_tuple_impl(j, t, make_index_sequence<std::tuple_size<T>::value> {});
+}
+
+#if JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM || JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std_fs::path& p)
+{
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+ const std::u8string s = p.u8string();
+ j = std::string(s.begin(), s.end());
+#else
+ j = p.u8string(); // returns std::string in C++17
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+struct to_json_fn
+{
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+ auto operator()(BasicJsonType& j, T&& val) const noexcept(noexcept(to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val))))
+ -> decltype(to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val)), void())
+ {
+ return to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val));
+ }
+};
+} // namespace detail
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+/// namespace to hold default `to_json` function
+/// to see why this is required:
+/// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4381.html
+namespace // NOLINT(cert-dcl59-cpp,fuchsia-header-anon-namespaces,google-build-namespaces)
+{
+#endif
+JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr const auto& to_json = // NOLINT(misc-definitions-in-headers)
+ detail::static_const<detail::to_json_fn>::value;
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+} // namespace
+#endif
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/identity_tag.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/adl_serializer/
+template<typename ValueType, typename>
+struct adl_serializer
+{
+ /// @brief convert a JSON value to any value type
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/adl_serializer/from_json/
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TargetType = ValueType>
+ static auto from_json(BasicJsonType && j, TargetType& val) noexcept(
+ noexcept(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), val)))
+ -> decltype(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), val), void())
+ {
+ ::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), val);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief convert a JSON value to any value type
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/adl_serializer/from_json/
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TargetType = ValueType>
+ static auto from_json(BasicJsonType && j) noexcept(
+ noexcept(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), detail::identity_tag<TargetType> {})))
+ -> decltype(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), detail::identity_tag<TargetType> {}))
+ {
+ return ::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), detail::identity_tag<TargetType> {});
+ }
+
+ /// @brief convert any value type to a JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/adl_serializer/to_json/
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TargetType = ValueType>
+ static auto to_json(BasicJsonType& j, TargetType && val) noexcept(
+ noexcept(::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<TargetType>(val))))
+ -> decltype(::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<TargetType>(val)), void())
+ {
+ ::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<TargetType>(val));
+ }
+};
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/byte_container_with_subtype.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t, uint64_t
+#include <tuple> // tie
+#include <utility> // move
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/// @brief an internal type for a backed binary type
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/
+template<typename BinaryType>
+class byte_container_with_subtype : public BinaryType
+{
+ public:
+ using container_type = BinaryType;
+ using subtype_type = std::uint64_t;
+
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+ byte_container_with_subtype() noexcept(noexcept(container_type()))
+ : container_type()
+ {}
+
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+ byte_container_with_subtype(const container_type& b) noexcept(noexcept(container_type(b)))
+ : container_type(b)
+ {}
+
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+ byte_container_with_subtype(container_type&& b) noexcept(noexcept(container_type(std::move(b))))
+ : container_type(std::move(b))
+ {}
+
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+ byte_container_with_subtype(const container_type& b, subtype_type subtype_) noexcept(noexcept(container_type(b)))
+ : container_type(b)
+ , m_subtype(subtype_)
+ , m_has_subtype(true)
+ {}
+
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+ byte_container_with_subtype(container_type&& b, subtype_type subtype_) noexcept(noexcept(container_type(std::move(b))))
+ : container_type(std::move(b))
+ , m_subtype(subtype_)
+ , m_has_subtype(true)
+ {}
+
+ bool operator==(const byte_container_with_subtype& rhs) const
+ {
+ return std::tie(static_cast<const BinaryType&>(*this), m_subtype, m_has_subtype) ==
+ std::tie(static_cast<const BinaryType&>(rhs), rhs.m_subtype, rhs.m_has_subtype);
+ }
+
+ bool operator!=(const byte_container_with_subtype& rhs) const
+ {
+ return !(rhs == *this);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief sets the binary subtype
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/set_subtype/
+ void set_subtype(subtype_type subtype_) noexcept
+ {
+ m_subtype = subtype_;
+ m_has_subtype = true;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return the binary subtype
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/subtype/
+ constexpr subtype_type subtype() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_has_subtype ? m_subtype : static_cast<subtype_type>(-1);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether the value has a subtype
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/has_subtype/
+ constexpr bool has_subtype() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_has_subtype;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief clears the binary subtype
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/clear_subtype/
+ void clear_subtype() noexcept
+ {
+ m_subtype = 0;
+ m_has_subtype = false;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ subtype_type m_subtype = 0;
+ bool m_has_subtype = false;
+};
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/from_json.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_json.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/hash.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <functional> // hash
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// boost::hash_combine
+inline std::size_t combine(std::size_t seed, std::size_t h) noexcept
+{
+ seed ^= h + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6U) + (seed >> 2U);
+ return seed;
+}
+
+/*!
+@brief hash a JSON value
+
+The hash function tries to rely on std::hash where possible. Furthermore, the
+type of the JSON value is taken into account to have different hash values for
+null, 0, 0U, and false, etc.
+
+@tparam BasicJsonType basic_json specialization
+@param j JSON value to hash
+@return hash value of j
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+std::size_t hash(const BasicJsonType& j)
+{
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+
+ const auto type = static_cast<std::size_t>(j.type());
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::null:
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::discarded:
+ {
+ return combine(type, 0);
+ }
+
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::object:
+ {
+ auto seed = combine(type, j.size());
+ for (const auto& element : j.items())
+ {
+ const auto h = std::hash<string_t> {}(element.key());
+ seed = combine(seed, h);
+ seed = combine(seed, hash(element.value()));
+ }
+ return seed;
+ }
+
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::array:
+ {
+ auto seed = combine(type, j.size());
+ for (const auto& element : j)
+ {
+ seed = combine(seed, hash(element));
+ }
+ return seed;
+ }
+
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::string:
+ {
+ const auto h = std::hash<string_t> {}(j.template get_ref<const string_t&>());
+ return combine(type, h);
+ }
+
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ const auto h = std::hash<bool> {}(j.template get<bool>());
+ return combine(type, h);
+ }
+
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ const auto h = std::hash<number_integer_t> {}(j.template get<number_integer_t>());
+ return combine(type, h);
+ }
+
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ const auto h = std::hash<number_unsigned_t> {}(j.template get<number_unsigned_t>());
+ return combine(type, h);
+ }
+
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ const auto h = std::hash<number_float_t> {}(j.template get<number_float_t>());
+ return combine(type, h);
+ }
+
+ case BasicJsonType::value_t::binary:
+ {
+ auto seed = combine(type, j.get_binary().size());
+ const auto h = std::hash<bool> {}(j.get_binary().has_subtype());
+ seed = combine(seed, h);
+ seed = combine(seed, static_cast<std::size_t>(j.get_binary().subtype()));
+ for (const auto byte : j.get_binary())
+ {
+ seed = combine(seed, std::hash<std::uint8_t> {}(byte));
+ }
+ return seed;
+ }
+
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ return 0; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/binary_reader.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <algorithm> // generate_n
+#include <array> // array
+#include <cmath> // ldexp
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t, uint16_t, uint32_t, uint64_t
+#include <cstdio> // snprintf
+#include <cstring> // memcpy
+#include <iterator> // back_inserter
+#include <limits> // numeric_limits
+#include <string> // char_traits, string
+#include <utility> // make_pair, move
+#include <vector> // vector
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_byteswap
+ #include <bit> //byteswap
+#endif
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <array> // array
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <cstring> // strlen
+#include <iterator> // begin, end, iterator_traits, random_access_iterator_tag, distance, next
+#include <memory> // shared_ptr, make_shared, addressof
+#include <numeric> // accumulate
+#include <string> // string, char_traits
+#include <type_traits> // enable_if, is_base_of, is_pointer, is_integral, remove_pointer
+#include <utility> // pair, declval
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+ #include <cstdio> // FILE *
+ #include <istream> // istream
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iterator_traits.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/// the supported input formats
+enum class input_format_t { json, cbor, msgpack, ubjson, bson, bjdata };
+
+////////////////////
+// input adapters //
+////////////////////
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+/*!
+Input adapter for stdio file access. This adapter read only 1 byte and do not use any
+ buffer. This adapter is a very low level adapter.
+*/
+class file_input_adapter
+{
+ public:
+ using char_type = char;
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ explicit file_input_adapter(std::FILE* f) noexcept
+ : m_file(f)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_file != nullptr);
+ }
+
+ // make class move-only
+ file_input_adapter(const file_input_adapter&) = delete;
+ file_input_adapter(file_input_adapter&&) noexcept = default;
+ file_input_adapter& operator=(const file_input_adapter&) = delete;
+ file_input_adapter& operator=(file_input_adapter&&) = delete;
+ ~file_input_adapter() = default;
+
+ std::char_traits<char>::int_type get_character() noexcept
+ {
+ return std::fgetc(m_file);
+ }
+
+ // returns the number of characters successfully read
+ template<class T>
+ std::size_t get_elements(T* dest, std::size_t count = 1)
+ {
+ return fread(dest, 1, sizeof(T) * count, m_file);
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /// the file pointer to read from
+ std::FILE* m_file;
+};
+
+/*!
+Input adapter for a (caching) istream. Ignores a UFT Byte Order Mark at
+beginning of input. Does not support changing the underlying std::streambuf
+in mid-input. Maintains underlying std::istream and std::streambuf to support
+subsequent use of standard std::istream operations to process any input
+characters following those used in parsing the JSON input. Clears the
+std::istream flags; any input errors (e.g., EOF) will be detected by the first
+subsequent call for input from the std::istream.
+*/
+class input_stream_adapter
+{
+ public:
+ using char_type = char;
+
+ ~input_stream_adapter()
+ {
+ // clear stream flags; we use underlying streambuf I/O, do not
+ // maintain ifstream flags, except eof
+ if (is != nullptr)
+ {
+ is->clear(is->rdstate() & std::ios::eofbit);
+ }
+ }
+
+ explicit input_stream_adapter(std::istream& i)
+ : is(&i), sb(i.rdbuf())
+ {}
+
+ // delete because of pointer members
+ input_stream_adapter(const input_stream_adapter&) = delete;
+ input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&) = delete;
+ input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&&) = delete;
+
+ input_stream_adapter(input_stream_adapter&& rhs) noexcept
+ : is(rhs.is), sb(rhs.sb)
+ {
+ rhs.is = nullptr;
+ rhs.sb = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ // std::istream/std::streambuf use std::char_traits<char>::to_int_type, to
+ // ensure that std::char_traits<char>::eof() and the character 0xFF do not
+ // end up as the same value, e.g. 0xFFFFFFFF.
+ std::char_traits<char>::int_type get_character()
+ {
+ auto res = sb->sbumpc();
+ // set eof manually, as we don't use the istream interface.
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(res == std::char_traits<char>::eof()))
+ {
+ is->clear(is->rdstate() | std::ios::eofbit);
+ }
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ template<class T>
+ std::size_t get_elements(T* dest, std::size_t count = 1)
+ {
+ auto res = static_cast<std::size_t>(sb->sgetn(reinterpret_cast<char*>(dest), static_cast<std::streamsize>(count * sizeof(T))));
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(res < count * sizeof(T)))
+ {
+ is->clear(is->rdstate() | std::ios::eofbit);
+ }
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /// the associated input stream
+ std::istream* is = nullptr;
+ std::streambuf* sb = nullptr;
+};
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+
+// General-purpose iterator-based adapter. It might not be as fast as
+// theoretically possible for some containers, but it is extremely versatile.
+template<typename IteratorType>
+class iterator_input_adapter
+{
+ public:
+ using char_type = typename std::iterator_traits<IteratorType>::value_type;
+
+ iterator_input_adapter(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+ : current(std::move(first)), end(std::move(last))
+ {}
+
+ typename char_traits<char_type>::int_type get_character()
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != end))
+ {
+ auto result = char_traits<char_type>::to_int_type(*current);
+ std::advance(current, 1);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ return char_traits<char_type>::eof();
+ }
+
+ // for general iterators, we cannot really do something better than falling back to processing the range one-by-one
+ template<class T>
+ std::size_t get_elements(T* dest, std::size_t count = 1)
+ {
+ auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<char*>(dest);
+ for (std::size_t read_index = 0; read_index < count * sizeof(T); ++read_index)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != end))
+ {
+ ptr[read_index] = static_cast<char>(*current);
+ std::advance(current, 1);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ return read_index;
+ }
+ }
+ return count * sizeof(T);
+ }
+
+ private:
+ IteratorType current;
+ IteratorType end;
+
+ template<typename BaseInputAdapter, size_t T>
+ friend struct wide_string_input_helper;
+
+ bool empty() const
+ {
+ return current == end;
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename BaseInputAdapter, size_t T>
+struct wide_string_input_helper;
+
+template<typename BaseInputAdapter>
+struct wide_string_input_helper<BaseInputAdapter, 4>
+{
+ // UTF-32
+ static void fill_buffer(BaseInputAdapter& input,
+ std::array<std::char_traits<char>::int_type, 4>& utf8_bytes,
+ size_t& utf8_bytes_index,
+ size_t& utf8_bytes_filled)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes_index = 0;
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(input.empty()))
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = std::char_traits<char>::eof();
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // get the current character
+ const auto wc = input.get_character();
+
+ // UTF-32 to UTF-8 encoding
+ if (wc < 0x80)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(wc);
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+ }
+ else if (wc <= 0x7FF)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xC0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x1Fu));
+ utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 2;
+ }
+ else if (wc <= 0xFFFF)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xE0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 12u) & 0x0Fu));
+ utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes[2] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 3;
+ }
+ else if (wc <= 0x10FFFF)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xF0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 18u) & 0x07u));
+ utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 12u) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes[2] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes[3] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 4;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // unknown character
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(wc);
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename BaseInputAdapter>
+struct wide_string_input_helper<BaseInputAdapter, 2>
+{
+ // UTF-16
+ static void fill_buffer(BaseInputAdapter& input,
+ std::array<std::char_traits<char>::int_type, 4>& utf8_bytes,
+ size_t& utf8_bytes_index,
+ size_t& utf8_bytes_filled)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes_index = 0;
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(input.empty()))
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = std::char_traits<char>::eof();
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // get the current character
+ const auto wc = input.get_character();
+
+ // UTF-16 to UTF-8 encoding
+ if (wc < 0x80)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(wc);
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+ }
+ else if (wc <= 0x7FF)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xC0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u)));
+ utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 2;
+ }
+ else if (0xD800 > wc || wc >= 0xE000)
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xE0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 12u)));
+ utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes[2] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 3;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!input.empty()))
+ {
+ const auto wc2 = static_cast<unsigned int>(input.get_character());
+ const auto charcode = 0x10000u + (((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3FFu) << 10u) | (wc2 & 0x3FFu));
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xF0u | (charcode >> 18u));
+ utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((charcode >> 12u) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes[2] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((charcode >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes[3] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (charcode & 0x3Fu));
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 4;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(wc);
+ utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+};
+
+// Wraps another input adapter to convert wide character types into individual bytes.
+template<typename BaseInputAdapter, typename WideCharType>
+class wide_string_input_adapter
+{
+ public:
+ using char_type = char;
+
+ wide_string_input_adapter(BaseInputAdapter base)
+ : base_adapter(base) {}
+
+ typename std::char_traits<char>::int_type get_character() noexcept
+ {
+ // check if buffer needs to be filled
+ if (utf8_bytes_index == utf8_bytes_filled)
+ {
+ fill_buffer<sizeof(WideCharType)>();
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_filled > 0);
+ JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_index == 0);
+ }
+
+ // use buffer
+ JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_filled > 0);
+ JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_index < utf8_bytes_filled);
+ return utf8_bytes[utf8_bytes_index++];
+ }
+
+ // parsing binary with wchar doesn't make sense, but since the parsing mode can be runtime, we need something here
+ template<class T>
+ std::size_t get_elements(T* /*dest*/, std::size_t /*count*/ = 1)
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(112, 1, "wide string type cannot be interpreted as binary data", nullptr));
+ }
+
+ private:
+ BaseInputAdapter base_adapter;
+
+ template<size_t T>
+ void fill_buffer()
+ {
+ wide_string_input_helper<BaseInputAdapter, T>::fill_buffer(base_adapter, utf8_bytes, utf8_bytes_index, utf8_bytes_filled);
+ }
+
+ /// a buffer for UTF-8 bytes
+ std::array<std::char_traits<char>::int_type, 4> utf8_bytes = {{0, 0, 0, 0}};
+
+ /// index to the utf8_codes array for the next valid byte
+ std::size_t utf8_bytes_index = 0;
+ /// number of valid bytes in the utf8_codes array
+ std::size_t utf8_bytes_filled = 0;
+};
+
+template<typename IteratorType, typename Enable = void>
+struct iterator_input_adapter_factory
+{
+ using iterator_type = IteratorType;
+ using char_type = typename std::iterator_traits<iterator_type>::value_type;
+ using adapter_type = iterator_input_adapter<iterator_type>;
+
+ static adapter_type create(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+ {
+ return adapter_type(std::move(first), std::move(last));
+ }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_iterator_of_multibyte
+{
+ using value_type = typename std::iterator_traits<T>::value_type;
+ enum
+ {
+ value = sizeof(value_type) > 1
+ };
+};
+
+template<typename IteratorType>
+struct iterator_input_adapter_factory<IteratorType, enable_if_t<is_iterator_of_multibyte<IteratorType>::value>>
+{
+ using iterator_type = IteratorType;
+ using char_type = typename std::iterator_traits<iterator_type>::value_type;
+ using base_adapter_type = iterator_input_adapter<iterator_type>;
+ using adapter_type = wide_string_input_adapter<base_adapter_type, char_type>;
+
+ static adapter_type create(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+ {
+ return adapter_type(base_adapter_type(std::move(first), std::move(last)));
+ }
+};
+
+// General purpose iterator-based input
+template<typename IteratorType>
+typename iterator_input_adapter_factory<IteratorType>::adapter_type input_adapter(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+{
+ using factory_type = iterator_input_adapter_factory<IteratorType>;
+ return factory_type::create(first, last);
+}
+
+// Convenience shorthand from container to iterator
+// Enables ADL on begin(container) and end(container)
+// Encloses the using declarations in namespace for not to leak them to outside scope
+
+namespace container_input_adapter_factory_impl
+{
+
+using std::begin;
+using std::end;
+
+template<typename ContainerType, typename Enable = void>
+struct container_input_adapter_factory {};
+
+template<typename ContainerType>
+struct container_input_adapter_factory< ContainerType,
+ void_t<decltype(begin(std::declval<ContainerType>()), end(std::declval<ContainerType>()))>>
+ {
+ using adapter_type = decltype(input_adapter(begin(std::declval<ContainerType>()), end(std::declval<ContainerType>())));
+
+ static adapter_type create(const ContainerType& container)
+{
+ return input_adapter(begin(container), end(container));
+}
+ };
+
+} // namespace container_input_adapter_factory_impl
+
+template<typename ContainerType>
+typename container_input_adapter_factory_impl::container_input_adapter_factory<ContainerType>::adapter_type input_adapter(const ContainerType& container)
+{
+ return container_input_adapter_factory_impl::container_input_adapter_factory<ContainerType>::create(container);
+}
+
+// specialization for std::string
+using string_input_adapter_type = decltype(input_adapter(std::declval<std::string>()));
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+// Special cases with fast paths
+inline file_input_adapter input_adapter(std::FILE* file)
+{
+ if (file == nullptr)
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(101, 0, "attempting to parse an empty input; check that your input string or stream contains the expected JSON", nullptr));
+ }
+ return file_input_adapter(file);
+}
+
+inline input_stream_adapter input_adapter(std::istream& stream)
+{
+ return input_stream_adapter(stream);
+}
+
+inline input_stream_adapter input_adapter(std::istream&& stream)
+{
+ return input_stream_adapter(stream);
+}
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+
+using contiguous_bytes_input_adapter = decltype(input_adapter(std::declval<const char*>(), std::declval<const char*>()));
+
+// Null-delimited strings, and the like.
+template < typename CharT,
+ typename std::enable_if <
+ std::is_pointer<CharT>::value&&
+ !std::is_array<CharT>::value&&
+ std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value&&
+ sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type) == 1,
+ int >::type = 0 >
+contiguous_bytes_input_adapter input_adapter(CharT b)
+{
+ if (b == nullptr)
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(101, 0, "attempting to parse an empty input; check that your input string or stream contains the expected JSON", nullptr));
+ }
+ auto length = std::strlen(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b));
+ const auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b);
+ return input_adapter(ptr, ptr + length); // cppcheck-suppress[nullPointerArithmeticRedundantCheck]
+}
+
+template<typename T, std::size_t N>
+auto input_adapter(T (&array)[N]) -> decltype(input_adapter(array, array + N)) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+{
+ return input_adapter(array, array + N);
+}
+
+// This class only handles inputs of input_buffer_adapter type.
+// It's required so that expressions like {ptr, len} can be implicitly cast
+// to the correct adapter.
+class span_input_adapter
+{
+ public:
+ template < typename CharT,
+ typename std::enable_if <
+ std::is_pointer<CharT>::value&&
+ std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value&&
+ sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type) == 1,
+ int >::type = 0 >
+ span_input_adapter(CharT b, std::size_t l)
+ : ia(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b), reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b) + l) {}
+
+ template<class IteratorType,
+ typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_same<typename iterator_traits<IteratorType>::iterator_category, std::random_access_iterator_tag>::value,
+ int>::type = 0>
+ span_input_adapter(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+ : ia(input_adapter(first, last)) {}
+
+ contiguous_bytes_input_adapter&& get()
+ {
+ return std::move(ia); // NOLINT(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
+ }
+
+ private:
+ contiguous_bytes_input_adapter ia;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/json_sax.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <string> // string
+#include <type_traits> // enable_if_t
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <array> // array
+#include <clocale> // localeconv
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <cstdio> // snprintf
+#include <cstdlib> // strtof, strtod, strtold, strtoll, strtoull
+#include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
+#include <string> // char_traits, string
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+///////////
+// lexer //
+///////////
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class lexer_base
+{
+ public:
+ /// token types for the parser
+ enum class token_type
+ {
+ uninitialized, ///< indicating the scanner is uninitialized
+ literal_true, ///< the `true` literal
+ literal_false, ///< the `false` literal
+ literal_null, ///< the `null` literal
+ value_string, ///< a string -- use get_string() for actual value
+ value_unsigned, ///< an unsigned integer -- use get_number_unsigned() for actual value
+ value_integer, ///< a signed integer -- use get_number_integer() for actual value
+ value_float, ///< an floating point number -- use get_number_float() for actual value
+ begin_array, ///< the character for array begin `[`
+ begin_object, ///< the character for object begin `{`
+ end_array, ///< the character for array end `]`
+ end_object, ///< the character for object end `}`
+ name_separator, ///< the name separator `:`
+ value_separator, ///< the value separator `,`
+ parse_error, ///< indicating a parse error
+ end_of_input, ///< indicating the end of the input buffer
+ literal_or_value ///< a literal or the begin of a value (only for diagnostics)
+ };
+
+ /// return name of values of type token_type (only used for errors)
+ JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+ JSON_HEDLEY_CONST
+ static const char* token_type_name(const token_type t) noexcept
+ {
+ switch (t)
+ {
+ case token_type::uninitialized:
+ return "<uninitialized>";
+ case token_type::literal_true:
+ return "true literal";
+ case token_type::literal_false:
+ return "false literal";
+ case token_type::literal_null:
+ return "null literal";
+ case token_type::value_string:
+ return "string literal";
+ case token_type::value_unsigned:
+ case token_type::value_integer:
+ case token_type::value_float:
+ return "number literal";
+ case token_type::begin_array:
+ return "'['";
+ case token_type::begin_object:
+ return "'{'";
+ case token_type::end_array:
+ return "']'";
+ case token_type::end_object:
+ return "'}'";
+ case token_type::name_separator:
+ return "':'";
+ case token_type::value_separator:
+ return "','";
+ case token_type::parse_error:
+ return "<parse error>";
+ case token_type::end_of_input:
+ return "end of input";
+ case token_type::literal_or_value:
+ return "'[', '{', or a literal";
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ default: // catch non-enum values
+ return "unknown token";
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+ }
+ }
+};
+/*!
+@brief lexical analysis
+
+This class organizes the lexical analysis during JSON deserialization.
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class lexer : public lexer_base<BasicJsonType>
+{
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using char_type = typename InputAdapterType::char_type;
+ using char_int_type = typename char_traits<char_type>::int_type;
+
+ public:
+ using token_type = typename lexer_base<BasicJsonType>::token_type;
+
+ explicit lexer(InputAdapterType&& adapter, bool ignore_comments_ = false) noexcept
+ : ia(std::move(adapter))
+ , ignore_comments(ignore_comments_)
+ , decimal_point_char(static_cast<char_int_type>(get_decimal_point()))
+ {}
+
+ // delete because of pointer members
+ lexer(const lexer&) = delete;
+ lexer(lexer&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+ lexer& operator=(lexer&) = delete;
+ lexer& operator=(lexer&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+ ~lexer() = default;
+
+ private:
+ /////////////////////
+ // locales
+ /////////////////////
+
+ /// return the locale-dependent decimal point
+ JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
+ static char get_decimal_point() noexcept
+ {
+ const auto* loc = localeconv();
+ JSON_ASSERT(loc != nullptr);
+ return (loc->decimal_point == nullptr) ? '.' : *(loc->decimal_point);
+ }
+
+ /////////////////////
+ // scan functions
+ /////////////////////
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get codepoint from 4 hex characters following `\u`
+
+ For input "\u c1 c2 c3 c4" the codepoint is:
+ (c1 * 0x1000) + (c2 * 0x0100) + (c3 * 0x0010) + c4
+ = (c1 << 12) + (c2 << 8) + (c3 << 4) + (c4 << 0)
+
+ Furthermore, the possible characters '0'..'9', 'A'..'F', and 'a'..'f'
+ must be converted to the integers 0x0..0x9, 0xA..0xF, 0xA..0xF, resp. The
+ conversion is done by subtracting the offset (0x30, 0x37, and 0x57)
+ between the ASCII value of the character and the desired integer value.
+
+ @return codepoint (0x0000..0xFFFF) or -1 in case of an error (e.g. EOF or
+ non-hex character)
+ */
+ int get_codepoint()
+ {
+ // this function only makes sense after reading `\u`
+ JSON_ASSERT(current == 'u');
+ int codepoint = 0;
+
+ const auto factors = { 12u, 8u, 4u, 0u };
+ for (const auto factor : factors)
+ {
+ get();
+
+ if (current >= '0' && current <= '9')
+ {
+ codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x30u) << factor);
+ }
+ else if (current >= 'A' && current <= 'F')
+ {
+ codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x37u) << factor);
+ }
+ else if (current >= 'a' && current <= 'f')
+ {
+ codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x57u) << factor);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(0x0000 <= codepoint && codepoint <= 0xFFFF);
+ return codepoint;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief check if the next byte(s) are inside a given range
+
+ Adds the current byte and, for each passed range, reads a new byte and
+ checks if it is inside the range. If a violation was detected, set up an
+ error message and return false. Otherwise, return true.
+
+ @param[in] ranges list of integers; interpreted as list of pairs of
+ inclusive lower and upper bound, respectively
+
+ @pre The passed list @a ranges must have 2, 4, or 6 elements; that is,
+ 1, 2, or 3 pairs. This precondition is enforced by an assertion.
+
+ @return true if and only if no range violation was detected
+ */
+ bool next_byte_in_range(std::initializer_list<char_int_type> ranges)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(ranges.size() == 2 || ranges.size() == 4 || ranges.size() == 6);
+ add(current);
+
+ for (auto range = ranges.begin(); range != ranges.end(); ++range)
+ {
+ get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(*range <= current && current <= *(++range))) // NOLINT(bugprone-inc-dec-in-conditions)
+ {
+ add(current);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief scan a string literal
+
+ This function scans a string according to Sect. 7 of RFC 8259. While
+ scanning, bytes are escaped and copied into buffer token_buffer. Then the
+ function returns successfully, token_buffer is *not* null-terminated (as it
+ may contain \0 bytes), and token_buffer.size() is the number of bytes in the
+ string.
+
+ @return token_type::value_string if string could be successfully scanned,
+ token_type::parse_error otherwise
+
+ @note In case of errors, variable error_message contains a textual
+ description.
+ */
+ token_type scan_string()
+ {
+ // reset token_buffer (ignore opening quote)
+ reset();
+
+ // we entered the function by reading an open quote
+ JSON_ASSERT(current == '\"');
+
+ while (true)
+ {
+ // get next character
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ // end of file while parsing string
+ case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: missing closing quote";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ // closing quote
+ case '\"':
+ {
+ return token_type::value_string;
+ }
+
+ // escapes
+ case '\\':
+ {
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ // quotation mark
+ case '\"':
+ add('\"');
+ break;
+ // reverse solidus
+ case '\\':
+ add('\\');
+ break;
+ // solidus
+ case '/':
+ add('/');
+ break;
+ // backspace
+ case 'b':
+ add('\b');
+ break;
+ // form feed
+ case 'f':
+ add('\f');
+ break;
+ // line feed
+ case 'n':
+ add('\n');
+ break;
+ // carriage return
+ case 'r':
+ add('\r');
+ break;
+ // tab
+ case 't':
+ add('\t');
+ break;
+
+ // unicode escapes
+ case 'u':
+ {
+ const int codepoint1 = get_codepoint();
+ int codepoint = codepoint1; // start with codepoint1
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint1 == -1))
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ // check if code point is a high surrogate
+ if (0xD800 <= codepoint1 && codepoint1 <= 0xDBFF)
+ {
+ // expect next \uxxxx entry
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(get() == '\\' && get() == 'u'))
+ {
+ const int codepoint2 = get_codepoint();
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint2 == -1))
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ // check if codepoint2 is a low surrogate
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint2 && codepoint2 <= 0xDFFF))
+ {
+ // overwrite codepoint
+ codepoint = static_cast<int>(
+ // high surrogate occupies the most significant 22 bits
+ (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint1) << 10u)
+ // low surrogate occupies the least significant 15 bits
+ + static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint2)
+ // there is still the 0xD800, 0xDC00 and 0x10000 noise
+ // in the result, so we have to subtract with:
+ // (0xD800 << 10) + DC00 - 0x10000 = 0x35FDC00
+ - 0x35FDC00u);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint1 && codepoint1 <= 0xDFFF))
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+DC00..U+DFFF must follow U+D800..U+DBFF";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // result of the above calculation yields a proper codepoint
+ JSON_ASSERT(0x00 <= codepoint && codepoint <= 0x10FFFF);
+
+ // translate codepoint into bytes
+ if (codepoint < 0x80)
+ {
+ // 1-byte characters: 0xxxxxxx (ASCII)
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(codepoint));
+ }
+ else if (codepoint <= 0x7FF)
+ {
+ // 2-byte characters: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xC0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u)));
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+ }
+ else if (codepoint <= 0xFFFF)
+ {
+ // 3-byte characters: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xE0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u)));
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // 4-byte characters: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xF0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 18u)));
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u) & 0x3Fu)));
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
+ add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // other characters after escape
+ default:
+ error_message = "invalid string: forbidden character after backslash";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // invalid control characters
+ case 0x00:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0000 (NUL) must be escaped to \\u0000";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x01:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0001 (SOH) must be escaped to \\u0001";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x02:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0002 (STX) must be escaped to \\u0002";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x03:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0003 (ETX) must be escaped to \\u0003";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x04:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0004 (EOT) must be escaped to \\u0004";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x05:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0005 (ENQ) must be escaped to \\u0005";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x06:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0006 (ACK) must be escaped to \\u0006";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x07:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0007 (BEL) must be escaped to \\u0007";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x08:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0008 (BS) must be escaped to \\u0008 or \\b";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x09:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0009 (HT) must be escaped to \\u0009 or \\t";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0A:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000A (LF) must be escaped to \\u000A or \\n";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0B:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000B (VT) must be escaped to \\u000B";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0C:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000C (FF) must be escaped to \\u000C or \\f";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0D:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000D (CR) must be escaped to \\u000D or \\r";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0E:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000E (SO) must be escaped to \\u000E";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0F:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000F (SI) must be escaped to \\u000F";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x10:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0010 (DLE) must be escaped to \\u0010";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x11:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0011 (DC1) must be escaped to \\u0011";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x12:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0012 (DC2) must be escaped to \\u0012";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x13:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0013 (DC3) must be escaped to \\u0013";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x14:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0014 (DC4) must be escaped to \\u0014";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x15:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0015 (NAK) must be escaped to \\u0015";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x16:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0016 (SYN) must be escaped to \\u0016";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x17:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0017 (ETB) must be escaped to \\u0017";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x18:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0018 (CAN) must be escaped to \\u0018";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x19:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0019 (EM) must be escaped to \\u0019";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x1A:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001A (SUB) must be escaped to \\u001A";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x1B:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001B (ESC) must be escaped to \\u001B";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x1C:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001C (FS) must be escaped to \\u001C";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x1D:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001D (GS) must be escaped to \\u001D";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x1E:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001E (RS) must be escaped to \\u001E";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ case 0x1F:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001F (US) must be escaped to \\u001F";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ // U+0020..U+007F (except U+0022 (quote) and U+005C (backspace))
+ case 0x20:
+ case 0x21:
+ case 0x23:
+ case 0x24:
+ case 0x25:
+ case 0x26:
+ case 0x27:
+ case 0x28:
+ case 0x29:
+ case 0x2A:
+ case 0x2B:
+ case 0x2C:
+ case 0x2D:
+ case 0x2E:
+ case 0x2F:
+ case 0x30:
+ case 0x31:
+ case 0x32:
+ case 0x33:
+ case 0x34:
+ case 0x35:
+ case 0x36:
+ case 0x37:
+ case 0x38:
+ case 0x39:
+ case 0x3A:
+ case 0x3B:
+ case 0x3C:
+ case 0x3D:
+ case 0x3E:
+ case 0x3F:
+ case 0x40:
+ case 0x41:
+ case 0x42:
+ case 0x43:
+ case 0x44:
+ case 0x45:
+ case 0x46:
+ case 0x47:
+ case 0x48:
+ case 0x49:
+ case 0x4A:
+ case 0x4B:
+ case 0x4C:
+ case 0x4D:
+ case 0x4E:
+ case 0x4F:
+ case 0x50:
+ case 0x51:
+ case 0x52:
+ case 0x53:
+ case 0x54:
+ case 0x55:
+ case 0x56:
+ case 0x57:
+ case 0x58:
+ case 0x59:
+ case 0x5A:
+ case 0x5B:
+ case 0x5D:
+ case 0x5E:
+ case 0x5F:
+ case 0x60:
+ case 0x61:
+ case 0x62:
+ case 0x63:
+ case 0x64:
+ case 0x65:
+ case 0x66:
+ case 0x67:
+ case 0x68:
+ case 0x69:
+ case 0x6A:
+ case 0x6B:
+ case 0x6C:
+ case 0x6D:
+ case 0x6E:
+ case 0x6F:
+ case 0x70:
+ case 0x71:
+ case 0x72:
+ case 0x73:
+ case 0x74:
+ case 0x75:
+ case 0x76:
+ case 0x77:
+ case 0x78:
+ case 0x79:
+ case 0x7A:
+ case 0x7B:
+ case 0x7C:
+ case 0x7D:
+ case 0x7E:
+ case 0x7F:
+ {
+ add(current);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // U+0080..U+07FF: bytes C2..DF 80..BF
+ case 0xC2:
+ case 0xC3:
+ case 0xC4:
+ case 0xC5:
+ case 0xC6:
+ case 0xC7:
+ case 0xC8:
+ case 0xC9:
+ case 0xCA:
+ case 0xCB:
+ case 0xCC:
+ case 0xCD:
+ case 0xCE:
+ case 0xCF:
+ case 0xD0:
+ case 0xD1:
+ case 0xD2:
+ case 0xD3:
+ case 0xD4:
+ case 0xD5:
+ case 0xD6:
+ case 0xD7:
+ case 0xD8:
+ case 0xD9:
+ case 0xDA:
+ case 0xDB:
+ case 0xDC:
+ case 0xDD:
+ case 0xDE:
+ case 0xDF:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF})))
+ {
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // U+0800..U+0FFF: bytes E0 A0..BF 80..BF
+ case 0xE0:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0xA0, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+ {
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // U+1000..U+CFFF: bytes E1..EC 80..BF 80..BF
+ // U+E000..U+FFFF: bytes EE..EF 80..BF 80..BF
+ case 0xE1:
+ case 0xE2:
+ case 0xE3:
+ case 0xE4:
+ case 0xE5:
+ case 0xE6:
+ case 0xE7:
+ case 0xE8:
+ case 0xE9:
+ case 0xEA:
+ case 0xEB:
+ case 0xEC:
+ case 0xEE:
+ case 0xEF:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+ {
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // U+D000..U+D7FF: bytes ED 80..9F 80..BF
+ case 0xED:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x9F, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+ {
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // U+10000..U+3FFFF F0 90..BF 80..BF 80..BF
+ case 0xF0:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x90, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+ {
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // U+40000..U+FFFFF F1..F3 80..BF 80..BF 80..BF
+ case 0xF1:
+ case 0xF2:
+ case 0xF3:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+ {
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // U+100000..U+10FFFF F4 80..8F 80..BF 80..BF
+ case 0xF4:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+ {
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // remaining bytes (80..C1 and F5..FF) are ill-formed
+ default:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ * @brief scan a comment
+ * @return whether comment could be scanned successfully
+ */
+ bool scan_comment()
+ {
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ // single-line comments skip input until a newline or EOF is read
+ case '/':
+ {
+ while (true)
+ {
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '\n':
+ case '\r':
+ case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+ case '\0':
+ return true;
+
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // multi-line comments skip input until */ is read
+ case '*':
+ {
+ while (true)
+ {
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+ case '\0':
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid comment; missing closing '*/'";
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ case '*':
+ {
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '/':
+ return true;
+
+ default:
+ {
+ unget();
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ default:
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // unexpected character after reading '/'
+ default:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid comment; expecting '/' or '*' after '/'";
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ static void strtof(float& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+ {
+ f = std::strtof(str, endptr);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ static void strtof(double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+ {
+ f = std::strtod(str, endptr);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ static void strtof(long double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+ {
+ f = std::strtold(str, endptr);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief scan a number literal
+
+ This function scans a string according to Sect. 6 of RFC 8259.
+
+ The function is realized with a deterministic finite state machine derived
+ from the grammar described in RFC 8259. Starting in state "init", the
+ input is read and used to determined the next state. Only state "done"
+ accepts the number. State "error" is a trap state to model errors. In the
+ table below, "anything" means any character but the ones listed before.
+
+ state | 0 | 1-9 | e E | + | - | . | anything
+ ---------|----------|----------|----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------
+ init | zero | any1 | [error] | [error] | minus | [error] | [error]
+ minus | zero | any1 | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error]
+ zero | done | done | exponent | done | done | decimal1 | done
+ any1 | any1 | any1 | exponent | done | done | decimal1 | done
+ decimal1 | decimal2 | decimal2 | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error]
+ decimal2 | decimal2 | decimal2 | exponent | done | done | done | done
+ exponent | any2 | any2 | [error] | sign | sign | [error] | [error]
+ sign | any2 | any2 | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error]
+ any2 | any2 | any2 | done | done | done | done | done
+
+ The state machine is realized with one label per state (prefixed with
+ "scan_number_") and `goto` statements between them. The state machine
+ contains cycles, but any cycle can be left when EOF is read. Therefore,
+ the function is guaranteed to terminate.
+
+ During scanning, the read bytes are stored in token_buffer. This string is
+ then converted to a signed integer, an unsigned integer, or a
+ floating-point number.
+
+ @return token_type::value_unsigned, token_type::value_integer, or
+ token_type::value_float if number could be successfully scanned,
+ token_type::parse_error otherwise
+
+ @note The scanner is independent of the current locale. Internally, the
+ locale's decimal point is used instead of `.` to work with the
+ locale-dependent converters.
+ */
+ token_type scan_number() // lgtm [cpp/use-of-goto] `goto` is used in this function to implement the number-parsing state machine described above. By design, any finite input will eventually reach the "done" state or return token_type::parse_error. In each intermediate state, 1 byte of the input is appended to the token_buffer vector, and only the already initialized variables token_buffer, number_type, and error_message are manipulated.
+ {
+ // reset token_buffer to store the number's bytes
+ reset();
+
+ // the type of the parsed number; initially set to unsigned; will be
+ // changed if minus sign, decimal point or exponent is read
+ token_type number_type = token_type::value_unsigned;
+
+ // state (init): we just found out we need to scan a number
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ case '-':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_minus;
+ }
+
+ case '0':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_zero;
+ }
+
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_any1;
+ }
+
+ // all other characters are rejected outside scan_number()
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+
+scan_number_minus:
+ // state: we just parsed a leading minus sign
+ number_type = token_type::value_integer;
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '0':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_zero;
+ }
+
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_any1;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '-'";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+
+scan_number_zero:
+ // state: we just parse a zero (maybe with a leading minus sign)
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '.':
+ {
+ add(decimal_point_char);
+ decimal_point_position = token_buffer.size() - 1;
+ goto scan_number_decimal1;
+ }
+
+ case 'e':
+ case 'E':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_exponent;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ goto scan_number_done;
+ }
+
+scan_number_any1:
+ // state: we just parsed a number 0-9 (maybe with a leading minus sign)
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '0':
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_any1;
+ }
+
+ case '.':
+ {
+ add(decimal_point_char);
+ decimal_point_position = token_buffer.size() - 1;
+ goto scan_number_decimal1;
+ }
+
+ case 'e':
+ case 'E':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_exponent;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ goto scan_number_done;
+ }
+
+scan_number_decimal1:
+ // state: we just parsed a decimal point
+ number_type = token_type::value_float;
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '0':
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_decimal2;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '.'";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+
+scan_number_decimal2:
+ // we just parsed at least one number after a decimal point
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '0':
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_decimal2;
+ }
+
+ case 'e':
+ case 'E':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_exponent;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ goto scan_number_done;
+ }
+
+scan_number_exponent:
+ // we just parsed an exponent
+ number_type = token_type::value_float;
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '+':
+ case '-':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_sign;
+ }
+
+ case '0':
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_any2;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ {
+ error_message =
+ "invalid number; expected '+', '-', or digit after exponent";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+
+scan_number_sign:
+ // we just parsed an exponent sign
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '0':
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_any2;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after exponent sign";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+
+scan_number_any2:
+ // we just parsed a number after the exponent or exponent sign
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ case '0':
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ {
+ add(current);
+ goto scan_number_any2;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ goto scan_number_done;
+ }
+
+scan_number_done:
+ // unget the character after the number (we only read it to know that
+ // we are done scanning a number)
+ unget();
+
+ char* endptr = nullptr; // NOLINT(misc-const-correctness,cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+ errno = 0;
+
+ // try to parse integers first and fall back to floats
+ if (number_type == token_type::value_unsigned)
+ {
+ const auto x = std::strtoull(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
+
+ // we checked the number format before
+ JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+
+ if (errno != ERANGE)
+ {
+ value_unsigned = static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(x);
+ if (value_unsigned == x)
+ {
+ return token_type::value_unsigned;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else if (number_type == token_type::value_integer)
+ {
+ const auto x = std::strtoll(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
+
+ // we checked the number format before
+ JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+
+ if (errno != ERANGE)
+ {
+ value_integer = static_cast<number_integer_t>(x);
+ if (value_integer == x)
+ {
+ return token_type::value_integer;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // this code is reached if we parse a floating-point number or if an
+ // integer conversion above failed
+ strtof(value_float, token_buffer.data(), &endptr);
+
+ // we checked the number format before
+ JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+
+ return token_type::value_float;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] literal_text the literal text to expect
+ @param[in] length the length of the passed literal text
+ @param[in] return_type the token type to return on success
+ */
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ token_type scan_literal(const char_type* literal_text, const std::size_t length,
+ token_type return_type)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current) == literal_text[0]);
+ for (std::size_t i = 1; i < length; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(get()) != literal_text[i]))
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid literal";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+ return return_type;
+ }
+
+ /////////////////////
+ // input management
+ /////////////////////
+
+ /// reset token_buffer; current character is beginning of token
+ void reset() noexcept
+ {
+ token_buffer.clear();
+ token_string.clear();
+ decimal_point_position = std::string::npos;
+ token_string.push_back(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
+ }
+
+ /*
+ @brief get next character from the input
+
+ This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
+ not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a
+ `char_traits<char>::eof()` in that case. Stores the scanned characters
+ for use in error messages.
+
+ @return character read from the input
+ */
+ char_int_type get()
+ {
+ ++position.chars_read_total;
+ ++position.chars_read_current_line;
+
+ if (next_unget)
+ {
+ // just reset the next_unget variable and work with current
+ next_unget = false;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ current = ia.get_character();
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+ {
+ token_string.push_back(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
+ }
+
+ if (current == '\n')
+ {
+ ++position.lines_read;
+ position.chars_read_current_line = 0;
+ }
+
+ return current;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief unget current character (read it again on next get)
+
+ We implement unget by setting variable next_unget to true. The input is not
+ changed - we just simulate ungetting by modifying chars_read_total,
+ chars_read_current_line, and token_string. The next call to get() will
+ behave as if the unget character is read again.
+ */
+ void unget()
+ {
+ next_unget = true;
+
+ --position.chars_read_total;
+
+ // in case we "unget" a newline, we have to also decrement the lines_read
+ if (position.chars_read_current_line == 0)
+ {
+ if (position.lines_read > 0)
+ {
+ --position.lines_read;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ --position.chars_read_current_line;
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(!token_string.empty());
+ token_string.pop_back();
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// add a character to token_buffer
+ void add(char_int_type c)
+ {
+ token_buffer.push_back(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(c));
+ }
+
+ public:
+ /////////////////////
+ // value getters
+ /////////////////////
+
+ /// return integer value
+ constexpr number_integer_t get_number_integer() const noexcept
+ {
+ return value_integer;
+ }
+
+ /// return unsigned integer value
+ constexpr number_unsigned_t get_number_unsigned() const noexcept
+ {
+ return value_unsigned;
+ }
+
+ /// return floating-point value
+ constexpr number_float_t get_number_float() const noexcept
+ {
+ return value_float;
+ }
+
+ /// return current string value (implicitly resets the token; useful only once)
+ string_t& get_string()
+ {
+ // translate decimal points from locale back to '.' (#4084)
+ if (decimal_point_char != '.' && decimal_point_position != std::string::npos)
+ {
+ token_buffer[decimal_point_position] = '.';
+ }
+ return token_buffer;
+ }
+
+ /////////////////////
+ // diagnostics
+ /////////////////////
+
+ /// return position of last read token
+ constexpr position_t get_position() const noexcept
+ {
+ return position;
+ }
+
+ /// return the last read token (for errors only). Will never contain EOF
+ /// (an arbitrary value that is not a valid char value, often -1), because
+ /// 255 may legitimately occur. May contain NUL, which should be escaped.
+ std::string get_token_string() const
+ {
+ // escape control characters
+ std::string result;
+ for (const auto c : token_string)
+ {
+ if (static_cast<unsigned char>(c) <= '\x1F')
+ {
+ // escape control characters
+ std::array<char, 9> cs{{}};
+ static_cast<void>((std::snprintf)(cs.data(), cs.size(), "<U+%.4X>", static_cast<unsigned char>(c))); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+ result += cs.data();
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // add character as is
+ result.push_back(static_cast<std::string::value_type>(c));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// return syntax error message
+ JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+ constexpr const char* get_error_message() const noexcept
+ {
+ return error_message;
+ }
+
+ /////////////////////
+ // actual scanner
+ /////////////////////
+
+ /*!
+ @brief skip the UTF-8 byte order mark
+ @return true iff there is no BOM or the correct BOM has been skipped
+ */
+ bool skip_bom()
+ {
+ if (get() == 0xEF)
+ {
+ // check if we completely parse the BOM
+ return get() == 0xBB && get() == 0xBF;
+ }
+
+ // the first character is not the beginning of the BOM; unget it to
+ // process is later
+ unget();
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ void skip_whitespace()
+ {
+ do
+ {
+ get();
+ }
+ while (current == ' ' || current == '\t' || current == '\n' || current == '\r');
+ }
+
+ token_type scan()
+ {
+ // initially, skip the BOM
+ if (position.chars_read_total == 0 && !skip_bom())
+ {
+ error_message = "invalid BOM; must be 0xEF 0xBB 0xBF if given";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ // read next character and ignore whitespace
+ skip_whitespace();
+
+ // ignore comments
+ while (ignore_comments && current == '/')
+ {
+ if (!scan_comment())
+ {
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+
+ // skip following whitespace
+ skip_whitespace();
+ }
+
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ // structural characters
+ case '[':
+ return token_type::begin_array;
+ case ']':
+ return token_type::end_array;
+ case '{':
+ return token_type::begin_object;
+ case '}':
+ return token_type::end_object;
+ case ':':
+ return token_type::name_separator;
+ case ',':
+ return token_type::value_separator;
+
+ // literals
+ case 't':
+ {
+ std::array<char_type, 4> true_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('t'), static_cast<char_type>('r'), static_cast<char_type>('u'), static_cast<char_type>('e')}};
+ return scan_literal(true_literal.data(), true_literal.size(), token_type::literal_true);
+ }
+ case 'f':
+ {
+ std::array<char_type, 5> false_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('f'), static_cast<char_type>('a'), static_cast<char_type>('l'), static_cast<char_type>('s'), static_cast<char_type>('e')}};
+ return scan_literal(false_literal.data(), false_literal.size(), token_type::literal_false);
+ }
+ case 'n':
+ {
+ std::array<char_type, 4> null_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('n'), static_cast<char_type>('u'), static_cast<char_type>('l'), static_cast<char_type>('l')}};
+ return scan_literal(null_literal.data(), null_literal.size(), token_type::literal_null);
+ }
+
+ // string
+ case '\"':
+ return scan_string();
+
+ // number
+ case '-':
+ case '0':
+ case '1':
+ case '2':
+ case '3':
+ case '4':
+ case '5':
+ case '6':
+ case '7':
+ case '8':
+ case '9':
+ return scan_number();
+
+ // end of input (the null byte is needed when parsing from
+ // string literals)
+ case '\0':
+ case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+ return token_type::end_of_input;
+
+ // error
+ default:
+ error_message = "invalid literal";
+ return token_type::parse_error;
+ }
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /// input adapter
+ InputAdapterType ia;
+
+ /// whether comments should be ignored (true) or signaled as errors (false)
+ const bool ignore_comments = false;
+
+ /// the current character
+ char_int_type current = char_traits<char_type>::eof();
+
+ /// whether the next get() call should just return current
+ bool next_unget = false;
+
+ /// the start position of the current token
+ position_t position {};
+
+ /// raw input token string (for error messages)
+ std::vector<char_type> token_string {};
+
+ /// buffer for variable-length tokens (numbers, strings)
+ string_t token_buffer {};
+
+ /// a description of occurred lexer errors
+ const char* error_message = "";
+
+ // number values
+ number_integer_t value_integer = 0;
+ number_unsigned_t value_unsigned = 0;
+ number_float_t value_float = 0;
+
+ /// the decimal point
+ const char_int_type decimal_point_char = '.';
+ /// the position of the decimal point in the input
+ std::size_t decimal_point_position = std::string::npos;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/*!
+@brief SAX interface
+
+This class describes the SAX interface used by @ref nlohmann::json::sax_parse.
+Each function is called in different situations while the input is parsed. The
+boolean return value informs the parser whether to continue processing the
+input.
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+struct json_sax
+{
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief a null value was read
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ */
+ virtual bool null() = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief a boolean value was read
+ @param[in] val boolean value
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ */
+ virtual bool boolean(bool val) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief an integer number was read
+ @param[in] val integer value
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ */
+ virtual bool number_integer(number_integer_t val) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief an unsigned integer number was read
+ @param[in] val unsigned integer value
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ */
+ virtual bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief a floating-point number was read
+ @param[in] val floating-point value
+ @param[in] s raw token value
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ */
+ virtual bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& s) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief a string value was read
+ @param[in] val string value
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ @note It is safe to move the passed string value.
+ */
+ virtual bool string(string_t& val) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief a binary value was read
+ @param[in] val binary value
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ @note It is safe to move the passed binary value.
+ */
+ virtual bool binary(binary_t& val) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief the beginning of an object was read
+ @param[in] elements number of object elements or -1 if unknown
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ @note binary formats may report the number of elements
+ */
+ virtual bool start_object(std::size_t elements) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief an object key was read
+ @param[in] val object key
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ @note It is safe to move the passed string.
+ */
+ virtual bool key(string_t& val) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief the end of an object was read
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ */
+ virtual bool end_object() = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief the beginning of an array was read
+ @param[in] elements number of array elements or -1 if unknown
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ @note binary formats may report the number of elements
+ */
+ virtual bool start_array(std::size_t elements) = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief the end of an array was read
+ @return whether parsing should proceed
+ */
+ virtual bool end_array() = 0;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief a parse error occurred
+ @param[in] position the position in the input where the error occurs
+ @param[in] last_token the last read token
+ @param[in] ex an exception object describing the error
+ @return whether parsing should proceed (must return false)
+ */
+ virtual bool parse_error(std::size_t position,
+ const std::string& last_token,
+ const detail::exception& ex) = 0;
+
+ json_sax() = default;
+ json_sax(const json_sax&) = default;
+ json_sax(json_sax&&) noexcept = default;
+ json_sax& operator=(const json_sax&) = default;
+ json_sax& operator=(json_sax&&) noexcept = default;
+ virtual ~json_sax() = default;
+};
+
+namespace detail
+{
+constexpr std::size_t unknown_size()
+{
+ return (std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max)();
+}
+
+/*!
+@brief SAX implementation to create a JSON value from SAX events
+
+This class implements the @ref json_sax interface and processes the SAX events
+to create a JSON value which makes it basically a DOM parser. The structure or
+hierarchy of the JSON value is managed by the stack `ref_stack` which contains
+a pointer to the respective array or object for each recursion depth.
+
+After successful parsing, the value that is passed by reference to the
+constructor contains the parsed value.
+
+@tparam BasicJsonType the JSON type
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class json_sax_dom_parser
+{
+ public:
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+ using lexer_t = lexer<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType>;
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in,out] r reference to a JSON value that is manipulated while
+ parsing
+ @param[in] allow_exceptions_ whether parse errors yield exceptions
+ */
+ explicit json_sax_dom_parser(BasicJsonType& r, const bool allow_exceptions_ = true, lexer_t* lexer_ = nullptr)
+ : root(r), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_), m_lexer_ref(lexer_)
+ {}
+
+ // make class move-only
+ json_sax_dom_parser(const json_sax_dom_parser&) = delete;
+ json_sax_dom_parser(json_sax_dom_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+ json_sax_dom_parser& operator=(const json_sax_dom_parser&) = delete;
+ json_sax_dom_parser& operator=(json_sax_dom_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+ ~json_sax_dom_parser() = default;
+
+ bool null()
+ {
+ handle_value(nullptr);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool boolean(bool val)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_integer(number_integer_t val)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& /*unused*/)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool string(string_t& val)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool binary(binary_t& val)
+ {
+ handle_value(std::move(val));
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool start_object(std::size_t len)
+ {
+ ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object));
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ // Manually set the start position of the object here.
+ // Ensure this is after the call to handle_value to ensure correct start position.
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer has read the first character of the object, so
+ // subtract 1 from the position to get the correct start position.
+ ref_stack.back()->start_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position() - 1;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != detail::unknown_size() && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive object size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool key(string_t& val)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+ JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+ // add null at given key and store the reference for later
+ object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.object->operator[](val));
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool end_object()
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+ JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer's position is past the closing brace, so set that as the end position.
+ ref_stack.back()->end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+ }
+#endif
+
+ ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+ ref_stack.pop_back();
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool start_array(std::size_t len)
+ {
+ ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array));
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ // Manually set the start position of the array here.
+ // Ensure this is after the call to handle_value to ensure correct start position.
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ ref_stack.back()->start_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position() - 1;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != detail::unknown_size() && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive array size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool end_array()
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+ JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array());
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer's position is past the closing bracket, so set that as the end position.
+ ref_stack.back()->end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+ }
+#endif
+
+ ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+ ref_stack.pop_back();
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ template<class Exception>
+ bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
+ const Exception& ex)
+ {
+ errored = true;
+ static_cast<void>(ex);
+ if (allow_exceptions)
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(ex);
+ }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ constexpr bool is_errored() const
+ {
+ return errored;
+ }
+
+ private:
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ void handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(BasicJsonType& v)
+ {
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer has read past the current field value, so set the end position to the current position.
+ // The start position will be set below based on the length of the string representation
+ // of the value.
+ v.end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+
+ switch (v.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ // 4 and 5 are the string length of "true" and "false"
+ v.start_position = v.end_position - (v.m_data.m_value.boolean ? 4 : 5);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ // 4 is the string length of "null"
+ v.start_position = v.end_position - 4;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ // include the length of the quotes, which is 2
+ v.start_position = v.end_position - v.m_data.m_value.string->size() - 2;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // As we handle the start and end positions for values created during parsing,
+ // we do not expect the following value type to be called. Regardless, set the positions
+ // in case this is created manually or through a different constructor. Exclude from lcov
+ // since the exact condition of this switch is esoteric.
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ {
+ v.end_position = std::string::npos;
+ v.start_position = v.end_position;
+ break;
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ v.start_position = v.end_position - m_lexer_ref->get_string().size();
+ break;
+ }
+ case value_t::object:
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ // object and array are handled in start_object() and start_array() handlers
+ // skip setting the values here.
+ break;
+ }
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ // Handle all possible types discretely, default handler should never be reached.
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert,-warnings-as-errors) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /*!
+ @invariant If the ref stack is empty, then the passed value will be the new
+ root.
+ @invariant If the ref stack contains a value, then it is an array or an
+ object to which we can add elements
+ */
+ template<typename Value>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+ BasicJsonType* handle_value(Value&& v)
+ {
+ if (ref_stack.empty())
+ {
+ root = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(root);
+#endif
+
+ return &root;
+ }
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+ if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+ {
+ ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::forward<Value>(v));
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back());
+#endif
+
+ return &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back());
+ }
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+ JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
+ *object_element = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(*object_element);
+#endif
+
+ return object_element;
+ }
+
+ /// the parsed JSON value
+ BasicJsonType& root;
+ /// stack to model hierarchy of values
+ std::vector<BasicJsonType*> ref_stack {};
+ /// helper to hold the reference for the next object element
+ BasicJsonType* object_element = nullptr;
+ /// whether a syntax error occurred
+ bool errored = false;
+ /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+ /// the lexer reference to obtain the current position
+ lexer_t* m_lexer_ref = nullptr;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
+{
+ public:
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+ using parser_callback_t = typename BasicJsonType::parser_callback_t;
+ using parse_event_t = typename BasicJsonType::parse_event_t;
+ using lexer_t = lexer<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType>;
+
+ json_sax_dom_callback_parser(BasicJsonType& r,
+ parser_callback_t cb,
+ const bool allow_exceptions_ = true,
+ lexer_t* lexer_ = nullptr)
+ : root(r), callback(std::move(cb)), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_), m_lexer_ref(lexer_)
+ {
+ keep_stack.push_back(true);
+ }
+
+ // make class move-only
+ json_sax_dom_callback_parser(const json_sax_dom_callback_parser&) = delete;
+ json_sax_dom_callback_parser(json_sax_dom_callback_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+ json_sax_dom_callback_parser& operator=(const json_sax_dom_callback_parser&) = delete;
+ json_sax_dom_callback_parser& operator=(json_sax_dom_callback_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+ ~json_sax_dom_callback_parser() = default;
+
+ bool null()
+ {
+ handle_value(nullptr);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool boolean(bool val)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_integer(number_integer_t val)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& /*unused*/)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool string(string_t& val)
+ {
+ handle_value(val);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool binary(binary_t& val)
+ {
+ handle_value(std::move(val));
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool start_object(std::size_t len)
+ {
+ // check callback for object start
+ const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::object_start, discarded);
+ keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+
+ auto val = handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object, true);
+ ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
+
+ if (ref_stack.back())
+ {
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ // Manually set the start position of the object here.
+ // Ensure this is after the call to handle_value to ensure correct start position.
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer has read the first character of the object, so
+ // subtract 1 from the position to get the correct start position.
+ ref_stack.back()->start_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position() - 1;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ // check object limit
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != detail::unknown_size() && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive object size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+ }
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool key(string_t& val)
+ {
+ BasicJsonType k = BasicJsonType(val);
+
+ // check callback for key
+ const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::key, k);
+ key_keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+
+ // add discarded value at given key and store the reference for later
+ if (keep && ref_stack.back())
+ {
+ object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.object->operator[](val) = discarded);
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool end_object()
+ {
+ if (ref_stack.back())
+ {
+ if (!callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::object_end, *ref_stack.back()))
+ {
+ // discard object
+ *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ // Set start/end positions for discarded object.
+ handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(*ref_stack.back());
+#endif
+ }
+ else
+ {
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer's position is past the closing brace, so set that as the end position.
+ ref_stack.back()->end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+ }
+#endif
+
+ ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+ JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+ ref_stack.pop_back();
+ keep_stack.pop_back();
+
+ if (!ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back() && ref_stack.back()->is_structured())
+ {
+ // remove discarded value
+ for (auto it = ref_stack.back()->begin(); it != ref_stack.back()->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (it->is_discarded())
+ {
+ ref_stack.back()->erase(it);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool start_array(std::size_t len)
+ {
+ const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::array_start, discarded);
+ keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+
+ auto val = handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array, true);
+ ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
+
+ if (ref_stack.back())
+ {
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ // Manually set the start position of the array here.
+ // Ensure this is after the call to handle_value to ensure correct start position.
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer has read the first character of the array, so
+ // subtract 1 from the position to get the correct start position.
+ ref_stack.back()->start_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position() - 1;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ // check array limit
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != detail::unknown_size() && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive array size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool end_array()
+ {
+ bool keep = true;
+
+ if (ref_stack.back())
+ {
+ keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::array_end, *ref_stack.back());
+ if (keep)
+ {
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer's position is past the closing bracket, so set that as the end position.
+ ref_stack.back()->end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+ }
+#endif
+
+ ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // discard array
+ *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ // Set start/end positions for discarded array.
+ handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(*ref_stack.back());
+#endif
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+ JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+ ref_stack.pop_back();
+ keep_stack.pop_back();
+
+ // remove discarded value
+ if (!keep && !ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+ {
+ ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->pop_back();
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ template<class Exception>
+ bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
+ const Exception& ex)
+ {
+ errored = true;
+ static_cast<void>(ex);
+ if (allow_exceptions)
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(ex);
+ }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ constexpr bool is_errored() const
+ {
+ return errored;
+ }
+
+ private:
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ void handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(BasicJsonType& v)
+ {
+ if (m_lexer_ref)
+ {
+ // Lexer has read past the current field value, so set the end position to the current position.
+ // The start position will be set below based on the length of the string representation
+ // of the value.
+ v.end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+
+ switch (v.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ // 4 and 5 are the string length of "true" and "false"
+ v.start_position = v.end_position - (v.m_data.m_value.boolean ? 4 : 5);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ // 4 is the string length of "null"
+ v.start_position = v.end_position - 4;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ // include the length of the quotes, which is 2
+ v.start_position = v.end_position - v.m_data.m_value.string->size() - 2;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ {
+ v.end_position = std::string::npos;
+ v.start_position = v.end_position;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ v.start_position = v.end_position - m_lexer_ref->get_string().size();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ // object and array are handled in start_object() and start_array() handlers
+ // skip setting the values here.
+ break;
+ }
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ // Handle all possible types discretely, default handler should never be reached.
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert,-warnings-as-errors) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] v value to add to the JSON value we build during parsing
+ @param[in] skip_callback whether we should skip calling the callback
+ function; this is required after start_array() and
+ start_object() SAX events, because otherwise we would call the
+ callback function with an empty array or object, respectively.
+
+ @invariant If the ref stack is empty, then the passed value will be the new
+ root.
+ @invariant If the ref stack contains a value, then it is an array or an
+ object to which we can add elements
+
+ @return pair of boolean (whether value should be kept) and pointer (to the
+ passed value in the ref_stack hierarchy; nullptr if not kept)
+ */
+ template<typename Value>
+ std::pair<bool, BasicJsonType*> handle_value(Value&& v, const bool skip_callback = false)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+
+ // do not handle this value if we know it would be added to a discarded
+ // container
+ if (!keep_stack.back())
+ {
+ return {false, nullptr};
+ }
+
+ // create value
+ auto value = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(value);
+#endif
+
+ // check callback
+ const bool keep = skip_callback || callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::value, value);
+
+ // do not handle this value if we just learnt it shall be discarded
+ if (!keep)
+ {
+ return {false, nullptr};
+ }
+
+ if (ref_stack.empty())
+ {
+ root = std::move(value);
+ return {true, & root};
+ }
+
+ // skip this value if we already decided to skip the parent
+ // (https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/971#issuecomment-413678360)
+ if (!ref_stack.back())
+ {
+ return {false, nullptr};
+ }
+
+ // we now only expect arrays and objects
+ JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+ // array
+ if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+ {
+ ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::move(value));
+ return {true, & (ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back())};
+ }
+
+ // object
+ JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+ // check if we should store an element for the current key
+ JSON_ASSERT(!key_keep_stack.empty());
+ const bool store_element = key_keep_stack.back();
+ key_keep_stack.pop_back();
+
+ if (!store_element)
+ {
+ return {false, nullptr};
+ }
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
+ *object_element = std::move(value);
+ return {true, object_element};
+ }
+
+ /// the parsed JSON value
+ BasicJsonType& root;
+ /// stack to model hierarchy of values
+ std::vector<BasicJsonType*> ref_stack {};
+ /// stack to manage which values to keep
+ std::vector<bool> keep_stack {}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+ /// stack to manage which object keys to keep
+ std::vector<bool> key_keep_stack {}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+ /// helper to hold the reference for the next object element
+ BasicJsonType* object_element = nullptr;
+ /// whether a syntax error occurred
+ bool errored = false;
+ /// callback function
+ const parser_callback_t callback = nullptr;
+ /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+ /// a discarded value for the callback
+ BasicJsonType discarded = BasicJsonType::value_t::discarded;
+ /// the lexer reference to obtain the current position
+ lexer_t* m_lexer_ref = nullptr;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class json_sax_acceptor
+{
+ public:
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+
+ bool null()
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool boolean(bool /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_integer(number_integer_t /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool number_float(number_float_t /*unused*/, const string_t& /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool string(string_t& /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool binary(binary_t& /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool start_object(std::size_t /*unused*/ = detail::unknown_size())
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool key(string_t& /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool end_object()
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool start_array(std::size_t /*unused*/ = detail::unknown_size())
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool end_array()
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/, const detail::exception& /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/is_sax.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstdint> // size_t
+#include <utility> // declval
+#include <string> // string
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/detected.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+using null_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().null());
+
+template<typename T>
+using boolean_function_t =
+ decltype(std::declval<T&>().boolean(std::declval<bool>()));
+
+template<typename T, typename Integer>
+using number_integer_function_t =
+ decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_integer(std::declval<Integer>()));
+
+template<typename T, typename Unsigned>
+using number_unsigned_function_t =
+ decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_unsigned(std::declval<Unsigned>()));
+
+template<typename T, typename Float, typename String>
+using number_float_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_float(
+ std::declval<Float>(), std::declval<const String&>()));
+
+template<typename T, typename String>
+using string_function_t =
+ decltype(std::declval<T&>().string(std::declval<String&>()));
+
+template<typename T, typename Binary>
+using binary_function_t =
+ decltype(std::declval<T&>().binary(std::declval<Binary&>()));
+
+template<typename T>
+using start_object_function_t =
+ decltype(std::declval<T&>().start_object(std::declval<std::size_t>()));
+
+template<typename T, typename String>
+using key_function_t =
+ decltype(std::declval<T&>().key(std::declval<String&>()));
+
+template<typename T>
+using end_object_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().end_object());
+
+template<typename T>
+using start_array_function_t =
+ decltype(std::declval<T&>().start_array(std::declval<std::size_t>()));
+
+template<typename T>
+using end_array_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().end_array());
+
+template<typename T, typename Exception>
+using parse_error_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().parse_error(
+ std::declval<std::size_t>(), std::declval<const std::string&>(),
+ std::declval<const Exception&>()));
+
+template<typename SAX, typename BasicJsonType>
+struct is_sax
+{
+ private:
+ static_assert(is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value,
+ "BasicJsonType must be of type basic_json<...>");
+
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+ using exception_t = typename BasicJsonType::exception;
+
+ public:
+ static constexpr bool value =
+ is_detected_exact<bool, null_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, number_integer_function_t, SAX, number_integer_t>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, number_unsigned_function_t, SAX, number_unsigned_t>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, number_float_function_t, SAX, number_float_t, string_t>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, string_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, binary_function_t, SAX, binary_t>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, start_object_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, key_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, end_object_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, start_array_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, end_array_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+ is_detected_exact<bool, parse_error_function_t, SAX, exception_t>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename SAX, typename BasicJsonType>
+struct is_sax_static_asserts
+{
+ private:
+ static_assert(is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value,
+ "BasicJsonType must be of type basic_json<...>");
+
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+ using exception_t = typename BasicJsonType::exception;
+
+ public:
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, null_function_t, SAX>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool null()");
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool boolean(bool)");
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool boolean(bool)");
+ static_assert(
+ is_detected_exact<bool, number_integer_function_t, SAX,
+ number_integer_t>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool number_integer(number_integer_t)");
+ static_assert(
+ is_detected_exact<bool, number_unsigned_function_t, SAX,
+ number_unsigned_t>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t)");
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, number_float_function_t, SAX,
+ number_float_t, string_t>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool number_float(number_float_t, const string_t&)");
+ static_assert(
+ is_detected_exact<bool, string_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool string(string_t&)");
+ static_assert(
+ is_detected_exact<bool, binary_function_t, SAX, binary_t>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool binary(binary_t&)");
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, start_object_function_t, SAX>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool start_object(std::size_t)");
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, key_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool key(string_t&)");
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, end_object_function_t, SAX>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool end_object()");
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, start_array_function_t, SAX>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool start_array(std::size_t)");
+ static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, end_array_function_t, SAX>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool end_array()");
+ static_assert(
+ is_detected_exact<bool, parse_error_function_t, SAX, exception_t>::value,
+ "Missing/invalid function: bool parse_error(std::size_t, const "
+ "std::string&, const exception&)");
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/// how to treat CBOR tags
+enum class cbor_tag_handler_t
+{
+ error, ///< throw a parse_error exception in case of a tag
+ ignore, ///< ignore tags
+ store ///< store tags as binary type
+};
+
+/*!
+@brief determine system byte order
+
+@return true if and only if system's byte order is little endian
+
+@note from https://stackoverflow.com/a/1001328/266378
+*/
+static inline bool little_endianness(int num = 1) noexcept
+{
+ return *reinterpret_cast<char*>(&num) == 1;
+}
+
+///////////////////
+// binary reader //
+///////////////////
+
+/*!
+@brief deserialization of CBOR, MessagePack, and UBJSON values
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType, typename SAX = json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType>>
+class binary_reader
+{
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+ using json_sax_t = SAX;
+ using char_type = typename InputAdapterType::char_type;
+ using char_int_type = typename char_traits<char_type>::int_type;
+
+ public:
+ /*!
+ @brief create a binary reader
+
+ @param[in] adapter input adapter to read from
+ */
+ explicit binary_reader(InputAdapterType&& adapter, const input_format_t format = input_format_t::json) noexcept : ia(std::move(adapter)), input_format(format)
+ {
+ (void)detail::is_sax_static_asserts<SAX, BasicJsonType> {};
+ }
+
+ // make class move-only
+ binary_reader(const binary_reader&) = delete;
+ binary_reader(binary_reader&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+ binary_reader& operator=(const binary_reader&) = delete;
+ binary_reader& operator=(binary_reader&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+ ~binary_reader() = default;
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] format the binary format to parse
+ @param[in] sax_ a SAX event processor
+ @param[in] strict whether to expect the input to be consumed completed
+ @param[in] tag_handler how to treat CBOR tags
+
+ @return whether parsing was successful
+ */
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+ bool sax_parse(const input_format_t format,
+ json_sax_t* sax_,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
+ {
+ sax = sax_;
+ bool result = false;
+
+ switch (format)
+ {
+ case input_format_t::bson:
+ result = parse_bson_internal();
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::cbor:
+ result = parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler);
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::msgpack:
+ result = parse_msgpack_internal();
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::ubjson:
+ case input_format_t::bjdata:
+ result = parse_ubjson_internal();
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::json: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+
+ // strict mode: next byte must be EOF
+ if (result && strict)
+ {
+ if (input_format == input_format_t::ubjson || input_format == input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ get_ignore_noop();
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ get();
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current != char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(110, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, concat("expected end of input; last byte: 0x", get_token_string()), "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ //////////
+ // BSON //
+ //////////
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Reads in a BSON-object and passes it to the SAX-parser.
+ @return whether a valid BSON-value was passed to the SAX parser
+ */
+ bool parse_bson_internal()
+ {
+ std::int32_t document_size{};
+ get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, document_size);
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(detail::unknown_size())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_bson_element_list(/*is_array*/false)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return sax->end_object();
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Parses a C-style string from the BSON input.
+ @param[in,out] result A reference to the string variable where the read
+ string is to be stored.
+ @return `true` if the \x00-byte indicating the end of the string was
+ encountered before the EOF; false` indicates an unexpected EOF.
+ */
+ bool get_bson_cstr(string_t& result)
+ {
+ auto out = std::back_inserter(result);
+ while (true)
+ {
+ get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::bson, "cstring")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (current == 0x00)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+ *out++ = static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(current);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Parses a zero-terminated string of length @a len from the BSON
+ input.
+ @param[in] len The length (including the zero-byte at the end) of the
+ string to be read.
+ @param[in,out] result A reference to the string variable where the read
+ string is to be stored.
+ @tparam NumberType The type of the length @a len
+ @pre len >= 1
+ @return `true` if the string was successfully parsed
+ */
+ template<typename NumberType>
+ bool get_bson_string(const NumberType len, string_t& result)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len < 1))
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format_t::bson, concat("string length must be at least 1, is ", std::to_string(len)), "string"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ return get_string(input_format_t::bson, len - static_cast<NumberType>(1), result) && get() != char_traits<char_type>::eof();
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Parses a byte array input of length @a len from the BSON input.
+ @param[in] len The length of the byte array to be read.
+ @param[in,out] result A reference to the binary variable where the read
+ array is to be stored.
+ @tparam NumberType The type of the length @a len
+ @pre len >= 0
+ @return `true` if the byte array was successfully parsed
+ */
+ template<typename NumberType>
+ bool get_bson_binary(const NumberType len, binary_t& result)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len < 0))
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format_t::bson, concat("byte array length cannot be negative, is ", std::to_string(len)), "binary"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // All BSON binary values have a subtype
+ std::uint8_t subtype{};
+ get_number<std::uint8_t>(input_format_t::bson, subtype);
+ result.set_subtype(subtype);
+
+ return get_binary(input_format_t::bson, len, result);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Read a BSON document element of the given @a element_type.
+ @param[in] element_type The BSON element type, c.f. http://bsonspec.org/spec.html
+ @param[in] element_type_parse_position The position in the input stream,
+ where the `element_type` was read.
+ @warning Not all BSON element types are supported yet. An unsupported
+ @a element_type will give rise to a parse_error.114:
+ Unsupported BSON record type 0x...
+ @return whether a valid BSON-object/array was passed to the SAX parser
+ */
+ bool parse_bson_element_internal(const char_int_type element_type,
+ const std::size_t element_type_parse_position)
+ {
+ switch (element_type)
+ {
+ case 0x01: // double
+ {
+ double number{};
+ return get_number<double, true>(input_format_t::bson, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+ }
+
+ case 0x02: // string
+ {
+ std::int32_t len{};
+ string_t value;
+ return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, len) && get_bson_string(len, value) && sax->string(value);
+ }
+
+ case 0x03: // object
+ {
+ return parse_bson_internal();
+ }
+
+ case 0x04: // array
+ {
+ return parse_bson_array();
+ }
+
+ case 0x05: // binary
+ {
+ std::int32_t len{};
+ binary_t value;
+ return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, len) && get_bson_binary(len, value) && sax->binary(value);
+ }
+
+ case 0x08: // boolean
+ {
+ return sax->boolean(get() != 0);
+ }
+
+ case 0x0A: // null
+ {
+ return sax->null();
+ }
+
+ case 0x10: // int32
+ {
+ std::int32_t value{};
+ return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) && sax->number_integer(value);
+ }
+
+ case 0x12: // int64
+ {
+ std::int64_t value{};
+ return get_number<std::int64_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) && sax->number_integer(value);
+ }
+
+ case 0x11: // uint64
+ {
+ std::uint64_t value{};
+ return get_number<std::uint64_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) && sax->number_unsigned(value);
+ }
+
+ default: // anything else not supported (yet)
+ {
+ std::array<char, 3> cr{{}};
+ static_cast<void>((std::snprintf)(cr.data(), cr.size(), "%.2hhX", static_cast<unsigned char>(element_type))); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+ const std::string cr_str{cr.data()};
+ return sax->parse_error(element_type_parse_position, cr_str,
+ parse_error::create(114, element_type_parse_position, concat("Unsupported BSON record type 0x", cr_str), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Read a BSON element list (as specified in the BSON-spec)
+
+ The same binary layout is used for objects and arrays, hence it must be
+ indicated with the argument @a is_array which one is expected
+ (true --> array, false --> object).
+
+ @param[in] is_array Determines if the element list being read is to be
+ treated as an object (@a is_array == false), or as an
+ array (@a is_array == true).
+ @return whether a valid BSON-object/array was passed to the SAX parser
+ */
+ bool parse_bson_element_list(const bool is_array)
+ {
+ string_t key;
+
+ while (auto element_type = get())
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::bson, "element list")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ const std::size_t element_type_parse_position = chars_read;
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_bson_cstr(key)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (!is_array && !sax->key(key))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_bson_element_internal(element_type, element_type_parse_position)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // get_bson_cstr only appends
+ key.clear();
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Reads an array from the BSON input and passes it to the SAX-parser.
+ @return whether a valid BSON-array was passed to the SAX parser
+ */
+ bool parse_bson_array()
+ {
+ std::int32_t document_size{};
+ get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, document_size);
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(detail::unknown_size())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_bson_element_list(/*is_array*/true)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return sax->end_array();
+ }
+
+ //////////
+ // CBOR //
+ //////////
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] get_char whether a new character should be retrieved from the
+ input (true) or whether the last read character should
+ be considered instead (false)
+ @param[in] tag_handler how CBOR tags should be treated
+
+ @return whether a valid CBOR value was passed to the SAX parser
+ */
+ bool parse_cbor_internal(const bool get_char,
+ const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler)
+ {
+ switch (get_char ? get() : current)
+ {
+ // EOF
+ case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+ return unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "value");
+
+ // Integer 0x00..0x17 (0..23)
+ case 0x00:
+ case 0x01:
+ case 0x02:
+ case 0x03:
+ case 0x04:
+ case 0x05:
+ case 0x06:
+ case 0x07:
+ case 0x08:
+ case 0x09:
+ case 0x0A:
+ case 0x0B:
+ case 0x0C:
+ case 0x0D:
+ case 0x0E:
+ case 0x0F:
+ case 0x10:
+ case 0x11:
+ case 0x12:
+ case 0x13:
+ case 0x14:
+ case 0x15:
+ case 0x16:
+ case 0x17:
+ return sax->number_unsigned(static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(current));
+
+ case 0x18: // Unsigned integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
+ {
+ std::uint8_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0x19: // Unsigned integer (two-byte uint16_t follows)
+ {
+ std::uint16_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0x1A: // Unsigned integer (four-byte uint32_t follows)
+ {
+ std::uint32_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0x1B: // Unsigned integer (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
+ {
+ std::uint64_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ // Negative integer -1-0x00..-1-0x17 (-1..-24)
+ case 0x20:
+ case 0x21:
+ case 0x22:
+ case 0x23:
+ case 0x24:
+ case 0x25:
+ case 0x26:
+ case 0x27:
+ case 0x28:
+ case 0x29:
+ case 0x2A:
+ case 0x2B:
+ case 0x2C:
+ case 0x2D:
+ case 0x2E:
+ case 0x2F:
+ case 0x30:
+ case 0x31:
+ case 0x32:
+ case 0x33:
+ case 0x34:
+ case 0x35:
+ case 0x36:
+ case 0x37:
+ return sax->number_integer(static_cast<std::int8_t>(0x20 - 1 - current));
+
+ case 0x38: // Negative integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
+ {
+ std::uint8_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
+ }
+
+ case 0x39: // Negative integer -1-n (two-byte uint16_t follows)
+ {
+ std::uint16_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
+ }
+
+ case 0x3A: // Negative integer -1-n (four-byte uint32_t follows)
+ {
+ std::uint32_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
+ }
+
+ case 0x3B: // Negative integer -1-n (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
+ {
+ std::uint64_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1)
+ - static_cast<number_integer_t>(number));
+ }
+
+ // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
+ case 0x40:
+ case 0x41:
+ case 0x42:
+ case 0x43:
+ case 0x44:
+ case 0x45:
+ case 0x46:
+ case 0x47:
+ case 0x48:
+ case 0x49:
+ case 0x4A:
+ case 0x4B:
+ case 0x4C:
+ case 0x4D:
+ case 0x4E:
+ case 0x4F:
+ case 0x50:
+ case 0x51:
+ case 0x52:
+ case 0x53:
+ case 0x54:
+ case 0x55:
+ case 0x56:
+ case 0x57:
+ case 0x58: // Binary data (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+ case 0x59: // Binary data (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+ case 0x5A: // Binary data (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+ case 0x5B: // Binary data (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+ case 0x5F: // Binary data (indefinite length)
+ {
+ binary_t b;
+ return get_cbor_binary(b) && sax->binary(b);
+ }
+
+ // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
+ case 0x60:
+ case 0x61:
+ case 0x62:
+ case 0x63:
+ case 0x64:
+ case 0x65:
+ case 0x66:
+ case 0x67:
+ case 0x68:
+ case 0x69:
+ case 0x6A:
+ case 0x6B:
+ case 0x6C:
+ case 0x6D:
+ case 0x6E:
+ case 0x6F:
+ case 0x70:
+ case 0x71:
+ case 0x72:
+ case 0x73:
+ case 0x74:
+ case 0x75:
+ case 0x76:
+ case 0x77:
+ case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+ case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+ case 0x7A: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+ case 0x7B: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+ case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
+ {
+ string_t s;
+ return get_cbor_string(s) && sax->string(s);
+ }
+
+ // array (0x00..0x17 data items follow)
+ case 0x80:
+ case 0x81:
+ case 0x82:
+ case 0x83:
+ case 0x84:
+ case 0x85:
+ case 0x86:
+ case 0x87:
+ case 0x88:
+ case 0x89:
+ case 0x8A:
+ case 0x8B:
+ case 0x8C:
+ case 0x8D:
+ case 0x8E:
+ case 0x8F:
+ case 0x90:
+ case 0x91:
+ case 0x92:
+ case 0x93:
+ case 0x94:
+ case 0x95:
+ case 0x96:
+ case 0x97:
+ return get_cbor_array(
+ conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu), tag_handler);
+
+ case 0x98: // array (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+ {
+ std::uint8_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case 0x99: // array (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case 0x9A: // array (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_array(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case 0x9B: // array (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint64_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_array(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case 0x9F: // array (indefinite length)
+ return get_cbor_array(detail::unknown_size(), tag_handler);
+
+ // map (0x00..0x17 pairs of data items follow)
+ case 0xA0:
+ case 0xA1:
+ case 0xA2:
+ case 0xA3:
+ case 0xA4:
+ case 0xA5:
+ case 0xA6:
+ case 0xA7:
+ case 0xA8:
+ case 0xA9:
+ case 0xAA:
+ case 0xAB:
+ case 0xAC:
+ case 0xAD:
+ case 0xAE:
+ case 0xAF:
+ case 0xB0:
+ case 0xB1:
+ case 0xB2:
+ case 0xB3:
+ case 0xB4:
+ case 0xB5:
+ case 0xB6:
+ case 0xB7:
+ return get_cbor_object(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu), tag_handler);
+
+ case 0xB8: // map (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+ {
+ std::uint8_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case 0xB9: // map (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case 0xBA: // map (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_object(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case 0xBB: // map (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint64_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_object(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case 0xBF: // map (indefinite length)
+ return get_cbor_object(detail::unknown_size(), tag_handler);
+
+ case 0xC6: // tagged item
+ case 0xC7:
+ case 0xC8:
+ case 0xC9:
+ case 0xCA:
+ case 0xCB:
+ case 0xCC:
+ case 0xCD:
+ case 0xCE:
+ case 0xCF:
+ case 0xD0:
+ case 0xD1:
+ case 0xD2:
+ case 0xD3:
+ case 0xD4:
+ case 0xD8: // tagged item (1 bytes follow)
+ case 0xD9: // tagged item (2 bytes follow)
+ case 0xDA: // tagged item (4 bytes follow)
+ case 0xDB: // tagged item (8 bytes follow)
+ {
+ switch (tag_handler)
+ {
+ case cbor_tag_handler_t::error:
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, concat("invalid byte: 0x", last_token), "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ case cbor_tag_handler_t::ignore:
+ {
+ // ignore binary subtype
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ case 0xD8:
+ {
+ std::uint8_t subtype_to_ignore{};
+ get_number(input_format_t::cbor, subtype_to_ignore);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 0xD9:
+ {
+ std::uint16_t subtype_to_ignore{};
+ get_number(input_format_t::cbor, subtype_to_ignore);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 0xDA:
+ {
+ std::uint32_t subtype_to_ignore{};
+ get_number(input_format_t::cbor, subtype_to_ignore);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 0xDB:
+ {
+ std::uint64_t subtype_to_ignore{};
+ get_number(input_format_t::cbor, subtype_to_ignore);
+ break;
+ }
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ return parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ case cbor_tag_handler_t::store:
+ {
+ binary_t b;
+ // use binary subtype and store in binary container
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ case 0xD8:
+ {
+ std::uint8_t subtype{};
+ get_number(input_format_t::cbor, subtype);
+ b.set_subtype(detail::conditional_static_cast<typename binary_t::subtype_type>(subtype));
+ break;
+ }
+ case 0xD9:
+ {
+ std::uint16_t subtype{};
+ get_number(input_format_t::cbor, subtype);
+ b.set_subtype(detail::conditional_static_cast<typename binary_t::subtype_type>(subtype));
+ break;
+ }
+ case 0xDA:
+ {
+ std::uint32_t subtype{};
+ get_number(input_format_t::cbor, subtype);
+ b.set_subtype(detail::conditional_static_cast<typename binary_t::subtype_type>(subtype));
+ break;
+ }
+ case 0xDB:
+ {
+ std::uint64_t subtype{};
+ get_number(input_format_t::cbor, subtype);
+ b.set_subtype(detail::conditional_static_cast<typename binary_t::subtype_type>(subtype));
+ break;
+ }
+ default:
+ return parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler);
+ }
+ get();
+ return get_cbor_binary(b) && sax->binary(b);
+ }
+
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ return false; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ }
+
+ case 0xF4: // false
+ return sax->boolean(false);
+
+ case 0xF5: // true
+ return sax->boolean(true);
+
+ case 0xF6: // null
+ return sax->null();
+
+ case 0xF9: // Half-Precision Float (two-byte IEEE 754)
+ {
+ const auto byte1_raw = get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "number")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ const auto byte2_raw = get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "number")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ const auto byte1 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte1_raw);
+ const auto byte2 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte2_raw);
+
+ // code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
+ // As half-precision floating-point numbers were only added
+ // to IEEE 754 in 2008, today's programming platforms often
+ // still only have limited support for them. It is very
+ // easy to include at least decoding support for them even
+ // without such support. An example of a small decoder for
+ // half-precision floating-point numbers in the C language
+ // is shown in Fig. 3.
+ const auto half = static_cast<unsigned int>((byte1 << 8u) + byte2);
+ const double val = [&half]
+ {
+ const int exp = (half >> 10u) & 0x1Fu;
+ const unsigned int mant = half & 0x3FFu;
+ JSON_ASSERT(0 <= exp&& exp <= 32);
+ JSON_ASSERT(mant <= 1024);
+ switch (exp)
+ {
+ case 0:
+ return std::ldexp(mant, -24);
+ case 31:
+ return (mant == 0)
+ ? std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
+ : std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
+ default:
+ return std::ldexp(mant + 1024, exp - 25);
+ }
+ }();
+ return sax->number_float((half & 0x8000u) != 0
+ ? static_cast<number_float_t>(-val)
+ : static_cast<number_float_t>(val), "");
+ }
+
+ case 0xFA: // Single-Precision Float (four-byte IEEE 754)
+ {
+ float number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+ }
+
+ case 0xFB: // Double-Precision Float (eight-byte IEEE 754)
+ {
+ double number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+ }
+
+ default: // anything else (0xFF is handled inside the other types)
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, concat("invalid byte: 0x", last_token), "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief reads a CBOR string
+
+ This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
+ string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
+ Additionally, CBOR's strings with indefinite lengths are supported.
+
+ @param[out] result created string
+
+ @return whether string creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_cbor_string(string_t& result)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "string")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
+ case 0x60:
+ case 0x61:
+ case 0x62:
+ case 0x63:
+ case 0x64:
+ case 0x65:
+ case 0x66:
+ case 0x67:
+ case 0x68:
+ case 0x69:
+ case 0x6A:
+ case 0x6B:
+ case 0x6C:
+ case 0x6D:
+ case 0x6E:
+ case 0x6F:
+ case 0x70:
+ case 0x71:
+ case 0x72:
+ case 0x73:
+ case 0x74:
+ case 0x75:
+ case 0x76:
+ case 0x77:
+ {
+ return get_string(input_format_t::cbor, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+ {
+ std::uint8_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x7A: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x7B: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint64_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
+ {
+ while (get() != 0xFF)
+ {
+ string_t chunk;
+ if (!get_cbor_string(chunk))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ result.append(chunk);
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, concat("expected length specification (0x60-0x7B) or indefinite string type (0x7F); last byte: 0x", last_token), "string"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief reads a CBOR byte array
+
+ This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
+ byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into the byte array.
+ Additionally, CBOR's byte arrays with indefinite lengths are supported.
+
+ @param[out] result created byte array
+
+ @return whether byte array creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_cbor_binary(binary_t& result)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "binary")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
+ case 0x40:
+ case 0x41:
+ case 0x42:
+ case 0x43:
+ case 0x44:
+ case 0x45:
+ case 0x46:
+ case 0x47:
+ case 0x48:
+ case 0x49:
+ case 0x4A:
+ case 0x4B:
+ case 0x4C:
+ case 0x4D:
+ case 0x4E:
+ case 0x4F:
+ case 0x50:
+ case 0x51:
+ case 0x52:
+ case 0x53:
+ case 0x54:
+ case 0x55:
+ case 0x56:
+ case 0x57:
+ {
+ return get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x58: // Binary data (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+ {
+ std::uint8_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x59: // Binary data (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x5A: // Binary data (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x5B: // Binary data (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+ {
+ std::uint64_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0x5F: // Binary data (indefinite length)
+ {
+ while (get() != 0xFF)
+ {
+ binary_t chunk;
+ if (!get_cbor_binary(chunk))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ result.insert(result.end(), chunk.begin(), chunk.end());
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, concat("expected length specification (0x40-0x5B) or indefinite binary array type (0x5F); last byte: 0x", last_token), "binary"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] len the length of the array or detail::unknown_size() for an
+ array of indefinite size
+ @param[in] tag_handler how CBOR tags should be treated
+ @return whether array creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_cbor_array(const std::size_t len,
+ const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(len)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (len != detail::unknown_size())
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ while (get() != 0xFF)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_cbor_internal(false, tag_handler)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return sax->end_array();
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] len the length of the object or detail::unknown_size() for an
+ object of indefinite size
+ @param[in] tag_handler how CBOR tags should be treated
+ @return whether object creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_cbor_object(const std::size_t len,
+ const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(len)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (len != 0)
+ {
+ string_t key;
+ if (len != detail::unknown_size())
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+ {
+ get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_cbor_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ key.clear();
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ while (get() != 0xFF)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_cbor_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ key.clear();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return sax->end_object();
+ }
+
+ /////////////
+ // MsgPack //
+ /////////////
+
+ /*!
+ @return whether a valid MessagePack value was passed to the SAX parser
+ */
+ bool parse_msgpack_internal()
+ {
+ switch (get())
+ {
+ // EOF
+ case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+ return unexpect_eof(input_format_t::msgpack, "value");
+
+ // positive fixint
+ case 0x00:
+ case 0x01:
+ case 0x02:
+ case 0x03:
+ case 0x04:
+ case 0x05:
+ case 0x06:
+ case 0x07:
+ case 0x08:
+ case 0x09:
+ case 0x0A:
+ case 0x0B:
+ case 0x0C:
+ case 0x0D:
+ case 0x0E:
+ case 0x0F:
+ case 0x10:
+ case 0x11:
+ case 0x12:
+ case 0x13:
+ case 0x14:
+ case 0x15:
+ case 0x16:
+ case 0x17:
+ case 0x18:
+ case 0x19:
+ case 0x1A:
+ case 0x1B:
+ case 0x1C:
+ case 0x1D:
+ case 0x1E:
+ case 0x1F:
+ case 0x20:
+ case 0x21:
+ case 0x22:
+ case 0x23:
+ case 0x24:
+ case 0x25:
+ case 0x26:
+ case 0x27:
+ case 0x28:
+ case 0x29:
+ case 0x2A:
+ case 0x2B:
+ case 0x2C:
+ case 0x2D:
+ case 0x2E:
+ case 0x2F:
+ case 0x30:
+ case 0x31:
+ case 0x32:
+ case 0x33:
+ case 0x34:
+ case 0x35:
+ case 0x36:
+ case 0x37:
+ case 0x38:
+ case 0x39:
+ case 0x3A:
+ case 0x3B:
+ case 0x3C:
+ case 0x3D:
+ case 0x3E:
+ case 0x3F:
+ case 0x40:
+ case 0x41:
+ case 0x42:
+ case 0x43:
+ case 0x44:
+ case 0x45:
+ case 0x46:
+ case 0x47:
+ case 0x48:
+ case 0x49:
+ case 0x4A:
+ case 0x4B:
+ case 0x4C:
+ case 0x4D:
+ case 0x4E:
+ case 0x4F:
+ case 0x50:
+ case 0x51:
+ case 0x52:
+ case 0x53:
+ case 0x54:
+ case 0x55:
+ case 0x56:
+ case 0x57:
+ case 0x58:
+ case 0x59:
+ case 0x5A:
+ case 0x5B:
+ case 0x5C:
+ case 0x5D:
+ case 0x5E:
+ case 0x5F:
+ case 0x60:
+ case 0x61:
+ case 0x62:
+ case 0x63:
+ case 0x64:
+ case 0x65:
+ case 0x66:
+ case 0x67:
+ case 0x68:
+ case 0x69:
+ case 0x6A:
+ case 0x6B:
+ case 0x6C:
+ case 0x6D:
+ case 0x6E:
+ case 0x6F:
+ case 0x70:
+ case 0x71:
+ case 0x72:
+ case 0x73:
+ case 0x74:
+ case 0x75:
+ case 0x76:
+ case 0x77:
+ case 0x78:
+ case 0x79:
+ case 0x7A:
+ case 0x7B:
+ case 0x7C:
+ case 0x7D:
+ case 0x7E:
+ case 0x7F:
+ return sax->number_unsigned(static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(current));
+
+ // fixmap
+ case 0x80:
+ case 0x81:
+ case 0x82:
+ case 0x83:
+ case 0x84:
+ case 0x85:
+ case 0x86:
+ case 0x87:
+ case 0x88:
+ case 0x89:
+ case 0x8A:
+ case 0x8B:
+ case 0x8C:
+ case 0x8D:
+ case 0x8E:
+ case 0x8F:
+ return get_msgpack_object(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x0Fu));
+
+ // fixarray
+ case 0x90:
+ case 0x91:
+ case 0x92:
+ case 0x93:
+ case 0x94:
+ case 0x95:
+ case 0x96:
+ case 0x97:
+ case 0x98:
+ case 0x99:
+ case 0x9A:
+ case 0x9B:
+ case 0x9C:
+ case 0x9D:
+ case 0x9E:
+ case 0x9F:
+ return get_msgpack_array(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x0Fu));
+
+ // fixstr
+ case 0xA0:
+ case 0xA1:
+ case 0xA2:
+ case 0xA3:
+ case 0xA4:
+ case 0xA5:
+ case 0xA6:
+ case 0xA7:
+ case 0xA8:
+ case 0xA9:
+ case 0xAA:
+ case 0xAB:
+ case 0xAC:
+ case 0xAD:
+ case 0xAE:
+ case 0xAF:
+ case 0xB0:
+ case 0xB1:
+ case 0xB2:
+ case 0xB3:
+ case 0xB4:
+ case 0xB5:
+ case 0xB6:
+ case 0xB7:
+ case 0xB8:
+ case 0xB9:
+ case 0xBA:
+ case 0xBB:
+ case 0xBC:
+ case 0xBD:
+ case 0xBE:
+ case 0xBF:
+ case 0xD9: // str 8
+ case 0xDA: // str 16
+ case 0xDB: // str 32
+ {
+ string_t s;
+ return get_msgpack_string(s) && sax->string(s);
+ }
+
+ case 0xC0: // nil
+ return sax->null();
+
+ case 0xC2: // false
+ return sax->boolean(false);
+
+ case 0xC3: // true
+ return sax->boolean(true);
+
+ case 0xC4: // bin 8
+ case 0xC5: // bin 16
+ case 0xC6: // bin 32
+ case 0xC7: // ext 8
+ case 0xC8: // ext 16
+ case 0xC9: // ext 32
+ case 0xD4: // fixext 1
+ case 0xD5: // fixext 2
+ case 0xD6: // fixext 4
+ case 0xD7: // fixext 8
+ case 0xD8: // fixext 16
+ {
+ binary_t b;
+ return get_msgpack_binary(b) && sax->binary(b);
+ }
+
+ case 0xCA: // float 32
+ {
+ float number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+ }
+
+ case 0xCB: // float 64
+ {
+ double number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+ }
+
+ case 0xCC: // uint 8
+ {
+ std::uint8_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0xCD: // uint 16
+ {
+ std::uint16_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0xCE: // uint 32
+ {
+ std::uint32_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0xCF: // uint 64
+ {
+ std::uint64_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD0: // int 8
+ {
+ std::int8_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD1: // int 16
+ {
+ std::int16_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD2: // int 32
+ {
+ std::int32_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD3: // int 64
+ {
+ std::int64_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+ }
+
+ case 0xDC: // array 16
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_msgpack_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+ }
+
+ case 0xDD: // array 32
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_msgpack_array(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+ }
+
+ case 0xDE: // map 16
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_msgpack_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+ }
+
+ case 0xDF: // map 32
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_msgpack_object(conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+ }
+
+ // negative fixint
+ case 0xE0:
+ case 0xE1:
+ case 0xE2:
+ case 0xE3:
+ case 0xE4:
+ case 0xE5:
+ case 0xE6:
+ case 0xE7:
+ case 0xE8:
+ case 0xE9:
+ case 0xEA:
+ case 0xEB:
+ case 0xEC:
+ case 0xED:
+ case 0xEE:
+ case 0xEF:
+ case 0xF0:
+ case 0xF1:
+ case 0xF2:
+ case 0xF3:
+ case 0xF4:
+ case 0xF5:
+ case 0xF6:
+ case 0xF7:
+ case 0xF8:
+ case 0xF9:
+ case 0xFA:
+ case 0xFB:
+ case 0xFC:
+ case 0xFD:
+ case 0xFE:
+ case 0xFF:
+ return sax->number_integer(static_cast<std::int8_t>(current));
+
+ default: // anything else
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format_t::msgpack, concat("invalid byte: 0x", last_token), "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief reads a MessagePack string
+
+ This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
+ string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
+
+ @param[out] result created string
+
+ @return whether string creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_msgpack_string(string_t& result)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::msgpack, "string")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ // fixstr
+ case 0xA0:
+ case 0xA1:
+ case 0xA2:
+ case 0xA3:
+ case 0xA4:
+ case 0xA5:
+ case 0xA6:
+ case 0xA7:
+ case 0xA8:
+ case 0xA9:
+ case 0xAA:
+ case 0xAB:
+ case 0xAC:
+ case 0xAD:
+ case 0xAE:
+ case 0xAF:
+ case 0xB0:
+ case 0xB1:
+ case 0xB2:
+ case 0xB3:
+ case 0xB4:
+ case 0xB5:
+ case 0xB6:
+ case 0xB7:
+ case 0xB8:
+ case 0xB9:
+ case 0xBA:
+ case 0xBB:
+ case 0xBC:
+ case 0xBD:
+ case 0xBE:
+ case 0xBF:
+ {
+ return get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD9: // str 8
+ {
+ std::uint8_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0xDA: // str 16
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0xDB: // str 32
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+ }
+
+ default:
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format_t::msgpack, concat("expected length specification (0xA0-0xBF, 0xD9-0xDB); last byte: 0x", last_token), "string"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief reads a MessagePack byte array
+
+ This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
+ byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into a byte array.
+
+ @param[out] result created byte array
+
+ @return whether byte array creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_msgpack_binary(binary_t& result)
+ {
+ // helper function to set the subtype
+ auto assign_and_return_true = [&result](std::int8_t subtype)
+ {
+ result.set_subtype(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(subtype));
+ return true;
+ };
+
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ case 0xC4: // bin 8
+ {
+ std::uint8_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0xC5: // bin 16
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0xC6: // bin 32
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 0xC7: // ext 8
+ {
+ std::uint8_t len{};
+ std::int8_t subtype{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+ get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) &&
+ assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+ }
+
+ case 0xC8: // ext 16
+ {
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ std::int8_t subtype{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+ get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) &&
+ assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+ }
+
+ case 0xC9: // ext 32
+ {
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ std::int8_t subtype{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+ get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) &&
+ assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD4: // fixext 1
+ {
+ std::int8_t subtype{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 1, result) &&
+ assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD5: // fixext 2
+ {
+ std::int8_t subtype{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 2, result) &&
+ assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD6: // fixext 4
+ {
+ std::int8_t subtype{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 4, result) &&
+ assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD7: // fixext 8
+ {
+ std::int8_t subtype{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 8, result) &&
+ assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+ }
+
+ case 0xD8: // fixext 16
+ {
+ std::int8_t subtype{};
+ return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+ get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 16, result) &&
+ assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+ }
+
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ return false; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] len the length of the array
+ @return whether array creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_msgpack_array(const std::size_t len)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(len)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_msgpack_internal()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return sax->end_array();
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] len the length of the object
+ @return whether object creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_msgpack_object(const std::size_t len)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(len)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ string_t key;
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+ {
+ get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_msgpack_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_msgpack_internal()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ key.clear();
+ }
+
+ return sax->end_object();
+ }
+
+ ////////////
+ // UBJSON //
+ ////////////
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] get_char whether a new character should be retrieved from the
+ input (true, default) or whether the last read
+ character should be considered instead
+
+ @return whether a valid UBJSON value was passed to the SAX parser
+ */
+ bool parse_ubjson_internal(const bool get_char = true)
+ {
+ return get_ubjson_value(get_char ? get_ignore_noop() : current);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief reads a UBJSON string
+
+ This function is either called after reading the 'S' byte explicitly
+ indicating a string, or in case of an object key where the 'S' byte can be
+ left out.
+
+ @param[out] result created string
+ @param[in] get_char whether a new character should be retrieved from the
+ input (true, default) or whether the last read
+ character should be considered instead
+
+ @return whether string creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_ubjson_string(string_t& result, const bool get_char = true)
+ {
+ if (get_char)
+ {
+ get(); // TODO(niels): may we ignore N here?
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format, "value")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ switch (current)
+ {
+ case 'U':
+ {
+ std::uint8_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format, len) && get_string(input_format, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 'i':
+ {
+ std::int8_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format, len) && get_string(input_format, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 'I':
+ {
+ std::int16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format, len) && get_string(input_format, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 'l':
+ {
+ std::int32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format, len) && get_string(input_format, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 'L':
+ {
+ std::int64_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format, len) && get_string(input_format, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 'u':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint16_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format, len) && get_string(input_format, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 'm':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint32_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format, len) && get_string(input_format, len, result);
+ }
+
+ case 'M':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint64_t len{};
+ return get_number(input_format, len) && get_string(input_format, len, result);
+ }
+
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ std::string message;
+
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ message = "expected length type specification (U, i, I, l, L); last byte: 0x" + last_token;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ message = "expected length type specification (U, i, u, I, m, l, M, L); last byte: 0x" + last_token;
+ }
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format, message, "string"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[out] dim an integer vector storing the ND array dimensions
+ @return whether reading ND array size vector is successful
+ */
+ bool get_ubjson_ndarray_size(std::vector<size_t>& dim)
+ {
+ std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type> size_and_type;
+ size_t dimlen = 0;
+ bool no_ndarray = true;
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_size_type(size_and_type, no_ndarray)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (size_and_type.first != npos)
+ {
+ if (size_and_type.second != 0)
+ {
+ if (size_and_type.second != 'N')
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_size_value(dimlen, no_ndarray, size_and_type.second)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ dim.push_back(dimlen);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_size_value(dimlen, no_ndarray)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ dim.push_back(dimlen);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ while (current != ']')
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_size_value(dimlen, no_ndarray, current)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ dim.push_back(dimlen);
+ get_ignore_noop();
+ }
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[out] result determined size
+ @param[in,out] is_ndarray for input, `true` means already inside an ndarray vector
+ or ndarray dimension is not allowed; `false` means ndarray
+ is allowed; for output, `true` means an ndarray is found;
+ is_ndarray can only return `true` when its initial value
+ is `false`
+ @param[in] prefix type marker if already read, otherwise set to 0
+
+ @return whether size determination completed
+ */
+ bool get_ubjson_size_value(std::size_t& result, bool& is_ndarray, char_int_type prefix = 0)
+ {
+ if (prefix == 0)
+ {
+ prefix = get_ignore_noop();
+ }
+
+ switch (prefix)
+ {
+ case 'U':
+ {
+ std::uint8_t number{};
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format, number)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case 'i':
+ {
+ std::int8_t number{};
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format, number)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (number < 0)
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(113, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, "count in an optimized container must be positive", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number); // NOLINT(bugprone-signed-char-misuse,cert-str34-c): number is not a char
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case 'I':
+ {
+ std::int16_t number{};
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format, number)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (number < 0)
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(113, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, "count in an optimized container must be positive", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case 'l':
+ {
+ std::int32_t number{};
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format, number)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (number < 0)
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(113, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, "count in an optimized container must be positive", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case 'L':
+ {
+ std::int64_t number{};
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format, number)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (number < 0)
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(113, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, "count in an optimized container must be positive", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ if (!value_in_range_of<std::size_t>(number))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), out_of_range::create(408,
+ exception_message(input_format, "integer value overflow", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case 'u':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint16_t number{};
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format, number)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case 'm':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint32_t number{};
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format, number)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ result = conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case 'M':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint64_t number{};
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format, number)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (!value_in_range_of<std::size_t>(number))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), out_of_range::create(408,
+ exception_message(input_format, "integer value overflow", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ result = detail::conditional_static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case '[':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ if (is_ndarray) // ndarray dimensional vector can only contain integers, and can not embed another array
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format, "ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ std::vector<size_t> dim;
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_ndarray_size(dim)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (dim.size() == 1 || (dim.size() == 2 && dim.at(0) == 1)) // return normal array size if 1D row vector
+ {
+ result = dim.at(dim.size() - 1);
+ return true;
+ }
+ if (!dim.empty()) // if ndarray, convert to an object in JData annotated array format
+ {
+ for (auto i : dim) // test if any dimension in an ndarray is 0, if so, return a 1D empty container
+ {
+ if ( i == 0 )
+ {
+ result = 0;
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ string_t key = "_ArraySize_";
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(3) || !sax->key(key) || !sax->start_array(dim.size())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ result = 1;
+ for (auto i : dim)
+ {
+ result *= i;
+ if (result == 0 || result == npos) // because dim elements shall not have zeros, result = 0 means overflow happened; it also can't be npos as it is used to initialize size in get_ubjson_size_type()
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), out_of_range::create(408, exception_message(input_format, "excessive ndarray size caused overflow", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_unsigned(static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(i))))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ is_ndarray = true;
+ return sax->end_array();
+ }
+ result = 0;
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ std::string message;
+
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ message = "expected length type specification (U, i, I, l, L) after '#'; last byte: 0x" + last_token;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ message = "expected length type specification (U, i, u, I, m, l, M, L) after '#'; last byte: 0x" + last_token;
+ }
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format, message, "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief determine the type and size for a container
+
+ In the optimized UBJSON format, a type and a size can be provided to allow
+ for a more compact representation.
+
+ @param[out] result pair of the size and the type
+ @param[in] inside_ndarray whether the parser is parsing an ND array dimensional vector
+
+ @return whether pair creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_ubjson_size_type(std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type>& result, bool inside_ndarray = false)
+ {
+ result.first = npos; // size
+ result.second = 0; // type
+ bool is_ndarray = false;
+
+ get_ignore_noop();
+
+ if (current == '$')
+ {
+ result.second = get(); // must not ignore 'N', because 'N' maybe the type
+ if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata
+ && JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(std::binary_search(bjd_optimized_type_markers.begin(), bjd_optimized_type_markers.end(), result.second)))
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, concat("marker 0x", last_token, " is not a permitted optimized array type"), "type"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format, "type")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ get_ignore_noop();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current != '#'))
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format, "value")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, concat("expected '#' after type information; last byte: 0x", last_token), "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ const bool is_error = get_ubjson_size_value(result.first, is_ndarray);
+ if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray)
+ {
+ if (inside_ndarray)
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, "ndarray can not be recursive", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ result.second |= (1 << 8); // use bit 8 to indicate ndarray, all UBJSON and BJData markers should be ASCII letters
+ }
+ return is_error;
+ }
+
+ if (current == '#')
+ {
+ const bool is_error = get_ubjson_size_value(result.first, is_ndarray);
+ if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray)
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, "ndarray requires both type and size", "size"), nullptr));
+ }
+ return is_error;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param prefix the previously read or set type prefix
+ @return whether value creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_ubjson_value(const char_int_type prefix)
+ {
+ switch (prefix)
+ {
+ case char_traits<char_type>::eof(): // EOF
+ return unexpect_eof(input_format, "value");
+
+ case 'T': // true
+ return sax->boolean(true);
+ case 'F': // false
+ return sax->boolean(false);
+
+ case 'Z': // null
+ return sax->null();
+
+ case 'B': // byte
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint8_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'U':
+ {
+ std::uint8_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'i':
+ {
+ std::int8_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'I':
+ {
+ std::int16_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'l':
+ {
+ std::int32_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'L':
+ {
+ std::int64_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'u':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint16_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'm':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint32_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'M':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ std::uint64_t number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+ }
+
+ case 'h':
+ {
+ if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ const auto byte1_raw = get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format, "number")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ const auto byte2_raw = get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format, "number")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ const auto byte1 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte1_raw);
+ const auto byte2 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte2_raw);
+
+ // code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
+ // As half-precision floating-point numbers were only added
+ // to IEEE 754 in 2008, today's programming platforms often
+ // still only have limited support for them. It is very
+ // easy to include at least decoding support for them even
+ // without such support. An example of a small decoder for
+ // half-precision floating-point numbers in the C language
+ // is shown in Fig. 3.
+ const auto half = static_cast<unsigned int>((byte2 << 8u) + byte1);
+ const double val = [&half]
+ {
+ const int exp = (half >> 10u) & 0x1Fu;
+ const unsigned int mant = half & 0x3FFu;
+ JSON_ASSERT(0 <= exp&& exp <= 32);
+ JSON_ASSERT(mant <= 1024);
+ switch (exp)
+ {
+ case 0:
+ return std::ldexp(mant, -24);
+ case 31:
+ return (mant == 0)
+ ? std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
+ : std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
+ default:
+ return std::ldexp(mant + 1024, exp - 25);
+ }
+ }();
+ return sax->number_float((half & 0x8000u) != 0
+ ? static_cast<number_float_t>(-val)
+ : static_cast<number_float_t>(val), "");
+ }
+
+ case 'd':
+ {
+ float number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+ }
+
+ case 'D':
+ {
+ double number{};
+ return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+ }
+
+ case 'H':
+ {
+ return get_ubjson_high_precision_number();
+ }
+
+ case 'C': // char
+ {
+ get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format, "char")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current > 127))
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, concat("byte after 'C' must be in range 0x00..0x7F; last byte: 0x", last_token), "char"), nullptr));
+ }
+ string_t s(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(current));
+ return sax->string(s);
+ }
+
+ case 'S': // string
+ {
+ string_t s;
+ return get_ubjson_string(s) && sax->string(s);
+ }
+
+ case '[': // array
+ return get_ubjson_array();
+
+ case '{': // object
+ return get_ubjson_object();
+
+ default: // anything else
+ break;
+ }
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return whether array creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_ubjson_array()
+ {
+ std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type> size_and_type;
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_size_type(size_and_type)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // if bit-8 of size_and_type.second is set to 1, encode bjdata ndarray as an object in JData annotated array format (https://github.com/NeuroJSON/jdata):
+ // {"_ArrayType_" : "typeid", "_ArraySize_" : [n1, n2, ...], "_ArrayData_" : [v1, v2, ...]}
+
+ if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && size_and_type.first != npos && (size_and_type.second & (1 << 8)) != 0)
+ {
+ size_and_type.second &= ~(static_cast<char_int_type>(1) << 8); // use bit 8 to indicate ndarray, here we remove the bit to restore the type marker
+ auto it = std::lower_bound(bjd_types_map.begin(), bjd_types_map.end(), size_and_type.second, [](const bjd_type & p, char_int_type t)
+ {
+ return p.first < t;
+ });
+ string_t key = "_ArrayType_";
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(it == bjd_types_map.end() || it->first != size_and_type.second))
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "type"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ string_t type = it->second; // sax->string() takes a reference
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(key) || !sax->string(type)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (size_and_type.second == 'C' || size_and_type.second == 'B')
+ {
+ size_and_type.second = 'U';
+ }
+
+ key = "_ArrayData_";
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(key) || !sax->start_array(size_and_type.first) ))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_value(size_and_type.second)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (sax->end_array() && sax->end_object());
+ }
+
+ // If BJData type marker is 'B' decode as binary
+ if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && size_and_type.first != npos && size_and_type.second == 'B')
+ {
+ binary_t result;
+ return get_binary(input_format, size_and_type.first, result) && sax->binary(result);
+ }
+
+ if (size_and_type.first != npos)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(size_and_type.first)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (size_and_type.second != 0)
+ {
+ if (size_and_type.second != 'N')
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_value(size_and_type.second)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_ubjson_internal()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(detail::unknown_size())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ while (current != ']')
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_ubjson_internal(false)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ get_ignore_noop();
+ }
+ }
+
+ return sax->end_array();
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return whether object creation completed
+ */
+ bool get_ubjson_object()
+ {
+ std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type> size_and_type;
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_size_type(size_and_type)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // do not accept ND-array size in objects in BJData
+ if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && size_and_type.first != npos && (size_and_type.second & (1 << 8)) != 0)
+ {
+ auto last_token = get_token_string();
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, "BJData object does not support ND-array size in optimized format", "object"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ string_t key;
+ if (size_and_type.first != npos)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(size_and_type.first)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (size_and_type.second != 0)
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_value(size_and_type.second)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ key.clear();
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_ubjson_internal()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ key.clear();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(detail::unknown_size())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ while (current != '}')
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_string(key, false) || !sax->key(key)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_ubjson_internal()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ get_ignore_noop();
+ key.clear();
+ }
+ }
+
+ return sax->end_object();
+ }
+
+ // Note, no reader for UBJSON binary types is implemented because they do
+ // not exist
+
+ bool get_ubjson_high_precision_number()
+ {
+ // get size of following number string
+ std::size_t size{};
+ bool no_ndarray = true;
+ auto res = get_ubjson_size_value(size, no_ndarray);
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!res))
+ {
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ // get number string
+ std::vector<char> number_vector;
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i)
+ {
+ get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format, "number")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ number_vector.push_back(static_cast<char>(current));
+ }
+
+ // parse number string
+ using ia_type = decltype(detail::input_adapter(number_vector));
+ auto number_lexer = detail::lexer<BasicJsonType, ia_type>(detail::input_adapter(number_vector), false);
+ const auto result_number = number_lexer.scan();
+ const auto number_string = number_lexer.get_token_string();
+ const auto result_remainder = number_lexer.scan();
+
+ using token_type = typename detail::lexer_base<BasicJsonType>::token_type;
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(result_remainder != token_type::end_of_input))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, number_string, parse_error::create(115, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, concat("invalid number text: ", number_lexer.get_token_string()), "high-precision number"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ switch (result_number)
+ {
+ case token_type::value_integer:
+ return sax->number_integer(number_lexer.get_number_integer());
+ case token_type::value_unsigned:
+ return sax->number_unsigned(number_lexer.get_number_unsigned());
+ case token_type::value_float:
+ return sax->number_float(number_lexer.get_number_float(), std::move(number_string));
+ case token_type::uninitialized:
+ case token_type::literal_true:
+ case token_type::literal_false:
+ case token_type::literal_null:
+ case token_type::value_string:
+ case token_type::begin_array:
+ case token_type::begin_object:
+ case token_type::end_array:
+ case token_type::end_object:
+ case token_type::name_separator:
+ case token_type::value_separator:
+ case token_type::parse_error:
+ case token_type::end_of_input:
+ case token_type::literal_or_value:
+ default:
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, number_string, parse_error::create(115, chars_read,
+ exception_message(input_format, concat("invalid number text: ", number_lexer.get_token_string()), "high-precision number"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ ///////////////////////
+ // Utility functions //
+ ///////////////////////
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get next character from the input
+
+ This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
+ not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a -'ve valued
+ `char_traits<char_type>::eof()` in that case.
+
+ @return character read from the input
+ */
+ char_int_type get()
+ {
+ ++chars_read;
+ return current = ia.get_character();
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get_to read into a primitive type
+
+ This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
+ not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns false instead
+
+ @return bool, whether the read was successful
+ */
+ template<class T>
+ bool get_to(T& dest, const input_format_t format, const char* context)
+ {
+ auto new_chars_read = ia.get_elements(&dest);
+ chars_read += new_chars_read;
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(new_chars_read < sizeof(T)))
+ {
+ // in case of failure, advance position by 1 to report failing location
+ ++chars_read;
+ sax->parse_error(chars_read, "<end of file>", parse_error::create(110, chars_read, exception_message(format, "unexpected end of input", context), nullptr));
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return character read from the input after ignoring all 'N' entries
+ */
+ char_int_type get_ignore_noop()
+ {
+ do
+ {
+ get();
+ }
+ while (current == 'N');
+
+ return current;
+ }
+
+ template<class NumberType>
+ static void byte_swap(NumberType& number)
+ {
+ constexpr std::size_t sz = sizeof(number);
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_byteswap
+ if constexpr (sz == 1)
+ {
+ return;
+ }
+ if constexpr(std::is_integral_v<NumberType>)
+ {
+ number = std::byteswap(number);
+ return;
+ }
+#endif
+ auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<std::uint8_t*>(&number);
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sz / 2; ++i)
+ {
+ std::swap(ptr[i], ptr[sz - i - 1]);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*
+ @brief read a number from the input
+
+ @tparam NumberType the type of the number
+ @param[in] format the current format (for diagnostics)
+ @param[out] result number of type @a NumberType
+
+ @return whether conversion completed
+
+ @note This function needs to respect the system's endianness, because
+ bytes in CBOR, MessagePack, and UBJSON are stored in network order
+ (big endian) and therefore need reordering on little endian systems.
+ On the other hand, BSON and BJData use little endian and should reorder
+ on big endian systems.
+ */
+ template<typename NumberType, bool InputIsLittleEndian = false>
+ bool get_number(const input_format_t format, NumberType& result)
+ {
+ // read in the original format
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_to(result, format, "number")))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (is_little_endian != (InputIsLittleEndian || format == input_format_t::bjdata))
+ {
+ byte_swap(result);
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief create a string by reading characters from the input
+
+ @tparam NumberType the type of the number
+ @param[in] format the current format (for diagnostics)
+ @param[in] len number of characters to read
+ @param[out] result string created by reading @a len bytes
+
+ @return whether string creation completed
+
+ @note We can not reserve @a len bytes for the result, because @a len
+ may be too large. Usually, @ref unexpect_eof() detects the end of
+ the input before we run out of string memory.
+ */
+ template<typename NumberType>
+ bool get_string(const input_format_t format,
+ const NumberType len,
+ string_t& result)
+ {
+ bool success = true;
+ for (NumberType i = 0; i < len; i++)
+ {
+ get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(format, "string")))
+ {
+ success = false;
+ break;
+ }
+ result.push_back(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(current));
+ }
+ return success;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief create a byte array by reading bytes from the input
+
+ @tparam NumberType the type of the number
+ @param[in] format the current format (for diagnostics)
+ @param[in] len number of bytes to read
+ @param[out] result byte array created by reading @a len bytes
+
+ @return whether byte array creation completed
+
+ @note We can not reserve @a len bytes for the result, because @a len
+ may be too large. Usually, @ref unexpect_eof() detects the end of
+ the input before we run out of memory.
+ */
+ template<typename NumberType>
+ bool get_binary(const input_format_t format,
+ const NumberType len,
+ binary_t& result)
+ {
+ bool success = true;
+ for (NumberType i = 0; i < len; i++)
+ {
+ get();
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(format, "binary")))
+ {
+ success = false;
+ break;
+ }
+ result.push_back(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current));
+ }
+ return success;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] format the current format (for diagnostics)
+ @param[in] context further context information (for diagnostics)
+ @return whether the last read character is not EOF
+ */
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+ bool unexpect_eof(const input_format_t format, const char* context) const
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current == char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(chars_read, "<end of file>",
+ parse_error::create(110, chars_read, exception_message(format, "unexpected end of input", context), nullptr));
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return a string representation of the last read byte
+ */
+ std::string get_token_string() const
+ {
+ std::array<char, 3> cr{{}};
+ static_cast<void>((std::snprintf)(cr.data(), cr.size(), "%.2hhX", static_cast<unsigned char>(current))); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+ return std::string{cr.data()};
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] format the current format
+ @param[in] detail a detailed error message
+ @param[in] context further context information
+ @return a message string to use in the parse_error exceptions
+ */
+ std::string exception_message(const input_format_t format,
+ const std::string& detail,
+ const std::string& context) const
+ {
+ std::string error_msg = "syntax error while parsing ";
+
+ switch (format)
+ {
+ case input_format_t::cbor:
+ error_msg += "CBOR";
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::msgpack:
+ error_msg += "MessagePack";
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::ubjson:
+ error_msg += "UBJSON";
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::bson:
+ error_msg += "BSON";
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::bjdata:
+ error_msg += "BJData";
+ break;
+
+ case input_format_t::json: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+
+ return concat(error_msg, ' ', context, ": ", detail);
+ }
+
+ private:
+ static JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr std::size_t npos = detail::unknown_size();
+
+ /// input adapter
+ InputAdapterType ia;
+
+ /// the current character
+ char_int_type current = char_traits<char_type>::eof();
+
+ /// the number of characters read
+ std::size_t chars_read = 0;
+
+ /// whether we can assume little endianness
+ const bool is_little_endian = little_endianness();
+
+ /// input format
+ const input_format_t input_format = input_format_t::json;
+
+ /// the SAX parser
+ json_sax_t* sax = nullptr;
+
+ // excluded markers in bjdata optimized type
+#define JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_OPTIMIZED_TYPE_MARKERS_ \
+ make_array<char_int_type>('F', 'H', 'N', 'S', 'T', 'Z', '[', '{')
+
+#define JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_TYPES_MAP_ \
+ make_array<bjd_type>( \
+ bjd_type{'B', "byte"}, \
+ bjd_type{'C', "char"}, \
+ bjd_type{'D', "double"}, \
+ bjd_type{'I', "int16"}, \
+ bjd_type{'L', "int64"}, \
+ bjd_type{'M', "uint64"}, \
+ bjd_type{'U', "uint8"}, \
+ bjd_type{'d', "single"}, \
+ bjd_type{'i', "int8"}, \
+ bjd_type{'l', "int32"}, \
+ bjd_type{'m', "uint32"}, \
+ bjd_type{'u', "uint16"})
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ // lookup tables
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-non-private-member-variables-in-classes)
+ const decltype(JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_OPTIMIZED_TYPE_MARKERS_) bjd_optimized_type_markers =
+ JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_OPTIMIZED_TYPE_MARKERS_;
+
+ using bjd_type = std::pair<char_int_type, string_t>;
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-non-private-member-variables-in-classes)
+ const decltype(JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_TYPES_MAP_) bjd_types_map =
+ JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_TYPES_MAP_;
+
+#undef JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_OPTIMIZED_TYPE_MARKERS_
+#undef JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_TYPES_MAP_
+};
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType, typename SAX>
+ constexpr std::size_t binary_reader<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType, SAX>::npos;
+#endif
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/parser.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cmath> // isfinite
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t
+#include <functional> // function
+#include <string> // string
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/json_sax.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/is_sax.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+////////////
+// parser //
+////////////
+
+enum class parse_event_t : std::uint8_t
+{
+ /// the parser read `{` and started to process a JSON object
+ object_start,
+ /// the parser read `}` and finished processing a JSON object
+ object_end,
+ /// the parser read `[` and started to process a JSON array
+ array_start,
+ /// the parser read `]` and finished processing a JSON array
+ array_end,
+ /// the parser read a key of a value in an object
+ key,
+ /// the parser finished reading a JSON value
+ value
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+using parser_callback_t =
+ std::function<bool(int /*depth*/, parse_event_t /*event*/, BasicJsonType& /*parsed*/)>;
+
+/*!
+@brief syntax analysis
+
+This class implements a recursive descent parser.
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class parser
+{
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using lexer_t = lexer<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType>;
+ using token_type = typename lexer_t::token_type;
+
+ public:
+ /// a parser reading from an input adapter
+ explicit parser(InputAdapterType&& adapter,
+ parser_callback_t<BasicJsonType> cb = nullptr,
+ const bool allow_exceptions_ = true,
+ const bool skip_comments = false)
+ : callback(std::move(cb))
+ , m_lexer(std::move(adapter), skip_comments)
+ , allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
+ {
+ // read first token
+ get_token();
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief public parser interface
+
+ @param[in] strict whether to expect the last token to be EOF
+ @param[in,out] result parsed JSON value
+
+ @throw parse_error.101 in case of an unexpected token
+ @throw parse_error.102 if to_unicode fails or surrogate error
+ @throw parse_error.103 if to_unicode fails
+ */
+ void parse(const bool strict, BasicJsonType& result)
+ {
+ if (callback)
+ {
+ json_sax_dom_callback_parser<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType> sdp(result, callback, allow_exceptions, &m_lexer);
+ sax_parse_internal(&sdp);
+
+ // in strict mode, input must be completely read
+ if (strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+ {
+ sdp.parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(),
+ exception_message(token_type::end_of_input, "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // in case of an error, return discarded value
+ if (sdp.is_errored())
+ {
+ result = value_t::discarded;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // set top-level value to null if it was discarded by the callback
+ // function
+ if (result.is_discarded())
+ {
+ result = nullptr;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType> sdp(result, allow_exceptions, &m_lexer);
+ sax_parse_internal(&sdp);
+
+ // in strict mode, input must be completely read
+ if (strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+ {
+ sdp.parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_of_input, "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // in case of an error, return discarded value
+ if (sdp.is_errored())
+ {
+ result = value_t::discarded;
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+
+ result.assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief public accept interface
+
+ @param[in] strict whether to expect the last token to be EOF
+ @return whether the input is a proper JSON text
+ */
+ bool accept(const bool strict = true)
+ {
+ json_sax_acceptor<BasicJsonType> sax_acceptor;
+ return sax_parse(&sax_acceptor, strict);
+ }
+
+ template<typename SAX>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ bool sax_parse(SAX* sax, const bool strict = true)
+ {
+ (void)detail::is_sax_static_asserts<SAX, BasicJsonType> {};
+ const bool result = sax_parse_internal(sax);
+
+ // strict mode: next byte must be EOF
+ if (result && strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_of_input, "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ template<typename SAX>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ bool sax_parse_internal(SAX* sax)
+ {
+ // stack to remember the hierarchy of structured values we are parsing
+ // true = array; false = object
+ std::vector<bool> states;
+ // value to avoid a goto (see comment where set to true)
+ bool skip_to_state_evaluation = false;
+
+ while (true)
+ {
+ if (!skip_to_state_evaluation)
+ {
+ // invariant: get_token() was called before each iteration
+ switch (last_token)
+ {
+ case token_type::begin_object:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(detail::unknown_size())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // closing } -> we are done
+ if (get_token() == token_type::end_object)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_object()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // parse key
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(last_token != token_type::value_string))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::value_string, "object key"), nullptr));
+ }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // parse separator (:)
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::name_separator))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::name_separator, "object separator"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // remember we are now inside an object
+ states.push_back(false);
+
+ // parse values
+ get_token();
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::begin_array:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(detail::unknown_size())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // closing ] -> we are done
+ if (get_token() == token_type::end_array)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_array()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // remember we are now inside an array
+ states.push_back(true);
+
+ // parse values (no need to call get_token)
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::value_float:
+ {
+ const auto res = m_lexer.get_number_float();
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!std::isfinite(res)))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ out_of_range::create(406, concat("number overflow parsing '", m_lexer.get_token_string(), '\''), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_float(res, m_lexer.get_string())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::literal_false:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->boolean(false)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::literal_null:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->null()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::literal_true:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->boolean(true)))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::value_integer:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_integer(m_lexer.get_number_integer())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::value_string:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->string(m_lexer.get_string())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::value_unsigned:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_unsigned(m_lexer.get_number_unsigned())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case token_type::parse_error:
+ {
+ // using "uninitialized" to avoid "expected" message
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::uninitialized, "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+ case token_type::end_of_input:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(m_lexer.get_position().chars_read_total == 1))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(),
+ "attempting to parse an empty input; check that your input string or stream contains the expected JSON", nullptr));
+ }
+
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::literal_or_value, "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+ case token_type::uninitialized:
+ case token_type::end_array:
+ case token_type::end_object:
+ case token_type::name_separator:
+ case token_type::value_separator:
+ case token_type::literal_or_value:
+ default: // the last token was unexpected
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::literal_or_value, "value"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ skip_to_state_evaluation = false;
+ }
+
+ // we reached this line after we successfully parsed a value
+ if (states.empty())
+ {
+ // empty stack: we reached the end of the hierarchy: done
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ if (states.back()) // array
+ {
+ // comma -> next value
+ if (get_token() == token_type::value_separator)
+ {
+ // parse a new value
+ get_token();
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ // closing ]
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(last_token == token_type::end_array))
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_array()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // We are done with this array. Before we can parse a
+ // new value, we need to evaluate the new state first.
+ // By setting skip_to_state_evaluation to false, we
+ // are effectively jumping to the beginning of this if.
+ JSON_ASSERT(!states.empty());
+ states.pop_back();
+ skip_to_state_evaluation = true;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_array, "array"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // states.back() is false -> object
+
+ // comma -> next value
+ if (get_token() == token_type::value_separator)
+ {
+ // parse key
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::value_string))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::value_string, "object key"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // parse separator (:)
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::name_separator))
+ {
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::name_separator, "object separator"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // parse values
+ get_token();
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ // closing }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(last_token == token_type::end_object))
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_object()))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // We are done with this object. Before we can parse a
+ // new value, we need to evaluate the new state first.
+ // By setting skip_to_state_evaluation to false, we
+ // are effectively jumping to the beginning of this if.
+ JSON_ASSERT(!states.empty());
+ states.pop_back();
+ skip_to_state_evaluation = true;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+ parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_object, "object"), nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// get next token from lexer
+ token_type get_token()
+ {
+ return last_token = m_lexer.scan();
+ }
+
+ std::string exception_message(const token_type expected, const std::string& context)
+ {
+ std::string error_msg = "syntax error ";
+
+ if (!context.empty())
+ {
+ error_msg += concat("while parsing ", context, ' ');
+ }
+
+ error_msg += "- ";
+
+ if (last_token == token_type::parse_error)
+ {
+ error_msg += concat(m_lexer.get_error_message(), "; last read: '",
+ m_lexer.get_token_string(), '\'');
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ error_msg += concat("unexpected ", lexer_t::token_type_name(last_token));
+ }
+
+ if (expected != token_type::uninitialized)
+ {
+ error_msg += concat("; expected ", lexer_t::token_type_name(expected));
+ }
+
+ return error_msg;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /// callback function
+ const parser_callback_t<BasicJsonType> callback = nullptr;
+ /// the type of the last read token
+ token_type last_token = token_type::uninitialized;
+ /// the lexer
+ lexer_t m_lexer;
+ /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/internal_iterator.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/primitive_iterator.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstddef> // ptrdiff_t
+#include <limits> // numeric_limits
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/*
+@brief an iterator for primitive JSON types
+
+This class models an iterator for primitive JSON types (boolean, number,
+string). It's only purpose is to allow the iterator/const_iterator classes
+to "iterate" over primitive values. Internally, the iterator is modeled by
+a `difference_type` variable. Value begin_value (`0`) models the begin,
+end_value (`1`) models past the end.
+*/
+class primitive_iterator_t
+{
+ private:
+ using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+ static constexpr difference_type begin_value = 0;
+ static constexpr difference_type end_value = begin_value + 1;
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ /// iterator as signed integer type
+ difference_type m_it = (std::numeric_limits<std::ptrdiff_t>::min)();
+
+ public:
+ constexpr difference_type get_value() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_it;
+ }
+
+ /// set iterator to a defined beginning
+ void set_begin() noexcept
+ {
+ m_it = begin_value;
+ }
+
+ /// set iterator to a defined past the end
+ void set_end() noexcept
+ {
+ m_it = end_value;
+ }
+
+ /// return whether the iterator can be dereferenced
+ constexpr bool is_begin() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_it == begin_value;
+ }
+
+ /// return whether the iterator is at end
+ constexpr bool is_end() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_it == end_value;
+ }
+
+ friend constexpr bool operator==(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs.m_it == rhs.m_it;
+ }
+
+ friend constexpr bool operator<(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs.m_it < rhs.m_it;
+ }
+
+ primitive_iterator_t operator+(difference_type n) noexcept
+ {
+ auto result = *this;
+ result += n;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ friend constexpr difference_type operator-(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs.m_it - rhs.m_it;
+ }
+
+ primitive_iterator_t& operator++() noexcept
+ {
+ ++m_it;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ primitive_iterator_t operator++(int)& noexcept // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+ {
+ auto result = *this;
+ ++m_it;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ primitive_iterator_t& operator--() noexcept
+ {
+ --m_it;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ primitive_iterator_t operator--(int)& noexcept // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+ {
+ auto result = *this;
+ --m_it;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ primitive_iterator_t& operator+=(difference_type n) noexcept
+ {
+ m_it += n;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ primitive_iterator_t& operator-=(difference_type n) noexcept
+ {
+ m_it -= n;
+ return *this;
+ }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/*!
+@brief an iterator value
+
+@note This structure could easily be a union, but MSVC currently does not allow
+unions members with complex constructors, see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/105.
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType> struct internal_iterator
+{
+ /// iterator for JSON objects
+ typename BasicJsonType::object_t::iterator object_iterator {};
+ /// iterator for JSON arrays
+ typename BasicJsonType::array_t::iterator array_iterator {};
+ /// generic iterator for all other types
+ primitive_iterator_t primitive_iterator {};
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iter_impl.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <iterator> // iterator, random_access_iterator_tag, bidirectional_iterator_tag, advance, next
+#include <type_traits> // conditional, is_const, remove_const
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/internal_iterator.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/primitive_iterator.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// forward declare, to be able to friend it later on
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy;
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value;
+
+/*!
+@brief a template for a bidirectional iterator for the @ref basic_json class
+This class implements a both iterators (iterator and const_iterator) for the
+@ref basic_json class.
+@note An iterator is called *initialized* when a pointer to a JSON value has
+ been set (e.g., by a constructor or a copy assignment). If the iterator is
+ default-constructed, it is *uninitialized* and most methods are undefined.
+ **The library uses assertions to detect calls on uninitialized iterators.**
+@requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
+-
+[BidirectionalIterator](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/BidirectionalIterator):
+ The iterator that can be moved can be moved in both directions (i.e.
+ incremented and decremented).
+@since version 1.0.0, simplified in version 2.0.9, change to bidirectional
+ iterators in version 3.0.0 (see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/593)
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-special-member-functions)
+{
+ /// the iterator with BasicJsonType of different const-ness
+ using other_iter_impl = iter_impl<typename std::conditional<std::is_const<BasicJsonType>::value, typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type, const BasicJsonType>::type>;
+ /// allow basic_json to access private members
+ friend other_iter_impl;
+ friend BasicJsonType;
+ friend iteration_proxy<iter_impl>;
+ friend iteration_proxy_value<iter_impl>;
+
+ using object_t = typename BasicJsonType::object_t;
+ using array_t = typename BasicJsonType::array_t;
+ // make sure BasicJsonType is basic_json or const basic_json
+ static_assert(is_basic_json<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type>::value,
+ "iter_impl only accepts (const) basic_json");
+ // superficial check for the LegacyBidirectionalIterator named requirement
+ static_assert(std::is_base_of<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag>::value
+ && std::is_base_of<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag, typename std::iterator_traits<typename array_t::iterator>::iterator_category>::value,
+ "basic_json iterator assumes array and object type iterators satisfy the LegacyBidirectionalIterator named requirement.");
+
+ public:
+ /// The std::iterator class template (used as a base class to provide typedefs) is deprecated in C++17.
+ /// The C++ Standard has never required user-defined iterators to derive from std::iterator.
+ /// A user-defined iterator should provide publicly accessible typedefs named
+ /// iterator_category, value_type, difference_type, pointer, and reference.
+ /// Note that value_type is required to be non-const, even for constant iterators.
+ using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
+
+ /// the type of the values when the iterator is dereferenced
+ using value_type = typename BasicJsonType::value_type;
+ /// a type to represent differences between iterators
+ using difference_type = typename BasicJsonType::difference_type;
+ /// defines a pointer to the type iterated over (value_type)
+ using pointer = typename std::conditional<std::is_const<BasicJsonType>::value,
+ typename BasicJsonType::const_pointer,
+ typename BasicJsonType::pointer>::type;
+ /// defines a reference to the type iterated over (value_type)
+ using reference =
+ typename std::conditional<std::is_const<BasicJsonType>::value,
+ typename BasicJsonType::const_reference,
+ typename BasicJsonType::reference>::type;
+
+ iter_impl() = default;
+ ~iter_impl() = default;
+ iter_impl(iter_impl&&) noexcept = default;
+ iter_impl& operator=(iter_impl&&) noexcept = default;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief constructor for a given JSON instance
+ @param[in] object pointer to a JSON object for this iterator
+ @pre object != nullptr
+ @post The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ explicit iter_impl(pointer object) noexcept : m_object(object)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ m_it.object_iterator = typename object_t::iterator();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ m_it.array_iterator = typename array_t::iterator();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ m_it.primitive_iterator = primitive_iterator_t();
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @note The conventional copy constructor and copy assignment are implicitly
+ defined. Combined with the following converting constructor and
+ assignment, they support: (1) copy from iterator to iterator, (2)
+ copy from const iterator to const iterator, and (3) conversion from
+ iterator to const iterator. However conversion from const iterator
+ to iterator is not defined.
+ */
+
+ /*!
+ @brief const copy constructor
+ @param[in] other const iterator to copy from
+ @note This copy constructor had to be defined explicitly to circumvent a bug
+ occurring on msvc v19.0 compiler (VS 2015) debug build. For more
+ information refer to: https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1608
+ */
+ iter_impl(const iter_impl<const BasicJsonType>& other) noexcept
+ : m_object(other.m_object), m_it(other.m_it)
+ {}
+
+ /*!
+ @brief converting assignment
+ @param[in] other const iterator to copy from
+ @return const/non-const iterator
+ @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized.
+ */
+ iter_impl& operator=(const iter_impl<const BasicJsonType>& other) noexcept
+ {
+ if (&other != this)
+ {
+ m_object = other.m_object;
+ m_it = other.m_it;
+ }
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief converting constructor
+ @param[in] other non-const iterator to copy from
+ @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized.
+ */
+ iter_impl(const iter_impl<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type>& other) noexcept
+ : m_object(other.m_object), m_it(other.m_it)
+ {}
+
+ /*!
+ @brief converting assignment
+ @param[in] other non-const iterator to copy from
+ @return const/non-const iterator
+ @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized.
+ */
+ iter_impl& operator=(const iter_impl<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type>& other) noexcept // NOLINT(cert-oop54-cpp)
+ {
+ m_object = other.m_object;
+ m_it = other.m_it;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ /*!
+ @brief set the iterator to the first value
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ void set_begin() noexcept
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ m_it.object_iterator = m_object->m_data.m_value.object->begin();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ m_it.array_iterator = m_object->m_data.m_value.array->begin();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ // set to end so begin()==end() is true: null is empty
+ m_it.primitive_iterator.set_end();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ m_it.primitive_iterator.set_begin();
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief set the iterator past the last value
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ void set_end() noexcept
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ m_it.object_iterator = m_object->m_data.m_value.object->end();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ m_it.array_iterator = m_object->m_data.m_value.array->end();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ m_it.primitive_iterator.set_end();
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ public:
+ /*!
+ @brief return a reference to the value pointed to by the iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ reference operator*() const
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_data.m_value.object->end());
+ return m_it.object_iterator->second;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_data.m_value.array->end());
+ return *m_it.array_iterator;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()))
+ {
+ return *m_object;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief dereference the iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ pointer operator->() const
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_data.m_value.object->end());
+ return &(m_it.object_iterator->second);
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_data.m_value.array->end());
+ return &*m_it.array_iterator;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()))
+ {
+ return m_object;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief post-increment (it++)
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ iter_impl operator++(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+ {
+ auto result = *this;
+ ++(*this);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief pre-increment (++it)
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ iter_impl& operator++()
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ std::advance(m_it.object_iterator, 1);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, 1);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ ++m_it.primitive_iterator;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief post-decrement (it--)
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ iter_impl operator--(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+ {
+ auto result = *this;
+ --(*this);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief pre-decrement (--it)
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ iter_impl& operator--()
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ std::advance(m_it.object_iterator, -1);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, -1);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ --m_it.primitive_iterator;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief comparison: equal
+ @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
+ */
+ template < typename IterImpl, detail::enable_if_t < (std::is_same<IterImpl, iter_impl>::value || std::is_same<IterImpl, other_iter_impl>::value), std::nullptr_t > = nullptr >
+ bool operator==(const IterImpl& other) const
+ {
+ // if objects are not the same, the comparison is undefined
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(m_object != other.m_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers", m_object));
+ }
+
+ // value-initialized forward iterators can be compared, and must compare equal to other value-initialized iterators of the same type #4493
+ if (m_object == nullptr)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ return (m_it.object_iterator == other.m_it.object_iterator);
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ return (m_it.array_iterator == other.m_it.array_iterator);
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ return (m_it.primitive_iterator == other.m_it.primitive_iterator);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief comparison: not equal
+ @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
+ */
+ template < typename IterImpl, detail::enable_if_t < (std::is_same<IterImpl, iter_impl>::value || std::is_same<IterImpl, other_iter_impl>::value), std::nullptr_t > = nullptr >
+ bool operator!=(const IterImpl& other) const
+ {
+ return !operator==(other);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief comparison: smaller
+ @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
+ */
+ bool operator<(const iter_impl& other) const
+ {
+ // if objects are not the same, the comparison is undefined
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(m_object != other.m_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers", m_object));
+ }
+
+ // value-initialized forward iterators can be compared, and must compare equal to other value-initialized iterators of the same type #4493
+ if (m_object == nullptr)
+ {
+ // the iterators are both value-initialized and are to be considered equal, but this function checks for smaller, so we return false
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(213, "cannot compare order of object iterators", m_object));
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ return (m_it.array_iterator < other.m_it.array_iterator);
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ return (m_it.primitive_iterator < other.m_it.primitive_iterator);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief comparison: less than or equal
+ @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
+ */
+ bool operator<=(const iter_impl& other) const
+ {
+ return !other.operator < (*this);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief comparison: greater than
+ @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
+ */
+ bool operator>(const iter_impl& other) const
+ {
+ return !operator<=(other);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief comparison: greater than or equal
+ @pre (1) The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
+ */
+ bool operator>=(const iter_impl& other) const
+ {
+ return !operator<(other);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief add to iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ iter_impl& operator+=(difference_type i)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(209, "cannot use offsets with object iterators", m_object));
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, i);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ m_it.primitive_iterator += i;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief subtract from iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ iter_impl& operator-=(difference_type i)
+ {
+ return operator+=(-i);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief add to iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ iter_impl operator+(difference_type i) const
+ {
+ auto result = *this;
+ result += i;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief addition of distance and iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ friend iter_impl operator+(difference_type i, const iter_impl& it)
+ {
+ auto result = it;
+ result += i;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief subtract from iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ iter_impl operator-(difference_type i) const
+ {
+ auto result = *this;
+ result -= i;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief return difference
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ difference_type operator-(const iter_impl& other) const
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(209, "cannot use offsets with object iterators", m_object));
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ return m_it.array_iterator - other.m_it.array_iterator;
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ return m_it.primitive_iterator - other.m_it.primitive_iterator;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief access to successor
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ reference operator[](difference_type n) const
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(208, "cannot use operator[] for object iterators", m_object));
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ return *std::next(m_it.array_iterator, n);
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.get_value() == -n))
+ {
+ return *m_object;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief return the key of an object iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ const typename object_t::key_type& key() const
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_object->is_object()))
+ {
+ return m_it.object_iterator->first;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(207, "cannot use key() for non-object iterators", m_object));
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief return the value of an iterator
+ @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+ */
+ reference value() const
+ {
+ return operator*();
+ }
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ /// associated JSON instance
+ pointer m_object = nullptr;
+ /// the actual iterator of the associated instance
+ internal_iterator<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type> m_it {};
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iteration_proxy.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/json_reverse_iterator.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstddef> // ptrdiff_t
+#include <iterator> // reverse_iterator
+#include <utility> // declval
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+//////////////////////
+// reverse_iterator //
+//////////////////////
+
+/*!
+@brief a template for a reverse iterator class
+
+@tparam Base the base iterator type to reverse. Valid types are @ref
+iterator (to create @ref reverse_iterator) and @ref const_iterator (to
+create @ref const_reverse_iterator).
+
+@requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
+-
+[BidirectionalIterator](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/BidirectionalIterator):
+ The iterator that can be moved can be moved in both directions (i.e.
+ incremented and decremented).
+- [OutputIterator](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/OutputIterator):
+ It is possible to write to the pointed-to element (only if @a Base is
+ @ref iterator).
+
+@since version 1.0.0
+*/
+template<typename Base>
+class json_reverse_iterator : public std::reverse_iterator<Base>
+{
+ public:
+ using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+ /// shortcut to the reverse iterator adapter
+ using base_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<Base>;
+ /// the reference type for the pointed-to element
+ using reference = typename Base::reference;
+
+ /// create reverse iterator from iterator
+ explicit json_reverse_iterator(const typename base_iterator::iterator_type& it) noexcept
+ : base_iterator(it) {}
+
+ /// create reverse iterator from base class
+ explicit json_reverse_iterator(const base_iterator& it) noexcept : base_iterator(it) {}
+
+ /// post-increment (it++)
+ json_reverse_iterator operator++(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+ {
+ return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator>(base_iterator::operator++(1));
+ }
+
+ /// pre-increment (++it)
+ json_reverse_iterator& operator++()
+ {
+ return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator&>(base_iterator::operator++());
+ }
+
+ /// post-decrement (it--)
+ json_reverse_iterator operator--(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+ {
+ return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator>(base_iterator::operator--(1));
+ }
+
+ /// pre-decrement (--it)
+ json_reverse_iterator& operator--()
+ {
+ return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator&>(base_iterator::operator--());
+ }
+
+ /// add to iterator
+ json_reverse_iterator& operator+=(difference_type i)
+ {
+ return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator&>(base_iterator::operator+=(i));
+ }
+
+ /// add to iterator
+ json_reverse_iterator operator+(difference_type i) const
+ {
+ return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator>(base_iterator::operator+(i));
+ }
+
+ /// subtract from iterator
+ json_reverse_iterator operator-(difference_type i) const
+ {
+ return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator>(base_iterator::operator-(i));
+ }
+
+ /// return difference
+ difference_type operator-(const json_reverse_iterator& other) const
+ {
+ return base_iterator(*this) - base_iterator(other);
+ }
+
+ /// access to successor
+ reference operator[](difference_type n) const
+ {
+ return *(this->operator+(n));
+ }
+
+ /// return the key of an object iterator
+ auto key() const -> decltype(std::declval<Base>().key())
+ {
+ auto it = --this->base();
+ return it.key();
+ }
+
+ /// return the value of an iterator
+ reference value() const
+ {
+ auto it = --this->base();
+ return it.operator * ();
+ }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/primitive_iterator.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/json_custom_base_class.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <type_traits> // conditional, is_same
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/*!
+@brief Default base class of the @ref basic_json class.
+
+So that the correct implementations of the copy / move ctors / assign operators
+of @ref basic_json do not require complex case distinctions
+(no base class / custom base class used as customization point),
+@ref basic_json always has a base class.
+By default, this class is used because it is empty and thus has no effect
+on the behavior of @ref basic_json.
+*/
+struct json_default_base {};
+
+template<class T>
+using json_base_class = typename std::conditional <
+ std::is_same<T, void>::value,
+ json_default_base,
+ T
+ >::type;
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/json_pointer.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <algorithm> // all_of
+#include <cctype> // isdigit
+#include <cerrno> // errno, ERANGE
+#include <cstdlib> // strtoull
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+ #include <iosfwd> // ostream
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+#include <limits> // max
+#include <numeric> // accumulate
+#include <string> // string
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_escape.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/// @brief JSON Pointer defines a string syntax for identifying a specific value within a JSON document
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/
+template<typename RefStringType>
+class json_pointer
+{
+ // allow basic_json to access private members
+ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
+ friend class basic_json;
+
+ template<typename>
+ friend class json_pointer;
+
+ template<typename T>
+ struct string_t_helper
+ {
+ using type = T;
+ };
+
+ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
+ struct string_t_helper<NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL>
+ {
+ using type = StringType;
+ };
+
+ public:
+ // for backwards compatibility accept BasicJsonType
+ using string_t = typename string_t_helper<RefStringType>::type;
+
+ /// @brief create JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/json_pointer/
+ explicit json_pointer(const string_t& s = "")
+ : reference_tokens(split(s))
+ {}
+
+ /// @brief return a string representation of the JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/to_string/
+ string_t to_string() const
+ {
+ return std::accumulate(reference_tokens.begin(), reference_tokens.end(),
+ string_t{},
+ [](const string_t& a, const string_t& b)
+ {
+ return detail::concat(a, '/', detail::escape(b));
+ });
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return a string representation of the JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_string/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, to_string())
+ operator string_t() const
+ {
+ return to_string();
+ }
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+ /// @brief write string representation of the JSON pointer to stream
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ltlt/
+ friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const json_pointer& ptr)
+ {
+ o << ptr.to_string();
+ return o;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /// @brief append another JSON pointer at the end of this JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_slasheq/
+ json_pointer& operator/=(const json_pointer& ptr)
+ {
+ reference_tokens.insert(reference_tokens.end(),
+ ptr.reference_tokens.begin(),
+ ptr.reference_tokens.end());
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief append an unescaped reference token at the end of this JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_slasheq/
+ json_pointer& operator/=(string_t token)
+ {
+ push_back(std::move(token));
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief append an array index at the end of this JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_slasheq/
+ json_pointer& operator/=(std::size_t array_idx)
+ {
+ return *this /= std::to_string(array_idx);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a new JSON pointer by appending the right JSON pointer at the end of the left JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_slash/
+ friend json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs,
+ const json_pointer& rhs)
+ {
+ return json_pointer(lhs) /= rhs;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a new JSON pointer by appending the unescaped token at the end of the JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_slash/
+ friend json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs, string_t token) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ return json_pointer(lhs) /= std::move(token);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a new JSON pointer by appending the array-index-token at the end of the JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_slash/
+ friend json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs, std::size_t array_idx)
+ {
+ return json_pointer(lhs) /= array_idx;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns the parent of this JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/parent_pointer/
+ json_pointer parent_pointer() const
+ {
+ if (empty())
+ {
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ json_pointer res = *this;
+ res.pop_back();
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief remove last reference token
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/pop_back/
+ void pop_back()
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(empty()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(405, "JSON pointer has no parent", nullptr));
+ }
+
+ reference_tokens.pop_back();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return last reference token
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/back/
+ const string_t& back() const
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(empty()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(405, "JSON pointer has no parent", nullptr));
+ }
+
+ return reference_tokens.back();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief append an unescaped token at the end of the reference pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/push_back/
+ void push_back(const string_t& token)
+ {
+ reference_tokens.push_back(token);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief append an unescaped token at the end of the reference pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/push_back/
+ void push_back(string_t&& token)
+ {
+ reference_tokens.push_back(std::move(token));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether pointer points to the root document
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/empty/
+ bool empty() const noexcept
+ {
+ return reference_tokens.empty();
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /*!
+ @param[in] s reference token to be converted into an array index
+
+ @return integer representation of @a s
+
+ @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0'
+ @throw parse_error.109 if an array index begins not with a digit
+ @throw out_of_range.404 if string @a s could not be converted to an integer
+ @throw out_of_range.410 if an array index exceeds size_type
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static typename BasicJsonType::size_type array_index(const string_t& s)
+ {
+ using size_type = typename BasicJsonType::size_type;
+
+ // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4)
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(s.size() > 1 && s[0] == '0'))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(106, 0, detail::concat("array index '", s, "' must not begin with '0'"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4)
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(s.size() > 1 && !(s[0] >= '1' && s[0] <= '9')))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(109, 0, detail::concat("array index '", s, "' is not a number"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ const char* p = s.c_str();
+ char* p_end = nullptr; // NOLINT(misc-const-correctness)
+ errno = 0; // strtoull doesn't reset errno
+ const unsigned long long res = std::strtoull(p, &p_end, 10); // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+ if (p == p_end // invalid input or empty string
+ || errno == ERANGE // out of range
+ || JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(static_cast<std::size_t>(p_end - p) != s.size())) // incomplete read
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, detail::concat("unresolved reference token '", s, "'"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // only triggered on special platforms (like 32bit), see also
+ // https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/2203
+ if (res >= static_cast<unsigned long long>((std::numeric_limits<size_type>::max)())) // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(410, detail::concat("array index ", s, " exceeds size_type"), nullptr)); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+
+ return static_cast<size_type>(res);
+ }
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ json_pointer top() const
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(empty()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(405, "JSON pointer has no parent", nullptr));
+ }
+
+ json_pointer result = *this;
+ result.reference_tokens = {reference_tokens[0]};
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /*!
+ @brief create and return a reference to the pointed to value
+
+ @complexity Linear in the number of reference tokens.
+
+ @throw parse_error.109 if array index is not a number
+ @throw type_error.313 if value cannot be unflattened
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ BasicJsonType& get_and_create(BasicJsonType& j) const
+ {
+ auto* result = &j;
+
+ // in case no reference tokens exist, return a reference to the JSON value
+ // j which will be overwritten by a primitive value
+ for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
+ {
+ switch (result->type())
+ {
+ case detail::value_t::null:
+ {
+ if (reference_token == "0")
+ {
+ // start a new array if reference token is 0
+ result = &result->operator[](0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // start a new object otherwise
+ result = &result->operator[](reference_token);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::object:
+ {
+ // create an entry in the object
+ result = &result->operator[](reference_token);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::array:
+ {
+ // create an entry in the array
+ result = &result->operator[](array_index<BasicJsonType>(reference_token));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ The following code is only reached if there exists a reference
+ token _and_ the current value is primitive. In this case, we have
+ an error situation, because primitive values may only occur as
+ single value; that is, with an empty list of reference tokens.
+ */
+ case detail::value_t::string:
+ case detail::value_t::boolean:
+ case detail::value_t::number_integer:
+ case detail::value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case detail::value_t::number_float:
+ case detail::value_t::binary:
+ case detail::value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(313, "invalid value to unflatten", &j));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return *result;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief return a reference to the pointed to value
+
+ @note This version does not throw if a value is not present, but tries to
+ create nested values instead. For instance, calling this function
+ with pointer `"/this/that"` on a null value is equivalent to calling
+ `operator[]("this").operator[]("that")` on that value, effectively
+ changing the null value to an object.
+
+ @param[in] ptr a JSON value
+
+ @return reference to the JSON value pointed to by the JSON pointer
+
+ @complexity Linear in the length of the JSON pointer.
+
+ @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0'
+ @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number
+ @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ BasicJsonType& get_unchecked(BasicJsonType* ptr) const
+ {
+ for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
+ {
+ // convert null values to arrays or objects before continuing
+ if (ptr->is_null())
+ {
+ // check if reference token is a number
+ const bool nums =
+ std::all_of(reference_token.begin(), reference_token.end(),
+ [](const unsigned char x)
+ {
+ return std::isdigit(x);
+ });
+
+ // change value to array for numbers or "-" or to object otherwise
+ *ptr = (nums || reference_token == "-")
+ ? detail::value_t::array
+ : detail::value_t::object;
+ }
+
+ switch (ptr->type())
+ {
+ case detail::value_t::object:
+ {
+ // use unchecked object access
+ ptr = &ptr->operator[](reference_token);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (reference_token == "-")
+ {
+ // explicitly treat "-" as index beyond the end
+ ptr = &ptr->operator[](ptr->m_data.m_value.array->size());
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // convert array index to number; unchecked access
+ ptr = &ptr->operator[](array_index<BasicJsonType>(reference_token));
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::null:
+ case detail::value_t::string:
+ case detail::value_t::boolean:
+ case detail::value_t::number_integer:
+ case detail::value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case detail::value_t::number_float:
+ case detail::value_t::binary:
+ case detail::value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, detail::concat("unresolved reference token '", reference_token, "'"), ptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return *ptr;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0'
+ @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number
+ @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used
+ @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ BasicJsonType& get_checked(BasicJsonType* ptr) const
+ {
+ for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
+ {
+ switch (ptr->type())
+ {
+ case detail::value_t::object:
+ {
+ // note: at performs range check
+ ptr = &ptr->at(reference_token);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token == "-"))
+ {
+ // "-" always fails the range check
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(402, detail::concat(
+ "array index '-' (", std::to_string(ptr->m_data.m_value.array->size()),
+ ") is out of range"), ptr));
+ }
+
+ // note: at performs range check
+ ptr = &ptr->at(array_index<BasicJsonType>(reference_token));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::null:
+ case detail::value_t::string:
+ case detail::value_t::boolean:
+ case detail::value_t::number_integer:
+ case detail::value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case detail::value_t::number_float:
+ case detail::value_t::binary:
+ case detail::value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, detail::concat("unresolved reference token '", reference_token, "'"), ptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return *ptr;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief return a const reference to the pointed to value
+
+ @param[in] ptr a JSON value
+
+ @return const reference to the JSON value pointed to by the JSON
+ pointer
+
+ @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0'
+ @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number
+ @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used
+ @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ const BasicJsonType& get_unchecked(const BasicJsonType* ptr) const
+ {
+ for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
+ {
+ switch (ptr->type())
+ {
+ case detail::value_t::object:
+ {
+ // use unchecked object access
+ ptr = &ptr->operator[](reference_token);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token == "-"))
+ {
+ // "-" cannot be used for const access
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(402, detail::concat("array index '-' (", std::to_string(ptr->m_data.m_value.array->size()), ") is out of range"), ptr));
+ }
+
+ // use unchecked array access
+ ptr = &ptr->operator[](array_index<BasicJsonType>(reference_token));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::null:
+ case detail::value_t::string:
+ case detail::value_t::boolean:
+ case detail::value_t::number_integer:
+ case detail::value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case detail::value_t::number_float:
+ case detail::value_t::binary:
+ case detail::value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, detail::concat("unresolved reference token '", reference_token, "'"), ptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return *ptr;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0'
+ @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number
+ @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used
+ @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ const BasicJsonType& get_checked(const BasicJsonType* ptr) const
+ {
+ for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
+ {
+ switch (ptr->type())
+ {
+ case detail::value_t::object:
+ {
+ // note: at performs range check
+ ptr = &ptr->at(reference_token);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token == "-"))
+ {
+ // "-" always fails the range check
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(402, detail::concat(
+ "array index '-' (", std::to_string(ptr->m_data.m_value.array->size()),
+ ") is out of range"), ptr));
+ }
+
+ // note: at performs range check
+ ptr = &ptr->at(array_index<BasicJsonType>(reference_token));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::null:
+ case detail::value_t::string:
+ case detail::value_t::boolean:
+ case detail::value_t::number_integer:
+ case detail::value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case detail::value_t::number_float:
+ case detail::value_t::binary:
+ case detail::value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, detail::concat("unresolved reference token '", reference_token, "'"), ptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return *ptr;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0'
+ @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ bool contains(const BasicJsonType* ptr) const
+ {
+ for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
+ {
+ switch (ptr->type())
+ {
+ case detail::value_t::object:
+ {
+ if (!ptr->contains(reference_token))
+ {
+ // we did not find the key in the object
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ ptr = &ptr->operator[](reference_token);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token == "-"))
+ {
+ // "-" always fails the range check
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() == 1 && !("0" <= reference_token && reference_token <= "9")))
+ {
+ // invalid char
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() > 1))
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!('1' <= reference_token[0] && reference_token[0] <= '9')))
+ {
+ // first char should be between '1' and '9'
+ return false;
+ }
+ for (std::size_t i = 1; i < reference_token.size(); i++)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!('0' <= reference_token[i] && reference_token[i] <= '9')))
+ {
+ // other char should be between '0' and '9'
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ const auto idx = array_index<BasicJsonType>(reference_token);
+ if (idx >= ptr->size())
+ {
+ // index out of range
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ ptr = &ptr->operator[](idx);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::null:
+ case detail::value_t::string:
+ case detail::value_t::boolean:
+ case detail::value_t::number_integer:
+ case detail::value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case detail::value_t::number_float:
+ case detail::value_t::binary:
+ case detail::value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ // we do not expect primitive values if there is still a
+ // reference token to process
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // no reference token left means we found a primitive value
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief split the string input to reference tokens
+
+ @note This function is only called by the json_pointer constructor.
+ All exceptions below are documented there.
+
+ @throw parse_error.107 if the pointer is not empty or begins with '/'
+ @throw parse_error.108 if character '~' is not followed by '0' or '1'
+ */
+ static std::vector<string_t> split(const string_t& reference_string)
+ {
+ std::vector<string_t> result;
+
+ // special case: empty reference string -> no reference tokens
+ if (reference_string.empty())
+ {
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ // check if nonempty reference string begins with slash
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_string[0] != '/'))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(107, 1, detail::concat("JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: '", reference_string, "'"), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // extract the reference tokens:
+ // - slash: position of the last read slash (or end of string)
+ // - start: position after the previous slash
+ for (
+ // search for the first slash after the first character
+ std::size_t slash = reference_string.find_first_of('/', 1),
+ // set the beginning of the first reference token
+ start = 1;
+ // we can stop if start == 0 (if slash == string_t::npos)
+ start != 0;
+ // set the beginning of the next reference token
+ // (will eventually be 0 if slash == string_t::npos)
+ start = (slash == string_t::npos) ? 0 : slash + 1,
+ // find next slash
+ slash = reference_string.find_first_of('/', start))
+ {
+ // use the text between the beginning of the reference token
+ // (start) and the last slash (slash).
+ auto reference_token = reference_string.substr(start, slash - start);
+
+ // check reference tokens are properly escaped
+ for (std::size_t pos = reference_token.find_first_of('~');
+ pos != string_t::npos;
+ pos = reference_token.find_first_of('~', pos + 1))
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(reference_token[pos] == '~');
+
+ // ~ must be followed by 0 or 1
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(pos == reference_token.size() - 1 ||
+ (reference_token[pos + 1] != '0' &&
+ reference_token[pos + 1] != '1')))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(108, 0, "escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'", nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ // finally, store the reference token
+ detail::unescape(reference_token);
+ result.push_back(reference_token);
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /*!
+ @param[in] reference_string the reference string to the current value
+ @param[in] value the value to consider
+ @param[in,out] result the result object to insert values to
+
+ @note Empty objects or arrays are flattened to `null`.
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static void flatten(const string_t& reference_string,
+ const BasicJsonType& value,
+ BasicJsonType& result)
+ {
+ switch (value.type())
+ {
+ case detail::value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (value.m_data.m_value.array->empty())
+ {
+ // flatten empty array as null
+ result[reference_string] = nullptr;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // iterate array and use index as reference string
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < value.m_data.m_value.array->size(); ++i)
+ {
+ flatten(detail::concat<string_t>(reference_string, '/', std::to_string(i)),
+ value.m_data.m_value.array->operator[](i), result);
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::object:
+ {
+ if (value.m_data.m_value.object->empty())
+ {
+ // flatten empty object as null
+ result[reference_string] = nullptr;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // iterate object and use keys as reference string
+ for (const auto& element : *value.m_data.m_value.object)
+ {
+ flatten(detail::concat<string_t>(reference_string, '/', detail::escape(element.first)), element.second, result);
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case detail::value_t::null:
+ case detail::value_t::string:
+ case detail::value_t::boolean:
+ case detail::value_t::number_integer:
+ case detail::value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case detail::value_t::number_float:
+ case detail::value_t::binary:
+ case detail::value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ // add primitive value with its reference string
+ result[reference_string] = value;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] value flattened JSON
+
+ @return unflattened JSON
+
+ @throw parse_error.109 if array index is not a number
+ @throw type_error.314 if value is not an object
+ @throw type_error.315 if object values are not primitive
+ @throw type_error.313 if value cannot be unflattened
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ static BasicJsonType
+ unflatten(const BasicJsonType& value)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!value.is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(314, "only objects can be unflattened", &value));
+ }
+
+ BasicJsonType result;
+
+ // iterate the JSON object values
+ for (const auto& element : *value.m_data.m_value.object)
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!element.second.is_primitive()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(315, "values in object must be primitive", &element.second));
+ }
+
+ // assign value to reference pointed to by JSON pointer; Note that if
+ // the JSON pointer is "" (i.e., points to the whole value), function
+ // get_and_create returns a reference to result itself. An assignment
+ // will then create a primitive value.
+ json_pointer(element.first).get_and_create(result) = element.second;
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ // can't use conversion operator because of ambiguity
+ json_pointer<string_t> convert() const&
+ {
+ json_pointer<string_t> result;
+ result.reference_tokens = reference_tokens;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ json_pointer<string_t> convert()&&
+ {
+ json_pointer<string_t> result;
+ result.reference_tokens = std::move(reference_tokens);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ public:
+#if JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+ /// @brief compares two JSON pointers for equality
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_eq/
+ template<typename RefStringTypeRhs>
+ bool operator==(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+ return reference_tokens == rhs.reference_tokens;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief compares JSON pointer and string for equality
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_eq/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.2, operator==(json_pointer))
+ bool operator==(const string_t& rhs) const
+ {
+ return *this == json_pointer(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief 3-way compares two JSON pointers
+ template<typename RefStringTypeRhs>
+ std::strong_ordering operator<=>(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) const noexcept // *NOPAD*
+ {
+ return reference_tokens <=> rhs.reference_tokens; // *NOPAD*
+ }
+#else
+ /// @brief compares two JSON pointers for equality
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_eq/
+ template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-redundant-declaration)
+ friend bool operator==(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept;
+
+ /// @brief compares JSON pointer and string for equality
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_eq/
+ template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename StringType>
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-redundant-declaration)
+ friend bool operator==(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const StringType& rhs);
+
+ /// @brief compares string and JSON pointer for equality
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_eq/
+ template<typename RefStringTypeRhs, typename StringType>
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-redundant-declaration)
+ friend bool operator==(const StringType& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs);
+
+ /// @brief compares two JSON pointers for inequality
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_ne/
+ template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-redundant-declaration)
+ friend bool operator!=(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept;
+
+ /// @brief compares JSON pointer and string for inequality
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_ne/
+ template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename StringType>
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-redundant-declaration)
+ friend bool operator!=(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const StringType& rhs);
+
+ /// @brief compares string and JSON pointer for inequality
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_ne/
+ template<typename RefStringTypeRhs, typename StringType>
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-redundant-declaration)
+ friend bool operator!=(const StringType& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs);
+
+ /// @brief compares two JSON pointer for less-than
+ template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-redundant-declaration)
+ friend bool operator<(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept;
+#endif
+
+ private:
+ /// the reference tokens
+ std::vector<string_t> reference_tokens;
+};
+
+#if !JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+// functions cannot be defined inside class due to ODR violations
+template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
+inline bool operator==(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept
+{
+ return lhs.reference_tokens == rhs.reference_tokens;
+}
+
+template<typename RefStringTypeLhs,
+ typename StringType = typename json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>::string_t>
+JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.2, operator==(json_pointer, json_pointer))
+inline bool operator==(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const StringType& rhs)
+{
+ return lhs == json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>(rhs);
+}
+
+template<typename RefStringTypeRhs,
+ typename StringType = typename json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>::string_t>
+JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.2, operator==(json_pointer, json_pointer))
+inline bool operator==(const StringType& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs)
+{
+ return json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>(lhs) == rhs;
+}
+
+template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
+inline bool operator!=(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept
+{
+ return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
+template<typename RefStringTypeLhs,
+ typename StringType = typename json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>::string_t>
+JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.2, operator!=(json_pointer, json_pointer))
+inline bool operator!=(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const StringType& rhs)
+{
+ return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
+template<typename RefStringTypeRhs,
+ typename StringType = typename json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>::string_t>
+JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.2, operator!=(json_pointer, json_pointer))
+inline bool operator!=(const StringType& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs)
+{
+ return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
+template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
+inline bool operator<(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
+ const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept
+{
+ return lhs.reference_tokens < rhs.reference_tokens;
+}
+#endif
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/json_ref.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <utility>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class json_ref
+{
+ public:
+ using value_type = BasicJsonType;
+
+ json_ref(value_type&& value)
+ : owned_value(std::move(value))
+ {}
+
+ json_ref(const value_type& value)
+ : value_ref(&value)
+ {}
+
+ json_ref(std::initializer_list<json_ref> init)
+ : owned_value(init)
+ {}
+
+ template <
+ class... Args,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_constructible<value_type, Args...>::value, int> = 0 >
+ json_ref(Args && ... args)
+ : owned_value(std::forward<Args>(args)...)
+ {}
+
+ // class should be movable only
+ json_ref(json_ref&&) noexcept = default;
+ json_ref(const json_ref&) = delete;
+ json_ref& operator=(const json_ref&) = delete;
+ json_ref& operator=(json_ref&&) = delete;
+ ~json_ref() = default;
+
+ value_type moved_or_copied() const
+ {
+ if (value_ref == nullptr)
+ {
+ return std::move(owned_value);
+ }
+ return *value_ref;
+ }
+
+ value_type const& operator*() const
+ {
+ return value_ref ? *value_ref : owned_value;
+ }
+
+ value_type const* operator->() const
+ {
+ return &** this;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ mutable value_type owned_value = nullptr;
+ value_type const* value_ref = nullptr;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_escape.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_utils.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/output/binary_writer.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <algorithm> // reverse
+#include <array> // array
+#include <map> // map
+#include <cmath> // isnan, isinf
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t, uint16_t, uint32_t, uint64_t
+#include <cstring> // memcpy
+#include <limits> // numeric_limits
+#include <string> // string
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/binary_reader.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/output/output_adapters.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <algorithm> // copy
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <iterator> // back_inserter
+#include <memory> // shared_ptr, make_shared
+#include <string> // basic_string
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+ #include <ios> // streamsize
+ #include <ostream> // basic_ostream
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/// abstract output adapter interface
+template<typename CharType> struct output_adapter_protocol
+{
+ virtual void write_character(CharType c) = 0;
+ virtual void write_characters(const CharType* s, std::size_t length) = 0;
+ virtual ~output_adapter_protocol() = default;
+
+ output_adapter_protocol() = default;
+ output_adapter_protocol(const output_adapter_protocol&) = default;
+ output_adapter_protocol(output_adapter_protocol&&) noexcept = default;
+ output_adapter_protocol& operator=(const output_adapter_protocol&) = default;
+ output_adapter_protocol& operator=(output_adapter_protocol&&) noexcept = default;
+};
+
+/// a type to simplify interfaces
+template<typename CharType>
+using output_adapter_t = std::shared_ptr<output_adapter_protocol<CharType>>;
+
+/// output adapter for byte vectors
+template<typename CharType, typename AllocatorType = std::allocator<CharType>>
+class output_vector_adapter : public output_adapter_protocol<CharType>
+{
+ public:
+ explicit output_vector_adapter(std::vector<CharType, AllocatorType>& vec) noexcept
+ : v(vec)
+ {}
+
+ void write_character(CharType c) override
+ {
+ v.push_back(c);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ void write_characters(const CharType* s, std::size_t length) override
+ {
+ v.insert(v.end(), s, s + length);
+ }
+
+ private:
+ std::vector<CharType, AllocatorType>& v;
+};
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+/// output adapter for output streams
+template<typename CharType>
+class output_stream_adapter : public output_adapter_protocol<CharType>
+{
+ public:
+ explicit output_stream_adapter(std::basic_ostream<CharType>& s) noexcept
+ : stream(s)
+ {}
+
+ void write_character(CharType c) override
+ {
+ stream.put(c);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ void write_characters(const CharType* s, std::size_t length) override
+ {
+ stream.write(s, static_cast<std::streamsize>(length));
+ }
+
+ private:
+ std::basic_ostream<CharType>& stream;
+};
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+
+/// output adapter for basic_string
+template<typename CharType, typename StringType = std::basic_string<CharType>>
+class output_string_adapter : public output_adapter_protocol<CharType>
+{
+ public:
+ explicit output_string_adapter(StringType& s) noexcept
+ : str(s)
+ {}
+
+ void write_character(CharType c) override
+ {
+ str.push_back(c);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ void write_characters(const CharType* s, std::size_t length) override
+ {
+ str.append(s, length);
+ }
+
+ private:
+ StringType& str;
+};
+
+template<typename CharType, typename StringType = std::basic_string<CharType>>
+class output_adapter
+{
+ public:
+ template<typename AllocatorType = std::allocator<CharType>>
+ output_adapter(std::vector<CharType, AllocatorType>& vec)
+ : oa(std::make_shared<output_vector_adapter<CharType, AllocatorType>>(vec)) {}
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+ output_adapter(std::basic_ostream<CharType>& s)
+ : oa(std::make_shared<output_stream_adapter<CharType>>(s)) {}
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+
+ output_adapter(StringType& s)
+ : oa(std::make_shared<output_string_adapter<CharType, StringType>>(s)) {}
+
+ operator output_adapter_t<CharType>()
+ {
+ return oa;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ output_adapter_t<CharType> oa = nullptr;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/// how to encode BJData
+enum class bjdata_version_t
+{
+ draft2,
+ draft3,
+};
+
+///////////////////
+// binary writer //
+///////////////////
+
+/*!
+@brief serialization to CBOR and MessagePack values
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CharType>
+class binary_writer
+{
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+
+ public:
+ /*!
+ @brief create a binary writer
+
+ @param[in] adapter output adapter to write to
+ */
+ explicit binary_writer(output_adapter_t<CharType> adapter) : oa(std::move(adapter))
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(oa);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] j JSON value to serialize
+ @pre j.type() == value_t::object
+ */
+ void write_bson(const BasicJsonType& j)
+ {
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ write_bson_object(*j.m_data.m_value.object);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::array:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(317, concat("to serialize to BSON, top-level type must be object, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] j JSON value to serialize
+ */
+ void write_cbor(const BasicJsonType& j)
+ {
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xF6));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ oa->write_character(j.m_data.m_value.boolean
+ ? to_char_type(0xF5)
+ : to_char_type(0xF4));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer >= 0)
+ {
+ // CBOR does not differentiate between positive signed
+ // integers and unsigned integers. Therefore, we used the
+ // code from the value_t::number_unsigned case here.
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= 0x17)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x18));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x19));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x1A));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x1B));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // The conversions below encode the sign in the first
+ // byte, and the value is converted to a positive number.
+ const auto positive_number = -1 - j.m_data.m_value.number_integer;
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer >= -24)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0x20 + positive_number));
+ }
+ else if (positive_number <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x38));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(positive_number));
+ }
+ else if (positive_number <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x39));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(positive_number));
+ }
+ else if (positive_number <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x3A));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(positive_number));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x3B));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(positive_number));
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= 0x17)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x18));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x19));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x1A));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x1B));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned));
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ if (std::isnan(j.m_data.m_value.number_float))
+ {
+ // NaN is 0xf97e00 in CBOR
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xF9));
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x7E));
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x00));
+ }
+ else if (std::isinf(j.m_data.m_value.number_float))
+ {
+ // Infinity is 0xf97c00, -Infinity is 0xf9fc00
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xf9));
+ oa->write_character(j.m_data.m_value.number_float > 0 ? to_char_type(0x7C) : to_char_type(0xFC));
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x00));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ write_compact_float(j.m_data.m_value.number_float, detail::input_format_t::cbor);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ // step 1: write control byte and the string length
+ const auto N = j.m_data.m_value.string->size();
+ if (N <= 0x17)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0x60 + N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x78));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x79));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x7A));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x7B));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(N));
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+
+ // step 2: write the string
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(j.m_data.m_value.string->c_str()),
+ j.m_data.m_value.string->size());
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ // step 1: write control byte and the array size
+ const auto N = j.m_data.m_value.array->size();
+ if (N <= 0x17)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0x80 + N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x98));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x99));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x9A));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x9B));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(N));
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+
+ // step 2: write each element
+ for (const auto& el : *j.m_data.m_value.array)
+ {
+ write_cbor(el);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.binary->has_subtype())
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype() <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0xd8));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype()));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype() <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0xd9));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype()));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype() <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0xda));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype()));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype() <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0xdb));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype()));
+ }
+ }
+
+ // step 1: write control byte and the binary array size
+ const auto N = j.m_data.m_value.binary->size();
+ if (N <= 0x17)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0x40 + N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x58));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x59));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x5A));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x5B));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(N));
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+
+ // step 2: write each element
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(j.m_data.m_value.binary->data()),
+ N);
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ // step 1: write control byte and the object size
+ const auto N = j.m_data.m_value.object->size();
+ if (N <= 0x17)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0xA0 + N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xB8));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xB9));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xBA));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xBB));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(N));
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+
+ // step 2: write each element
+ for (const auto& el : *j.m_data.m_value.object)
+ {
+ write_cbor(el.first);
+ write_cbor(el.second);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] j JSON value to serialize
+ */
+ void write_msgpack(const BasicJsonType& j)
+ {
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::null: // nil
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xC0));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::boolean: // true and false
+ {
+ oa->write_character(j.m_data.m_value.boolean
+ ? to_char_type(0xC3)
+ : to_char_type(0xC2));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer >= 0)
+ {
+ // MessagePack does not differentiate between positive
+ // signed integers and unsigned integers. Therefore, we used
+ // the code from the value_t::number_unsigned case here.
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned < 128)
+ {
+ // positive fixnum
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // uint 8
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xCC));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // uint 16
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xCD));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // uint 32
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xCE));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // uint 64
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xCF));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer >= -32)
+ {
+ // negative fixnum
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() &&
+ j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // int 8
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xD0));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() &&
+ j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // int 16
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xD1));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int16_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() &&
+ j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // int 32
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xD2));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int32_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::min)() &&
+ j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // int 64
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xD3));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned < 128)
+ {
+ // positive fixnum
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // uint 8
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xCC));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // uint 16
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xCD));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // uint 32
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xCE));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // uint 64
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xCF));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer));
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ write_compact_float(j.m_data.m_value.number_float, detail::input_format_t::msgpack);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ // step 1: write control byte and the string length
+ const auto N = j.m_data.m_value.string->size();
+ if (N <= 31)
+ {
+ // fixstr
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0xA0 | N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // str 8
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xD9));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // str 16
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xDA));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // str 32
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xDB));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
+ }
+
+ // step 2: write the string
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(j.m_data.m_value.string->c_str()),
+ j.m_data.m_value.string->size());
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ // step 1: write control byte and the array size
+ const auto N = j.m_data.m_value.array->size();
+ if (N <= 15)
+ {
+ // fixarray
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0x90 | N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // array 16
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xDC));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // array 32
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xDD));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
+ }
+
+ // step 2: write each element
+ for (const auto& el : *j.m_data.m_value.array)
+ {
+ write_msgpack(el);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ // step 0: determine if the binary type has a set subtype to
+ // determine whether to use the ext or fixext types
+ const bool use_ext = j.m_data.m_value.binary->has_subtype();
+
+ // step 1: write control byte and the byte string length
+ const auto N = j.m_data.m_value.binary->size();
+ if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ std::uint8_t output_type{};
+ bool fixed = true;
+ if (use_ext)
+ {
+ switch (N)
+ {
+ case 1:
+ output_type = 0xD4; // fixext 1
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ output_type = 0xD5; // fixext 2
+ break;
+ case 4:
+ output_type = 0xD6; // fixext 4
+ break;
+ case 8:
+ output_type = 0xD7; // fixext 8
+ break;
+ case 16:
+ output_type = 0xD8; // fixext 16
+ break;
+ default:
+ output_type = 0xC7; // ext 8
+ fixed = false;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ output_type = 0xC4; // bin 8
+ fixed = false;
+ }
+
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(output_type));
+ if (!fixed)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(N));
+ }
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ const std::uint8_t output_type = use_ext
+ ? 0xC8 // ext 16
+ : 0xC5; // bin 16
+
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(output_type));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ const std::uint8_t output_type = use_ext
+ ? 0xC9 // ext 32
+ : 0xC6; // bin 32
+
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(output_type));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
+ }
+
+ // step 1.5: if this is an ext type, write the subtype
+ if (use_ext)
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int8_t>(j.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype()));
+ }
+
+ // step 2: write the byte string
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(j.m_data.m_value.binary->data()),
+ N);
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ // step 1: write control byte and the object size
+ const auto N = j.m_data.m_value.object->size();
+ if (N <= 15)
+ {
+ // fixmap
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0x80 | (N & 0xF)));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // map 16
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xDE));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
+ }
+ else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ // map 32
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xDF));
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
+ }
+
+ // step 2: write each element
+ for (const auto& el : *j.m_data.m_value.object)
+ {
+ write_msgpack(el.first);
+ write_msgpack(el.second);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] j JSON value to serialize
+ @param[in] use_count whether to use '#' prefixes (optimized format)
+ @param[in] use_type whether to use '$' prefixes (optimized format)
+ @param[in] add_prefix whether prefixes need to be used for this value
+ @param[in] use_bjdata whether write in BJData format, default is false
+ @param[in] bjdata_version which BJData version to use, default is draft2
+ */
+ void write_ubjson(const BasicJsonType& j, const bool use_count,
+ const bool use_type, const bool add_prefix = true,
+ const bool use_bjdata = false, const bjdata_version_t bjdata_version = bjdata_version_t::draft2)
+ {
+ const bool bjdata_draft3 = use_bjdata && bjdata_version == bjdata_version_t::draft3;
+
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('Z'));
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(j.m_data.m_value.boolean
+ ? to_char_type('T')
+ : to_char_type('F'));
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer, add_prefix, use_bjdata);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned, add_prefix, use_bjdata);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(j.m_data.m_value.number_float, add_prefix, use_bjdata);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('S'));
+ }
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(j.m_data.m_value.string->size(), true, use_bjdata);
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(j.m_data.m_value.string->c_str()),
+ j.m_data.m_value.string->size());
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('['));
+ }
+
+ bool prefix_required = true;
+ if (use_type && !j.m_data.m_value.array->empty())
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(use_count);
+ const CharType first_prefix = ubjson_prefix(j.front(), use_bjdata);
+ const bool same_prefix = std::all_of(j.begin() + 1, j.end(),
+ [this, first_prefix, use_bjdata](const BasicJsonType & v)
+ {
+ return ubjson_prefix(v, use_bjdata) == first_prefix;
+ });
+
+ std::vector<CharType> bjdx = {'[', '{', 'S', 'H', 'T', 'F', 'N', 'Z'}; // excluded markers in bjdata optimized type
+
+ if (same_prefix && !(use_bjdata && std::find(bjdx.begin(), bjdx.end(), first_prefix) != bjdx.end()))
+ {
+ prefix_required = false;
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('$'));
+ oa->write_character(first_prefix);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (use_count)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('#'));
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(j.m_data.m_value.array->size(), true, use_bjdata);
+ }
+
+ for (const auto& el : *j.m_data.m_value.array)
+ {
+ write_ubjson(el, use_count, use_type, prefix_required, use_bjdata, bjdata_version);
+ }
+
+ if (!use_count)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(']'));
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('['));
+ }
+
+ if (use_type && (bjdata_draft3 || !j.m_data.m_value.binary->empty()))
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(use_count);
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('$'));
+ oa->write_character(bjdata_draft3 ? 'B' : 'U');
+ }
+
+ if (use_count)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('#'));
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(j.m_data.m_value.binary->size(), true, use_bjdata);
+ }
+
+ if (use_type)
+ {
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(j.m_data.m_value.binary->data()),
+ j.m_data.m_value.binary->size());
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < j.m_data.m_value.binary->size(); ++i)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(bjdata_draft3 ? 'B' : 'U'));
+ oa->write_character(j.m_data.m_value.binary->data()[i]);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!use_count)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(']'));
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ if (use_bjdata && j.m_data.m_value.object->size() == 3 && j.m_data.m_value.object->find("_ArrayType_") != j.m_data.m_value.object->end() && j.m_data.m_value.object->find("_ArraySize_") != j.m_data.m_value.object->end() && j.m_data.m_value.object->find("_ArrayData_") != j.m_data.m_value.object->end())
+ {
+ if (!write_bjdata_ndarray(*j.m_data.m_value.object, use_count, use_type, bjdata_version)) // decode bjdata ndarray in the JData format (https://github.com/NeuroJSON/jdata)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('{'));
+ }
+
+ bool prefix_required = true;
+ if (use_type && !j.m_data.m_value.object->empty())
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(use_count);
+ const CharType first_prefix = ubjson_prefix(j.front(), use_bjdata);
+ const bool same_prefix = std::all_of(j.begin(), j.end(),
+ [this, first_prefix, use_bjdata](const BasicJsonType & v)
+ {
+ return ubjson_prefix(v, use_bjdata) == first_prefix;
+ });
+
+ std::vector<CharType> bjdx = {'[', '{', 'S', 'H', 'T', 'F', 'N', 'Z'}; // excluded markers in bjdata optimized type
+
+ if (same_prefix && !(use_bjdata && std::find(bjdx.begin(), bjdx.end(), first_prefix) != bjdx.end()))
+ {
+ prefix_required = false;
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('$'));
+ oa->write_character(first_prefix);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (use_count)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('#'));
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(j.m_data.m_value.object->size(), true, use_bjdata);
+ }
+
+ for (const auto& el : *j.m_data.m_value.object)
+ {
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(el.first.size(), true, use_bjdata);
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(el.first.c_str()),
+ el.first.size());
+ write_ubjson(el.second, use_count, use_type, prefix_required, use_bjdata, bjdata_version);
+ }
+
+ if (!use_count)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('}'));
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ private:
+ //////////
+ // BSON //
+ //////////
+
+ /*!
+ @return The size of a BSON document entry header, including the id marker
+ and the entry name size (and its null-terminator).
+ */
+ static std::size_t calc_bson_entry_header_size(const string_t& name, const BasicJsonType& j)
+ {
+ const auto it = name.find(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0));
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(it != BasicJsonType::string_t::npos))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(409, concat("BSON key cannot contain code point U+0000 (at byte ", std::to_string(it), ")"), &j));
+ static_cast<void>(j);
+ }
+
+ return /*id*/ 1ul + name.size() + /*zero-terminator*/1u;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes the given @a element_type and @a name to the output adapter
+ */
+ void write_bson_entry_header(const string_t& name,
+ const std::uint8_t element_type)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(element_type)); // boolean
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(name.c_str()),
+ name.size() + 1u);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and boolean value @a value
+ */
+ void write_bson_boolean(const string_t& name,
+ const bool value)
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x08);
+ oa->write_character(value ? to_char_type(0x01) : to_char_type(0x00));
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and double value @a value
+ */
+ void write_bson_double(const string_t& name,
+ const double value)
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x01);
+ write_number<double>(value, true);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return The size of the BSON-encoded string in @a value
+ */
+ static std::size_t calc_bson_string_size(const string_t& value)
+ {
+ return sizeof(std::int32_t) + value.size() + 1ul;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and string value @a value
+ */
+ void write_bson_string(const string_t& name,
+ const string_t& value)
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x02);
+
+ write_number<std::int32_t>(static_cast<std::int32_t>(value.size() + 1ul), true);
+ oa->write_characters(
+ reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(value.c_str()),
+ value.size() + 1);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and null value
+ */
+ void write_bson_null(const string_t& name)
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x0A);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return The size of the BSON-encoded integer @a value
+ */
+ static std::size_t calc_bson_integer_size(const std::int64_t value)
+ {
+ return (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= value && value <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)()
+ ? sizeof(std::int32_t)
+ : sizeof(std::int64_t);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and integer @a value
+ */
+ void write_bson_integer(const string_t& name,
+ const std::int64_t value)
+ {
+ if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= value && value <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x10); // int32
+ write_number<std::int32_t>(static_cast<std::int32_t>(value), true);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x12); // int64
+ write_number<std::int64_t>(static_cast<std::int64_t>(value), true);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return The size of the BSON-encoded unsigned integer in @a j
+ */
+ static constexpr std::size_t calc_bson_unsigned_size(const std::uint64_t value) noexcept
+ {
+ return (value <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)()))
+ ? sizeof(std::int32_t)
+ : sizeof(std::int64_t);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and unsigned @a value
+ */
+ void write_bson_unsigned(const string_t& name,
+ const BasicJsonType& j)
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x10 /* int32 */);
+ write_number<std::int32_t>(static_cast<std::int32_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), true);
+ }
+ else if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x12 /* int64 */);
+ write_number<std::int64_t>(static_cast<std::int64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), true);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x11 /* uint64 */);
+ write_number<std::uint64_t>(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), true);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and object @a value
+ */
+ void write_bson_object_entry(const string_t& name,
+ const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& value)
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x03); // object
+ write_bson_object(value);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return The size of the BSON-encoded array @a value
+ */
+ static std::size_t calc_bson_array_size(const typename BasicJsonType::array_t& value)
+ {
+ std::size_t array_index = 0ul;
+
+ const std::size_t embedded_document_size = std::accumulate(std::begin(value), std::end(value), static_cast<std::size_t>(0), [&array_index](std::size_t result, const typename BasicJsonType::array_t::value_type & el)
+ {
+ return result + calc_bson_element_size(std::to_string(array_index++), el);
+ });
+
+ return sizeof(std::int32_t) + embedded_document_size + 1ul;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return The size of the BSON-encoded binary array @a value
+ */
+ static std::size_t calc_bson_binary_size(const typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& value)
+ {
+ return sizeof(std::int32_t) + value.size() + 1ul;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and array @a value
+ */
+ void write_bson_array(const string_t& name,
+ const typename BasicJsonType::array_t& value)
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x04); // array
+ write_number<std::int32_t>(static_cast<std::int32_t>(calc_bson_array_size(value)), true);
+
+ std::size_t array_index = 0ul;
+
+ for (const auto& el : value)
+ {
+ write_bson_element(std::to_string(array_index++), el);
+ }
+
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x00));
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Writes a BSON element with key @a name and binary value @a value
+ */
+ void write_bson_binary(const string_t& name,
+ const binary_t& value)
+ {
+ write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x05);
+
+ write_number<std::int32_t>(static_cast<std::int32_t>(value.size()), true);
+ write_number(value.has_subtype() ? static_cast<std::uint8_t>(value.subtype()) : static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0x00));
+
+ oa->write_characters(reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(value.data()), value.size());
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Calculates the size necessary to serialize the JSON value @a j with its @a name
+ @return The calculated size for the BSON document entry for @a j with the given @a name.
+ */
+ static std::size_t calc_bson_element_size(const string_t& name,
+ const BasicJsonType& j)
+ {
+ const auto header_size = calc_bson_entry_header_size(name, j);
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ return header_size + calc_bson_object_size(*j.m_data.m_value.object);
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ return header_size + calc_bson_array_size(*j.m_data.m_value.array);
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ return header_size + calc_bson_binary_size(*j.m_data.m_value.binary);
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ return header_size + 1ul;
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ return header_size + 8ul;
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ return header_size + calc_bson_integer_size(j.m_data.m_value.number_integer);
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ return header_size + calc_bson_unsigned_size(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned);
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ return header_size + calc_bson_string_size(*j.m_data.m_value.string);
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ return header_size + 0ul;
+
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert)
+ return 0ul;
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Serializes the JSON value @a j to BSON and associates it with the
+ key @a name.
+ @param name The name to associate with the JSON entity @a j within the
+ current BSON document
+ */
+ void write_bson_element(const string_t& name,
+ const BasicJsonType& j)
+ {
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ return write_bson_object_entry(name, *j.m_data.m_value.object);
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ return write_bson_array(name, *j.m_data.m_value.array);
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ return write_bson_binary(name, *j.m_data.m_value.binary);
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ return write_bson_boolean(name, j.m_data.m_value.boolean);
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ return write_bson_double(name, j.m_data.m_value.number_float);
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ return write_bson_integer(name, j.m_data.m_value.number_integer);
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ return write_bson_unsigned(name, j);
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ return write_bson_string(name, *j.m_data.m_value.string);
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ return write_bson_null(name);
+
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert)
+ return;
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief Calculates the size of the BSON serialization of the given
+ JSON-object @a j.
+ @param[in] value JSON value to serialize
+ @pre value.type() == value_t::object
+ */
+ static std::size_t calc_bson_object_size(const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& value)
+ {
+ const std::size_t document_size = std::accumulate(value.begin(), value.end(), static_cast<std::size_t>(0),
+ [](size_t result, const typename BasicJsonType::object_t::value_type & el)
+ {
+ return result += calc_bson_element_size(el.first, el.second);
+ });
+
+ return sizeof(std::int32_t) + document_size + 1ul;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @param[in] value JSON value to serialize
+ @pre value.type() == value_t::object
+ */
+ void write_bson_object(const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& value)
+ {
+ write_number<std::int32_t>(static_cast<std::int32_t>(calc_bson_object_size(value)), true);
+
+ for (const auto& el : value)
+ {
+ write_bson_element(el.first, el.second);
+ }
+
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(0x00));
+ }
+
+ //////////
+ // CBOR //
+ //////////
+
+ static constexpr CharType get_cbor_float_prefix(float /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return to_char_type(0xFA); // Single-Precision Float
+ }
+
+ static constexpr CharType get_cbor_float_prefix(double /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return to_char_type(0xFB); // Double-Precision Float
+ }
+
+ /////////////
+ // MsgPack //
+ /////////////
+
+ static constexpr CharType get_msgpack_float_prefix(float /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return to_char_type(0xCA); // float 32
+ }
+
+ static constexpr CharType get_msgpack_float_prefix(double /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return to_char_type(0xCB); // float 64
+ }
+
+ ////////////
+ // UBJSON //
+ ////////////
+
+ // UBJSON: write number (floating point)
+ template<typename NumberType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_floating_point<NumberType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ void write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(const NumberType n,
+ const bool add_prefix,
+ const bool use_bjdata)
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(get_ubjson_float_prefix(n));
+ }
+ write_number(n, use_bjdata);
+ }
+
+ // UBJSON: write number (unsigned integer)
+ template<typename NumberType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_unsigned<NumberType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ void write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(const NumberType n,
+ const bool add_prefix,
+ const bool use_bjdata)
+ {
+ if (n <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('i')); // int8
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('U')); // uint8
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (n <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('I')); // int16
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int16_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (use_bjdata && n <= static_cast<uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('u')); // uint16 - bjdata only
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (n <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('l')); // int32
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int32_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (use_bjdata && n <= static_cast<uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('m')); // uint32 - bjdata only
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (n <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('L')); // int64
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int64_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (use_bjdata && n <= (std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('M')); // uint64 - bjdata only
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('H')); // high-precision number
+ }
+
+ const auto number = BasicJsonType(n).dump();
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(number.size(), true, use_bjdata);
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < number.size(); ++i)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(number[i])));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // UBJSON: write number (signed integer)
+ template < typename NumberType, typename std::enable_if <
+ std::is_signed<NumberType>::value&&
+ !std::is_floating_point<NumberType>::value, int >::type = 0 >
+ void write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(const NumberType n,
+ const bool add_prefix,
+ const bool use_bjdata)
+ {
+ if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() <= n && n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('i')); // int8
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int8_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::min)()) <= n && n <= static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('U')); // uint8
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() <= n && n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('I')); // int16
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int16_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (use_bjdata && (static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::min)()) <= n && n <= static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('u')); // uint16 - bjdata only
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<uint16_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= n && n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('l')); // int32
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int32_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if (use_bjdata && (static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::min)()) <= n && n <= static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())))
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('m')); // uint32 - bjdata only
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<uint32_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::min)() <= n && n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('L')); // int64
+ }
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int64_t>(n), use_bjdata);
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ else
+ {
+ if (add_prefix)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type('H')); // high-precision number
+ }
+
+ const auto number = BasicJsonType(n).dump();
+ write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(number.size(), true, use_bjdata);
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < number.size(); ++i)
+ {
+ oa->write_character(to_char_type(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(number[i])));
+ }
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief determine the type prefix of container values
+ */
+ CharType ubjson_prefix(const BasicJsonType& j, const bool use_bjdata) const noexcept
+ {
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::null:
+ return 'Z';
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ return j.m_data.m_value.boolean ? 'T' : 'F';
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() <= j.m_data.m_value.number_integer && j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ return 'i';
+ }
+ if ((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::min)() <= j.m_data.m_value.number_integer && j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+ {
+ return 'U';
+ }
+ if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() <= j.m_data.m_value.number_integer && j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)())
+ {
+ return 'I';
+ }
+ if (use_bjdata && ((std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::min)() <= j.m_data.m_value.number_integer && j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'u';
+ }
+ if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= j.m_data.m_value.number_integer && j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
+ {
+ return 'l';
+ }
+ if (use_bjdata && ((std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::min)() <= j.m_data.m_value.number_integer && j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'm';
+ }
+ if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::min)() <= j.m_data.m_value.number_integer && j.m_data.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ return 'L';
+ }
+ // anything else is treated as high-precision number
+ return 'H'; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'i';
+ }
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'U';
+ }
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'I';
+ }
+ if (use_bjdata && j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'u';
+ }
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'l';
+ }
+ if (use_bjdata && j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'm';
+ }
+ if (j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)()))
+ {
+ return 'L';
+ }
+ if (use_bjdata && j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)())
+ {
+ return 'M';
+ }
+ // anything else is treated as high-precision number
+ return 'H'; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ return get_ubjson_float_prefix(j.m_data.m_value.number_float);
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ return 'S';
+
+ case value_t::array: // fallthrough
+ case value_t::binary:
+ return '[';
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ return '{';
+
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default: // discarded values
+ return 'N';
+ }
+ }
+
+ static constexpr CharType get_ubjson_float_prefix(float /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return 'd'; // float 32
+ }
+
+ static constexpr CharType get_ubjson_float_prefix(double /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return 'D'; // float 64
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @return false if the object is successfully converted to a bjdata ndarray, true if the type or size is invalid
+ */
+ bool write_bjdata_ndarray(const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& value, const bool use_count, const bool use_type, const bjdata_version_t bjdata_version)
+ {
+ std::map<string_t, CharType> bjdtype = {{"uint8", 'U'}, {"int8", 'i'}, {"uint16", 'u'}, {"int16", 'I'},
+ {"uint32", 'm'}, {"int32", 'l'}, {"uint64", 'M'}, {"int64", 'L'}, {"single", 'd'}, {"double", 'D'},
+ {"char", 'C'}, {"byte", 'B'}
+ };
+
+ string_t key = "_ArrayType_";
+ auto it = bjdtype.find(static_cast<string_t>(value.at(key)));
+ if (it == bjdtype.end())
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+ CharType dtype = it->second;
+
+ key = "_ArraySize_";
+ std::size_t len = (value.at(key).empty() ? 0 : 1);
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ len *= static_cast<std::size_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned);
+ }
+
+ key = "_ArrayData_";
+ if (value.at(key).size() != len)
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ oa->write_character('[');
+ oa->write_character('$');
+ oa->write_character(dtype);
+ oa->write_character('#');
+
+ key = "_ArraySize_";
+ write_ubjson(value.at(key), use_count, use_type, true, true, bjdata_version);
+
+ key = "_ArrayData_";
+ if (dtype == 'U' || dtype == 'C' || dtype == 'B')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'i')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int8_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_integer), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'u')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'I')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int16_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_integer), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'm')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'l')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int32_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_integer), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'M')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'L')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<std::int64_t>(el.m_data.m_value.number_integer), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'd')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<float>(el.m_data.m_value.number_float), true);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (dtype == 'D')
+ {
+ for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+ {
+ write_number(static_cast<double>(el.m_data.m_value.number_float), true);
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ ///////////////////////
+ // Utility functions //
+ ///////////////////////
+
+ /*
+ @brief write a number to output input
+ @param[in] n number of type @a NumberType
+ @param[in] OutputIsLittleEndian Set to true if output data is
+ required to be little endian
+ @tparam NumberType the type of the number
+
+ @note This function needs to respect the system's endianness, because bytes
+ in CBOR, MessagePack, and UBJSON are stored in network order (big
+ endian) and therefore need reordering on little endian systems.
+ On the other hand, BSON and BJData use little endian and should reorder
+ on big endian systems.
+ */
+ template<typename NumberType>
+ void write_number(const NumberType n, const bool OutputIsLittleEndian = false)
+ {
+ // step 1: write number to array of length NumberType
+ std::array<CharType, sizeof(NumberType)> vec{};
+ std::memcpy(vec.data(), &n, sizeof(NumberType));
+
+ // step 2: write array to output (with possible reordering)
+ if (is_little_endian != OutputIsLittleEndian)
+ {
+ // reverse byte order prior to conversion if necessary
+ std::reverse(vec.begin(), vec.end());
+ }
+
+ oa->write_characters(vec.data(), sizeof(NumberType));
+ }
+
+ void write_compact_float(const number_float_t n, detail::input_format_t format)
+ {
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
+#endif
+ if (static_cast<double>(n) >= static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest()) &&
+ static_cast<double>(n) <= static_cast<double>((std::numeric_limits<float>::max)()) &&
+ static_cast<double>(static_cast<float>(n)) == static_cast<double>(n))
+ {
+ oa->write_character(format == detail::input_format_t::cbor
+ ? get_cbor_float_prefix(static_cast<float>(n))
+ : get_msgpack_float_prefix(static_cast<float>(n)));
+ write_number(static_cast<float>(n));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ oa->write_character(format == detail::input_format_t::cbor
+ ? get_cbor_float_prefix(n)
+ : get_msgpack_float_prefix(n));
+ write_number(n);
+ }
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+ }
+
+ public:
+ // The following to_char_type functions are implement the conversion
+ // between uint8_t and CharType. In case CharType is not unsigned,
+ // such a conversion is required to allow values greater than 128.
+ // See <https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1286> for a discussion.
+ template < typename C = CharType,
+ enable_if_t < std::is_signed<C>::value && std::is_signed<char>::value > * = nullptr >
+ static constexpr CharType to_char_type(std::uint8_t x) noexcept
+ {
+ return *reinterpret_cast<char*>(&x);
+ }
+
+ template < typename C = CharType,
+ enable_if_t < std::is_signed<C>::value && std::is_unsigned<char>::value > * = nullptr >
+ static CharType to_char_type(std::uint8_t x) noexcept
+ {
+ static_assert(sizeof(std::uint8_t) == sizeof(CharType), "size of CharType must be equal to std::uint8_t");
+ static_assert(std::is_trivial<CharType>::value, "CharType must be trivial");
+ CharType result;
+ std::memcpy(&result, &x, sizeof(x));
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ template<typename C = CharType,
+ enable_if_t<std::is_unsigned<C>::value>* = nullptr>
+ static constexpr CharType to_char_type(std::uint8_t x) noexcept
+ {
+ return x;
+ }
+
+ template < typename InputCharType, typename C = CharType,
+ enable_if_t <
+ std::is_signed<C>::value &&
+ std::is_signed<char>::value &&
+ std::is_same<char, typename std::remove_cv<InputCharType>::type>::value
+ > * = nullptr >
+ static constexpr CharType to_char_type(InputCharType x) noexcept
+ {
+ return x;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /// whether we can assume little endianness
+ const bool is_little_endian = little_endianness();
+
+ /// the output
+ output_adapter_t<CharType> oa = nullptr;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/output/output_adapters.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/output/serializer.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2008 - 2009 Björn Hoehrmann <bjoern@hoehrmann.de>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <algorithm> // reverse, remove, fill, find, none_of
+#include <array> // array
+#include <clocale> // localeconv, lconv
+#include <cmath> // labs, isfinite, isnan, signbit
+#include <cstddef> // size_t, ptrdiff_t
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t
+#include <cstdio> // snprintf
+#include <limits> // numeric_limits
+#include <string> // string, char_traits
+#include <iomanip> // setfill, setw
+#include <type_traits> // is_same
+#include <utility> // move
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_chars.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2009 Florian Loitsch <https://florian.loitsch.com/>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <array> // array
+#include <cmath> // signbit, isfinite
+#include <cstdint> // intN_t, uintN_t
+#include <cstring> // memcpy, memmove
+#include <limits> // numeric_limits
+#include <type_traits> // conditional
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/*!
+@brief implements the Grisu2 algorithm for binary to decimal floating-point
+conversion.
+
+This implementation is a slightly modified version of the reference
+implementation which may be obtained from
+http://florian.loitsch.com/publications (bench.tar.gz).
+
+The code is distributed under the MIT license, Copyright (c) 2009 Florian Loitsch.
+
+For a detailed description of the algorithm see:
+
+[1] Loitsch, "Printing Floating-Point Numbers Quickly and Accurately with
+ Integers", Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2010 Conference on Programming
+ Language Design and Implementation, PLDI 2010
+[2] Burger, Dybvig, "Printing Floating-Point Numbers Quickly and Accurately",
+ Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1996 Conference on Programming Language
+ Design and Implementation, PLDI 1996
+*/
+namespace dtoa_impl
+{
+
+template<typename Target, typename Source>
+Target reinterpret_bits(const Source source)
+{
+ static_assert(sizeof(Target) == sizeof(Source), "size mismatch");
+
+ Target target;
+ std::memcpy(&target, &source, sizeof(Source));
+ return target;
+}
+
+struct diyfp // f * 2^e
+{
+ static constexpr int kPrecision = 64; // = q
+
+ std::uint64_t f = 0;
+ int e = 0;
+
+ constexpr diyfp(std::uint64_t f_, int e_) noexcept : f(f_), e(e_) {}
+
+ /*!
+ @brief returns x - y
+ @pre x.e == y.e and x.f >= y.f
+ */
+ static diyfp sub(const diyfp& x, const diyfp& y) noexcept
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(x.e == y.e);
+ JSON_ASSERT(x.f >= y.f);
+
+ return {x.f - y.f, x.e};
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief returns x * y
+ @note The result is rounded. (Only the upper q bits are returned.)
+ */
+ static diyfp mul(const diyfp& x, const diyfp& y) noexcept
+ {
+ static_assert(kPrecision == 64, "internal error");
+
+ // Computes:
+ // f = round((x.f * y.f) / 2^q)
+ // e = x.e + y.e + q
+
+ // Emulate the 64-bit * 64-bit multiplication:
+ //
+ // p = u * v
+ // = (u_lo + 2^32 u_hi) (v_lo + 2^32 v_hi)
+ // = (u_lo v_lo ) + 2^32 ((u_lo v_hi ) + (u_hi v_lo )) + 2^64 (u_hi v_hi )
+ // = (p0 ) + 2^32 ((p1 ) + (p2 )) + 2^64 (p3 )
+ // = (p0_lo + 2^32 p0_hi) + 2^32 ((p1_lo + 2^32 p1_hi) + (p2_lo + 2^32 p2_hi)) + 2^64 (p3 )
+ // = (p0_lo ) + 2^32 (p0_hi + p1_lo + p2_lo ) + 2^64 (p1_hi + p2_hi + p3)
+ // = (p0_lo ) + 2^32 (Q ) + 2^64 (H )
+ // = (p0_lo ) + 2^32 (Q_lo + 2^32 Q_hi ) + 2^64 (H )
+ //
+ // (Since Q might be larger than 2^32 - 1)
+ //
+ // = (p0_lo + 2^32 Q_lo) + 2^64 (Q_hi + H)
+ //
+ // (Q_hi + H does not overflow a 64-bit int)
+ //
+ // = p_lo + 2^64 p_hi
+
+ const std::uint64_t u_lo = x.f & 0xFFFFFFFFu;
+ const std::uint64_t u_hi = x.f >> 32u;
+ const std::uint64_t v_lo = y.f & 0xFFFFFFFFu;
+ const std::uint64_t v_hi = y.f >> 32u;
+
+ const std::uint64_t p0 = u_lo * v_lo;
+ const std::uint64_t p1 = u_lo * v_hi;
+ const std::uint64_t p2 = u_hi * v_lo;
+ const std::uint64_t p3 = u_hi * v_hi;
+
+ const std::uint64_t p0_hi = p0 >> 32u;
+ const std::uint64_t p1_lo = p1 & 0xFFFFFFFFu;
+ const std::uint64_t p1_hi = p1 >> 32u;
+ const std::uint64_t p2_lo = p2 & 0xFFFFFFFFu;
+ const std::uint64_t p2_hi = p2 >> 32u;
+
+ std::uint64_t Q = p0_hi + p1_lo + p2_lo;
+
+ // The full product might now be computed as
+ //
+ // p_hi = p3 + p2_hi + p1_hi + (Q >> 32)
+ // p_lo = p0_lo + (Q << 32)
+ //
+ // But in this particular case here, the full p_lo is not required.
+ // Effectively we only need to add the highest bit in p_lo to p_hi (and
+ // Q_hi + 1 does not overflow).
+
+ Q += std::uint64_t{1} << (64u - 32u - 1u); // round, ties up
+
+ const std::uint64_t h = p3 + p2_hi + p1_hi + (Q >> 32u);
+
+ return {h, x.e + y.e + 64};
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief normalize x such that the significand is >= 2^(q-1)
+ @pre x.f != 0
+ */
+ static diyfp normalize(diyfp x) noexcept
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(x.f != 0);
+
+ while ((x.f >> 63u) == 0)
+ {
+ x.f <<= 1u;
+ x.e--;
+ }
+
+ return x;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief normalize x such that the result has the exponent E
+ @pre e >= x.e and the upper e - x.e bits of x.f must be zero.
+ */
+ static diyfp normalize_to(const diyfp& x, const int target_exponent) noexcept
+ {
+ const int delta = x.e - target_exponent;
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(delta >= 0);
+ JSON_ASSERT(((x.f << delta) >> delta) == x.f);
+
+ return {x.f << delta, target_exponent};
+ }
+};
+
+struct boundaries
+{
+ diyfp w;
+ diyfp minus;
+ diyfp plus;
+};
+
+/*!
+Compute the (normalized) diyfp representing the input number 'value' and its
+boundaries.
+
+@pre value must be finite and positive
+*/
+template<typename FloatType>
+boundaries compute_boundaries(FloatType value)
+{
+ JSON_ASSERT(std::isfinite(value));
+ JSON_ASSERT(value > 0);
+
+ // Convert the IEEE representation into a diyfp.
+ //
+ // If v is denormal:
+ // value = 0.F * 2^(1 - bias) = ( F) * 2^(1 - bias - (p-1))
+ // If v is normalized:
+ // value = 1.F * 2^(E - bias) = (2^(p-1) + F) * 2^(E - bias - (p-1))
+
+ static_assert(std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::is_iec559,
+ "internal error: dtoa_short requires an IEEE-754 floating-point implementation");
+
+ constexpr int kPrecision = std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::digits; // = p (includes the hidden bit)
+ constexpr int kBias = std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_exponent - 1 + (kPrecision - 1);
+ constexpr int kMinExp = 1 - kBias;
+ constexpr std::uint64_t kHiddenBit = std::uint64_t{1} << (kPrecision - 1); // = 2^(p-1)
+
+ using bits_type = typename std::conditional<kPrecision == 24, std::uint32_t, std::uint64_t >::type;
+
+ const auto bits = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(reinterpret_bits<bits_type>(value));
+ const std::uint64_t E = bits >> (kPrecision - 1);
+ const std::uint64_t F = bits & (kHiddenBit - 1);
+
+ const bool is_denormal = E == 0;
+ const diyfp v = is_denormal
+ ? diyfp(F, kMinExp)
+ : diyfp(F + kHiddenBit, static_cast<int>(E) - kBias);
+
+ // Compute the boundaries m- and m+ of the floating-point value
+ // v = f * 2^e.
+ //
+ // Determine v- and v+, the floating-point predecessor and successor if v,
+ // respectively.
+ //
+ // v- = v - 2^e if f != 2^(p-1) or e == e_min (A)
+ // = v - 2^(e-1) if f == 2^(p-1) and e > e_min (B)
+ //
+ // v+ = v + 2^e
+ //
+ // Let m- = (v- + v) / 2 and m+ = (v + v+) / 2. All real numbers _strictly_
+ // between m- and m+ round to v, regardless of how the input rounding
+ // algorithm breaks ties.
+ //
+ // ---+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+--- (A)
+ // v- m- v m+ v+
+ //
+ // -----------------+------+------+-------------+-------------+--- (B)
+ // v- m- v m+ v+
+
+ const bool lower_boundary_is_closer = F == 0 && E > 1;
+ const diyfp m_plus = diyfp((2 * v.f) + 1, v.e - 1);
+ const diyfp m_minus = lower_boundary_is_closer
+ ? diyfp((4 * v.f) - 1, v.e - 2) // (B)
+ : diyfp((2 * v.f) - 1, v.e - 1); // (A)
+
+ // Determine the normalized w+ = m+.
+ const diyfp w_plus = diyfp::normalize(m_plus);
+
+ // Determine w- = m- such that e_(w-) = e_(w+).
+ const diyfp w_minus = diyfp::normalize_to(m_minus, w_plus.e);
+
+ return {diyfp::normalize(v), w_minus, w_plus};
+}
+
+// Given normalized diyfp w, Grisu needs to find a (normalized) cached
+// power-of-ten c, such that the exponent of the product c * w = f * 2^e lies
+// within a certain range [alpha, gamma] (Definition 3.2 from [1])
+//
+// alpha <= e = e_c + e_w + q <= gamma
+//
+// or
+//
+// f_c * f_w * 2^alpha <= f_c 2^(e_c) * f_w 2^(e_w) * 2^q
+// <= f_c * f_w * 2^gamma
+//
+// Since c and w are normalized, i.e. 2^(q-1) <= f < 2^q, this implies
+//
+// 2^(q-1) * 2^(q-1) * 2^alpha <= c * w * 2^q < 2^q * 2^q * 2^gamma
+//
+// or
+//
+// 2^(q - 2 + alpha) <= c * w < 2^(q + gamma)
+//
+// The choice of (alpha,gamma) determines the size of the table and the form of
+// the digit generation procedure. Using (alpha,gamma)=(-60,-32) works out well
+// in practice:
+//
+// The idea is to cut the number c * w = f * 2^e into two parts, which can be
+// processed independently: An integral part p1, and a fractional part p2:
+//
+// f * 2^e = ( (f div 2^-e) * 2^-e + (f mod 2^-e) ) * 2^e
+// = (f div 2^-e) + (f mod 2^-e) * 2^e
+// = p1 + p2 * 2^e
+//
+// The conversion of p1 into decimal form requires a series of divisions and
+// modulos by (a power of) 10. These operations are faster for 32-bit than for
+// 64-bit integers, so p1 should ideally fit into a 32-bit integer. This can be
+// achieved by choosing
+//
+// -e >= 32 or e <= -32 := gamma
+//
+// In order to convert the fractional part
+//
+// p2 * 2^e = p2 / 2^-e = d[-1] / 10^1 + d[-2] / 10^2 + ...
+//
+// into decimal form, the fraction is repeatedly multiplied by 10 and the digits
+// d[-i] are extracted in order:
+//
+// (10 * p2) div 2^-e = d[-1]
+// (10 * p2) mod 2^-e = d[-2] / 10^1 + ...
+//
+// The multiplication by 10 must not overflow. It is sufficient to choose
+//
+// 10 * p2 < 16 * p2 = 2^4 * p2 <= 2^64.
+//
+// Since p2 = f mod 2^-e < 2^-e,
+//
+// -e <= 60 or e >= -60 := alpha
+
+constexpr int kAlpha = -60;
+constexpr int kGamma = -32;
+
+struct cached_power // c = f * 2^e ~= 10^k
+{
+ std::uint64_t f;
+ int e;
+ int k;
+};
+
+/*!
+For a normalized diyfp w = f * 2^e, this function returns a (normalized) cached
+power-of-ten c = f_c * 2^e_c, such that the exponent of the product w * c
+satisfies (Definition 3.2 from [1])
+
+ alpha <= e_c + e + q <= gamma.
+*/
+inline cached_power get_cached_power_for_binary_exponent(int e)
+{
+ // Now
+ //
+ // alpha <= e_c + e + q <= gamma (1)
+ // ==> f_c * 2^alpha <= c * 2^e * 2^q
+ //
+ // and since the c's are normalized, 2^(q-1) <= f_c,
+ //
+ // ==> 2^(q - 1 + alpha) <= c * 2^(e + q)
+ // ==> 2^(alpha - e - 1) <= c
+ //
+ // If c were an exact power of ten, i.e. c = 10^k, one may determine k as
+ //
+ // k = ceil( log_10( 2^(alpha - e - 1) ) )
+ // = ceil( (alpha - e - 1) * log_10(2) )
+ //
+ // From the paper:
+ // "In theory the result of the procedure could be wrong since c is rounded,
+ // and the computation itself is approximated [...]. In practice, however,
+ // this simple function is sufficient."
+ //
+ // For IEEE double precision floating-point numbers converted into
+ // normalized diyfp's w = f * 2^e, with q = 64,
+ //
+ // e >= -1022 (min IEEE exponent)
+ // -52 (p - 1)
+ // -52 (p - 1, possibly normalize denormal IEEE numbers)
+ // -11 (normalize the diyfp)
+ // = -1137
+ //
+ // and
+ //
+ // e <= +1023 (max IEEE exponent)
+ // -52 (p - 1)
+ // -11 (normalize the diyfp)
+ // = 960
+ //
+ // This binary exponent range [-1137,960] results in a decimal exponent
+ // range [-307,324]. One does not need to store a cached power for each
+ // k in this range. For each such k it suffices to find a cached power
+ // such that the exponent of the product lies in [alpha,gamma].
+ // This implies that the difference of the decimal exponents of adjacent
+ // table entries must be less than or equal to
+ //
+ // floor( (gamma - alpha) * log_10(2) ) = 8.
+ //
+ // (A smaller distance gamma-alpha would require a larger table.)
+
+ // NB:
+ // Actually this function returns c, such that -60 <= e_c + e + 64 <= -34.
+
+ constexpr int kCachedPowersMinDecExp = -300;
+ constexpr int kCachedPowersDecStep = 8;
+
+ static constexpr std::array<cached_power, 79> kCachedPowers =
+ {
+ {
+ { 0xAB70FE17C79AC6CA, -1060, -300 },
+ { 0xFF77B1FCBEBCDC4F, -1034, -292 },
+ { 0xBE5691EF416BD60C, -1007, -284 },
+ { 0x8DD01FAD907FFC3C, -980, -276 },
+ { 0xD3515C2831559A83, -954, -268 },
+ { 0x9D71AC8FADA6C9B5, -927, -260 },
+ { 0xEA9C227723EE8BCB, -901, -252 },
+ { 0xAECC49914078536D, -874, -244 },
+ { 0x823C12795DB6CE57, -847, -236 },
+ { 0xC21094364DFB5637, -821, -228 },
+ { 0x9096EA6F3848984F, -794, -220 },
+ { 0xD77485CB25823AC7, -768, -212 },
+ { 0xA086CFCD97BF97F4, -741, -204 },
+ { 0xEF340A98172AACE5, -715, -196 },
+ { 0xB23867FB2A35B28E, -688, -188 },
+ { 0x84C8D4DFD2C63F3B, -661, -180 },
+ { 0xC5DD44271AD3CDBA, -635, -172 },
+ { 0x936B9FCEBB25C996, -608, -164 },
+ { 0xDBAC6C247D62A584, -582, -156 },
+ { 0xA3AB66580D5FDAF6, -555, -148 },
+ { 0xF3E2F893DEC3F126, -529, -140 },
+ { 0xB5B5ADA8AAFF80B8, -502, -132 },
+ { 0x87625F056C7C4A8B, -475, -124 },
+ { 0xC9BCFF6034C13053, -449, -116 },
+ { 0x964E858C91BA2655, -422, -108 },
+ { 0xDFF9772470297EBD, -396, -100 },
+ { 0xA6DFBD9FB8E5B88F, -369, -92 },
+ { 0xF8A95FCF88747D94, -343, -84 },
+ { 0xB94470938FA89BCF, -316, -76 },
+ { 0x8A08F0F8BF0F156B, -289, -68 },
+ { 0xCDB02555653131B6, -263, -60 },
+ { 0x993FE2C6D07B7FAC, -236, -52 },
+ { 0xE45C10C42A2B3B06, -210, -44 },
+ { 0xAA242499697392D3, -183, -36 },
+ { 0xFD87B5F28300CA0E, -157, -28 },
+ { 0xBCE5086492111AEB, -130, -20 },
+ { 0x8CBCCC096F5088CC, -103, -12 },
+ { 0xD1B71758E219652C, -77, -4 },
+ { 0x9C40000000000000, -50, 4 },
+ { 0xE8D4A51000000000, -24, 12 },
+ { 0xAD78EBC5AC620000, 3, 20 },
+ { 0x813F3978F8940984, 30, 28 },
+ { 0xC097CE7BC90715B3, 56, 36 },
+ { 0x8F7E32CE7BEA5C70, 83, 44 },
+ { 0xD5D238A4ABE98068, 109, 52 },
+ { 0x9F4F2726179A2245, 136, 60 },
+ { 0xED63A231D4C4FB27, 162, 68 },
+ { 0xB0DE65388CC8ADA8, 189, 76 },
+ { 0x83C7088E1AAB65DB, 216, 84 },
+ { 0xC45D1DF942711D9A, 242, 92 },
+ { 0x924D692CA61BE758, 269, 100 },
+ { 0xDA01EE641A708DEA, 295, 108 },
+ { 0xA26DA3999AEF774A, 322, 116 },
+ { 0xF209787BB47D6B85, 348, 124 },
+ { 0xB454E4A179DD1877, 375, 132 },
+ { 0x865B86925B9BC5C2, 402, 140 },
+ { 0xC83553C5C8965D3D, 428, 148 },
+ { 0x952AB45CFA97A0B3, 455, 156 },
+ { 0xDE469FBD99A05FE3, 481, 164 },
+ { 0xA59BC234DB398C25, 508, 172 },
+ { 0xF6C69A72A3989F5C, 534, 180 },
+ { 0xB7DCBF5354E9BECE, 561, 188 },
+ { 0x88FCF317F22241E2, 588, 196 },
+ { 0xCC20CE9BD35C78A5, 614, 204 },
+ { 0x98165AF37B2153DF, 641, 212 },
+ { 0xE2A0B5DC971F303A, 667, 220 },
+ { 0xA8D9D1535CE3B396, 694, 228 },
+ { 0xFB9B7CD9A4A7443C, 720, 236 },
+ { 0xBB764C4CA7A44410, 747, 244 },
+ { 0x8BAB8EEFB6409C1A, 774, 252 },
+ { 0xD01FEF10A657842C, 800, 260 },
+ { 0x9B10A4E5E9913129, 827, 268 },
+ { 0xE7109BFBA19C0C9D, 853, 276 },
+ { 0xAC2820D9623BF429, 880, 284 },
+ { 0x80444B5E7AA7CF85, 907, 292 },
+ { 0xBF21E44003ACDD2D, 933, 300 },
+ { 0x8E679C2F5E44FF8F, 960, 308 },
+ { 0xD433179D9C8CB841, 986, 316 },
+ { 0x9E19DB92B4E31BA9, 1013, 324 },
+ }
+ };
+
+ // This computation gives exactly the same results for k as
+ // k = ceil((kAlpha - e - 1) * 0.30102999566398114)
+ // for |e| <= 1500, but doesn't require floating-point operations.
+ // NB: log_10(2) ~= 78913 / 2^18
+ JSON_ASSERT(e >= -1500);
+ JSON_ASSERT(e <= 1500);
+ const int f = kAlpha - e - 1;
+ const int k = ((f * 78913) / (1 << 18)) + static_cast<int>(f > 0);
+
+ const int index = (-kCachedPowersMinDecExp + k + (kCachedPowersDecStep - 1)) / kCachedPowersDecStep;
+ JSON_ASSERT(index >= 0);
+ JSON_ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(index) < kCachedPowers.size());
+
+ const cached_power cached = kCachedPowers[static_cast<std::size_t>(index)];
+ JSON_ASSERT(kAlpha <= cached.e + e + 64);
+ JSON_ASSERT(kGamma >= cached.e + e + 64);
+
+ return cached;
+}
+
+/*!
+For n != 0, returns k, such that pow10 := 10^(k-1) <= n < 10^k.
+For n == 0, returns 1 and sets pow10 := 1.
+*/
+inline int find_largest_pow10(const std::uint32_t n, std::uint32_t& pow10)
+{
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START
+ if (n >= 1000000000)
+ {
+ pow10 = 1000000000;
+ return 10;
+ }
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+ if (n >= 100000000)
+ {
+ pow10 = 100000000;
+ return 9;
+ }
+ if (n >= 10000000)
+ {
+ pow10 = 10000000;
+ return 8;
+ }
+ if (n >= 1000000)
+ {
+ pow10 = 1000000;
+ return 7;
+ }
+ if (n >= 100000)
+ {
+ pow10 = 100000;
+ return 6;
+ }
+ if (n >= 10000)
+ {
+ pow10 = 10000;
+ return 5;
+ }
+ if (n >= 1000)
+ {
+ pow10 = 1000;
+ return 4;
+ }
+ if (n >= 100)
+ {
+ pow10 = 100;
+ return 3;
+ }
+ if (n >= 10)
+ {
+ pow10 = 10;
+ return 2;
+ }
+
+ pow10 = 1;
+ return 1;
+}
+
+inline void grisu2_round(char* buf, int len, std::uint64_t dist, std::uint64_t delta,
+ std::uint64_t rest, std::uint64_t ten_k)
+{
+ JSON_ASSERT(len >= 1);
+ JSON_ASSERT(dist <= delta);
+ JSON_ASSERT(rest <= delta);
+ JSON_ASSERT(ten_k > 0);
+
+ // <--------------------------- delta ---->
+ // <---- dist --------->
+ // --------------[------------------+-------------------]--------------
+ // M- w M+
+ //
+ // ten_k
+ // <------>
+ // <---- rest ---->
+ // --------------[------------------+----+--------------]--------------
+ // w V
+ // = buf * 10^k
+ //
+ // ten_k represents a unit-in-the-last-place in the decimal representation
+ // stored in buf.
+ // Decrement buf by ten_k while this takes buf closer to w.
+
+ // The tests are written in this order to avoid overflow in unsigned
+ // integer arithmetic.
+
+ while (rest < dist
+ && delta - rest >= ten_k
+ && (rest + ten_k < dist || dist - rest > rest + ten_k - dist))
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(buf[len - 1] != '0');
+ buf[len - 1]--;
+ rest += ten_k;
+ }
+}
+
+/*!
+Generates V = buffer * 10^decimal_exponent, such that M- <= V <= M+.
+M- and M+ must be normalized and share the same exponent -60 <= e <= -32.
+*/
+inline void grisu2_digit_gen(char* buffer, int& length, int& decimal_exponent,
+ diyfp M_minus, diyfp w, diyfp M_plus)
+{
+ static_assert(kAlpha >= -60, "internal error");
+ static_assert(kGamma <= -32, "internal error");
+
+ // Generates the digits (and the exponent) of a decimal floating-point
+ // number V = buffer * 10^decimal_exponent in the range [M-, M+]. The diyfp's
+ // w, M- and M+ share the same exponent e, which satisfies alpha <= e <= gamma.
+ //
+ // <--------------------------- delta ---->
+ // <---- dist --------->
+ // --------------[------------------+-------------------]--------------
+ // M- w M+
+ //
+ // Grisu2 generates the digits of M+ from left to right and stops as soon as
+ // V is in [M-,M+].
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(M_plus.e >= kAlpha);
+ JSON_ASSERT(M_plus.e <= kGamma);
+
+ std::uint64_t delta = diyfp::sub(M_plus, M_minus).f; // (significand of (M+ - M-), implicit exponent is e)
+ std::uint64_t dist = diyfp::sub(M_plus, w ).f; // (significand of (M+ - w ), implicit exponent is e)
+
+ // Split M+ = f * 2^e into two parts p1 and p2 (note: e < 0):
+ //
+ // M+ = f * 2^e
+ // = ((f div 2^-e) * 2^-e + (f mod 2^-e)) * 2^e
+ // = ((p1 ) * 2^-e + (p2 )) * 2^e
+ // = p1 + p2 * 2^e
+
+ const diyfp one(std::uint64_t{1} << -M_plus.e, M_plus.e);
+
+ auto p1 = static_cast<std::uint32_t>(M_plus.f >> -one.e); // p1 = f div 2^-e (Since -e >= 32, p1 fits into a 32-bit int.)
+ std::uint64_t p2 = M_plus.f & (one.f - 1); // p2 = f mod 2^-e
+
+ // 1)
+ //
+ // Generate the digits of the integral part p1 = d[n-1]...d[1]d[0]
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(p1 > 0);
+
+ std::uint32_t pow10{};
+ const int k = find_largest_pow10(p1, pow10);
+
+ // 10^(k-1) <= p1 < 10^k, pow10 = 10^(k-1)
+ //
+ // p1 = (p1 div 10^(k-1)) * 10^(k-1) + (p1 mod 10^(k-1))
+ // = (d[k-1] ) * 10^(k-1) + (p1 mod 10^(k-1))
+ //
+ // M+ = p1 + p2 * 2^e
+ // = d[k-1] * 10^(k-1) + (p1 mod 10^(k-1)) + p2 * 2^e
+ // = d[k-1] * 10^(k-1) + ((p1 mod 10^(k-1)) * 2^-e + p2) * 2^e
+ // = d[k-1] * 10^(k-1) + ( rest) * 2^e
+ //
+ // Now generate the digits d[n] of p1 from left to right (n = k-1,...,0)
+ //
+ // p1 = d[k-1]...d[n] * 10^n + d[n-1]...d[0]
+ //
+ // but stop as soon as
+ //
+ // rest * 2^e = (d[n-1]...d[0] * 2^-e + p2) * 2^e <= delta * 2^e
+
+ int n = k;
+ while (n > 0)
+ {
+ // Invariants:
+ // M+ = buffer * 10^n + (p1 + p2 * 2^e) (buffer = 0 for n = k)
+ // pow10 = 10^(n-1) <= p1 < 10^n
+ //
+ const std::uint32_t d = p1 / pow10; // d = p1 div 10^(n-1)
+ const std::uint32_t r = p1 % pow10; // r = p1 mod 10^(n-1)
+ //
+ // M+ = buffer * 10^n + (d * 10^(n-1) + r) + p2 * 2^e
+ // = (buffer * 10 + d) * 10^(n-1) + (r + p2 * 2^e)
+ //
+ JSON_ASSERT(d <= 9);
+ buffer[length++] = static_cast<char>('0' + d); // buffer := buffer * 10 + d
+ //
+ // M+ = buffer * 10^(n-1) + (r + p2 * 2^e)
+ //
+ p1 = r;
+ n--;
+ //
+ // M+ = buffer * 10^n + (p1 + p2 * 2^e)
+ // pow10 = 10^n
+ //
+
+ // Now check if enough digits have been generated.
+ // Compute
+ //
+ // p1 + p2 * 2^e = (p1 * 2^-e + p2) * 2^e = rest * 2^e
+ //
+ // Note:
+ // Since rest and delta share the same exponent e, it suffices to
+ // compare the significands.
+ const std::uint64_t rest = (std::uint64_t{p1} << -one.e) + p2;
+ if (rest <= delta)
+ {
+ // V = buffer * 10^n, with M- <= V <= M+.
+
+ decimal_exponent += n;
+
+ // We may now just stop. But instead look if the buffer could be
+ // decremented to bring V closer to w.
+ //
+ // pow10 = 10^n is now 1 ulp in the decimal representation V.
+ // The rounding procedure works with diyfp's with an implicit
+ // exponent of e.
+ //
+ // 10^n = (10^n * 2^-e) * 2^e = ulp * 2^e
+ //
+ const std::uint64_t ten_n = std::uint64_t{pow10} << -one.e;
+ grisu2_round(buffer, length, dist, delta, rest, ten_n);
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ pow10 /= 10;
+ //
+ // pow10 = 10^(n-1) <= p1 < 10^n
+ // Invariants restored.
+ }
+
+ // 2)
+ //
+ // The digits of the integral part have been generated:
+ //
+ // M+ = d[k-1]...d[1]d[0] + p2 * 2^e
+ // = buffer + p2 * 2^e
+ //
+ // Now generate the digits of the fractional part p2 * 2^e.
+ //
+ // Note:
+ // No decimal point is generated: the exponent is adjusted instead.
+ //
+ // p2 actually represents the fraction
+ //
+ // p2 * 2^e
+ // = p2 / 2^-e
+ // = d[-1] / 10^1 + d[-2] / 10^2 + ...
+ //
+ // Now generate the digits d[-m] of p1 from left to right (m = 1,2,...)
+ //
+ // p2 * 2^e = d[-1]d[-2]...d[-m] * 10^-m
+ // + 10^-m * (d[-m-1] / 10^1 + d[-m-2] / 10^2 + ...)
+ //
+ // using
+ //
+ // 10^m * p2 = ((10^m * p2) div 2^-e) * 2^-e + ((10^m * p2) mod 2^-e)
+ // = ( d) * 2^-e + ( r)
+ //
+ // or
+ // 10^m * p2 * 2^e = d + r * 2^e
+ //
+ // i.e.
+ //
+ // M+ = buffer + p2 * 2^e
+ // = buffer + 10^-m * (d + r * 2^e)
+ // = (buffer * 10^m + d) * 10^-m + 10^-m * r * 2^e
+ //
+ // and stop as soon as 10^-m * r * 2^e <= delta * 2^e
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(p2 > delta);
+
+ int m = 0;
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ // Invariant:
+ // M+ = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (d[-m-1] / 10 + d[-m-2] / 10^2 + ...) * 2^e
+ // = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (p2 ) * 2^e
+ // = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (1/10 * (10 * p2) ) * 2^e
+ // = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (1/10 * ((10*p2 div 2^-e) * 2^-e + (10*p2 mod 2^-e)) * 2^e
+ //
+ JSON_ASSERT(p2 <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)() / 10);
+ p2 *= 10;
+ const std::uint64_t d = p2 >> -one.e; // d = (10 * p2) div 2^-e
+ const std::uint64_t r = p2 & (one.f - 1); // r = (10 * p2) mod 2^-e
+ //
+ // M+ = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (1/10 * (d * 2^-e + r) * 2^e
+ // = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (1/10 * (d + r * 2^e))
+ // = (buffer * 10 + d) * 10^(-m-1) + 10^(-m-1) * r * 2^e
+ //
+ JSON_ASSERT(d <= 9);
+ buffer[length++] = static_cast<char>('0' + d); // buffer := buffer * 10 + d
+ //
+ // M+ = buffer * 10^(-m-1) + 10^(-m-1) * r * 2^e
+ //
+ p2 = r;
+ m++;
+ //
+ // M+ = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * p2 * 2^e
+ // Invariant restored.
+
+ // Check if enough digits have been generated.
+ //
+ // 10^-m * p2 * 2^e <= delta * 2^e
+ // p2 * 2^e <= 10^m * delta * 2^e
+ // p2 <= 10^m * delta
+ delta *= 10;
+ dist *= 10;
+ if (p2 <= delta)
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // V = buffer * 10^-m, with M- <= V <= M+.
+
+ decimal_exponent -= m;
+
+ // 1 ulp in the decimal representation is now 10^-m.
+ // Since delta and dist are now scaled by 10^m, we need to do the
+ // same with ulp in order to keep the units in sync.
+ //
+ // 10^m * 10^-m = 1 = 2^-e * 2^e = ten_m * 2^e
+ //
+ const std::uint64_t ten_m = one.f;
+ grisu2_round(buffer, length, dist, delta, p2, ten_m);
+
+ // By construction this algorithm generates the shortest possible decimal
+ // number (Loitsch, Theorem 6.2) which rounds back to w.
+ // For an input number of precision p, at least
+ //
+ // N = 1 + ceil(p * log_10(2))
+ //
+ // decimal digits are sufficient to identify all binary floating-point
+ // numbers (Matula, "In-and-Out conversions").
+ // This implies that the algorithm does not produce more than N decimal
+ // digits.
+ //
+ // N = 17 for p = 53 (IEEE double precision)
+ // N = 9 for p = 24 (IEEE single precision)
+}
+
+/*!
+v = buf * 10^decimal_exponent
+len is the length of the buffer (number of decimal digits)
+The buffer must be large enough, i.e. >= max_digits10.
+*/
+JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+inline void grisu2(char* buf, int& len, int& decimal_exponent,
+ diyfp m_minus, diyfp v, diyfp m_plus)
+{
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_plus.e == m_minus.e);
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_plus.e == v.e);
+
+ // --------(-----------------------+-----------------------)-------- (A)
+ // m- v m+
+ //
+ // --------------------(-----------+-----------------------)-------- (B)
+ // m- v m+
+ //
+ // First scale v (and m- and m+) such that the exponent is in the range
+ // [alpha, gamma].
+
+ const cached_power cached = get_cached_power_for_binary_exponent(m_plus.e);
+
+ const diyfp c_minus_k(cached.f, cached.e); // = c ~= 10^-k
+
+ // The exponent of the products is = v.e + c_minus_k.e + q and is in the range [alpha,gamma]
+ const diyfp w = diyfp::mul(v, c_minus_k);
+ const diyfp w_minus = diyfp::mul(m_minus, c_minus_k);
+ const diyfp w_plus = diyfp::mul(m_plus, c_minus_k);
+
+ // ----(---+---)---------------(---+---)---------------(---+---)----
+ // w- w w+
+ // = c*m- = c*v = c*m+
+ //
+ // diyfp::mul rounds its result and c_minus_k is approximated too. w, w- and
+ // w+ are now off by a small amount.
+ // In fact:
+ //
+ // w - v * 10^k < 1 ulp
+ //
+ // To account for this inaccuracy, add resp. subtract 1 ulp.
+ //
+ // --------+---[---------------(---+---)---------------]---+--------
+ // w- M- w M+ w+
+ //
+ // Now any number in [M-, M+] (bounds included) will round to w when input,
+ // regardless of how the input rounding algorithm breaks ties.
+ //
+ // And digit_gen generates the shortest possible such number in [M-, M+].
+ // Note that this does not mean that Grisu2 always generates the shortest
+ // possible number in the interval (m-, m+).
+ const diyfp M_minus(w_minus.f + 1, w_minus.e);
+ const diyfp M_plus (w_plus.f - 1, w_plus.e );
+
+ decimal_exponent = -cached.k; // = -(-k) = k
+
+ grisu2_digit_gen(buf, len, decimal_exponent, M_minus, w, M_plus);
+}
+
+/*!
+v = buf * 10^decimal_exponent
+len is the length of the buffer (number of decimal digits)
+The buffer must be large enough, i.e. >= max_digits10.
+*/
+template<typename FloatType>
+JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+void grisu2(char* buf, int& len, int& decimal_exponent, FloatType value)
+{
+ static_assert(diyfp::kPrecision >= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::digits + 3,
+ "internal error: not enough precision");
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(std::isfinite(value));
+ JSON_ASSERT(value > 0);
+
+ // If the neighbors (and boundaries) of 'value' are always computed for double-precision
+ // numbers, all float's can be recovered using strtod (and strtof). However, the resulting
+ // decimal representations are not exactly "short".
+ //
+ // The documentation for 'std::to_chars' (https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/to_chars)
+ // says "value is converted to a string as if by std::sprintf in the default ("C") locale"
+ // and since sprintf promotes floats to doubles, I think this is exactly what 'std::to_chars'
+ // does.
+ // On the other hand, the documentation for 'std::to_chars' requires that "parsing the
+ // representation using the corresponding std::from_chars function recovers value exactly". That
+ // indicates that single precision floating-point numbers should be recovered using
+ // 'std::strtof'.
+ //
+ // NB: If the neighbors are computed for single-precision numbers, there is a single float
+ // (7.0385307e-26f) which can't be recovered using strtod. The resulting double precision
+ // value is off by 1 ulp.
+#if 0 // NOLINT(readability-avoid-unconditional-preprocessor-if)
+ const boundaries w = compute_boundaries(static_cast<double>(value));
+#else
+ const boundaries w = compute_boundaries(value);
+#endif
+
+ grisu2(buf, len, decimal_exponent, w.minus, w.w, w.plus);
+}
+
+/*!
+@brief appends a decimal representation of e to buf
+@return a pointer to the element following the exponent.
+@pre -1000 < e < 1000
+*/
+JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+inline char* append_exponent(char* buf, int e)
+{
+ JSON_ASSERT(e > -1000);
+ JSON_ASSERT(e < 1000);
+
+ if (e < 0)
+ {
+ e = -e;
+ *buf++ = '-';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ *buf++ = '+';
+ }
+
+ auto k = static_cast<std::uint32_t>(e);
+ if (k < 10)
+ {
+ // Always print at least two digits in the exponent.
+ // This is for compatibility with printf("%g").
+ *buf++ = '0';
+ *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + k);
+ }
+ else if (k < 100)
+ {
+ *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + (k / 10));
+ k %= 10;
+ *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + k);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + (k / 100));
+ k %= 100;
+ *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + (k / 10));
+ k %= 10;
+ *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + k);
+ }
+
+ return buf;
+}
+
+/*!
+@brief prettify v = buf * 10^decimal_exponent
+
+If v is in the range [10^min_exp, 10^max_exp) it will be printed in fixed-point
+notation. Otherwise it will be printed in exponential notation.
+
+@pre min_exp < 0
+@pre max_exp > 0
+*/
+JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+inline char* format_buffer(char* buf, int len, int decimal_exponent,
+ int min_exp, int max_exp)
+{
+ JSON_ASSERT(min_exp < 0);
+ JSON_ASSERT(max_exp > 0);
+
+ const int k = len;
+ const int n = len + decimal_exponent;
+
+ // v = buf * 10^(n-k)
+ // k is the length of the buffer (number of decimal digits)
+ // n is the position of the decimal point relative to the start of the buffer.
+
+ if (k <= n && n <= max_exp)
+ {
+ // digits[000]
+ // len <= max_exp + 2
+
+ std::memset(buf + k, '0', static_cast<size_t>(n) - static_cast<size_t>(k));
+ // Make it look like a floating-point number (#362, #378)
+ buf[n + 0] = '.';
+ buf[n + 1] = '0';
+ return buf + (static_cast<size_t>(n) + 2);
+ }
+
+ if (0 < n && n <= max_exp)
+ {
+ // dig.its
+ // len <= max_digits10 + 1
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(k > n);
+
+ std::memmove(buf + (static_cast<size_t>(n) + 1), buf + n, static_cast<size_t>(k) - static_cast<size_t>(n));
+ buf[n] = '.';
+ return buf + (static_cast<size_t>(k) + 1U);
+ }
+
+ if (min_exp < n && n <= 0)
+ {
+ // 0.[000]digits
+ // len <= 2 + (-min_exp - 1) + max_digits10
+
+ std::memmove(buf + (2 + static_cast<size_t>(-n)), buf, static_cast<size_t>(k));
+ buf[0] = '0';
+ buf[1] = '.';
+ std::memset(buf + 2, '0', static_cast<size_t>(-n));
+ return buf + (2U + static_cast<size_t>(-n) + static_cast<size_t>(k));
+ }
+
+ if (k == 1)
+ {
+ // dE+123
+ // len <= 1 + 5
+
+ buf += 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // d.igitsE+123
+ // len <= max_digits10 + 1 + 5
+
+ std::memmove(buf + 2, buf + 1, static_cast<size_t>(k) - 1);
+ buf[1] = '.';
+ buf += 1 + static_cast<size_t>(k);
+ }
+
+ *buf++ = 'e';
+ return append_exponent(buf, n - 1);
+}
+
+} // namespace dtoa_impl
+
+/*!
+@brief generates a decimal representation of the floating-point number value in [first, last).
+
+The format of the resulting decimal representation is similar to printf's %g
+format. Returns an iterator pointing past-the-end of the decimal representation.
+
+@note The input number must be finite, i.e. NaN's and Inf's are not supported.
+@note The buffer must be large enough.
+@note The result is NOT null-terminated.
+*/
+template<typename FloatType>
+JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1, 2)
+JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+char* to_chars(char* first, const char* last, FloatType value)
+{
+ static_cast<void>(last); // maybe unused - fix warning
+ JSON_ASSERT(std::isfinite(value));
+
+ // Use signbit(value) instead of (value < 0) since signbit works for -0.
+ if (std::signbit(value))
+ {
+ value = -value;
+ *first++ = '-';
+ }
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
+#endif
+ if (value == 0) // +-0
+ {
+ *first++ = '0';
+ // Make it look like a floating-point number (#362, #378)
+ *first++ = '.';
+ *first++ = '0';
+ return first;
+ }
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(last - first >= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
+
+ // Compute v = buffer * 10^decimal_exponent.
+ // The decimal digits are stored in the buffer, which needs to be interpreted
+ // as an unsigned decimal integer.
+ // len is the length of the buffer, i.e. the number of decimal digits.
+ int len = 0;
+ int decimal_exponent = 0;
+ dtoa_impl::grisu2(first, len, decimal_exponent, value);
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(len <= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
+
+ // Format the buffer like printf("%.*g", prec, value)
+ constexpr int kMinExp = -4;
+ // Use digits10 here to increase compatibility with version 2.
+ constexpr int kMaxExp = std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::digits10;
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(last - first >= kMaxExp + 2);
+ JSON_ASSERT(last - first >= 2 + (-kMinExp - 1) + std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
+ JSON_ASSERT(last - first >= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10 + 6);
+
+ return dtoa_impl::format_buffer(first, len, decimal_exponent, kMinExp, kMaxExp);
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/output/binary_writer.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/output/output_adapters.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+///////////////////
+// serialization //
+///////////////////
+
+/// how to treat decoding errors
+enum class error_handler_t
+{
+ strict, ///< throw a type_error exception in case of invalid UTF-8
+ replace, ///< replace invalid UTF-8 sequences with U+FFFD
+ ignore ///< ignore invalid UTF-8 sequences
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class serializer
+{
+ using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using binary_char_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t::value_type;
+ static constexpr std::uint8_t UTF8_ACCEPT = 0;
+ static constexpr std::uint8_t UTF8_REJECT = 1;
+
+ public:
+ /*!
+ @param[in] s output stream to serialize to
+ @param[in] ichar indentation character to use
+ @param[in] error_handler_ how to react on decoding errors
+ */
+ serializer(output_adapter_t<char> s, const char ichar,
+ error_handler_t error_handler_ = error_handler_t::strict)
+ : o(std::move(s))
+ , loc(std::localeconv())
+ , thousands_sep(loc->thousands_sep == nullptr ? '\0' : std::char_traits<char>::to_char_type(* (loc->thousands_sep)))
+ , decimal_point(loc->decimal_point == nullptr ? '\0' : std::char_traits<char>::to_char_type(* (loc->decimal_point)))
+ , indent_char(ichar)
+ , indent_string(512, indent_char)
+ , error_handler(error_handler_)
+ {}
+
+ // delete because of pointer members
+ serializer(const serializer&) = delete;
+ serializer& operator=(const serializer&) = delete;
+ serializer(serializer&&) = delete;
+ serializer& operator=(serializer&&) = delete;
+ ~serializer() = default;
+
+ /*!
+ @brief internal implementation of the serialization function
+
+ This function is called by the public member function dump and organizes
+ the serialization internally. The indentation level is propagated as
+ additional parameter. In case of arrays and objects, the function is
+ called recursively.
+
+ - strings and object keys are escaped using `escape_string()`
+ - integer numbers are converted implicitly via `operator<<`
+ - floating-point numbers are converted to a string using `"%g"` format
+ - binary values are serialized as objects containing the subtype and the
+ byte array
+
+ @param[in] val value to serialize
+ @param[in] pretty_print whether the output shall be pretty-printed
+ @param[in] ensure_ascii If @a ensure_ascii is true, all non-ASCII characters
+ in the output are escaped with `\uXXXX` sequences, and the result consists
+ of ASCII characters only.
+ @param[in] indent_step the indent level
+ @param[in] current_indent the current indent level (only used internally)
+ */
+ void dump(const BasicJsonType& val,
+ const bool pretty_print,
+ const bool ensure_ascii,
+ const unsigned int indent_step,
+ const unsigned int current_indent = 0)
+ {
+ switch (val.m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ if (val.m_data.m_value.object->empty())
+ {
+ o->write_characters("{}", 2);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (pretty_print)
+ {
+ o->write_characters("{\n", 2);
+
+ // variable to hold indentation for recursive calls
+ const auto new_indent = current_indent + indent_step;
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(indent_string.size() < new_indent))
+ {
+ indent_string.resize(indent_string.size() * 2, ' ');
+ }
+
+ // first n-1 elements
+ auto i = val.m_data.m_value.object->cbegin();
+ for (std::size_t cnt = 0; cnt < val.m_data.m_value.object->size() - 1; ++cnt, ++i)
+ {
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent);
+ o->write_character('\"');
+ dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii);
+ o->write_characters("\": ", 3);
+ dump(i->second, true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent);
+ o->write_characters(",\n", 2);
+ }
+
+ // last element
+ JSON_ASSERT(i != val.m_data.m_value.object->cend());
+ JSON_ASSERT(std::next(i) == val.m_data.m_value.object->cend());
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent);
+ o->write_character('\"');
+ dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii);
+ o->write_characters("\": ", 3);
+ dump(i->second, true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent);
+
+ o->write_character('\n');
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), current_indent);
+ o->write_character('}');
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ o->write_character('{');
+
+ // first n-1 elements
+ auto i = val.m_data.m_value.object->cbegin();
+ for (std::size_t cnt = 0; cnt < val.m_data.m_value.object->size() - 1; ++cnt, ++i)
+ {
+ o->write_character('\"');
+ dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii);
+ o->write_characters("\":", 2);
+ dump(i->second, false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent);
+ o->write_character(',');
+ }
+
+ // last element
+ JSON_ASSERT(i != val.m_data.m_value.object->cend());
+ JSON_ASSERT(std::next(i) == val.m_data.m_value.object->cend());
+ o->write_character('\"');
+ dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii);
+ o->write_characters("\":", 2);
+ dump(i->second, false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent);
+
+ o->write_character('}');
+ }
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (val.m_data.m_value.array->empty())
+ {
+ o->write_characters("[]", 2);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (pretty_print)
+ {
+ o->write_characters("[\n", 2);
+
+ // variable to hold indentation for recursive calls
+ const auto new_indent = current_indent + indent_step;
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(indent_string.size() < new_indent))
+ {
+ indent_string.resize(indent_string.size() * 2, ' ');
+ }
+
+ // first n-1 elements
+ for (auto i = val.m_data.m_value.array->cbegin();
+ i != val.m_data.m_value.array->cend() - 1; ++i)
+ {
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent);
+ dump(*i, true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent);
+ o->write_characters(",\n", 2);
+ }
+
+ // last element
+ JSON_ASSERT(!val.m_data.m_value.array->empty());
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent);
+ dump(val.m_data.m_value.array->back(), true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent);
+
+ o->write_character('\n');
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), current_indent);
+ o->write_character(']');
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ o->write_character('[');
+
+ // first n-1 elements
+ for (auto i = val.m_data.m_value.array->cbegin();
+ i != val.m_data.m_value.array->cend() - 1; ++i)
+ {
+ dump(*i, false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent);
+ o->write_character(',');
+ }
+
+ // last element
+ JSON_ASSERT(!val.m_data.m_value.array->empty());
+ dump(val.m_data.m_value.array->back(), false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent);
+
+ o->write_character(']');
+ }
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ o->write_character('\"');
+ dump_escaped(*val.m_data.m_value.string, ensure_ascii);
+ o->write_character('\"');
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ if (pretty_print)
+ {
+ o->write_characters("{\n", 2);
+
+ // variable to hold indentation for recursive calls
+ const auto new_indent = current_indent + indent_step;
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(indent_string.size() < new_indent))
+ {
+ indent_string.resize(indent_string.size() * 2, ' ');
+ }
+
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent);
+
+ o->write_characters("\"bytes\": [", 10);
+
+ if (!val.m_data.m_value.binary->empty())
+ {
+ for (auto i = val.m_data.m_value.binary->cbegin();
+ i != val.m_data.m_value.binary->cend() - 1; ++i)
+ {
+ dump_integer(*i);
+ o->write_characters(", ", 2);
+ }
+ dump_integer(val.m_data.m_value.binary->back());
+ }
+
+ o->write_characters("],\n", 3);
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent);
+
+ o->write_characters("\"subtype\": ", 11);
+ if (val.m_data.m_value.binary->has_subtype())
+ {
+ dump_integer(val.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype());
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ o->write_characters("null", 4);
+ }
+ o->write_character('\n');
+ o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), current_indent);
+ o->write_character('}');
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ o->write_characters("{\"bytes\":[", 10);
+
+ if (!val.m_data.m_value.binary->empty())
+ {
+ for (auto i = val.m_data.m_value.binary->cbegin();
+ i != val.m_data.m_value.binary->cend() - 1; ++i)
+ {
+ dump_integer(*i);
+ o->write_character(',');
+ }
+ dump_integer(val.m_data.m_value.binary->back());
+ }
+
+ o->write_characters("],\"subtype\":", 12);
+ if (val.m_data.m_value.binary->has_subtype())
+ {
+ dump_integer(val.m_data.m_value.binary->subtype());
+ o->write_character('}');
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ o->write_characters("null}", 5);
+ }
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ if (val.m_data.m_value.boolean)
+ {
+ o->write_characters("true", 4);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ o->write_characters("false", 5);
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ dump_integer(val.m_data.m_value.number_integer);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ dump_integer(val.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ dump_float(val.m_data.m_value.number_float);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ {
+ o->write_characters("<discarded>", 11);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ o->write_characters("null", 4);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ /*!
+ @brief dump escaped string
+
+ Escape a string by replacing certain special characters by a sequence of an
+ escape character (backslash) and another character and other control
+ characters by a sequence of "\u" followed by a four-digit hex
+ representation. The escaped string is written to output stream @a o.
+
+ @param[in] s the string to escape
+ @param[in] ensure_ascii whether to escape non-ASCII characters with
+ \uXXXX sequences
+
+ @complexity Linear in the length of string @a s.
+ */
+ void dump_escaped(const string_t& s, const bool ensure_ascii)
+ {
+ std::uint32_t codepoint{};
+ std::uint8_t state = UTF8_ACCEPT;
+ std::size_t bytes = 0; // number of bytes written to string_buffer
+
+ // number of bytes written at the point of the last valid byte
+ std::size_t bytes_after_last_accept = 0;
+ std::size_t undumped_chars = 0;
+
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i)
+ {
+ const auto byte = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(s[i]);
+
+ switch (decode(state, codepoint, byte))
+ {
+ case UTF8_ACCEPT: // decode found a new code point
+ {
+ switch (codepoint)
+ {
+ case 0x08: // backspace
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'b';
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case 0x09: // horizontal tab
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 't';
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0A: // newline
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'n';
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0C: // formfeed
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'f';
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case 0x0D: // carriage return
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'r';
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case 0x22: // quotation mark
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\"';
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case 0x5C: // reverse solidus
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ break;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ {
+ // escape control characters (0x00..0x1F) or, if
+ // ensure_ascii parameter is used, non-ASCII characters
+ if ((codepoint <= 0x1F) || (ensure_ascii && (codepoint >= 0x7F)))
+ {
+ if (codepoint <= 0xFFFF)
+ {
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+ static_cast<void>((std::snprintf)(string_buffer.data() + bytes, 7, "\\u%04x",
+ static_cast<std::uint16_t>(codepoint)));
+ bytes += 6;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+ static_cast<void>((std::snprintf)(string_buffer.data() + bytes, 13, "\\u%04x\\u%04x",
+ static_cast<std::uint16_t>(0xD7C0u + (codepoint >> 10u)),
+ static_cast<std::uint16_t>(0xDC00u + (codepoint & 0x3FFu))));
+ bytes += 12;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // copy byte to buffer (all previous bytes
+ // been copied have in default case above)
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = s[i];
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // write buffer and reset index; there must be 13 bytes
+ // left, as this is the maximal number of bytes to be
+ // written ("\uxxxx\uxxxx\0") for one code point
+ if (string_buffer.size() - bytes < 13)
+ {
+ o->write_characters(string_buffer.data(), bytes);
+ bytes = 0;
+ }
+
+ // remember the byte position of this accept
+ bytes_after_last_accept = bytes;
+ undumped_chars = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case UTF8_REJECT: // decode found invalid UTF-8 byte
+ {
+ switch (error_handler)
+ {
+ case error_handler_t::strict:
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(316, concat("invalid UTF-8 byte at index ", std::to_string(i), ": 0x", hex_bytes(byte | 0)), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ case error_handler_t::ignore:
+ case error_handler_t::replace:
+ {
+ // in case we saw this character the first time, we
+ // would like to read it again, because the byte
+ // may be OK for itself, but just not OK for the
+ // previous sequence
+ if (undumped_chars > 0)
+ {
+ --i;
+ }
+
+ // reset length buffer to the last accepted index;
+ // thus removing/ignoring the invalid characters
+ bytes = bytes_after_last_accept;
+
+ if (error_handler == error_handler_t::replace)
+ {
+ // add a replacement character
+ if (ensure_ascii)
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = '\\';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'u';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'f';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'f';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'f';
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = 'd';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = detail::binary_writer<BasicJsonType, char>::to_char_type('\xEF');
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = detail::binary_writer<BasicJsonType, char>::to_char_type('\xBF');
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = detail::binary_writer<BasicJsonType, char>::to_char_type('\xBD');
+ }
+
+ // write buffer and reset index; there must be 13 bytes
+ // left, as this is the maximal number of bytes to be
+ // written ("\uxxxx\uxxxx\0") for one code point
+ if (string_buffer.size() - bytes < 13)
+ {
+ o->write_characters(string_buffer.data(), bytes);
+ bytes = 0;
+ }
+
+ bytes_after_last_accept = bytes;
+ }
+
+ undumped_chars = 0;
+
+ // continue processing the string
+ state = UTF8_ACCEPT;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ default: // decode found yet incomplete multi-byte code point
+ {
+ if (!ensure_ascii)
+ {
+ // code point will not be escaped - copy byte to buffer
+ string_buffer[bytes++] = s[i];
+ }
+ ++undumped_chars;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // we finished processing the string
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(state == UTF8_ACCEPT))
+ {
+ // write buffer
+ if (bytes > 0)
+ {
+ o->write_characters(string_buffer.data(), bytes);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // we finish reading, but do not accept: string was incomplete
+ switch (error_handler)
+ {
+ case error_handler_t::strict:
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(316, concat("incomplete UTF-8 string; last byte: 0x", hex_bytes(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(s.back() | 0))), nullptr));
+ }
+
+ case error_handler_t::ignore:
+ {
+ // write all accepted bytes
+ o->write_characters(string_buffer.data(), bytes_after_last_accept);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case error_handler_t::replace:
+ {
+ // write all accepted bytes
+ o->write_characters(string_buffer.data(), bytes_after_last_accept);
+ // add a replacement character
+ if (ensure_ascii)
+ {
+ o->write_characters("\\ufffd", 6);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ o->write_characters("\xEF\xBF\xBD", 3);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /*!
+ @brief count digits
+
+ Count the number of decimal (base 10) digits for an input unsigned integer.
+
+ @param[in] x unsigned integer number to count its digits
+ @return number of decimal digits
+ */
+ unsigned int count_digits(number_unsigned_t x) noexcept
+ {
+ unsigned int n_digits = 1;
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ if (x < 10)
+ {
+ return n_digits;
+ }
+ if (x < 100)
+ {
+ return n_digits + 1;
+ }
+ if (x < 1000)
+ {
+ return n_digits + 2;
+ }
+ if (x < 10000)
+ {
+ return n_digits + 3;
+ }
+ x = x / 10000u;
+ n_digits += 4;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ * @brief convert a byte to a uppercase hex representation
+ * @param[in] byte byte to represent
+ * @return representation ("00".."FF")
+ */
+ static std::string hex_bytes(std::uint8_t byte)
+ {
+ std::string result = "FF";
+ constexpr const char* nibble_to_hex = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+ result[0] = nibble_to_hex[byte / 16];
+ result[1] = nibble_to_hex[byte % 16];
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ // templates to avoid warnings about useless casts
+ template <typename NumberType, enable_if_t<std::is_signed<NumberType>::value, int> = 0>
+ bool is_negative_number(NumberType x)
+ {
+ return x < 0;
+ }
+
+ template < typename NumberType, enable_if_t <std::is_unsigned<NumberType>::value, int > = 0 >
+ bool is_negative_number(NumberType /*unused*/)
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief dump an integer
+
+ Dump a given integer to output stream @a o. Works internally with
+ @a number_buffer.
+
+ @param[in] x integer number (signed or unsigned) to dump
+ @tparam NumberType either @a number_integer_t or @a number_unsigned_t
+ */
+ template < typename NumberType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ std::is_integral<NumberType>::value ||
+ std::is_same<NumberType, number_unsigned_t>::value ||
+ std::is_same<NumberType, number_integer_t>::value ||
+ std::is_same<NumberType, binary_char_t>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+ void dump_integer(NumberType x)
+ {
+ static constexpr std::array<std::array<char, 2>, 100> digits_to_99
+ {
+ {
+ {{'0', '0'}}, {{'0', '1'}}, {{'0', '2'}}, {{'0', '3'}}, {{'0', '4'}}, {{'0', '5'}}, {{'0', '6'}}, {{'0', '7'}}, {{'0', '8'}}, {{'0', '9'}},
+ {{'1', '0'}}, {{'1', '1'}}, {{'1', '2'}}, {{'1', '3'}}, {{'1', '4'}}, {{'1', '5'}}, {{'1', '6'}}, {{'1', '7'}}, {{'1', '8'}}, {{'1', '9'}},
+ {{'2', '0'}}, {{'2', '1'}}, {{'2', '2'}}, {{'2', '3'}}, {{'2', '4'}}, {{'2', '5'}}, {{'2', '6'}}, {{'2', '7'}}, {{'2', '8'}}, {{'2', '9'}},
+ {{'3', '0'}}, {{'3', '1'}}, {{'3', '2'}}, {{'3', '3'}}, {{'3', '4'}}, {{'3', '5'}}, {{'3', '6'}}, {{'3', '7'}}, {{'3', '8'}}, {{'3', '9'}},
+ {{'4', '0'}}, {{'4', '1'}}, {{'4', '2'}}, {{'4', '3'}}, {{'4', '4'}}, {{'4', '5'}}, {{'4', '6'}}, {{'4', '7'}}, {{'4', '8'}}, {{'4', '9'}},
+ {{'5', '0'}}, {{'5', '1'}}, {{'5', '2'}}, {{'5', '3'}}, {{'5', '4'}}, {{'5', '5'}}, {{'5', '6'}}, {{'5', '7'}}, {{'5', '8'}}, {{'5', '9'}},
+ {{'6', '0'}}, {{'6', '1'}}, {{'6', '2'}}, {{'6', '3'}}, {{'6', '4'}}, {{'6', '5'}}, {{'6', '6'}}, {{'6', '7'}}, {{'6', '8'}}, {{'6', '9'}},
+ {{'7', '0'}}, {{'7', '1'}}, {{'7', '2'}}, {{'7', '3'}}, {{'7', '4'}}, {{'7', '5'}}, {{'7', '6'}}, {{'7', '7'}}, {{'7', '8'}}, {{'7', '9'}},
+ {{'8', '0'}}, {{'8', '1'}}, {{'8', '2'}}, {{'8', '3'}}, {{'8', '4'}}, {{'8', '5'}}, {{'8', '6'}}, {{'8', '7'}}, {{'8', '8'}}, {{'8', '9'}},
+ {{'9', '0'}}, {{'9', '1'}}, {{'9', '2'}}, {{'9', '3'}}, {{'9', '4'}}, {{'9', '5'}}, {{'9', '6'}}, {{'9', '7'}}, {{'9', '8'}}, {{'9', '9'}},
+ }
+ };
+
+ // special case for "0"
+ if (x == 0)
+ {
+ o->write_character('0');
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // use a pointer to fill the buffer
+ auto buffer_ptr = number_buffer.begin(); // NOLINT(llvm-qualified-auto,readability-qualified-auto,cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+
+ number_unsigned_t abs_value;
+
+ unsigned int n_chars{};
+
+ if (is_negative_number(x))
+ {
+ *buffer_ptr = '-';
+ abs_value = remove_sign(static_cast<number_integer_t>(x));
+
+ // account one more byte for the minus sign
+ n_chars = 1 + count_digits(abs_value);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ abs_value = static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(x);
+ n_chars = count_digits(abs_value);
+ }
+
+ // spare 1 byte for '\0'
+ JSON_ASSERT(n_chars < number_buffer.size() - 1);
+
+ // jump to the end to generate the string from backward,
+ // so we later avoid reversing the result
+ buffer_ptr += n_chars;
+
+ // Fast int2ascii implementation inspired by "Fastware" talk by Andrei Alexandrescu
+ // See: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4-CwDo2zpg
+ while (abs_value >= 100)
+ {
+ const auto digits_index = static_cast<unsigned>((abs_value % 100));
+ abs_value /= 100;
+ *(--buffer_ptr) = digits_to_99[digits_index][1];
+ *(--buffer_ptr) = digits_to_99[digits_index][0];
+ }
+
+ if (abs_value >= 10)
+ {
+ const auto digits_index = static_cast<unsigned>(abs_value);
+ *(--buffer_ptr) = digits_to_99[digits_index][1];
+ *(--buffer_ptr) = digits_to_99[digits_index][0];
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ *(--buffer_ptr) = static_cast<char>('0' + abs_value);
+ }
+
+ o->write_characters(number_buffer.data(), n_chars);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief dump a floating-point number
+
+ Dump a given floating-point number to output stream @a o. Works internally
+ with @a number_buffer.
+
+ @param[in] x floating-point number to dump
+ */
+ void dump_float(number_float_t x)
+ {
+ // NaN / inf
+ if (!std::isfinite(x))
+ {
+ o->write_characters("null", 4);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // If number_float_t is an IEEE-754 single or double precision number,
+ // use the Grisu2 algorithm to produce short numbers which are
+ // guaranteed to round-trip, using strtof and strtod, resp.
+ //
+ // NB: The test below works if <long double> == <double>.
+ static constexpr bool is_ieee_single_or_double
+ = (std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::is_iec559 && std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::digits == 24 && std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::max_exponent == 128) ||
+ (std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::is_iec559 && std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::digits == 53 && std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::max_exponent == 1024);
+
+ dump_float(x, std::integral_constant<bool, is_ieee_single_or_double>());
+ }
+
+ void dump_float(number_float_t x, std::true_type /*is_ieee_single_or_double*/)
+ {
+ auto* begin = number_buffer.data();
+ auto* end = ::nlohmann::detail::to_chars(begin, begin + number_buffer.size(), x);
+
+ o->write_characters(begin, static_cast<size_t>(end - begin));
+ }
+
+ void dump_float(number_float_t x, std::false_type /*is_ieee_single_or_double*/)
+ {
+ // get number of digits for a float -> text -> float round-trip
+ static constexpr auto d = std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::max_digits10;
+
+ // the actual conversion
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+ std::ptrdiff_t len = (std::snprintf)(number_buffer.data(), number_buffer.size(), "%.*g", d, x);
+
+ // negative value indicates an error
+ JSON_ASSERT(len > 0);
+ // check if buffer was large enough
+ JSON_ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(len) < number_buffer.size());
+
+ // erase thousands separator
+ if (thousands_sep != '\0')
+ {
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-qualified-auto,llvm-qualified-auto): std::remove returns an iterator, see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/3081
+ const auto end = std::remove(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.begin() + len, thousands_sep);
+ std::fill(end, number_buffer.end(), '\0');
+ JSON_ASSERT((end - number_buffer.begin()) <= len);
+ len = (end - number_buffer.begin());
+ }
+
+ // convert decimal point to '.'
+ if (decimal_point != '\0' && decimal_point != '.')
+ {
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-qualified-auto,llvm-qualified-auto): std::find returns an iterator, see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/3081
+ const auto dec_pos = std::find(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.end(), decimal_point);
+ if (dec_pos != number_buffer.end())
+ {
+ *dec_pos = '.';
+ }
+ }
+
+ o->write_characters(number_buffer.data(), static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+
+ // determine if we need to append ".0"
+ const bool value_is_int_like =
+ std::none_of(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.begin() + len + 1,
+ [](char c)
+ {
+ return c == '.' || c == 'e';
+ });
+
+ if (value_is_int_like)
+ {
+ o->write_characters(".0", 2);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief check whether a string is UTF-8 encoded
+
+ The function checks each byte of a string whether it is UTF-8 encoded. The
+ result of the check is stored in the @a state parameter. The function must
+ be called initially with state 0 (accept). State 1 means the string must
+ be rejected, because the current byte is not allowed. If the string is
+ completely processed, but the state is non-zero, the string ended
+ prematurely; that is, the last byte indicated more bytes should have
+ followed.
+
+ @param[in,out] state the state of the decoding
+ @param[in,out] codep codepoint (valid only if resulting state is UTF8_ACCEPT)
+ @param[in] byte next byte to decode
+ @return new state
+
+ @note The function has been edited: a std::array is used.
+
+ @copyright Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Bjoern Hoehrmann <bjoern@hoehrmann.de>
+ @sa http://bjoern.hoehrmann.de/utf-8/decoder/dfa/
+ */
+ static std::uint8_t decode(std::uint8_t& state, std::uint32_t& codep, const std::uint8_t byte) noexcept
+ {
+ static const std::array<std::uint8_t, 400> utf8d =
+ {
+ {
+ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 00..1F
+ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 20..3F
+ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 40..5F
+ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 60..7F
+ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, // 80..9F
+ 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, // A0..BF
+ 8, 8, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, // C0..DF
+ 0xA, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x4, 0x3, 0x3, // E0..EF
+ 0xB, 0x6, 0x6, 0x6, 0x5, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, // F0..FF
+ 0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x5, 0x8, 0x7, 0x1, 0x1, 0x1, 0x4, 0x6, 0x1, 0x1, 0x1, 0x1, // s0..s0
+ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // s1..s2
+ 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // s3..s4
+ 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // s5..s6
+ 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 // s7..s8
+ }
+ };
+
+ JSON_ASSERT(byte < utf8d.size());
+ const std::uint8_t type = utf8d[byte];
+
+ codep = (state != UTF8_ACCEPT)
+ ? (byte & 0x3fu) | (codep << 6u)
+ : (0xFFu >> type) & (byte);
+
+ const std::size_t index = 256u + (static_cast<size_t>(state) * 16u) + static_cast<size_t>(type);
+ JSON_ASSERT(index < utf8d.size());
+ state = utf8d[index];
+ return state;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Overload to make the compiler happy while it is instantiating
+ * dump_integer for number_unsigned_t.
+ * Must never be called.
+ */
+ number_unsigned_t remove_sign(number_unsigned_t x)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ return x; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Helper function for dump_integer
+ *
+ * This function takes a negative signed integer and returns its absolute
+ * value as unsigned integer. The plus/minus shuffling is necessary as we can
+ * not directly remove the sign of an arbitrary signed integer as the
+ * absolute values of INT_MIN and INT_MAX are usually not the same. See
+ * #1708 for details.
+ */
+ number_unsigned_t remove_sign(number_integer_t x) noexcept
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(x < 0 && x < (std::numeric_limits<number_integer_t>::max)()); // NOLINT(misc-redundant-expression)
+ return static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(-(x + 1)) + 1;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /// the output of the serializer
+ output_adapter_t<char> o = nullptr;
+
+ /// a (hopefully) large enough character buffer
+ std::array<char, 64> number_buffer{{}};
+
+ /// the locale
+ const std::lconv* loc = nullptr;
+ /// the locale's thousand separator character
+ const char thousands_sep = '\0';
+ /// the locale's decimal point character
+ const char decimal_point = '\0';
+
+ /// string buffer
+ std::array<char, 512> string_buffer{{}};
+
+ /// the indentation character
+ const char indent_char;
+ /// the indentation string
+ string_t indent_string;
+
+ /// error_handler how to react on decoding errors
+ const error_handler_t error_handler;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/ordered_map.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <functional> // equal_to, less
+#include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
+#include <iterator> // input_iterator_tag, iterator_traits
+#include <memory> // allocator
+#include <stdexcept> // for out_of_range
+#include <type_traits> // enable_if, is_convertible
+#include <utility> // pair
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/// ordered_map: a minimal map-like container that preserves insertion order
+/// for use within nlohmann::basic_json<ordered_map>
+template <class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess = std::less<Key>,
+ class Allocator = std::allocator<std::pair<const Key, T>>>
+ struct ordered_map : std::vector<std::pair<const Key, T>, Allocator>
+{
+ using key_type = Key;
+ using mapped_type = T;
+ using Container = std::vector<std::pair<const Key, T>, Allocator>;
+ using iterator = typename Container::iterator;
+ using const_iterator = typename Container::const_iterator;
+ using size_type = typename Container::size_type;
+ using value_type = typename Container::value_type;
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+ using key_compare = std::equal_to<>;
+#else
+ using key_compare = std::equal_to<Key>;
+#endif
+
+ // Explicit constructors instead of `using Container::Container`
+ // otherwise older compilers choke on it (GCC <= 5.5, xcode <= 9.4)
+ ordered_map() noexcept(noexcept(Container())) : Container{} {}
+ explicit ordered_map(const Allocator& alloc) noexcept(noexcept(Container(alloc))) : Container{alloc} {}
+ template <class It>
+ ordered_map(It first, It last, const Allocator& alloc = Allocator())
+ : Container{first, last, alloc} {}
+ ordered_map(std::initializer_list<value_type> init, const Allocator& alloc = Allocator() )
+ : Container{init, alloc} {}
+
+ std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(const key_type& key, T&& t)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return {it, false};
+ }
+ }
+ Container::emplace_back(key, std::forward<T>(t));
+ return {std::prev(this->end()), true};
+ }
+
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(KeyType && key, T && t)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return {it, false};
+ }
+ }
+ Container::emplace_back(std::forward<KeyType>(key), std::forward<T>(t));
+ return {std::prev(this->end()), true};
+ }
+
+ T& operator[](const key_type& key)
+ {
+ return emplace(key, T{}).first->second;
+ }
+
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ T & operator[](KeyType && key)
+ {
+ return emplace(std::forward<KeyType>(key), T{}).first->second;
+ }
+
+ const T& operator[](const key_type& key) const
+ {
+ return at(key);
+ }
+
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ const T & operator[](KeyType && key) const
+ {
+ return at(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ }
+
+ T& at(const key_type& key)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return it->second;
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("key not found"));
+ }
+
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ T & at(KeyType && key) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-missing-std-forward)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return it->second;
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("key not found"));
+ }
+
+ const T& at(const key_type& key) const
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return it->second;
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("key not found"));
+ }
+
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ const T & at(KeyType && key) const // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-missing-std-forward)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return it->second;
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("key not found"));
+ }
+
+ size_type erase(const key_type& key)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ // Since we cannot move const Keys, re-construct them in place
+ for (auto next = it; ++next != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ it->~value_type(); // Destroy but keep allocation
+ new (&*it) value_type{std::move(*next)};
+ }
+ Container::pop_back();
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ size_type erase(KeyType && key) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-missing-std-forward)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ // Since we cannot move const Keys, re-construct them in place
+ for (auto next = it; ++next != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ it->~value_type(); // Destroy but keep allocation
+ new (&*it) value_type{std::move(*next)};
+ }
+ Container::pop_back();
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ iterator erase(iterator pos)
+ {
+ return erase(pos, std::next(pos));
+ }
+
+ iterator erase(iterator first, iterator last)
+ {
+ if (first == last)
+ {
+ return first;
+ }
+
+ const auto elements_affected = std::distance(first, last);
+ const auto offset = std::distance(Container::begin(), first);
+
+ // This is the start situation. We need to delete elements_affected
+ // elements (3 in this example: e, f, g), and need to return an
+ // iterator past the last deleted element (h in this example).
+ // Note that offset is the distance from the start of the vector
+ // to first. We will need this later.
+
+ // [ a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j ]
+ // ^ ^
+ // first last
+
+ // Since we cannot move const Keys, we re-construct them in place.
+ // We start at first and re-construct (viz. copy) the elements from
+ // the back of the vector. Example for first iteration:
+
+ // ,--------.
+ // v | destroy e and re-construct with h
+ // [ a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j ]
+ // ^ ^
+ // it it + elements_affected
+
+ for (auto it = first; std::next(it, elements_affected) != Container::end(); ++it)
+ {
+ it->~value_type(); // destroy but keep allocation
+ new (&*it) value_type{std::move(*std::next(it, elements_affected))}; // "move" next element to it
+ }
+
+ // [ a, b, c, d, h, i, j, h, i, j ]
+ // ^ ^
+ // first last
+
+ // remove the unneeded elements at the end of the vector
+ Container::resize(this->size() - static_cast<size_type>(elements_affected));
+
+ // [ a, b, c, d, h, i, j ]
+ // ^ ^
+ // first last
+
+ // first is now pointing past the last deleted element, but we cannot
+ // use this iterator, because it may have been invalidated by the
+ // resize call. Instead, we can return begin() + offset.
+ return Container::begin() + offset;
+ }
+
+ size_type count(const key_type& key) const
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ size_type count(KeyType && key) const // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-missing-std-forward)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ iterator find(const key_type& key)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return it;
+ }
+ }
+ return Container::end();
+ }
+
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ iterator find(KeyType && key) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-missing-std-forward)
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return it;
+ }
+ }
+ return Container::end();
+ }
+
+ const_iterator find(const key_type& key) const
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+ {
+ return it;
+ }
+ }
+ return Container::end();
+ }
+
+ std::pair<iterator, bool> insert( value_type&& value )
+ {
+ return emplace(value.first, std::move(value.second));
+ }
+
+ std::pair<iterator, bool> insert( const value_type& value )
+ {
+ for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (m_compare(it->first, value.first))
+ {
+ return {it, false};
+ }
+ }
+ Container::push_back(value);
+ return {--this->end(), true};
+ }
+
+ template<typename InputIt>
+ using require_input_iter = typename std::enable_if<std::is_convertible<typename std::iterator_traits<InputIt>::iterator_category,
+ std::input_iterator_tag>::value>::type;
+
+ template<typename InputIt, typename = require_input_iter<InputIt>>
+ void insert(InputIt first, InputIt last)
+ {
+ for (auto it = first; it != last; ++it)
+ {
+ insert(*it);
+ }
+ }
+
+private:
+ JSON_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS key_compare m_compare = key_compare();
+};
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17)
+ #if JSON_HAS_STATIC_RTTI
+ #include <any>
+ #endif
+ #include <string_view>
+#endif
+
+/*!
+@brief namespace for Niels Lohmann
+@see https://github.com/nlohmann
+@since version 1.0.0
+*/
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/*!
+@brief a class to store JSON values
+
+@internal
+@invariant The member variables @a m_value and @a m_type have the following
+relationship:
+- If `m_type == value_t::object`, then `m_value.object != nullptr`.
+- If `m_type == value_t::array`, then `m_value.array != nullptr`.
+- If `m_type == value_t::string`, then `m_value.string != nullptr`.
+The invariants are checked by member function assert_invariant().
+
+@note ObjectType trick from https://stackoverflow.com/a/9860911
+@endinternal
+
+@since version 1.0.0
+
+@nosubgrouping
+*/
+NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
+class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-special-member-functions)
+ : public ::nlohmann::detail::json_base_class<CustomBaseClass>
+{
+ private:
+ template<detail::value_t> friend struct detail::external_constructor;
+
+ template<typename>
+ friend class ::nlohmann::json_pointer;
+ // can be restored when json_pointer backwards compatibility is removed
+ // friend ::nlohmann::json_pointer<StringType>;
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputType>
+ friend class ::nlohmann::detail::parser;
+ friend ::nlohmann::detail::serializer<basic_json>;
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ friend class ::nlohmann::detail::iter_impl;
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CharType>
+ friend class ::nlohmann::detail::binary_writer;
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputType, typename SAX>
+ friend class ::nlohmann::detail::binary_reader;
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+ friend class ::nlohmann::detail::json_sax_dom_parser;
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+ friend class ::nlohmann::detail::json_sax_dom_callback_parser;
+ friend class ::nlohmann::detail::exception;
+
+ /// workaround type for MSVC
+ using basic_json_t = NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL;
+ using json_base_class_t = ::nlohmann::detail::json_base_class<CustomBaseClass>;
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ // convenience aliases for types residing in namespace detail;
+ using lexer = ::nlohmann::detail::lexer_base<basic_json>;
+
+ template<typename InputAdapterType>
+ static ::nlohmann::detail::parser<basic_json, InputAdapterType> parser(
+ InputAdapterType adapter,
+ detail::parser_callback_t<basic_json>cb = nullptr,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false
+ )
+ {
+ return ::nlohmann::detail::parser<basic_json, InputAdapterType>(std::move(adapter),
+ std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments);
+ }
+
+ private:
+ using primitive_iterator_t = ::nlohmann::detail::primitive_iterator_t;
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ using internal_iterator = ::nlohmann::detail::internal_iterator<BasicJsonType>;
+ template<typename BasicJsonType>
+ using iter_impl = ::nlohmann::detail::iter_impl<BasicJsonType>;
+ template<typename Iterator>
+ using iteration_proxy = ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy<Iterator>;
+ template<typename Base> using json_reverse_iterator = ::nlohmann::detail::json_reverse_iterator<Base>;
+
+ template<typename CharType>
+ using output_adapter_t = ::nlohmann::detail::output_adapter_t<CharType>;
+
+ template<typename InputType>
+ using binary_reader = ::nlohmann::detail::binary_reader<basic_json, InputType>;
+ template<typename CharType> using binary_writer = ::nlohmann::detail::binary_writer<basic_json, CharType>;
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ using serializer = ::nlohmann::detail::serializer<basic_json>;
+
+ public:
+ using value_t = detail::value_t;
+ /// JSON Pointer, see @ref nlohmann::json_pointer
+ using json_pointer = ::nlohmann::json_pointer<StringType>;
+ template<typename T, typename SFINAE>
+ using json_serializer = JSONSerializer<T, SFINAE>;
+ /// how to treat decoding errors
+ using error_handler_t = detail::error_handler_t;
+ /// how to treat CBOR tags
+ using cbor_tag_handler_t = detail::cbor_tag_handler_t;
+ /// how to encode BJData
+ using bjdata_version_t = detail::bjdata_version_t;
+ /// helper type for initializer lists of basic_json values
+ using initializer_list_t = std::initializer_list<detail::json_ref<basic_json>>;
+
+ using input_format_t = detail::input_format_t;
+ /// SAX interface type, see @ref nlohmann::json_sax
+ using json_sax_t = json_sax<basic_json>;
+
+ ////////////////
+ // exceptions //
+ ////////////////
+
+ /// @name exceptions
+ /// Classes to implement user-defined exceptions.
+ /// @{
+
+ using exception = detail::exception;
+ using parse_error = detail::parse_error;
+ using invalid_iterator = detail::invalid_iterator;
+ using type_error = detail::type_error;
+ using out_of_range = detail::out_of_range;
+ using other_error = detail::other_error;
+
+ /// @}
+
+ /////////////////////
+ // container types //
+ /////////////////////
+
+ /// @name container types
+ /// The canonic container types to use @ref basic_json like any other STL
+ /// container.
+ /// @{
+
+ /// the type of elements in a basic_json container
+ using value_type = basic_json;
+
+ /// the type of an element reference
+ using reference = value_type&;
+ /// the type of an element const reference
+ using const_reference = const value_type&;
+
+ /// a type to represent differences between iterators
+ using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+ /// a type to represent container sizes
+ using size_type = std::size_t;
+
+ /// the allocator type
+ using allocator_type = AllocatorType<basic_json>;
+
+ /// the type of an element pointer
+ using pointer = typename std::allocator_traits<allocator_type>::pointer;
+ /// the type of an element const pointer
+ using const_pointer = typename std::allocator_traits<allocator_type>::const_pointer;
+
+ /// an iterator for a basic_json container
+ using iterator = iter_impl<basic_json>;
+ /// a const iterator for a basic_json container
+ using const_iterator = iter_impl<const basic_json>;
+ /// a reverse iterator for a basic_json container
+ using reverse_iterator = json_reverse_iterator<typename basic_json::iterator>;
+ /// a const reverse iterator for a basic_json container
+ using const_reverse_iterator = json_reverse_iterator<typename basic_json::const_iterator>;
+
+ /// @}
+
+ /// @brief returns the allocator associated with the container
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/get_allocator/
+ static allocator_type get_allocator()
+ {
+ return allocator_type();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns version information on the library
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/meta/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json meta()
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+
+ result["copyright"] = "(C) 2013-2025 Niels Lohmann";
+ result["name"] = "JSON for Modern C++";
+ result["url"] = "https://github.com/nlohmann/json";
+ result["version"]["string"] =
+ detail::concat(std::to_string(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR), '.',
+ std::to_string(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR), '.',
+ std::to_string(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH));
+ result["version"]["major"] = NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR;
+ result["version"]["minor"] = NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR;
+ result["version"]["patch"] = NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ result["platform"] = "win32";
+#elif defined __linux__
+ result["platform"] = "linux";
+#elif defined __APPLE__
+ result["platform"] = "apple";
+#elif defined __unix__
+ result["platform"] = "unix";
+#else
+ result["platform"] = "unknown";
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__ICC) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+ result["compiler"] = {{"family", "icc"}, {"version", __INTEL_COMPILER}};
+#elif defined(__clang__)
+ result["compiler"] = {{"family", "clang"}, {"version", __clang_version__}};
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
+ result["compiler"] = {{"family", "gcc"}, {"version", detail::concat(
+ std::to_string(__GNUC__), '.',
+ std::to_string(__GNUC_MINOR__), '.',
+ std::to_string(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__))
+ }
+ };
+#elif defined(__HP_cc) || defined(__HP_aCC)
+ result["compiler"] = "hp"
+#elif defined(__IBMCPP__)
+ result["compiler"] = {{"family", "ilecpp"}, {"version", __IBMCPP__}};
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+ result["compiler"] = {{"family", "msvc"}, {"version", _MSC_VER}};
+#elif defined(__PGI)
+ result["compiler"] = {{"family", "pgcpp"}, {"version", __PGI}};
+#elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+ result["compiler"] = {{"family", "sunpro"}, {"version", __SUNPRO_CC}};
+#else
+ result["compiler"] = {{"family", "unknown"}, {"version", "unknown"}};
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_MSVC_LANG)
+ result["compiler"]["c++"] = std::to_string(_MSVC_LANG);
+#elif defined(__cplusplus)
+ result["compiler"]["c++"] = std::to_string(__cplusplus);
+#else
+ result["compiler"]["c++"] = "unknown";
+#endif
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ ///////////////////////////
+ // JSON value data types //
+ ///////////////////////////
+
+ /// @name JSON value data types
+ /// The data types to store a JSON value. These types are derived from
+ /// the template arguments passed to class @ref basic_json.
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief default object key comparator type
+ /// The actual object key comparator type (@ref object_comparator_t) may be
+ /// different.
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/default_object_comparator_t/
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_14)
+ // use of transparent comparator avoids unnecessary repeated construction of temporaries
+ // in functions involving lookup by key with types other than object_t::key_type (aka. StringType)
+ using default_object_comparator_t = std::less<>;
+#else
+ using default_object_comparator_t = std::less<StringType>;
+#endif
+
+ /// @brief a type for an object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/object_t/
+ using object_t = ObjectType<StringType,
+ basic_json,
+ default_object_comparator_t,
+ AllocatorType<std::pair<const StringType,
+ basic_json>>>;
+
+ /// @brief a type for an array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/array_t/
+ using array_t = ArrayType<basic_json, AllocatorType<basic_json>>;
+
+ /// @brief a type for a string
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/string_t/
+ using string_t = StringType;
+
+ /// @brief a type for a boolean
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/boolean_t/
+ using boolean_t = BooleanType;
+
+ /// @brief a type for a number (integer)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/number_integer_t/
+ using number_integer_t = NumberIntegerType;
+
+ /// @brief a type for a number (unsigned)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/number_unsigned_t/
+ using number_unsigned_t = NumberUnsignedType;
+
+ /// @brief a type for a number (floating-point)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/number_float_t/
+ using number_float_t = NumberFloatType;
+
+ /// @brief a type for a packed binary type
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/binary_t/
+ using binary_t = nlohmann::byte_container_with_subtype<BinaryType>;
+
+ /// @brief object key comparator type
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/object_comparator_t/
+ using object_comparator_t = detail::actual_object_comparator_t<basic_json>;
+
+ /// @}
+
+ private:
+
+ /// helper for exception-safe object creation
+ template<typename T, typename... Args>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+ static T* create(Args&& ... args)
+ {
+ AllocatorType<T> alloc;
+ using AllocatorTraits = std::allocator_traits<AllocatorType<T>>;
+
+ auto deleter = [&](T * obj)
+ {
+ AllocatorTraits::deallocate(alloc, obj, 1);
+ };
+ std::unique_ptr<T, decltype(deleter)> obj(AllocatorTraits::allocate(alloc, 1), deleter);
+ AllocatorTraits::construct(alloc, obj.get(), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+ JSON_ASSERT(obj != nullptr);
+ return obj.release();
+ }
+
+ ////////////////////////
+ // JSON value storage //
+ ////////////////////////
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ /*!
+ @brief a JSON value
+
+ The actual storage for a JSON value of the @ref basic_json class. This
+ union combines the different storage types for the JSON value types
+ defined in @ref value_t.
+
+ JSON type | value_t type | used type
+ --------- | --------------- | ------------------------
+ object | object | pointer to @ref object_t
+ array | array | pointer to @ref array_t
+ string | string | pointer to @ref string_t
+ boolean | boolean | @ref boolean_t
+ number | number_integer | @ref number_integer_t
+ number | number_unsigned | @ref number_unsigned_t
+ number | number_float | @ref number_float_t
+ binary | binary | pointer to @ref binary_t
+ null | null | *no value is stored*
+
+ @note Variable-length types (objects, arrays, and strings) are stored as
+ pointers. The size of the union should not exceed 64 bits if the default
+ value types are used.
+
+ @since version 1.0.0
+ */
+ union json_value
+ {
+ /// object (stored with pointer to save storage)
+ object_t* object;
+ /// array (stored with pointer to save storage)
+ array_t* array;
+ /// string (stored with pointer to save storage)
+ string_t* string;
+ /// binary (stored with pointer to save storage)
+ binary_t* binary;
+ /// boolean
+ boolean_t boolean;
+ /// number (integer)
+ number_integer_t number_integer;
+ /// number (unsigned integer)
+ number_unsigned_t number_unsigned;
+ /// number (floating-point)
+ number_float_t number_float;
+
+ /// default constructor (for null values)
+ json_value() = default;
+ /// constructor for booleans
+ json_value(boolean_t v) noexcept : boolean(v) {}
+ /// constructor for numbers (integer)
+ json_value(number_integer_t v) noexcept : number_integer(v) {}
+ /// constructor for numbers (unsigned)
+ json_value(number_unsigned_t v) noexcept : number_unsigned(v) {}
+ /// constructor for numbers (floating-point)
+ json_value(number_float_t v) noexcept : number_float(v) {}
+ /// constructor for empty values of a given type
+ json_value(value_t t)
+ {
+ switch (t)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ object = create<object_t>();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ array = create<array_t>();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ string = create<string_t>("");
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ binary = create<binary_t>();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ boolean = static_cast<boolean_t>(false);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ number_integer = static_cast<number_integer_t>(0);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ number_unsigned = static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(0);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ number_float = static_cast<number_float_t>(0.0);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ object = nullptr; // silence warning, see #821
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ object = nullptr; // silence warning, see #821
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(t == value_t::null))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(other_error::create(500, "961c151d2e87f2686a955a9be24d316f1362bf21 3.12.0", nullptr)); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// constructor for strings
+ json_value(const string_t& value) : string(create<string_t>(value)) {}
+
+ /// constructor for rvalue strings
+ json_value(string_t&& value) : string(create<string_t>(std::move(value))) {}
+
+ /// constructor for objects
+ json_value(const object_t& value) : object(create<object_t>(value)) {}
+
+ /// constructor for rvalue objects
+ json_value(object_t&& value) : object(create<object_t>(std::move(value))) {}
+
+ /// constructor for arrays
+ json_value(const array_t& value) : array(create<array_t>(value)) {}
+
+ /// constructor for rvalue arrays
+ json_value(array_t&& value) : array(create<array_t>(std::move(value))) {}
+
+ /// constructor for binary arrays
+ json_value(const typename binary_t::container_type& value) : binary(create<binary_t>(value)) {}
+
+ /// constructor for rvalue binary arrays
+ json_value(typename binary_t::container_type&& value) : binary(create<binary_t>(std::move(value))) {}
+
+ /// constructor for binary arrays (internal type)
+ json_value(const binary_t& value) : binary(create<binary_t>(value)) {}
+
+ /// constructor for rvalue binary arrays (internal type)
+ json_value(binary_t&& value) : binary(create<binary_t>(std::move(value))) {}
+
+ void destroy(value_t t)
+ {
+ if (
+ (t == value_t::object && object == nullptr) ||
+ (t == value_t::array && array == nullptr) ||
+ (t == value_t::string && string == nullptr) ||
+ (t == value_t::binary && binary == nullptr)
+ )
+ {
+ //not initialized (e.g. due to exception in the ctor)
+ return;
+ }
+ if (t == value_t::array || t == value_t::object)
+ {
+ // flatten the current json_value to a heap-allocated stack
+ std::vector<basic_json> stack;
+
+ // move the top-level items to stack
+ if (t == value_t::array)
+ {
+ stack.reserve(array->size());
+ std::move(array->begin(), array->end(), std::back_inserter(stack));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ stack.reserve(object->size());
+ for (auto&& it : *object)
+ {
+ stack.push_back(std::move(it.second));
+ }
+ }
+
+ while (!stack.empty())
+ {
+ // move the last item to local variable to be processed
+ basic_json current_item(std::move(stack.back()));
+ stack.pop_back();
+
+ // if current_item is array/object, move
+ // its children to the stack to be processed later
+ if (current_item.is_array())
+ {
+ std::move(current_item.m_data.m_value.array->begin(), current_item.m_data.m_value.array->end(), std::back_inserter(stack));
+
+ current_item.m_data.m_value.array->clear();
+ }
+ else if (current_item.is_object())
+ {
+ for (auto&& it : *current_item.m_data.m_value.object)
+ {
+ stack.push_back(std::move(it.second));
+ }
+
+ current_item.m_data.m_value.object->clear();
+ }
+
+ // it's now safe that current_item get destructed
+ // since it doesn't have any children
+ }
+ }
+
+ switch (t)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ AllocatorType<object_t> alloc;
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::destroy(alloc, object);
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::deallocate(alloc, object, 1);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ AllocatorType<array_t> alloc;
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::destroy(alloc, array);
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::deallocate(alloc, array, 1);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ AllocatorType<string_t> alloc;
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::destroy(alloc, string);
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::deallocate(alloc, string, 1);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ AllocatorType<binary_t> alloc;
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::destroy(alloc, binary);
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::deallocate(alloc, binary, 1);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ };
+
+ private:
+ /*!
+ @brief checks the class invariants
+
+ This function asserts the class invariants. It needs to be called at the
+ end of every constructor to make sure that created objects respect the
+ invariant. Furthermore, it has to be called each time the type of a JSON
+ value is changed, because the invariant expresses a relationship between
+ @a m_type and @a m_value.
+
+ Furthermore, the parent relation is checked for arrays and objects: If
+ @a check_parents true and the value is an array or object, then the
+ container's elements must have the current value as parent.
+
+ @param[in] check_parents whether the parent relation should be checked.
+ The value is true by default and should only be set to false
+ during destruction of objects when the invariant does not
+ need to hold.
+ */
+ void assert_invariant(bool check_parents = true) const noexcept
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_data.m_type != value_t::object || m_data.m_value.object != nullptr);
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_data.m_type != value_t::array || m_data.m_value.array != nullptr);
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_data.m_type != value_t::string || m_data.m_value.string != nullptr);
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_data.m_type != value_t::binary || m_data.m_value.binary != nullptr);
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ JSON_TRY
+ {
+ // cppcheck-suppress assertWithSideEffect
+ JSON_ASSERT(!check_parents || !is_structured() || std::all_of(begin(), end(), [this](const basic_json & j)
+ {
+ return j.m_parent == this;
+ }));
+ }
+ JSON_CATCH(...) {} // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+#endif
+ static_cast<void>(check_parents);
+ }
+
+ void set_parents()
+ {
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ for (auto& element : *m_data.m_value.array)
+ {
+ element.m_parent = this;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ for (auto& element : *m_data.m_value.object)
+ {
+ element.second.m_parent = this;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+#endif
+ }
+
+ iterator set_parents(iterator it, typename iterator::difference_type count_set_parents)
+ {
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ for (typename iterator::difference_type i = 0; i < count_set_parents; ++i)
+ {
+ (it + i)->m_parent = this;
+ }
+#else
+ static_cast<void>(count_set_parents);
+#endif
+ return it;
+ }
+
+ reference set_parent(reference j, std::size_t old_capacity = detail::unknown_size())
+ {
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ if (old_capacity != detail::unknown_size())
+ {
+ // see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2838
+ JSON_ASSERT(type() == value_t::array);
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(m_data.m_value.array->capacity() != old_capacity))
+ {
+ // capacity has changed: update all parents
+ set_parents();
+ return j;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // ordered_json uses a vector internally, so pointers could have
+ // been invalidated; see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2962
+#ifdef JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION
+#pragma warning(push )
+#pragma warning(disable : 4127) // ignore warning to replace if with if constexpr
+#endif
+ if (detail::is_ordered_map<object_t>::value)
+ {
+ set_parents();
+ return j;
+ }
+#ifdef JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION
+#pragma warning( pop )
+#endif
+
+ j.m_parent = this;
+#else
+ static_cast<void>(j);
+ static_cast<void>(old_capacity);
+#endif
+ return j;
+ }
+
+ public:
+ //////////////////////////
+ // JSON parser callback //
+ //////////////////////////
+
+ /// @brief parser event types
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/parse_event_t/
+ using parse_event_t = detail::parse_event_t;
+
+ /// @brief per-element parser callback type
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/parser_callback_t/
+ using parser_callback_t = detail::parser_callback_t<basic_json>;
+
+ //////////////////
+ // constructors //
+ //////////////////
+
+ /// @name constructors and destructors
+ /// Constructors of class @ref basic_json, copy/move constructor, copy
+ /// assignment, static functions creating objects, and the destructor.
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief create an empty value with a given type
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ basic_json(const value_t v)
+ : m_data(v)
+ {
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a null object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ basic_json(std::nullptr_t = nullptr) noexcept // NOLINT(bugprone-exception-escape)
+ : basic_json(value_t::null)
+ {
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from compatible types
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ template < typename CompatibleType,
+ typename U = detail::uncvref_t<CompatibleType>,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ !detail::is_basic_json<U>::value && detail::is_compatible_type<basic_json_t, U>::value, int > = 0 >
+ basic_json(CompatibleType && val) noexcept(noexcept( // NOLINT(bugprone-forwarding-reference-overload,bugprone-exception-escape)
+ JSONSerializer<U>::to_json(std::declval<basic_json_t&>(),
+ std::forward<CompatibleType>(val))))
+ {
+ JSONSerializer<U>::to_json(*this, std::forward<CompatibleType>(val));
+ set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an existing one
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ template < typename BasicJsonType,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value&& !std::is_same<basic_json, BasicJsonType>::value, int > = 0 >
+ basic_json(const BasicJsonType& val)
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ : start_position(val.start_pos()),
+ end_position(val.end_pos())
+#endif
+ {
+ using other_boolean_t = typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t;
+ using other_number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+ using other_number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+ using other_number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+ using other_string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+ using other_object_t = typename BasicJsonType::object_t;
+ using other_array_t = typename BasicJsonType::array_t;
+ using other_binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+
+ switch (val.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ JSONSerializer<other_boolean_t>::to_json(*this, val.template get<other_boolean_t>());
+ break;
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ JSONSerializer<other_number_float_t>::to_json(*this, val.template get<other_number_float_t>());
+ break;
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ JSONSerializer<other_number_integer_t>::to_json(*this, val.template get<other_number_integer_t>());
+ break;
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ JSONSerializer<other_number_unsigned_t>::to_json(*this, val.template get<other_number_unsigned_t>());
+ break;
+ case value_t::string:
+ JSONSerializer<other_string_t>::to_json(*this, val.template get_ref<const other_string_t&>());
+ break;
+ case value_t::object:
+ JSONSerializer<other_object_t>::to_json(*this, val.template get_ref<const other_object_t&>());
+ break;
+ case value_t::array:
+ JSONSerializer<other_array_t>::to_json(*this, val.template get_ref<const other_array_t&>());
+ break;
+ case value_t::binary:
+ JSONSerializer<other_binary_t>::to_json(*this, val.template get_ref<const other_binary_t&>());
+ break;
+ case value_t::null:
+ *this = nullptr;
+ break;
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::discarded;
+ break;
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_data.m_type == val.type());
+
+ set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a container (array or object) from an initializer list
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ basic_json(initializer_list_t init,
+ bool type_deduction = true,
+ value_t manual_type = value_t::array)
+ {
+ // check if each element is an array with two elements whose first
+ // element is a string
+ bool is_an_object = std::all_of(init.begin(), init.end(),
+ [](const detail::json_ref<basic_json>& element_ref)
+ {
+ // The cast is to ensure op[size_type] is called, bearing in mind size_type may not be int;
+ // (many string types can be constructed from 0 via its null-pointer guise, so we get a
+ // broken call to op[key_type], the wrong semantics and a 4804 warning on Windows)
+ return element_ref->is_array() && element_ref->size() == 2 && (*element_ref)[static_cast<size_type>(0)].is_string();
+ });
+
+ // adjust type if type deduction is not wanted
+ if (!type_deduction)
+ {
+ // if array is wanted, do not create an object though possible
+ if (manual_type == value_t::array)
+ {
+ is_an_object = false;
+ }
+
+ // if object is wanted but impossible, throw an exception
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(manual_type == value_t::object && !is_an_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(301, "cannot create object from initializer list", nullptr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (is_an_object)
+ {
+ // the initializer list is a list of pairs -> create object
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ m_data.m_value = value_t::object;
+
+ for (auto& element_ref : init)
+ {
+ auto element = element_ref.moved_or_copied();
+ m_data.m_value.object->emplace(
+ std::move(*((*element.m_data.m_value.array)[0].m_data.m_value.string)),
+ std::move((*element.m_data.m_value.array)[1]));
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // the initializer list describes an array -> create array
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ m_data.m_value.array = create<array_t>(init.begin(), init.end());
+ }
+
+ set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief explicitly create a binary array (without subtype)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/binary/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json binary(const typename binary_t::container_type& init)
+ {
+ auto res = basic_json();
+ res.m_data.m_type = value_t::binary;
+ res.m_data.m_value = init;
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief explicitly create a binary array (with subtype)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/binary/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json binary(const typename binary_t::container_type& init, typename binary_t::subtype_type subtype)
+ {
+ auto res = basic_json();
+ res.m_data.m_type = value_t::binary;
+ res.m_data.m_value = binary_t(init, subtype);
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief explicitly create a binary array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/binary/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json binary(typename binary_t::container_type&& init)
+ {
+ auto res = basic_json();
+ res.m_data.m_type = value_t::binary;
+ res.m_data.m_value = std::move(init);
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief explicitly create a binary array (with subtype)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/binary/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json binary(typename binary_t::container_type&& init, typename binary_t::subtype_type subtype)
+ {
+ auto res = basic_json();
+ res.m_data.m_type = value_t::binary;
+ res.m_data.m_value = binary_t(std::move(init), subtype);
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief explicitly create an array from an initializer list
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/array/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json array(initializer_list_t init = {})
+ {
+ return basic_json(init, false, value_t::array);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief explicitly create an object from an initializer list
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/object/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json object(initializer_list_t init = {})
+ {
+ return basic_json(init, false, value_t::object);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief construct an array with count copies of given value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ basic_json(size_type cnt, const basic_json& val):
+ m_data{cnt, val}
+ {
+ set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief construct a JSON container given an iterator range
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ template < class InputIT, typename std::enable_if <
+ std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
+ std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int >::type = 0 >
+ basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ JSON_ASSERT(first.m_object != nullptr);
+ JSON_ASSERT(last.m_object != nullptr);
+
+ // make sure iterator fits the current value
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(201, "iterators are not compatible", nullptr));
+ }
+
+ // copy type from first iterator
+ m_data.m_type = first.m_object->m_data.m_type;
+
+ // check if iterator range is complete for primitive values
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()
+ || !last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(204, "iterators out of range", first.m_object));
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::object:
+ case value_t::array:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.number_integer = first.m_object->m_data.m_value.number_integer;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.number_unsigned = first.m_object->m_data.m_value.number_unsigned;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.number_float = first.m_object->m_data.m_value.number_float;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.boolean = first.m_object->m_data.m_value.boolean;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = *first.m_object->m_data.m_value.string;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.object = create<object_t>(first.m_it.object_iterator,
+ last.m_it.object_iterator);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.array = create<array_t>(first.m_it.array_iterator,
+ last.m_it.array_iterator);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = *first.m_object->m_data.m_value.binary;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(206, detail::concat("cannot construct with iterators from ", first.m_object->type_name()), first.m_object));
+ }
+
+ set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ ///////////////////////////////////////
+ // other constructors and destructor //
+ ///////////////////////////////////////
+
+ template<typename JsonRef,
+ detail::enable_if_t<detail::conjunction<detail::is_json_ref<JsonRef>,
+ std::is_same<typename JsonRef::value_type, basic_json>>::value, int> = 0 >
+ basic_json(const JsonRef& ref) : basic_json(ref.moved_or_copied()) {}
+
+ /// @brief copy constructor
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ basic_json(const basic_json& other)
+ : json_base_class_t(other)
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ , start_position(other.start_position)
+ , end_position(other.end_position)
+#endif
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = other.m_data.m_type;
+ // check of passed value is valid
+ other.assert_invariant();
+
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = *other.m_data.m_value.object;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = *other.m_data.m_value.array;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = *other.m_data.m_value.string;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = other.m_data.m_value.boolean;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = other.m_data.m_value.number_integer;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = other.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = other.m_data.m_value.number_float;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value = *other.m_data.m_value.binary;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+
+ set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief move constructor
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
+ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept
+ : json_base_class_t(std::forward<json_base_class_t>(other)),
+ m_data(std::move(other.m_data)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessForwarded] TODO check
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ , start_position(other.start_position) // cppcheck-suppress[accessForwarded] TODO check
+ , end_position(other.end_position) // cppcheck-suppress[accessForwarded] TODO check
+#endif
+ {
+ // check that passed value is valid
+ other.assert_invariant(false); // cppcheck-suppress[accessForwarded]
+
+ // invalidate payload
+ other.m_data.m_type = value_t::null;
+ other.m_data.m_value = {};
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ other.start_position = std::string::npos;
+ other.end_position = std::string::npos;
+#endif
+
+ set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief copy assignment
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator=/
+ basic_json& operator=(basic_json other) noexcept (
+ std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value&&
+ std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value&&
+ std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value&&
+ std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_value>::value&&
+ std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_base_class_t>::value
+ )
+ {
+ // check that passed value is valid
+ other.assert_invariant();
+
+ using std::swap;
+ swap(m_data.m_type, other.m_data.m_type);
+ swap(m_data.m_value, other.m_data.m_value);
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ swap(start_position, other.start_position);
+ swap(end_position, other.end_position);
+#endif
+
+ json_base_class_t::operator=(std::move(other));
+
+ set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief destructor
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/~basic_json/
+ ~basic_json() noexcept
+ {
+ assert_invariant(false);
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ public:
+ ///////////////////////
+ // object inspection //
+ ///////////////////////
+
+ /// @name object inspection
+ /// Functions to inspect the type of a JSON value.
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief serialization
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/dump/
+ string_t dump(const int indent = -1,
+ const char indent_char = ' ',
+ const bool ensure_ascii = false,
+ const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::strict) const
+ {
+ string_t result;
+ serializer s(detail::output_adapter<char, string_t>(result), indent_char, error_handler);
+
+ if (indent >= 0)
+ {
+ s.dump(*this, true, ensure_ascii, static_cast<unsigned int>(indent));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ s.dump(*this, false, ensure_ascii, 0);
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return the type of the JSON value (explicit)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/type/
+ constexpr value_t type() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether type is primitive
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_primitive/
+ constexpr bool is_primitive() const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_null() || is_string() || is_boolean() || is_number() || is_binary();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether type is structured
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_structured/
+ constexpr bool is_structured() const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_array() || is_object();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is null
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_null/
+ constexpr bool is_null() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::null;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is a boolean
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_boolean/
+ constexpr bool is_boolean() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::boolean;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is a number
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_number/
+ constexpr bool is_number() const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_number_integer() || is_number_float();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is an integer number
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_number_integer/
+ constexpr bool is_number_integer() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::number_integer || m_data.m_type == value_t::number_unsigned;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is an unsigned integer number
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned/
+ constexpr bool is_number_unsigned() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::number_unsigned;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is a floating-point number
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_number_float/
+ constexpr bool is_number_float() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::number_float;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is an object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_object/
+ constexpr bool is_object() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::object;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is an array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_array/
+ constexpr bool is_array() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::array;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is a string
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_string/
+ constexpr bool is_string() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::string;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is a binary array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_binary/
+ constexpr bool is_binary() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::binary;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return whether value is discarded
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_discarded/
+ constexpr bool is_discarded() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::discarded;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return the type of the JSON value (implicit)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_value_t/
+ constexpr operator value_t() const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type;
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ private:
+ //////////////////
+ // value access //
+ //////////////////
+
+ /// get a boolean (explicit)
+ boolean_t get_impl(boolean_t* /*unused*/) const
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_boolean()))
+ {
+ return m_data.m_value.boolean;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, detail::concat("type must be boolean, but is ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (object)
+ object_t* get_impl_ptr(object_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
+ {
+ return is_object() ? m_data.m_value.object : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (object)
+ constexpr const object_t* get_impl_ptr(const object_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_object() ? m_data.m_value.object : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (array)
+ array_t* get_impl_ptr(array_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
+ {
+ return is_array() ? m_data.m_value.array : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (array)
+ constexpr const array_t* get_impl_ptr(const array_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_array() ? m_data.m_value.array : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (string)
+ string_t* get_impl_ptr(string_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
+ {
+ return is_string() ? m_data.m_value.string : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (string)
+ constexpr const string_t* get_impl_ptr(const string_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_string() ? m_data.m_value.string : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (boolean)
+ boolean_t* get_impl_ptr(boolean_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
+ {
+ return is_boolean() ? &m_data.m_value.boolean : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (boolean)
+ constexpr const boolean_t* get_impl_ptr(const boolean_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_boolean() ? &m_data.m_value.boolean : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (integer number)
+ number_integer_t* get_impl_ptr(number_integer_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::number_integer ? &m_data.m_value.number_integer : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (integer number)
+ constexpr const number_integer_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_integer_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ {
+ return m_data.m_type == value_t::number_integer ? &m_data.m_value.number_integer : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (unsigned number)
+ number_unsigned_t* get_impl_ptr(number_unsigned_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
+ {
+ return is_number_unsigned() ? &m_data.m_value.number_unsigned : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (unsigned number)
+ constexpr const number_unsigned_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_unsigned_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_number_unsigned() ? &m_data.m_value.number_unsigned : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (floating-point number)
+ number_float_t* get_impl_ptr(number_float_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
+ {
+ return is_number_float() ? &m_data.m_value.number_float : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (floating-point number)
+ constexpr const number_float_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_float_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_number_float() ? &m_data.m_value.number_float : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (binary)
+ binary_t* get_impl_ptr(binary_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
+ {
+ return is_binary() ? m_data.m_value.binary : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /// get a pointer to the value (binary)
+ constexpr const binary_t* get_impl_ptr(const binary_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ {
+ return is_binary() ? m_data.m_value.binary : nullptr;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief helper function to implement get_ref()
+
+ This function helps to implement get_ref() without code duplication for
+ const and non-const overloads
+
+ @tparam ThisType will be deduced as `basic_json` or `const basic_json`
+
+ @throw type_error.303 if ReferenceType does not match underlying value
+ type of the current JSON
+ */
+ template<typename ReferenceType, typename ThisType>
+ static ReferenceType get_ref_impl(ThisType& obj)
+ {
+ // delegate the call to get_ptr<>()
+ auto* ptr = obj.template get_ptr<typename std::add_pointer<ReferenceType>::type>();
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(ptr != nullptr))
+ {
+ return *ptr;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(303, detail::concat("incompatible ReferenceType for get_ref, actual type is ", obj.type_name()), &obj));
+ }
+
+ public:
+ /// @name value access
+ /// Direct access to the stored value of a JSON value.
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief get a pointer value (implicit)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/get_ptr/
+ template<typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ auto get_ptr() noexcept -> decltype(std::declval<basic_json_t&>().get_impl_ptr(std::declval<PointerType>()))
+ {
+ // delegate the call to get_impl_ptr<>()
+ return get_impl_ptr(static_cast<PointerType>(nullptr));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief get a pointer value (implicit)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/get_ptr/
+ template < typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if <
+ std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value&&
+ std::is_const<typename std::remove_pointer<PointerType>::type>::value, int >::type = 0 >
+ constexpr auto get_ptr() const noexcept -> decltype(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>().get_impl_ptr(std::declval<PointerType>()))
+ {
+ // delegate the call to get_impl_ptr<>() const
+ return get_impl_ptr(static_cast<PointerType>(nullptr));
+ }
+
+ private:
+ /*!
+ @brief get a value (explicit)
+
+ Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value
+ which is [CopyConstructible](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/CopyConstructible)
+ and [DefaultConstructible](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/DefaultConstructible).
+ The value is converted by calling the @ref json_serializer<ValueType>
+ `from_json()` method.
+
+ The function is equivalent to executing
+ @code {.cpp}
+ ValueType ret;
+ JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this, ret);
+ return ret;
+ @endcode
+
+ This overloads is chosen if:
+ - @a ValueType is not @ref basic_json,
+ - @ref json_serializer<ValueType> has a `from_json()` method of the form
+ `void from_json(const basic_json&, ValueType&)`, and
+ - @ref json_serializer<ValueType> does not have a `from_json()` method of
+ the form `ValueType from_json(const basic_json&)`
+
+ @tparam ValueType the returned value type
+
+ @return copy of the JSON value, converted to @a ValueType
+
+ @throw what @ref json_serializer<ValueType> `from_json()` method throws
+
+ @liveexample{The example below shows several conversions from JSON values
+ to other types. There a few things to note: (1) Floating-point numbers can
+ be converted to integers\, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
+ `std::vector<short>`\, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++
+ associative containers such as `std::unordered_map<std::string\,
+ json>`.,get__ValueType_const}
+
+ @since version 2.1.0
+ */
+ template < typename ValueType,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_default_constructible<ValueType>::value&&
+ detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+ ValueType get_impl(detail::priority_tag<0> /*unused*/) const noexcept(noexcept(
+ JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), std::declval<ValueType&>())))
+ {
+ auto ret = ValueType();
+ JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this, ret);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get a value (explicit); special case
+
+ Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value
+ which is **not** [CopyConstructible](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/CopyConstructible)
+ and **not** [DefaultConstructible](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/DefaultConstructible).
+ The value is converted by calling the @ref json_serializer<ValueType>
+ `from_json()` method.
+
+ The function is equivalent to executing
+ @code {.cpp}
+ return JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this);
+ @endcode
+
+ This overloads is chosen if:
+ - @a ValueType is not @ref basic_json and
+ - @ref json_serializer<ValueType> has a `from_json()` method of the form
+ `ValueType from_json(const basic_json&)`
+
+ @note If @ref json_serializer<ValueType> has both overloads of
+ `from_json()`, this one is chosen.
+
+ @tparam ValueType the returned value type
+
+ @return copy of the JSON value, converted to @a ValueType
+
+ @throw what @ref json_serializer<ValueType> `from_json()` method throws
+
+ @since version 2.1.0
+ */
+ template < typename ValueType,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::has_non_default_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+ ValueType get_impl(detail::priority_tag<1> /*unused*/) const noexcept(noexcept(
+ JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>())))
+ {
+ return JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get special-case overload
+
+ This overloads converts the current @ref basic_json in a different
+ @ref basic_json type
+
+ @tparam BasicJsonType == @ref basic_json
+
+ @return a copy of *this, converted into @a BasicJsonType
+
+ @complexity Depending on the implementation of the called `from_json()`
+ method.
+
+ @since version 3.2.0
+ */
+ template < typename BasicJsonType,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+ BasicJsonType get_impl(detail::priority_tag<2> /*unused*/) const
+ {
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get special-case overload
+
+ This overloads avoids a lot of template boilerplate, it can be seen as the
+ identity method
+
+ @tparam BasicJsonType == @ref basic_json
+
+ @return a copy of *this
+
+ @complexity Constant.
+
+ @since version 2.1.0
+ */
+ template<typename BasicJsonType,
+ detail::enable_if_t<
+ std::is_same<BasicJsonType, basic_json_t>::value,
+ int> = 0>
+ basic_json get_impl(detail::priority_tag<3> /*unused*/) const
+ {
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get a pointer value (explicit)
+ @copydoc get()
+ */
+ template<typename PointerType,
+ detail::enable_if_t<
+ std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value,
+ int> = 0>
+ constexpr auto get_impl(detail::priority_tag<4> /*unused*/) const noexcept
+ -> decltype(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>().template get_ptr<PointerType>())
+ {
+ // delegate the call to get_ptr
+ return get_ptr<PointerType>();
+ }
+
+ public:
+ /*!
+ @brief get a (pointer) value (explicit)
+
+ Performs explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value if required.
+
+ - If the requested type is a pointer to the internally stored JSON value that pointer is returned.
+ No copies are made.
+
+ - If the requested type is the current @ref basic_json, or a different @ref basic_json convertible
+ from the current @ref basic_json.
+
+ - Otherwise the value is converted by calling the @ref json_serializer<ValueType> `from_json()`
+ method.
+
+ @tparam ValueTypeCV the provided value type
+ @tparam ValueType the returned value type
+
+ @return copy of the JSON value, converted to @tparam ValueType if necessary
+
+ @throw what @ref json_serializer<ValueType> `from_json()` method throws if conversion is required
+
+ @since version 2.1.0
+ */
+ template < typename ValueTypeCV, typename ValueType = detail::uncvref_t<ValueTypeCV>>
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_14)
+ constexpr
+#endif
+ auto get() const noexcept(
+ noexcept(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>().template get_impl<ValueType>(detail::priority_tag<4> {})))
+ -> decltype(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>().template get_impl<ValueType>(detail::priority_tag<4> {}))
+ {
+ // we cannot static_assert on ValueTypeCV being non-const, because
+ // there is support for get<const basic_json_t>(), which is why we
+ // still need the uncvref
+ static_assert(!std::is_reference<ValueTypeCV>::value,
+ "get() cannot be used with reference types, you might want to use get_ref()");
+ return get_impl<ValueType>(detail::priority_tag<4> {});
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get a pointer value (explicit)
+
+ Explicit pointer access to the internally stored JSON value. No copies are
+ made.
+
+ @warning The pointer becomes invalid if the underlying JSON object
+ changes.
+
+ @tparam PointerType pointer type; must be a pointer to @ref array_t, @ref
+ object_t, @ref string_t, @ref boolean_t, @ref number_integer_t,
+ @ref number_unsigned_t, or @ref number_float_t.
+
+ @return pointer to the internally stored JSON value if the requested
+ pointer type @a PointerType fits to the JSON value; `nullptr` otherwise
+
+ @complexity Constant.
+
+ @liveexample{The example below shows how pointers to internal values of a
+ JSON value can be requested. Note that no type conversions are made and a
+ `nullptr` is returned if the value and the requested pointer type does not
+ match.,get__PointerType}
+
+ @sa see @ref get_ptr() for explicit pointer-member access
+
+ @since version 1.0.0
+ */
+ template<typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ auto get() noexcept -> decltype(std::declval<basic_json_t&>().template get_ptr<PointerType>())
+ {
+ // delegate the call to get_ptr
+ return get_ptr<PointerType>();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief get a value (explicit)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/get_to/
+ template < typename ValueType,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ !detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value&&
+ detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
+ int > = 0 >
+ ValueType & get_to(ValueType& v) const noexcept(noexcept(
+ JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), v)))
+ {
+ JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this, v);
+ return v;
+ }
+
+ // specialization to allow calling get_to with a basic_json value
+ // see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2175
+ template<typename ValueType,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value,
+ int> = 0>
+ ValueType & get_to(ValueType& v) const
+ {
+ v = *this;
+ return v;
+ }
+
+ template <
+ typename T, std::size_t N,
+ typename Array = T (&)[N], // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, Array>::value, int > = 0 >
+ Array get_to(T (&v)[N]) const // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+ noexcept(noexcept(JSONSerializer<Array>::from_json(
+ std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), v)))
+ {
+ JSONSerializer<Array>::from_json(*this, v);
+ return v;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief get a reference value (implicit)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/get_ref/
+ template<typename ReferenceType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_reference<ReferenceType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ ReferenceType get_ref()
+ {
+ // delegate call to get_ref_impl
+ return get_ref_impl<ReferenceType>(*this);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief get a reference value (implicit)
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/get_ref/
+ template < typename ReferenceType, typename std::enable_if <
+ std::is_reference<ReferenceType>::value&&
+ std::is_const<typename std::remove_reference<ReferenceType>::type>::value, int >::type = 0 >
+ ReferenceType get_ref() const
+ {
+ // delegate call to get_ref_impl
+ return get_ref_impl<ReferenceType>(*this);
+ }
+
+ /*!
+ @brief get a value (implicit)
+
+ Implicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value.
+ The call is realized by calling @ref get() const.
+
+ @tparam ValueType non-pointer type compatible to the JSON value, for
+ instance `int` for JSON integer numbers, `bool` for JSON booleans, or
+ `std::vector` types for JSON arrays. The character type of @ref string_t
+ as well as an initializer list of this type is excluded to avoid
+ ambiguities as these types implicitly convert to `std::string`.
+
+ @return copy of the JSON value, converted to type @a ValueType
+
+ @throw type_error.302 in case passed type @a ValueType is incompatible
+ to the JSON value type (e.g., the JSON value is of type boolean, but a
+ string is requested); see example below
+
+ @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value.
+
+ @liveexample{The example below shows several conversions from JSON values
+ to other types. There a few things to note: (1) Floating-point numbers can
+ be converted to integers\, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
+ `std::vector<short>`\, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++
+ associative containers such as `std::unordered_map<std::string\,
+ json>`.,operator__ValueType}
+
+ @since version 1.0.0
+ */
+ template < typename ValueType, typename std::enable_if <
+ detail::conjunction <
+ detail::negation<std::is_pointer<ValueType>>,
+ detail::negation<std::is_same<ValueType, std::nullptr_t>>,
+ detail::negation<std::is_same<ValueType, detail::json_ref<basic_json>>>,
+ detail::negation<std::is_same<ValueType, typename string_t::value_type>>,
+ detail::negation<detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>>,
+ detail::negation<std::is_same<ValueType, std::initializer_list<typename string_t::value_type>>>,
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17) && (defined(__GNUC__) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1910 && _MSC_VER <= 1914))
+ detail::negation<std::is_same<ValueType, std::string_view>>,
+#endif
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17) && JSON_HAS_STATIC_RTTI
+ detail::negation<std::is_same<ValueType, std::any>>,
+#endif
+ detail::is_detected_lazy<detail::get_template_function, const basic_json_t&, ValueType>
+ >::value, int >::type = 0 >
+ JSON_EXPLICIT operator ValueType() const
+ {
+ // delegate the call to get<>() const
+ return get<ValueType>();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief get a binary value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/get_binary/
+ binary_t& get_binary()
+ {
+ if (!is_binary())
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, detail::concat("type must be binary, but is ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ return *get_ptr<binary_t*>();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief get a binary value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/get_binary/
+ const binary_t& get_binary() const
+ {
+ if (!is_binary())
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, detail::concat("type must be binary, but is ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ return *get_ptr<const binary_t*>();
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ ////////////////////
+ // element access //
+ ////////////////////
+
+ /// @name element access
+ /// Access to the JSON value.
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief access specified array element with bounds checking
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/
+ reference at(size_type idx)
+ {
+ // at only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_TRY
+ {
+ return set_parent(m_data.m_value.array->at(idx));
+ }
+ JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
+ {
+ // create better exception explanation
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, detail::concat("array index ", std::to_string(idx), " is out of range"), this));
+ } // cppcheck-suppress[missingReturn]
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, detail::concat("cannot use at() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified array element with bounds checking
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/
+ const_reference at(size_type idx) const
+ {
+ // at only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_TRY
+ {
+ return m_data.m_value.array->at(idx);
+ }
+ JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
+ {
+ // create better exception explanation
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, detail::concat("array index ", std::to_string(idx), " is out of range"), this));
+ } // cppcheck-suppress[missingReturn]
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, detail::concat("cannot use at() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element with bounds checking
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/
+ reference at(const typename object_t::key_type& key)
+ {
+ // at only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, detail::concat("cannot use at() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ auto it = m_data.m_value.object->find(key);
+ if (it == m_data.m_value.object->end())
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(403, detail::concat("key '", key, "' not found"), this));
+ }
+ return set_parent(it->second);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element with bounds checking
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ reference at(KeyType && key)
+ {
+ // at only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, detail::concat("cannot use at() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ auto it = m_data.m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ if (it == m_data.m_value.object->end())
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(403, detail::concat("key '", string_t(std::forward<KeyType>(key)), "' not found"), this));
+ }
+ return set_parent(it->second);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element with bounds checking
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/
+ const_reference at(const typename object_t::key_type& key) const
+ {
+ // at only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, detail::concat("cannot use at() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ auto it = m_data.m_value.object->find(key);
+ if (it == m_data.m_value.object->end())
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(403, detail::concat("key '", key, "' not found"), this));
+ }
+ return it->second;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element with bounds checking
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ const_reference at(KeyType && key) const
+ {
+ // at only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, detail::concat("cannot use at() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ auto it = m_data.m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ if (it == m_data.m_value.object->end())
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(403, detail::concat("key '", string_t(std::forward<KeyType>(key)), "' not found"), this));
+ }
+ return it->second;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified array element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
+ reference operator[](size_type idx)
+ {
+ // implicitly convert null value to an empty array
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ m_data.m_value.array = create<array_t>();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ // operator[] only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
+ {
+ // fill up array with null values if given idx is outside range
+ if (idx >= m_data.m_value.array->size())
+ {
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ // remember array size & capacity before resizing
+ const auto old_size = m_data.m_value.array->size();
+ const auto old_capacity = m_data.m_value.array->capacity();
+#endif
+ m_data.m_value.array->resize(idx + 1);
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(m_data.m_value.array->capacity() != old_capacity))
+ {
+ // capacity has changed: update all parents
+ set_parents();
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // set parent for values added above
+ set_parents(begin() + static_cast<typename iterator::difference_type>(old_size), static_cast<typename iterator::difference_type>(idx + 1 - old_size));
+ }
+#endif
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ return m_data.m_value.array->operator[](idx);
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, detail::concat("cannot use operator[] with a numeric argument with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified array element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
+ const_reference operator[](size_type idx) const
+ {
+ // const operator[] only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
+ {
+ return m_data.m_value.array->operator[](idx);
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, detail::concat("cannot use operator[] with a numeric argument with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
+ reference operator[](typename object_t::key_type key) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // implicitly convert null value to an empty object
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ m_data.m_value.object = create<object_t>();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ // operator[] only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ auto result = m_data.m_value.object->emplace(std::move(key), nullptr);
+ return set_parent(result.first->second);
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, detail::concat("cannot use operator[] with a string argument with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
+ const_reference operator[](const typename object_t::key_type& key) const
+ {
+ // const operator[] only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ auto it = m_data.m_value.object->find(key);
+ JSON_ASSERT(it != m_data.m_value.object->end());
+ return it->second;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, detail::concat("cannot use operator[] with a string argument with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // these two functions resolve a (const) char * ambiguity affecting Clang and MSVC
+ // (they seemingly cannot be constrained to resolve the ambiguity)
+ template<typename T>
+ reference operator[](T* key)
+ {
+ return operator[](typename object_t::key_type(key));
+ }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ const_reference operator[](T* key) const
+ {
+ return operator[](typename object_t::key_type(key));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int > = 0 >
+ reference operator[](KeyType && key)
+ {
+ // implicitly convert null value to an empty object
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ m_data.m_value.object = create<object_t>();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ // operator[] only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ auto result = m_data.m_value.object->emplace(std::forward<KeyType>(key), nullptr);
+ return set_parent(result.first->second);
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, detail::concat("cannot use operator[] with a string argument with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int > = 0 >
+ const_reference operator[](KeyType && key) const
+ {
+ // const operator[] only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ auto it = m_data.m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ JSON_ASSERT(it != m_data.m_value.object->end());
+ return it->second;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, detail::concat("cannot use operator[] with a string argument with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ private:
+ template<typename KeyType>
+ using is_comparable_with_object_key = detail::is_comparable <
+ object_comparator_t, const typename object_t::key_type&, KeyType >;
+
+ template<typename ValueType>
+ using value_return_type = std::conditional <
+ detail::is_c_string_uncvref<ValueType>::value,
+ string_t, typename std::decay<ValueType>::type >;
+
+ public:
+ /// @brief access specified object element with default value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/value/
+ template < class ValueType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ !detail::is_transparent<object_comparator_t>::value
+ && detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<value_t, detail::uncvref_t<ValueType>>::value, int > = 0 >
+ ValueType value(const typename object_t::key_type& key, const ValueType& default_value) const
+ {
+ // value only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
+ const auto it = find(key);
+ if (it != end())
+ {
+ return it->template get<ValueType>();
+ }
+
+ return default_value;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(306, detail::concat("cannot use value() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element with default value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/value/
+ template < class ValueType, class ReturnType = typename value_return_type<ValueType>::type,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ !detail::is_transparent<object_comparator_t>::value
+ && detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ReturnType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<value_t, detail::uncvref_t<ValueType>>::value, int > = 0 >
+ ReturnType value(const typename object_t::key_type& key, ValueType && default_value) const
+ {
+ // value only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
+ const auto it = find(key);
+ if (it != end())
+ {
+ return it->template get<ReturnType>();
+ }
+
+ return std::forward<ValueType>(default_value);
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(306, detail::concat("cannot use value() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element with default value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/value/
+ template < class ValueType, class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_transparent<object_comparator_t>::value
+ && !detail::is_json_pointer<KeyType>::value
+ && is_comparable_with_object_key<KeyType>::value
+ && detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<value_t, detail::uncvref_t<ValueType>>::value, int > = 0 >
+ ValueType value(KeyType && key, const ValueType& default_value) const
+ {
+ // value only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
+ const auto it = find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ if (it != end())
+ {
+ return it->template get<ValueType>();
+ }
+
+ return default_value;
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(306, detail::concat("cannot use value() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element via JSON Pointer with default value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/value/
+ template < class ValueType, class KeyType, class ReturnType = typename value_return_type<ValueType>::type,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_transparent<object_comparator_t>::value
+ && !detail::is_json_pointer<KeyType>::value
+ && is_comparable_with_object_key<KeyType>::value
+ && detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ReturnType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<value_t, detail::uncvref_t<ValueType>>::value, int > = 0 >
+ ReturnType value(KeyType && key, ValueType && default_value) const
+ {
+ // value only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
+ const auto it = find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ if (it != end())
+ {
+ return it->template get<ReturnType>();
+ }
+
+ return std::forward<ValueType>(default_value);
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(306, detail::concat("cannot use value() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element via JSON Pointer with default value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/value/
+ template < class ValueType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<value_t, detail::uncvref_t<ValueType>>::value, int > = 0 >
+ ValueType value(const json_pointer& ptr, const ValueType& default_value) const
+ {
+ // value only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ // if pointer resolves a value, return it or use default value
+ JSON_TRY
+ {
+ return ptr.get_checked(this).template get<ValueType>();
+ }
+ JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH (out_of_range&)
+ {
+ return default_value;
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(306, detail::concat("cannot use value() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified object element via JSON Pointer with default value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/value/
+ template < class ValueType, class ReturnType = typename value_return_type<ValueType>::type,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ReturnType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<value_t, detail::uncvref_t<ValueType>>::value, int > = 0 >
+ ReturnType value(const json_pointer& ptr, ValueType && default_value) const
+ {
+ // value only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ // if pointer resolves a value, return it or use default value
+ JSON_TRY
+ {
+ return ptr.get_checked(this).template get<ReturnType>();
+ }
+ JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH (out_of_range&)
+ {
+ return std::forward<ValueType>(default_value);
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(306, detail::concat("cannot use value() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ template < class ValueType, class BasicJsonType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value
+ && detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<value_t, detail::uncvref_t<ValueType>>::value, int > = 0 >
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, basic_json::json_pointer or nlohmann::json_pointer<basic_json::string_t>) // NOLINT(readability/alt_tokens)
+ ValueType value(const ::nlohmann::json_pointer<BasicJsonType>& ptr, const ValueType& default_value) const
+ {
+ return value(ptr.convert(), default_value);
+ }
+
+ template < class ValueType, class BasicJsonType, class ReturnType = typename value_return_type<ValueType>::type,
+ detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value
+ && detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ReturnType>::value
+ && !std::is_same<value_t, detail::uncvref_t<ValueType>>::value, int > = 0 >
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, basic_json::json_pointer or nlohmann::json_pointer<basic_json::string_t>) // NOLINT(readability/alt_tokens)
+ ReturnType value(const ::nlohmann::json_pointer<BasicJsonType>& ptr, ValueType && default_value) const
+ {
+ return value(ptr.convert(), std::forward<ValueType>(default_value));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access the first element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/front/
+ reference front()
+ {
+ return *begin();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access the first element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/front/
+ const_reference front() const
+ {
+ return *cbegin();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access the last element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/back/
+ reference back()
+ {
+ auto tmp = end();
+ --tmp;
+ return *tmp;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access the last element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/back/
+ const_reference back() const
+ {
+ auto tmp = cend();
+ --tmp;
+ return *tmp;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief remove element given an iterator
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/
+ template < class IteratorType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
+ std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int > = 0 >
+ IteratorType erase(IteratorType pos) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // make sure iterator fits the current value
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(this != pos.m_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value", this));
+ }
+
+ IteratorType result = end();
+
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!pos.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(205, "iterator out of range", this));
+ }
+
+ if (is_string())
+ {
+ AllocatorType<string_t> alloc;
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::destroy(alloc, m_data.m_value.string);
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::deallocate(alloc, m_data.m_value.string, 1);
+ m_data.m_value.string = nullptr;
+ }
+ else if (is_binary())
+ {
+ AllocatorType<binary_t> alloc;
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::destroy(alloc, m_data.m_value.binary);
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::deallocate(alloc, m_data.m_value.binary, 1);
+ m_data.m_value.binary = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::null;
+ assert_invariant();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ result.m_it.object_iterator = m_data.m_value.object->erase(pos.m_it.object_iterator);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ result.m_it.array_iterator = m_data.m_value.array->erase(pos.m_it.array_iterator);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, detail::concat("cannot use erase() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief remove elements given an iterator range
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/
+ template < class IteratorType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
+ std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int > = 0 >
+ IteratorType erase(IteratorType first, IteratorType last) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // make sure iterator fits the current value
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(this != first.m_object || this != last.m_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(203, "iterators do not fit current value", this));
+ }
+
+ IteratorType result = end();
+
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(!first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()
+ || !last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(204, "iterators out of range", this));
+ }
+
+ if (is_string())
+ {
+ AllocatorType<string_t> alloc;
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::destroy(alloc, m_data.m_value.string);
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::deallocate(alloc, m_data.m_value.string, 1);
+ m_data.m_value.string = nullptr;
+ }
+ else if (is_binary())
+ {
+ AllocatorType<binary_t> alloc;
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::destroy(alloc, m_data.m_value.binary);
+ std::allocator_traits<decltype(alloc)>::deallocate(alloc, m_data.m_value.binary, 1);
+ m_data.m_value.binary = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::null;
+ assert_invariant();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ result.m_it.object_iterator = m_data.m_value.object->erase(first.m_it.object_iterator,
+ last.m_it.object_iterator);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ result.m_it.array_iterator = m_data.m_value.array->erase(first.m_it.array_iterator,
+ last.m_it.array_iterator);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, detail::concat("cannot use erase() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ template < typename KeyType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ detail::has_erase_with_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int > = 0 >
+ size_type erase_internal(KeyType && key)
+ {
+ // this erase only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, detail::concat("cannot use erase() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ return m_data.m_value.object->erase(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ }
+
+ template < typename KeyType, detail::enable_if_t <
+ !detail::has_erase_with_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int > = 0 >
+ size_type erase_internal(KeyType && key)
+ {
+ // this erase only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, detail::concat("cannot use erase() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ const auto it = m_data.m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ if (it != m_data.m_value.object->end())
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.object->erase(it);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ public:
+
+ /// @brief remove element from a JSON object given a key
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/
+ size_type erase(const typename object_t::key_type& key)
+ {
+ // the indirection via erase_internal() is added to avoid making this
+ // function a template and thus de-rank it during overload resolution
+ return erase_internal(key);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief remove element from a JSON object given a key
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ size_type erase(KeyType && key)
+ {
+ return erase_internal(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief remove element from a JSON array given an index
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/
+ void erase(const size_type idx)
+ {
+ // this erase only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
+ {
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(idx >= size()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, detail::concat("array index ", std::to_string(idx), " is out of range"), this));
+ }
+
+ m_data.m_value.array->erase(m_data.m_value.array->begin() + static_cast<difference_type>(idx));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, detail::concat("cannot use erase() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ ////////////
+ // lookup //
+ ////////////
+
+ /// @name lookup
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief find an element in a JSON object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/find/
+ iterator find(const typename object_t::key_type& key)
+ {
+ auto result = end();
+
+ if (is_object())
+ {
+ result.m_it.object_iterator = m_data.m_value.object->find(key);
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief find an element in a JSON object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/find/
+ const_iterator find(const typename object_t::key_type& key) const
+ {
+ auto result = cend();
+
+ if (is_object())
+ {
+ result.m_it.object_iterator = m_data.m_value.object->find(key);
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief find an element in a JSON object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/find/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ iterator find(KeyType && key)
+ {
+ auto result = end();
+
+ if (is_object())
+ {
+ result.m_it.object_iterator = m_data.m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief find an element in a JSON object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/find/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ const_iterator find(KeyType && key) const
+ {
+ auto result = cend();
+
+ if (is_object())
+ {
+ result.m_it.object_iterator = m_data.m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns the number of occurrences of a key in a JSON object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/count/
+ size_type count(const typename object_t::key_type& key) const
+ {
+ // return 0 for all nonobject types
+ return is_object() ? m_data.m_value.object->count(key) : 0;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns the number of occurrences of a key in a JSON object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/count/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ size_type count(KeyType && key) const
+ {
+ // return 0 for all nonobject types
+ return is_object() ? m_data.m_value.object->count(std::forward<KeyType>(key)) : 0;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief check the existence of an element in a JSON object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/contains/
+ bool contains(const typename object_t::key_type& key) const
+ {
+ return is_object() && m_data.m_value.object->find(key) != m_data.m_value.object->end();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief check the existence of an element in a JSON object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/contains/
+ template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+ detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+ bool contains(KeyType && key) const
+ {
+ return is_object() && m_data.m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyType>(key)) != m_data.m_value.object->end();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief check the existence of an element in a JSON object given a JSON pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/contains/
+ bool contains(const json_pointer& ptr) const
+ {
+ return ptr.contains(this);
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, detail::enable_if_t<detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, basic_json::json_pointer or nlohmann::json_pointer<basic_json::string_t>) // NOLINT(readability/alt_tokens)
+ bool contains(const typename ::nlohmann::json_pointer<BasicJsonType>& ptr) const
+ {
+ return ptr.contains(this);
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ ///////////////
+ // iterators //
+ ///////////////
+
+ /// @name iterators
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to the first element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/begin/
+ iterator begin() noexcept
+ {
+ iterator result(this);
+ result.set_begin();
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to the first element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/begin/
+ const_iterator begin() const noexcept
+ {
+ return cbegin();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns a const iterator to the first element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/cbegin/
+ const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept
+ {
+ const_iterator result(this);
+ result.set_begin();
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to one past the last element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/end/
+ iterator end() noexcept
+ {
+ iterator result(this);
+ result.set_end();
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to one past the last element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/end/
+ const_iterator end() const noexcept
+ {
+ return cend();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to one past the last element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/cend/
+ const_iterator cend() const noexcept
+ {
+ const_iterator result(this);
+ result.set_end();
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/rbegin/
+ reverse_iterator rbegin() noexcept
+ {
+ return reverse_iterator(end());
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/rbegin/
+ const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept
+ {
+ return crbegin();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to the reverse-end
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/rend/
+ reverse_iterator rend() noexcept
+ {
+ return reverse_iterator(begin());
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns an iterator to the reverse-end
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/rend/
+ const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept
+ {
+ return crend();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns a const reverse iterator to the last element
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/crbegin/
+ const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept
+ {
+ return const_reverse_iterator(cend());
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns a const reverse iterator to one before the first
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/crend/
+ const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept
+ {
+ return const_reverse_iterator(cbegin());
+ }
+
+ public:
+ /// @brief wrapper to access iterator member functions in range-based for
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/items/
+ /// @deprecated This function is deprecated since 3.1.0 and will be removed in
+ /// version 4.0.0 of the library. Please use @ref items() instead;
+ /// that is, replace `json::iterator_wrapper(j)` with `j.items()`.
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.1.0, items())
+ static iteration_proxy<iterator> iterator_wrapper(reference ref) noexcept
+ {
+ return ref.items();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief wrapper to access iterator member functions in range-based for
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/items/
+ /// @deprecated This function is deprecated since 3.1.0 and will be removed in
+ /// version 4.0.0 of the library. Please use @ref items() instead;
+ /// that is, replace `json::iterator_wrapper(j)` with `j.items()`.
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.1.0, items())
+ static iteration_proxy<const_iterator> iterator_wrapper(const_reference ref) noexcept
+ {
+ return ref.items();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief helper to access iterator member functions in range-based for
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/items/
+ iteration_proxy<iterator> items() noexcept
+ {
+ return iteration_proxy<iterator>(*this);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief helper to access iterator member functions in range-based for
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/items/
+ iteration_proxy<const_iterator> items() const noexcept
+ {
+ return iteration_proxy<const_iterator>(*this);
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ //////////////
+ // capacity //
+ //////////////
+
+ /// @name capacity
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief checks whether the container is empty.
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/empty/
+ bool empty() const noexcept
+ {
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ // null values are empty
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ // delegate call to array_t::empty()
+ return m_data.m_value.array->empty();
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ // delegate call to object_t::empty()
+ return m_data.m_value.object->empty();
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ // all other types are nonempty
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns the number of elements
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/size/
+ size_type size() const noexcept
+ {
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::null:
+ {
+ // null values are empty
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ // delegate call to array_t::size()
+ return m_data.m_value.array->size();
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ // delegate call to object_t::size()
+ return m_data.m_value.object->size();
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ // all other types have size 1
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief returns the maximum possible number of elements
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/max_size/
+ size_type max_size() const noexcept
+ {
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ // delegate call to array_t::max_size()
+ return m_data.m_value.array->max_size();
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ // delegate call to object_t::max_size()
+ return m_data.m_value.object->max_size();
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ // all other types have max_size() == size()
+ return size();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ ///////////////
+ // modifiers //
+ ///////////////
+
+ /// @name modifiers
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief clears the contents
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/clear/
+ void clear() noexcept
+ {
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.number_integer = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.number_unsigned = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.number_float = 0.0;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.boolean = false;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::string:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.string->clear();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::binary:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.binary->clear();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.array->clear();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ m_data.m_value.object->clear();
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/push_back/
+ void push_back(basic_json&& val)
+ {
+ // push_back only works for null objects or arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_array())))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, detail::concat("cannot use push_back() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // transform null object into an array
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ m_data.m_value = value_t::array;
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ // add element to array (move semantics)
+ const auto old_capacity = m_data.m_value.array->capacity();
+ m_data.m_value.array->push_back(std::move(val));
+ set_parent(m_data.m_value.array->back(), old_capacity);
+ // if val is moved from, basic_json move constructor marks it null, so we do not call the destructor
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator+=/
+ reference operator+=(basic_json&& val)
+ {
+ push_back(std::move(val));
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/push_back/
+ void push_back(const basic_json& val)
+ {
+ // push_back only works for null objects or arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_array())))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, detail::concat("cannot use push_back() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // transform null object into an array
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ m_data.m_value = value_t::array;
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ // add element to array
+ const auto old_capacity = m_data.m_value.array->capacity();
+ m_data.m_value.array->push_back(val);
+ set_parent(m_data.m_value.array->back(), old_capacity);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator+=/
+ reference operator+=(const basic_json& val)
+ {
+ push_back(val);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/push_back/
+ void push_back(const typename object_t::value_type& val)
+ {
+ // push_back only works for null objects or objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_object())))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, detail::concat("cannot use push_back() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // transform null object into an object
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ m_data.m_value = value_t::object;
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ // add element to object
+ auto res = m_data.m_value.object->insert(val);
+ set_parent(res.first->second);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator+=/
+ reference operator+=(const typename object_t::value_type& val)
+ {
+ push_back(val);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/push_back/
+ void push_back(initializer_list_t init)
+ {
+ if (is_object() && init.size() == 2 && (*init.begin())->is_string())
+ {
+ basic_json&& key = init.begin()->moved_or_copied();
+ push_back(typename object_t::value_type(
+ std::move(key.get_ref<string_t&>()), (init.begin() + 1)->moved_or_copied()));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ push_back(basic_json(init));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator+=/
+ reference operator+=(initializer_list_t init)
+ {
+ push_back(init);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/emplace_back/
+ template<class... Args>
+ reference emplace_back(Args&& ... args)
+ {
+ // emplace_back only works for null objects or arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_array())))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(311, detail::concat("cannot use emplace_back() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // transform null object into an array
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+ m_data.m_value = value_t::array;
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ // add element to array (perfect forwarding)
+ const auto old_capacity = m_data.m_value.array->capacity();
+ m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+ return set_parent(m_data.m_value.array->back(), old_capacity);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief add an object to an object if key does not exist
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/emplace/
+ template<class... Args>
+ std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(Args&& ... args)
+ {
+ // emplace only works for null objects or arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_object())))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(311, detail::concat("cannot use emplace() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // transform null object into an object
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ m_data.m_value = value_t::object;
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ // add element to array (perfect forwarding)
+ auto res = m_data.m_value.object->emplace(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+ set_parent(res.first->second);
+
+ // create result iterator and set iterator to the result of emplace
+ auto it = begin();
+ it.m_it.object_iterator = res.first;
+
+ // return pair of iterator and boolean
+ return {it, res.second};
+ }
+
+ /// Helper for insertion of an iterator
+ /// @note: This uses std::distance to support GCC 4.8,
+ /// see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1257
+ template<typename... Args>
+ iterator insert_iterator(const_iterator pos, Args&& ... args) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ iterator result(this);
+ JSON_ASSERT(m_data.m_value.array != nullptr);
+
+ auto insert_pos = std::distance(m_data.m_value.array->begin(), pos.m_it.array_iterator);
+ m_data.m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+ result.m_it.array_iterator = m_data.m_value.array->begin() + insert_pos;
+
+ // This could have been written as:
+ // result.m_it.array_iterator = m_data.m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, cnt, val);
+ // but the return value of insert is missing in GCC 4.8, so it is written this way instead.
+
+ set_parents();
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief inserts element into array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
+ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const basic_json& val) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // insert only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
+ {
+ // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(pos.m_object != this))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value", this));
+ }
+
+ // insert to array and return iterator
+ return insert_iterator(pos, val);
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, detail::concat("cannot use insert() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief inserts element into array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
+ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, basic_json&& val) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ return insert(pos, val);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief inserts copies of element into array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
+ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, size_type cnt, const basic_json& val) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // insert only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
+ {
+ // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(pos.m_object != this))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value", this));
+ }
+
+ // insert to array and return iterator
+ return insert_iterator(pos, cnt, val);
+ }
+
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, detail::concat("cannot use insert() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ /// @brief inserts range of elements into array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
+ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const_iterator first, const_iterator last) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // insert only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, detail::concat("cannot use insert() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(pos.m_object != this))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value", this));
+ }
+
+ // check if range iterators belong to the same JSON object
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(210, "iterators do not fit", this));
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(first.m_object == this))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(211, "passed iterators may not belong to container", this));
+ }
+
+ // insert to array and return iterator
+ return insert_iterator(pos, first.m_it.array_iterator, last.m_it.array_iterator);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief inserts elements from initializer list into array
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
+ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, initializer_list_t ilist) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // insert only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, detail::concat("cannot use insert() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(pos.m_object != this))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value", this));
+ }
+
+ // insert to array and return iterator
+ return insert_iterator(pos, ilist.begin(), ilist.end());
+ }
+
+ /// @brief inserts range of elements into object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
+ void insert(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // insert only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, detail::concat("cannot use insert() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // check if range iterators belong to the same JSON object
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(210, "iterators do not fit", this));
+ }
+
+ // passed iterators must belong to objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!first.m_object->is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterators first and last must point to objects", this));
+ }
+
+ m_data.m_value.object->insert(first.m_it.object_iterator, last.m_it.object_iterator);
+ set_parents();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief updates a JSON object from another object, overwriting existing keys
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/update/
+ void update(const_reference j, bool merge_objects = false)
+ {
+ update(j.begin(), j.end(), merge_objects);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief updates a JSON object from another object, overwriting existing keys
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/update/
+ void update(const_iterator first, const_iterator last, bool merge_objects = false) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
+ {
+ // implicitly convert null value to an empty object
+ if (is_null())
+ {
+ m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+ m_data.m_value.object = create<object_t>();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(312, detail::concat("cannot use update() with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+
+ // check if range iterators belong to the same JSON object
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(210, "iterators do not fit", this));
+ }
+
+ // passed iterators must belong to objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!first.m_object->is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(312, detail::concat("cannot use update() with ", first.m_object->type_name()), first.m_object));
+ }
+
+ for (auto it = first; it != last; ++it)
+ {
+ if (merge_objects && it.value().is_object())
+ {
+ auto it2 = m_data.m_value.object->find(it.key());
+ if (it2 != m_data.m_value.object->end())
+ {
+ it2->second.update(it.value(), true);
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ m_data.m_value.object->operator[](it.key()) = it.value();
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ m_data.m_value.object->operator[](it.key()).m_parent = this;
+#endif
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief exchanges the values
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/swap/
+ void swap(reference other) noexcept (
+ std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value&&
+ std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value&&
+ std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value&& // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-swap,performance-noexcept-swap)
+ std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_value>::value
+ )
+ {
+ std::swap(m_data.m_type, other.m_data.m_type);
+ std::swap(m_data.m_value, other.m_data.m_value);
+
+ set_parents();
+ other.set_parents();
+ assert_invariant();
+ }
+
+ /// @brief exchanges the values
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/swap/
+ friend void swap(reference left, reference right) noexcept (
+ std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value&&
+ std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value&&
+ std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value&& // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-swap,performance-noexcept-swap)
+ std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_value>::value
+ )
+ {
+ left.swap(right);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief exchanges the values
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/swap/
+ void swap(array_t& other) // NOLINT(bugprone-exception-escape,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-swap,performance-noexcept-swap)
+ {
+ // swap only works for arrays
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
+ {
+ using std::swap;
+ swap(*(m_data.m_value.array), other);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(310, detail::concat("cannot use swap(array_t&) with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief exchanges the values
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/swap/
+ void swap(object_t& other) // NOLINT(bugprone-exception-escape,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-swap,performance-noexcept-swap)
+ {
+ // swap only works for objects
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
+ {
+ using std::swap;
+ swap(*(m_data.m_value.object), other);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(310, detail::concat("cannot use swap(object_t&) with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief exchanges the values
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/swap/
+ void swap(string_t& other) // NOLINT(bugprone-exception-escape,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-swap,performance-noexcept-swap)
+ {
+ // swap only works for strings
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_string()))
+ {
+ using std::swap;
+ swap(*(m_data.m_value.string), other);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(310, detail::concat("cannot use swap(string_t&) with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief exchanges the values
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/swap/
+ void swap(binary_t& other) // NOLINT(bugprone-exception-escape,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-swap,performance-noexcept-swap)
+ {
+ // swap only works for strings
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_binary()))
+ {
+ using std::swap;
+ swap(*(m_data.m_value.binary), other);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(310, detail::concat("cannot use swap(binary_t&) with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief exchanges the values
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/swap/
+ void swap(typename binary_t::container_type& other) // NOLINT(bugprone-exception-escape)
+ {
+ // swap only works for strings
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_binary()))
+ {
+ using std::swap;
+ swap(*(m_data.m_value.binary), other);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(type_error::create(310, detail::concat("cannot use swap(binary_t::container_type&) with ", type_name()), this));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ //////////////////////////////////////////
+ // lexicographical comparison operators //
+ //////////////////////////////////////////
+
+ /// @name lexicographical comparison operators
+ /// @{
+
+ // note parentheses around operands are necessary; see
+ // https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1530
+#define JSON_IMPLEMENT_OPERATOR(op, null_result, unordered_result, default_result) \
+ const auto lhs_type = lhs.type(); \
+ const auto rhs_type = rhs.type(); \
+ \
+ if (lhs_type == rhs_type) /* NOLINT(readability/braces) */ \
+ { \
+ switch (lhs_type) \
+ { \
+ case value_t::array: \
+ return (*lhs.m_data.m_value.array) op (*rhs.m_data.m_value.array); \
+ \
+ case value_t::object: \
+ return (*lhs.m_data.m_value.object) op (*rhs.m_data.m_value.object); \
+ \
+ case value_t::null: \
+ return (null_result); \
+ \
+ case value_t::string: \
+ return (*lhs.m_data.m_value.string) op (*rhs.m_data.m_value.string); \
+ \
+ case value_t::boolean: \
+ return (lhs.m_data.m_value.boolean) op (rhs.m_data.m_value.boolean); \
+ \
+ case value_t::number_integer: \
+ return (lhs.m_data.m_value.number_integer) op (rhs.m_data.m_value.number_integer); \
+ \
+ case value_t::number_unsigned: \
+ return (lhs.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned) op (rhs.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned); \
+ \
+ case value_t::number_float: \
+ return (lhs.m_data.m_value.number_float) op (rhs.m_data.m_value.number_float); \
+ \
+ case value_t::binary: \
+ return (*lhs.m_data.m_value.binary) op (*rhs.m_data.m_value.binary); \
+ \
+ case value_t::discarded: \
+ default: \
+ return (unordered_result); \
+ } \
+ } \
+ else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer && rhs_type == value_t::number_float) \
+ { \
+ return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_data.m_value.number_integer) op rhs.m_data.m_value.number_float; \
+ } \
+ else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float && rhs_type == value_t::number_integer) \
+ { \
+ return lhs.m_data.m_value.number_float op static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_data.m_value.number_integer); \
+ } \
+ else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned && rhs_type == value_t::number_float) \
+ { \
+ return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned) op rhs.m_data.m_value.number_float; \
+ } \
+ else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float && rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned) \
+ { \
+ return lhs.m_data.m_value.number_float op static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned); \
+ } \
+ else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned && rhs_type == value_t::number_integer) \
+ { \
+ return static_cast<number_integer_t>(lhs.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned) op rhs.m_data.m_value.number_integer; \
+ } \
+ else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer && rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned) \
+ { \
+ return lhs.m_data.m_value.number_integer op static_cast<number_integer_t>(rhs.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned); \
+ } \
+ else if(compares_unordered(lhs, rhs))\
+ {\
+ return (unordered_result);\
+ }\
+ \
+ return (default_result);
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ // returns true if:
+ // - any operand is NaN and the other operand is of number type
+ // - any operand is discarded
+ // in legacy mode, discarded values are considered ordered if
+ // an operation is computed as an odd number of inverses of others
+ static bool compares_unordered(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs, bool inverse = false) noexcept
+ {
+ if ((lhs.is_number_float() && std::isnan(lhs.m_data.m_value.number_float) && rhs.is_number())
+ || (rhs.is_number_float() && std::isnan(rhs.m_data.m_value.number_float) && lhs.is_number()))
+ {
+ return true;
+ }
+#if JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+ return (lhs.is_discarded() || rhs.is_discarded()) && !inverse;
+#else
+ static_cast<void>(inverse);
+ return lhs.is_discarded() || rhs.is_discarded();
+#endif
+ }
+
+ private:
+ bool compares_unordered(const_reference rhs, bool inverse = false) const noexcept
+ {
+ return compares_unordered(*this, rhs, inverse);
+ }
+
+ public:
+#if JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+ /// @brief comparison: equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_eq/
+ bool operator==(const_reference rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
+#endif
+ const_reference lhs = *this;
+ JSON_IMPLEMENT_OPERATOR( ==, true, false, false)
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_eq/
+ template<typename ScalarType>
+ requires std::is_scalar_v<ScalarType>
+ bool operator==(ScalarType rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+ return *this == basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: not equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ne/
+ bool operator!=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+ if (compares_unordered(rhs, true))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return !operator==(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: 3-way
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_spaceship/
+ std::partial_ordering operator<=>(const_reference rhs) const noexcept // *NOPAD*
+ {
+ const_reference lhs = *this;
+ // default_result is used if we cannot compare values. In that case,
+ // we compare types.
+ JSON_IMPLEMENT_OPERATOR(<=>, // *NOPAD*
+ std::partial_ordering::equivalent,
+ std::partial_ordering::unordered,
+ lhs_type <=> rhs_type) // *NOPAD*
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: 3-way
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_spaceship/
+ template<typename ScalarType>
+ requires std::is_scalar_v<ScalarType>
+ std::partial_ordering operator<=>(ScalarType rhs) const noexcept // *NOPAD*
+ {
+ return *this <=> basic_json(rhs); // *NOPAD*
+ }
+
+#if JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+ // all operators that are computed as an odd number of inverses of others
+ // need to be overloaded to emulate the legacy comparison behavior
+
+ /// @brief comparison: less than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_le/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, undef JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON)
+ bool operator<=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+ if (compares_unordered(rhs, true))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return !(rhs < *this);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: less than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_le/
+ template<typename ScalarType>
+ requires std::is_scalar_v<ScalarType>
+ bool operator<=(ScalarType rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+ return *this <= basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: greater than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ge/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, undef JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON)
+ bool operator>=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+ if (compares_unordered(rhs, true))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return !(*this < rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: greater than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ge/
+ template<typename ScalarType>
+ requires std::is_scalar_v<ScalarType>
+ bool operator>=(ScalarType rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+ return *this >= basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+#endif
+#else
+ /// @brief comparison: equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_eq/
+ friend bool operator==(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
+#endif
+ JSON_IMPLEMENT_OPERATOR( ==, true, false, false)
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_eq/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator==(const_reference lhs, ScalarType rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs == basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_eq/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator==(ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return basic_json(lhs) == rhs;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: not equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ne/
+ friend bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ if (compares_unordered(lhs, rhs, true))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return !(lhs == rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: not equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ne/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, ScalarType rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs != basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: not equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ne/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator!=(ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return basic_json(lhs) != rhs;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: less than
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_lt/
+ friend bool operator<(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ // default_result is used if we cannot compare values. In that case,
+ // we compare types. Note we have to call the operator explicitly,
+ // because MSVC has problems otherwise.
+ JSON_IMPLEMENT_OPERATOR( <, false, false, operator<(lhs_type, rhs_type))
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: less than
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_lt/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator<(const_reference lhs, ScalarType rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs < basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: less than
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_lt/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator<(ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return basic_json(lhs) < rhs;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: less than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_le/
+ friend bool operator<=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ if (compares_unordered(lhs, rhs, true))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return !(rhs < lhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: less than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_le/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator<=(const_reference lhs, ScalarType rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs <= basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: less than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_le/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator<=(ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return basic_json(lhs) <= rhs;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: greater than
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_gt/
+ friend bool operator>(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ // double inverse
+ if (compares_unordered(lhs, rhs))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return !(lhs <= rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: greater than
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_gt/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator>(const_reference lhs, ScalarType rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs > basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: greater than
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_gt/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator>(ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return basic_json(lhs) > rhs;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: greater than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ge/
+ friend bool operator>=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ if (compares_unordered(lhs, rhs, true))
+ {
+ return false;
+ }
+ return !(lhs < rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: greater than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ge/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator>=(const_reference lhs, ScalarType rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return lhs >= basic_json(rhs);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief comparison: greater than or equal
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ge/
+ template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
+ std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+ friend bool operator>=(ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
+ {
+ return basic_json(lhs) >= rhs;
+ }
+#endif
+
+#undef JSON_IMPLEMENT_OPERATOR
+
+ /// @}
+
+ ///////////////////
+ // serialization //
+ ///////////////////
+
+ /// @name serialization
+ /// @{
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+ /// @brief serialize to stream
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ltlt/
+ friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const basic_json& j)
+ {
+ // read width member and use it as indentation parameter if nonzero
+ const bool pretty_print = o.width() > 0;
+ const auto indentation = pretty_print ? o.width() : 0;
+
+ // reset width to 0 for subsequent calls to this stream
+ o.width(0);
+
+ // do the actual serialization
+ serializer s(detail::output_adapter<char>(o), o.fill());
+ s.dump(j, pretty_print, false, static_cast<unsigned int>(indentation));
+ return o;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief serialize to stream
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ltlt/
+ /// @deprecated This function is deprecated since 3.0.0 and will be removed in
+ /// version 4.0.0 of the library. Please use
+ /// operator<<(std::ostream&, const basic_json&) instead; that is,
+ /// replace calls like `j >> o;` with `o << j;`.
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.0.0, operator<<(std::ostream&, const basic_json&))
+ friend std::ostream& operator>>(const basic_json& j, std::ostream& o)
+ {
+ return o << j;
+ }
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+ /// @}
+
+ /////////////////////
+ // deserialization //
+ /////////////////////
+
+ /// @name deserialization
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief deserialize from a compatible input
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/parse/
+ template<typename InputType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json parse(InputType&& i,
+ parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved,accessForwarded]
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief deserialize from a pair of character iterators
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/parse/
+ template<typename IteratorType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json parse(IteratorType first,
+ IteratorType last,
+ parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, parse(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json parse(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
+ parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ parser(i.get(), std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief check if the input is valid JSON
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/accept/
+ template<typename InputType>
+ static bool accept(InputType&& i,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief check if the input is valid JSON
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/accept/
+ template<typename IteratorType>
+ static bool accept(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, accept(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static bool accept(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ return parser(i.get(), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief generate SAX events
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/sax_parse/
+ template <typename InputType, typename SAX>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ static bool sax_parse(InputType&& i, SAX* sax,
+ input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
+ return format == input_format_t::json
+ ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+ : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia), format).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief generate SAX events
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/sax_parse/
+ template<class IteratorType, class SAX>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+ static bool sax_parse(IteratorType first, IteratorType last, SAX* sax,
+ input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
+ return format == input_format_t::json
+ ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+ : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia), format).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief generate SAX events
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/sax_parse/
+ /// @deprecated This function is deprecated since 3.8.0 and will be removed in
+ /// version 4.0.0 of the library. Please use
+ /// sax_parse(ptr, ptr + len) instead.
+ template <typename SAX>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, sax_parse(ptr, ptr + len, ...))
+ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+ static bool sax_parse(detail::span_input_adapter&& i, SAX* sax,
+ input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool ignore_comments = false)
+ {
+ auto ia = i.get();
+ return format == input_format_t::json
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
+ ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
+ : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia), format).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
+ }
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+ /// @brief deserialize from stream
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_gtgt/
+ /// @deprecated This stream operator is deprecated since 3.0.0 and will be removed in
+ /// version 4.0.0 of the library. Please use
+ /// operator>>(std::istream&, basic_json&) instead; that is,
+ /// replace calls like `j << i;` with `i >> j;`.
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.0.0, operator>>(std::istream&, basic_json&))
+ friend std::istream& operator<<(basic_json& j, std::istream& i)
+ {
+ return operator>>(i, j);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief deserialize from stream
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_gtgt/
+ friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& i, basic_json& j)
+ {
+ parser(detail::input_adapter(i)).parse(false, j);
+ return i;
+ }
+#endif // JSON_NO_IO
+ /// @}
+
+ ///////////////////////////
+ // convenience functions //
+ ///////////////////////////
+
+ /// @brief return the type as string
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/type_name/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+ const char* type_name() const noexcept
+ {
+ switch (m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::null:
+ return "null";
+ case value_t::object:
+ return "object";
+ case value_t::array:
+ return "array";
+ case value_t::string:
+ return "string";
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ return "boolean";
+ case value_t::binary:
+ return "binary";
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ return "discarded";
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ default:
+ return "number";
+ }
+ }
+
+ JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+ //////////////////////
+ // member variables //
+ //////////////////////
+
+ struct data
+ {
+ /// the type of the current element
+ value_t m_type = value_t::null;
+
+ /// the value of the current element
+ json_value m_value = {};
+
+ data(const value_t v)
+ : m_type(v), m_value(v)
+ {
+ }
+
+ data(size_type cnt, const basic_json& val)
+ : m_type(value_t::array)
+ {
+ m_value.array = create<array_t>(cnt, val);
+ }
+
+ data() noexcept = default;
+ data(data&&) noexcept = default;
+ data(const data&) noexcept = delete;
+ data& operator=(data&&) noexcept = delete;
+ data& operator=(const data&) noexcept = delete;
+
+ ~data() noexcept
+ {
+ m_value.destroy(m_type);
+ }
+ };
+
+ data m_data = {};
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+ /// a pointer to a parent value (for debugging purposes)
+ basic_json* m_parent = nullptr;
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+ /// the start position of the value
+ std::size_t start_position = std::string::npos;
+ /// the end position of the value
+ std::size_t end_position = std::string::npos;
+ public:
+ constexpr std::size_t start_pos() const noexcept
+ {
+ return start_position;
+ }
+
+ constexpr std::size_t end_pos() const noexcept
+ {
+ return end_position;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ //////////////////////////////////////////
+ // binary serialization/deserialization //
+ //////////////////////////////////////////
+
+ /// @name binary serialization/deserialization support
+ /// @{
+
+ public:
+ /// @brief create a CBOR serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_cbor/
+ static std::vector<std::uint8_t> to_cbor(const basic_json& j)
+ {
+ std::vector<std::uint8_t> result;
+ to_cbor(j, result);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a CBOR serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_cbor/
+ static void to_cbor(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<std::uint8_t> o)
+ {
+ binary_writer<std::uint8_t>(o).write_cbor(j);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a CBOR serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_cbor/
+ static void to_cbor(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<char> o)
+ {
+ binary_writer<char>(o).write_cbor(j);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a MessagePack serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_msgpack/
+ static std::vector<std::uint8_t> to_msgpack(const basic_json& j)
+ {
+ std::vector<std::uint8_t> result;
+ to_msgpack(j, result);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a MessagePack serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_msgpack/
+ static void to_msgpack(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<std::uint8_t> o)
+ {
+ binary_writer<std::uint8_t>(o).write_msgpack(j);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a MessagePack serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_msgpack/
+ static void to_msgpack(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<char> o)
+ {
+ binary_writer<char>(o).write_msgpack(j);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a UBJSON serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_ubjson/
+ static std::vector<std::uint8_t> to_ubjson(const basic_json& j,
+ const bool use_size = false,
+ const bool use_type = false)
+ {
+ std::vector<std::uint8_t> result;
+ to_ubjson(j, result, use_size, use_type);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a UBJSON serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_ubjson/
+ static void to_ubjson(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<std::uint8_t> o,
+ const bool use_size = false, const bool use_type = false)
+ {
+ binary_writer<std::uint8_t>(o).write_ubjson(j, use_size, use_type);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a UBJSON serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_ubjson/
+ static void to_ubjson(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<char> o,
+ const bool use_size = false, const bool use_type = false)
+ {
+ binary_writer<char>(o).write_ubjson(j, use_size, use_type);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a BJData serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bjdata/
+ static std::vector<std::uint8_t> to_bjdata(const basic_json& j,
+ const bool use_size = false,
+ const bool use_type = false,
+ const bjdata_version_t version = bjdata_version_t::draft2)
+ {
+ std::vector<std::uint8_t> result;
+ to_bjdata(j, result, use_size, use_type, version);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a BJData serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bjdata/
+ static void to_bjdata(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<std::uint8_t> o,
+ const bool use_size = false, const bool use_type = false,
+ const bjdata_version_t version = bjdata_version_t::draft2)
+ {
+ binary_writer<std::uint8_t>(o).write_ubjson(j, use_size, use_type, true, true, version);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a BJData serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bjdata/
+ static void to_bjdata(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<char> o,
+ const bool use_size = false, const bool use_type = false,
+ const bjdata_version_t version = bjdata_version_t::draft2)
+ {
+ binary_writer<char>(o).write_ubjson(j, use_size, use_type, true, true, version);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a BSON serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bson/
+ static std::vector<std::uint8_t> to_bson(const basic_json& j)
+ {
+ std::vector<std::uint8_t> result;
+ to_bson(j, result);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a BSON serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bson/
+ static void to_bson(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<std::uint8_t> o)
+ {
+ binary_writer<std::uint8_t>(o).write_bson(j);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a BSON serialization of a given JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bson/
+ static void to_bson(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<char> o)
+ {
+ binary_writer<char>(o).write_bson(j);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in CBOR format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_cbor/
+ template<typename InputType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_cbor(InputType&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+ const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in CBOR format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_cbor/
+ template<typename IteratorType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_cbor(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+ const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_cbor(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json from_cbor(const T* ptr, std::size_t len,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+ const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
+ {
+ return from_cbor(ptr, ptr + len, strict, allow_exceptions, tag_handler);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_cbor(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json from_cbor(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+ const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = i.get();
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in MessagePack format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_msgpack/
+ template<typename InputType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_msgpack(InputType&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in MessagePack format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_msgpack/
+ template<typename IteratorType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_msgpack(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_msgpack(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json from_msgpack(const T* ptr, std::size_t len,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ return from_msgpack(ptr, ptr + len, strict, allow_exceptions);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_msgpack(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json from_msgpack(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = i.get();
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in UBJSON format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_ubjson/
+ template<typename InputType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_ubjson(InputType&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in UBJSON format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_ubjson/
+ template<typename IteratorType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_ubjson(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_ubjson(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json from_ubjson(const T* ptr, std::size_t len,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ return from_ubjson(ptr, ptr + len, strict, allow_exceptions);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_ubjson(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json from_ubjson(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = i.get();
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BJData format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_bjdata/
+ template<typename InputType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_bjdata(InputType&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BJData format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_bjdata/
+ template<typename IteratorType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_bjdata(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BSON format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_bson/
+ template<typename InputType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_bson(InputType&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BSON format
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_bson/
+ template<typename IteratorType>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json from_bson(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_bson(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json from_bson(const T* ptr, std::size_t len,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ return from_bson(ptr, ptr + len, strict, allow_exceptions);
+ }
+
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_bson(ptr, ptr + len))
+ static basic_json from_bson(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
+ const bool strict = true,
+ const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+ {
+ basic_json result;
+ auto ia = i.get();
+ detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
+ const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+ return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
+ }
+ /// @}
+
+ //////////////////////////
+ // JSON Pointer support //
+ //////////////////////////
+
+ /// @name JSON Pointer functions
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
+ reference operator[](const json_pointer& ptr)
+ {
+ return ptr.get_unchecked(this);
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, detail::enable_if_t<detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, basic_json::json_pointer or nlohmann::json_pointer<basic_json::string_t>) // NOLINT(readability/alt_tokens)
+ reference operator[](const ::nlohmann::json_pointer<BasicJsonType>& ptr)
+ {
+ return ptr.get_unchecked(this);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
+ const_reference operator[](const json_pointer& ptr) const
+ {
+ return ptr.get_unchecked(this);
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, detail::enable_if_t<detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, basic_json::json_pointer or nlohmann::json_pointer<basic_json::string_t>) // NOLINT(readability/alt_tokens)
+ const_reference operator[](const ::nlohmann::json_pointer<BasicJsonType>& ptr) const
+ {
+ return ptr.get_unchecked(this);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/
+ reference at(const json_pointer& ptr)
+ {
+ return ptr.get_checked(this);
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, detail::enable_if_t<detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, basic_json::json_pointer or nlohmann::json_pointer<basic_json::string_t>) // NOLINT(readability/alt_tokens)
+ reference at(const ::nlohmann::json_pointer<BasicJsonType>& ptr)
+ {
+ return ptr.get_checked(this);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/
+ const_reference at(const json_pointer& ptr) const
+ {
+ return ptr.get_checked(this);
+ }
+
+ template<typename BasicJsonType, detail::enable_if_t<detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+ JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.11.0, basic_json::json_pointer or nlohmann::json_pointer<basic_json::string_t>) // NOLINT(readability/alt_tokens)
+ const_reference at(const ::nlohmann::json_pointer<BasicJsonType>& ptr) const
+ {
+ return ptr.get_checked(this);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief return flattened JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/flatten/
+ basic_json flatten() const
+ {
+ basic_json result(value_t::object);
+ json_pointer::flatten("", *this, result);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief unflatten a previously flattened JSON value
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/unflatten/
+ basic_json unflatten() const
+ {
+ return json_pointer::unflatten(*this);
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+
+ //////////////////////////
+ // JSON Patch functions //
+ //////////////////////////
+
+ /// @name JSON Patch functions
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief applies a JSON patch in-place without copying the object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/patch/
+ void patch_inplace(const basic_json& json_patch)
+ {
+ basic_json& result = *this;
+ // the valid JSON Patch operations
+ enum class patch_operations {add, remove, replace, move, copy, test, invalid};
+
+ const auto get_op = [](const string_t& op)
+ {
+ if (op == "add")
+ {
+ return patch_operations::add;
+ }
+ if (op == "remove")
+ {
+ return patch_operations::remove;
+ }
+ if (op == "replace")
+ {
+ return patch_operations::replace;
+ }
+ if (op == "move")
+ {
+ return patch_operations::move;
+ }
+ if (op == "copy")
+ {
+ return patch_operations::copy;
+ }
+ if (op == "test")
+ {
+ return patch_operations::test;
+ }
+
+ return patch_operations::invalid;
+ };
+
+ // wrapper for "add" operation; add value at ptr
+ const auto operation_add = [&result](json_pointer & ptr, const basic_json & val)
+ {
+ // adding to the root of the target document means replacing it
+ if (ptr.empty())
+ {
+ result = val;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // make sure the top element of the pointer exists
+ json_pointer const top_pointer = ptr.top();
+ if (top_pointer != ptr)
+ {
+ result.at(top_pointer);
+ }
+
+ // get reference to parent of JSON pointer ptr
+ const auto last_path = ptr.back();
+ ptr.pop_back();
+ // parent must exist when performing patch add per RFC6902 specs
+ basic_json& parent = result.at(ptr);
+
+ switch (parent.m_data.m_type)
+ {
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ // use operator[] to add value
+ parent[last_path] = val;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ if (last_path == "-")
+ {
+ // special case: append to back
+ parent.push_back(val);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ const auto idx = json_pointer::template array_index<basic_json_t>(last_path);
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(idx > parent.size()))
+ {
+ // avoid undefined behavior
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, detail::concat("array index ", std::to_string(idx), " is out of range"), &parent));
+ }
+
+ // default case: insert add offset
+ parent.insert(parent.begin() + static_cast<difference_type>(idx), val);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // if there exists a parent it cannot be primitive
+ case value_t::string: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::boolean: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::number_integer: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::number_unsigned: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::number_float: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::binary: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ case value_t::discarded: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+ }
+ };
+
+ // wrapper for "remove" operation; remove value at ptr
+ const auto operation_remove = [this, & result](json_pointer & ptr)
+ {
+ // get reference to parent of JSON pointer ptr
+ const auto last_path = ptr.back();
+ ptr.pop_back();
+ basic_json& parent = result.at(ptr);
+
+ // remove child
+ if (parent.is_object())
+ {
+ // perform range check
+ auto it = parent.find(last_path);
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(it != parent.end()))
+ {
+ parent.erase(it);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(403, detail::concat("key '", last_path, "' not found"), this));
+ }
+ }
+ else if (parent.is_array())
+ {
+ // note erase performs range check
+ parent.erase(json_pointer::template array_index<basic_json_t>(last_path));
+ }
+ };
+
+ // type check: top level value must be an array
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!json_patch.is_array()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(104, 0, "JSON patch must be an array of objects", &json_patch));
+ }
+
+ // iterate and apply the operations
+ for (const auto& val : json_patch)
+ {
+ // wrapper to get a value for an operation
+ const auto get_value = [&val](const string_t& op,
+ const string_t& member,
+ bool string_type) -> basic_json &
+ {
+ // find value
+ auto it = val.m_data.m_value.object->find(member);
+
+ // context-sensitive error message
+ const auto error_msg = (op == "op") ? "operation" : detail::concat("operation '", op, '\''); // NOLINT(bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable)
+
+ // check if desired value is present
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(it == val.m_data.m_value.object->end()))
+ {
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-inefficient-string-concatenation)
+ JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(105, 0, detail::concat(error_msg, " must have member '", member, "'"), &val));
+ }
+
+ // check if result is of type string
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(string_type && !it->second.is_string()))
+ {
+ // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-inefficient-string-concatenation)
+ JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(105, 0, detail::concat(error_msg, " must have string member '", member, "'"), &val));
+ }
+
+ // no error: return value
+ return it->second;
+ };
+
+ // type check: every element of the array must be an object
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!val.is_object()))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(104, 0, "JSON patch must be an array of objects", &val));
+ }
+
+ // collect mandatory members
+ const auto op = get_value("op", "op", true).template get<string_t>();
+ const auto path = get_value(op, "path", true).template get<string_t>();
+ json_pointer ptr(path);
+
+ switch (get_op(op))
+ {
+ case patch_operations::add:
+ {
+ operation_add(ptr, get_value("add", "value", false));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case patch_operations::remove:
+ {
+ operation_remove(ptr);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case patch_operations::replace:
+ {
+ // the "path" location must exist - use at()
+ result.at(ptr) = get_value("replace", "value", false);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case patch_operations::move:
+ {
+ const auto from_path = get_value("move", "from", true).template get<string_t>();
+ json_pointer from_ptr(from_path);
+
+ // the "from" location must exist - use at()
+ basic_json const v = result.at(from_ptr);
+
+ // The move operation is functionally identical to a
+ // "remove" operation on the "from" location, followed
+ // immediately by an "add" operation at the target
+ // location with the value that was just removed.
+ operation_remove(from_ptr);
+ operation_add(ptr, v);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case patch_operations::copy:
+ {
+ const auto from_path = get_value("copy", "from", true).template get<string_t>();
+ const json_pointer from_ptr(from_path);
+
+ // the "from" location must exist - use at()
+ basic_json const v = result.at(from_ptr);
+
+ // The copy is functionally identical to an "add"
+ // operation at the target location using the value
+ // specified in the "from" member.
+ operation_add(ptr, v);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case patch_operations::test:
+ {
+ bool success = false;
+ JSON_TRY
+ {
+ // check if "value" matches the one at "path"
+ // the "path" location must exist - use at()
+ success = (result.at(ptr) == get_value("test", "value", false));
+ }
+ JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH (out_of_range&)
+ {
+ // ignore out of range errors: success remains false
+ }
+
+ // throw an exception if test fails
+ if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!success))
+ {
+ JSON_THROW(other_error::create(501, detail::concat("unsuccessful: ", val.dump()), &val));
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case patch_operations::invalid:
+ default:
+ {
+ // op must be "add", "remove", "replace", "move", "copy", or
+ // "test"
+ JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(105, 0, detail::concat("operation value '", op, "' is invalid"), &val));
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @brief applies a JSON patch to a copy of the current object
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/patch/
+ basic_json patch(const basic_json& json_patch) const
+ {
+ basic_json result = *this;
+ result.patch_inplace(json_patch);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /// @brief creates a diff as a JSON patch
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/diff/
+ JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+ static basic_json diff(const basic_json& source, const basic_json& target,
+ const string_t& path = "")
+ {
+ // the patch
+ basic_json result(value_t::array);
+
+ // if the values are the same, return empty patch
+ if (source == target)
+ {
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ if (source.type() != target.type())
+ {
+ // different types: replace value
+ result.push_back(
+ {
+ {"op", "replace"}, {"path", path}, {"value", target}
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ switch (source.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::array:
+ {
+ // first pass: traverse common elements
+ std::size_t i = 0;
+ while (i < source.size() && i < target.size())
+ {
+ // recursive call to compare array values at index i
+ auto temp_diff = diff(source[i], target[i], detail::concat<string_t>(path, '/', detail::to_string<string_t>(i)));
+ result.insert(result.end(), temp_diff.begin(), temp_diff.end());
+ ++i;
+ }
+
+ // We now reached the end of at least one array
+ // in a second pass, traverse the remaining elements
+
+ // remove my remaining elements
+ const auto end_index = static_cast<difference_type>(result.size());
+ while (i < source.size())
+ {
+ // add operations in reverse order to avoid invalid
+ // indices
+ result.insert(result.begin() + end_index, object(
+ {
+ {"op", "remove"},
+ {"path", detail::concat<string_t>(path, '/', detail::to_string<string_t>(i))}
+ }));
+ ++i;
+ }
+
+ // add other remaining elements
+ while (i < target.size())
+ {
+ result.push_back(
+ {
+ {"op", "add"},
+ {"path", detail::concat<string_t>(path, "/-")},
+ {"value", target[i]}
+ });
+ ++i;
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::object:
+ {
+ // first pass: traverse this object's elements
+ for (auto it = source.cbegin(); it != source.cend(); ++it)
+ {
+ // escape the key name to be used in a JSON patch
+ const auto path_key = detail::concat<string_t>(path, '/', detail::escape(it.key()));
+
+ if (target.find(it.key()) != target.end())
+ {
+ // recursive call to compare object values at key it
+ auto temp_diff = diff(it.value(), target[it.key()], path_key);
+ result.insert(result.end(), temp_diff.begin(), temp_diff.end());
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // found a key that is not in o -> remove it
+ result.push_back(object(
+ {
+ {"op", "remove"}, {"path", path_key}
+ }));
+ }
+ }
+
+ // second pass: traverse other object's elements
+ for (auto it = target.cbegin(); it != target.cend(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (source.find(it.key()) == source.end())
+ {
+ // found a key that is not in this -> add it
+ const auto path_key = detail::concat<string_t>(path, '/', detail::escape(it.key()));
+ result.push_back(
+ {
+ {"op", "add"}, {"path", path_key},
+ {"value", it.value()}
+ });
+ }
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ default:
+ {
+ // both primitive type: replace value
+ result.push_back(
+ {
+ {"op", "replace"}, {"path", path}, {"value", target}
+ });
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+ /// @}
+
+ ////////////////////////////////
+ // JSON Merge Patch functions //
+ ////////////////////////////////
+
+ /// @name JSON Merge Patch functions
+ /// @{
+
+ /// @brief applies a JSON Merge Patch
+ /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/merge_patch/
+ void merge_patch(const basic_json& apply_patch)
+ {
+ if (apply_patch.is_object())
+ {
+ if (!is_object())
+ {
+ *this = object();
+ }
+ for (auto it = apply_patch.begin(); it != apply_patch.end(); ++it)
+ {
+ if (it.value().is_null())
+ {
+ erase(it.key());
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ operator[](it.key()).merge_patch(it.value());
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ *this = apply_patch;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// @}
+};
+
+/// @brief user-defined to_string function for JSON values
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_string/
+NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
+std::string to_string(const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j)
+{
+ return j.dump();
+}
+
+inline namespace literals
+{
+inline namespace json_literals
+{
+
+/// @brief user-defined string literal for JSON values
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_literal_json/
+JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,9,0)
+ inline nlohmann::json operator ""_json(const char* s, std::size_t n)
+#else
+ inline nlohmann::json operator "" _json(const char* s, std::size_t n)
+#endif
+{
+ return nlohmann::json::parse(s, s + n);
+}
+
+/// @brief user-defined string literal for JSON pointer
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_literal_json_pointer/
+JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+#if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,9,0)
+ inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator ""_json_pointer(const char* s, std::size_t n)
+#else
+ inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator "" _json_pointer(const char* s, std::size_t n)
+#endif
+{
+ return nlohmann::json::json_pointer(std::string(s, n));
+}
+
+} // namespace json_literals
+} // namespace literals
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+///////////////////////
+// nonmember support //
+///////////////////////
+
+namespace std // NOLINT(cert-dcl58-cpp)
+{
+
+/// @brief hash value for JSON objects
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/std_hash/
+NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
+struct hash<nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL> // NOLINT(cert-dcl58-cpp)
+{
+ std::size_t operator()(const nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j) const
+ {
+ return nlohmann::detail::hash(j);
+ }
+};
+
+// specialization for std::less<value_t>
+template<>
+struct less< ::nlohmann::detail::value_t> // do not remove the space after '<', see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/679
+{
+ /*!
+ @brief compare two value_t enum values
+ @since version 3.0.0
+ */
+ bool operator()(::nlohmann::detail::value_t lhs,
+ ::nlohmann::detail::value_t rhs) const noexcept
+ {
+#if JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+ return std::is_lt(lhs <=> rhs); // *NOPAD*
+#else
+ return ::nlohmann::detail::operator<(lhs, rhs);
+#endif
+ }
+};
+
+// C++20 prohibit function specialization in the std namespace.
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+
+/// @brief exchanges the values of two JSON objects
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/std_swap/
+NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
+inline void swap(nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j1, nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j2) noexcept( // NOLINT(readability-inconsistent-declaration-parameter-name, cert-dcl58-cpp)
+ is_nothrow_move_constructible<nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL>::value&& // NOLINT(misc-redundant-expression,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-swap,performance-noexcept-swap)
+ is_nothrow_move_assignable<nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL>::value)
+{
+ j1.swap(j2);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+} // namespace std
+
+#if JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS
+ #if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,9,0)
+ using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator ""_json; // NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
+ using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator ""_json_pointer; //NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
+ #else
+ using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator "" _json; // NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
+ using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator "" _json_pointer; //NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_unscope.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+// restore clang diagnostic settings
+#if defined(__clang__)
+ #pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+// clean up
+#undef JSON_ASSERT
+#undef JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH
+#undef JSON_THROW
+#undef JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED
+#undef NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
+#undef NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL
+#undef JSON_EXPLICIT
+#undef NLOHMANN_CAN_CALL_STD_FUNC_IMPL
+#undef JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE
+#undef JSON_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
+#undef JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+#undef JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS
+
+#ifndef JSON_TEST_KEEP_MACROS
+ #undef JSON_CATCH
+ #undef JSON_TRY
+ #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_11
+ #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+ #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+ #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+ #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_23
+ #undef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
+ #undef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+ #undef JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
+ #undef JSON_HAS_RANGES
+ #undef JSON_HAS_STATIC_RTTI
+ #undef JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+#endif
+
+// #include <nlohmann/thirdparty/hedley/hedley_undef.hpp>
+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_ARM_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_ARRAY_PARAM
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_ASSUME
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_BEGIN_C_DECLS
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_BUILTIN
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_DECLSPEC_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_EXTENSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_FEATURE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CLANG_HAS_WARNING
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_COMPCERT_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT3_EX
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONCAT_EX
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONST
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONSTEXPR
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CONST_CAST
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CPP_CAST
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_CRAY_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_C_DECL
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CAST_QUAL
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_CPP98_COMPAT_WRAP_
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_CPP_ATTRIBUTES
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNKNOWN_PRAGMAS
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_DISABLE_UNUSED_FUNCTION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_PUSH
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_DMC_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_EMPTY_BASES
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_EMSCRIPTEN_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_END_C_DECLS
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_FLAGS_CAST
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_BUILTIN
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_EXTENSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_FEATURE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_HAS_WARNING
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_NOT_CLANG_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_BUILTIN
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_EXTENSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_FEATURE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_HAS_WARNING
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_GNUC_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_BUILTIN
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE_NS
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_DECLSPEC_ATTRIBUTE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_EXTENSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_FEATURE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_HAS_WARNING
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_IAR_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_IBM_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_IMPORT
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_INLINE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_CL_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_INTEL_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTANT
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_IS_CONSTEXPR_
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_MALLOC
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_MCST_LCC_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_MESSAGE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_NEVER_INLINE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_NO_ESCAPE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_NO_RETURN
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_NO_THROW
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_NULL
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PELLES_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PGI_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PREDICT
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PRINTF_FORMAT
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PRIVATE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PUBLIC
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_REINTERPRET_CAST
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_CONSTEXPR
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_REQUIRE_MSG
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_RESTRICT
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_SENTINEL
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_ASSERT
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_STATIC_CAST
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_STRINGIFY_EX
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_SUNPRO_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TINYC_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_ARMCL_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL2000_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL430_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL6X_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CL7X_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_CLPRU_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_TI_VERSION_CHECK
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNAVAILABLE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNPREDICTABLE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE_RETURN
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_MAJOR
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_MINOR
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_DECODE_REVISION
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION_ENCODE
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_WARNING
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT_MSG
+#undef JSON_HEDLEY_FALL_THROUGH
+
+
+
+#endif // INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
diff --git a/include/views.hpp b/include/views.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c76ac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/views.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#pragma once
+
+int loadViews();
+bool saveViews(int views); \ No newline at end of file
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2026-09-23 18:24:29 +0000